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ProteinProteinsPromoterSequencesTransgenic miceHumansTumorsTranscriptionalGeneticMutationMutationsPrimersEncodesTransactivatorMRNARetrovirusesPolymeraseHumanReplicationSequenceRegulatoryRegulationIdentified a novelSubsetDataSetsSystemicGenomeMiceTranscription FactorsOrganismTissueChickenWidelyInhibitionSignificanceClusterInductionChromosomeVirusAmplificationBiologicalDuplicationCancerCellsSearchRegion
Protein24
  • The active n-butanol fraction was evaluated for its inhibition against HIV-1 reverse transcriptase, integrase, protease, pro-viral genome integration and viral Tat protein mediated transactivation. (nih.gov)
  • The results presented here show a potential anti-HIV-1 activity of A. catechu mediated by the inhibition of the functions of the viral protein and Tat. (nih.gov)
  • Importantly, for the AIDS virus, HIV, P-TEFb is targeted by the HIV Tat protein which bypasses normal cellular P-TEFb control and directly brings P-TEFb to the promoter proximal paused polymerase in the HIV genome. (wikipedia.org)
  • The structure of HIV Tat bound to P-TEFb demonstrated that the viral protein forms extensive contacts with the cyclin T1 subunit (Figure 2). (wikipedia.org)
  • The new virus, however, does not nucleotides 1162 and 1295 of the F protein to give a 134-bp infect chickens or turkeys (3), and they are unlikely to be a PCR product. (cdc.gov)
  • What does this gene/protein do? (cancerindex.org)
  • These sequences represent the protein coding region of the TAT cDNA ORF which is encoded by the open reading frame (ORF) sequence. (genscript.com)
  • This modification significantly improves the Tat-dependent secretion of human growth hormone (hGH) into the bacterial periplasm, to the extent that secreted hGH is the dominant periplasmic protein after only 1 hr induction. (aston.ac.uk)
  • Effects of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Tat protein on the expression of inflammatory cytokines. (microbiologyresearch.org)
  • Human immunodeficiency virus Vpr product is a virion-associated regulatory protein. (microbiologyresearch.org)
  • In serotype 4b, gtcA appears to be the first member of a bicistronic operon which includes a gene with homology to Bacillus subtilis rpmE , encoding ribosomal protein L31. (asm.org)
  • Exposure to HIV-1 trans-activator of transcription (Tat) protein potentiates the psychostimulant effects of cocaine, but the functional consequences of the interaction between HIV-1 Tat and other abused drugs is poorly understood. (eurekaselect.com)
  • GT-tg transgenic mice, where Tat protein is conditionally expressed in brain by a doxycycline-dependent GFAP-linked promoter, were used to test the effects of Tat on ethanol-conditioned place preference (CPP). (eurekaselect.com)
  • The potentiation of ethanol-CPP was dependent on the dose and duration of doxycycline treatment used to express Tat protein. (eurekaselect.com)
  • Moreover, induction of Tat protein after the extinction of CPP produced reinstatement without additional exposure to ethanol. (eurekaselect.com)
  • Together, these data suggest that CNS exposure to HIV-1 Tat protein potentiates the rewarding effects of ethanol in mice. (eurekaselect.com)
  • The env genes contain a cis-acting RNA target sequence for the rev protein (= GENE PRODUCTS, REV ), termed the rev-responsive element (RRE). (lookformedical.com)
  • External envelope protein of the human immunodeficiency virus which is encoded by the HIV env gene. (lookformedical.com)
  • Transmembrane envelope protein of the HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS which is encoded by the HIV env gene. (lookformedical.com)
  • The products are usually synthesized as protein precursors or POLYPROTEINS, which are then cleaved by viral proteases to yield the final products. (lookformedical.com)
  • Finally, we observed that neuronal cultures treated with Tat protein are protected from Tat-mediated cytotoxicity when treated with 18BIOder. (jax.org)
  • Previous results indicate that the HHV-8 viral transactivator ORF50 interacts synergistically with Tat protein in the transactivation of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) long terminal repeat (LTR), leading to increased cell susceptibility to HIV infection. (ashpublications.org)
  • Taxonomic classification of those E. ictaluri specific phages must rely on a synthesis of morphological and genomic details, taking into consideration that phage evolution continues to be profoundly directed by lateral gene transfer, and that a rational hierarchical technique of phage classification really should be based within the degree of DNA and protein sequence identity for several genetic loci. (hivprotease-signal.com)
  • The substantial terminase subunit which is a structural protein is together with the portal protein viewed as essentially the most universally conserved gene sequence in phages, consequently they are good possibilities to assist in phage classification. (hivprotease-signal.com)
Proteins10
  • This gene is located in a cluster of closely related salivary proline-rich proteins on chromosome 12. (cancerindex.org)
  • Retroviral proteins, often glycosylated, coded by the envelope (env) gene. (lookformedical.com)
  • Proteins coded by the retroviral gag gene. (lookformedical.com)
  • A subset of periplasmic proteins are exported via the Tat pathway to which proteins are directed by N-terminal "transfer peptides" bearing the consensus (S/T)RRXFLK "twin-arginine" motif. (ox.ac.uk)
  • The HIV-1 regulatory proteins Tat and Rev are frequently targeted by cytotoxic T lymphocytes derived from HIV-1-infected individuals. (ox.ac.uk)
  • The HIV-1 regulatory proteins Rev and Tat are expressed early in the virus life cycle and thus may be important targets for the immune control of HIV-1-infection and for effective vaccines. (ox.ac.uk)
  • In the present study, 57 HIV-1-infected individuals were screened for responses against Tat and Rev by using overlapping peptides spanning the entire Tat and Rev proteins. (ox.ac.uk)
  • CD8+ T cell responses against Tat and Rev were found in up to 19 and 37% of HIV-1-infected individuals, respectively, indicating that these regulatory proteins are important targets for HIV-1-specific CTL. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Therefore we selected three of the major CPPs, penetratin, Tat and transportan 10, and evaluated their ability to deliver commonly used cargos, including fluoresceinyl moiety, double-stranded DNA and proteins (i.e. avidin and streptavidin), and studied their effect on membrane integrity and cell viability. (ox.ac.uk)
  • The predicted gene products with sequence similarity amongst the eiAU and SSL 2009a phage genomes include things like the putative small tail proteins tail tape mea certain, major tail proteins, major capsid proteins, head morphogenesis, phage terminase tiny subunit, and the phage terminase large subunit. (hivprotease-signal.com)
Promoter8
  • Immediately following initiation Pol II becomes trapped in promoter proximal paused positions on the majority of human genes (Figure 1). (wikipedia.org)
  • HIV gene products, such as Tat, may be able to transactivate the JC viral promoter directly. (medscape.com)
  • Recent years have witnessed a sea change in our understanding of transcription regulation: whereas traditional models focused solely on the events that brought RNA polymerase II (Pol II) to a gene promoter to initiate RNA synthesis, emerging evidence points to the pausing of Pol II during early elongation as a widespread regulatory mechanism in higher eukaryotes. (nature.com)
  • To facilitate Tat export, we have engineered the TatExpress series of super-secreting strains by introducing the strong inducible bacterial promoter, ptac, upstream of the chromosomal tatABCD operon, to drive its expression in E. coli strains commonly used by industry (e.g. (aston.ac.uk)
  • Evidence for stimulation of the transforming growth factor β 1 promoter by HIV-1 Tat in cells derived from CNS. (microbiologyresearch.org)
  • In the present study, we performed a comparative study of the ubiquitous CMV promoter and three neuron-specific promoters, chicken Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent kinase (cCaMKII), chicken Nestin (cNestin), and human synapsin I. We explored the possibility of manipulating gene expression in chicken embryonic brain cells using in ovo electroporation with the selected promoters. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Overexpression of the FOXP2 gene driven by the cNestin promoter in brain cells significantly affected expression levels of target genes, CNTNAP2 and ELAVL4 . (biomedcentral.com)
  • Promoter methylation of p16 INK4A , c-myc and hMSH2 genes was assayed by methylation-specific PCR (MSP) and sequencing (mapping). (wjgnet.com)
Sequences4
  • The following TAT gene cDNA ORF clone sequences were retrieved from the NCBI Reference Sequence Database (RefSeq). (genscript.com)
  • Translated partial amino acid sequence of pln A gene in MCC4246 displayed 48 amino acid sequences showing 100% similarity with plantaricin A of Lactobacillus plantarum (WP_0036419). (researchsquare.com)
  • Regions of the L. killicki ( L. tropica ) and L. major genes sequences were scanned using BLAST program and subsequently compared using appropriate bioinformatic tools Chromas and MEGA. (who.int)
  • First of all we proceeded to an alignment using the CLUSTAL W program to each Leishmania species and for the selected gene (cysteine protase b) (the alignment use published sequences and sequences which were sequenced in our laboratory). (who.int)
Transgenic mice3
  • Systemic expression of HIV-1 tat gene in transgenic mice induces endothelial proliferation and tumors of different histotypes. (microbiologyresearch.org)
  • HIV-associated nephropathy in transgenic mice expressing HIV-1 genes. (microbiologyresearch.org)
  • Inoculation with a high dose strains of LMP1 transgenic mice vide a powerful tool in mechanistic of EBV caused a B-cell lymphopro- were established that express LMP1 studies on the role of individual viral liferative disorder in these mice, under the control of the immunoglob- genes in cancer. (who.int)
Humans1
  • Study of mcr-1 Gene-Mediated Colistin Resistance in Enterobacteriaceae Isolated from Humans and Animals in Different Countries. (cdc.gov)
Tumors5
  • The Center for Molecular Imaging Research at Massachusetts General Hospital-Harvard Medical School, Boston, has several research emphases, especially imaging gene expression, including imaging of angiogenesis and gene delivery to tumors. (axisimagingnews.com)
  • HSVtk/ganciclovir (GCV) gene therapy has been extensively studied in tumors and relies largely on the gene expression of HSVtk . (biomedcentral.com)
  • We have evaluated the antitumor effect of HSVtk/ganciclovir gene therapy under Tet-On regulation by means of adeno-associated virus-2 (AAV-2)-mediated HSVtk gene transfer with direct intratumoral injections in mice bearing breast cancer tumors. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The expression of HSVtk gene in MCF-7 cells and BALB/C nude mice tumors was up-regulated by Tet-On under Dox induction with reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR) analysis. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The antitumor effect of rAAV-mediated HSVtk/GCV gene therapy under the Dox induction with direct intratumoral injections may be a useful treatment for breast cancer and other solid tumors. (biomedcentral.com)
Transcriptional3
  • Distinct signals that act through diverse targeted transcription factors can regulate different steps in the transcription pathway and provide a highly modulated transcriptional response at individual genes. (nature.com)
  • The transcriptional levels of p16 INK4A and MeCP2 genes did not display any difference between gastric cancerous and matched non-cancerous tissues. (wjgnet.com)
  • Using high-throughput screening assays, we have previously described a novel Tat-dependent HIV-1 transcriptional inhibitor named 6-bromoindirubin-3'-oxime (6BIO). (jax.org)
Genetic1
  • The chicken in ovo model is an attractive system to explore underlying mechanisms of neural and brain development, and it is important to develop effective genetic modification techniques that permit analyses of gene functions in vivo. (biomedcentral.com)
Mutation2
  • Novel Mutation (Gly212Val) in the PS2 Gene Associated with Early-Onset Familial Alzheimer's Disease. (nih.gov)
  • For the configuration of the Plasma-SeqSensei™ NSCLC RUO kits, four key cancer genes were selected after comparison of mutation frequencies using the COSMIC (Catalogue of Somatic Mutation in Cancer) and cBioPortal for cancer genomics databases. (sysmex-europe.com)
Mutations2
  • The kit uses next generation sequencing for the detection and identification of mutations in BRAF, EGFR, KRAS, and PIK3CA genes in human cfDNA isolated from blood plasma which play a significant role in the development of NSCLC and are relevant biomarkers for prognosis, choice of therapy as well as monitoring of recurrence and therapy response. (sysmex-europe.com)
  • EGFR gene mutations (in exons 18-21) coding for the internal receptor tyrosine kinase [TK] domain of EGFR have a variable ability to activate the TK in the absence of ligand binding. (sysmex-europe.com)
Primers3
  • For amplification of the M gene, primers severity of bronchiolitis. (cdc.gov)
  • Black Seedless) showing a microarray hybridization pattern compatible with a mixed infection of GLRaV-7 and GLRaV-1 was analyzed by ELISA using GLRaV-7 specific antibodies (Agritest, Valenzano, Italy) and reverse transcription (RT)-PCR using virus-specific primers LR7-F: 5′- TAT ATC CCA ACG GAG ATG GC -3′ and LR7-R: 5′- ATG TTC CTC CAC CAA AAT CG -3′ (based on GenBank Accession No. Y15987). (apsnet.org)
  • Orthopoxviruses and Monkeypox virus were detected in the organs by PCR using consensus primers targeting the virus surface membrane haemagglutinin (HA) genes, while Leptospira species were detected by PCR using primers targeting the rrs and lfb1 genes. (who.int)
Encodes4
  • This gene encodes a member of the heterogeneous family of basic, proline-rich, human salivary glycoproteins. (cancerindex.org)
  • This gene encodes a member of the tubulin superfamily. (nih.gov)
  • This gene encodes a member of the Sp subfamily of Sp/XKLF transcription factors. (nih.gov)
  • Human immunodeficiency virus encodes a gene product termed tat that is able to activate viral gene expression when present in trans. (duke.edu)
Transactivator1
  • Since then, several CPPs, including the widely used Tat (transactivator of transcription) peptide, have been developed and utilized to translocate a wide range of compounds across the plasma membrane of cells both in vivo and in vitro. (ox.ac.uk)
MRNA7
  • The n-butanol fraction interfered with the Tat-mediated Long Terminal Repeat transactivation in TZM-bl cells, mRNA quantitation (qRT-PCR) and electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA). (nih.gov)
  • Macaca mulatta tyrosine aminotransferase (TAT), transcript variant X2, mRNA. (genscript.com)
  • This record is derived from a genomic sequence (NW_014805854.1) annotated using gene prediction method: Gnomon, supported by mRNA and EST evidence. (genscript.com)
  • The mechanism of action of the tat gene product appears to be bimodal, resulting in both an increase in the steady-state level of viral mRNA and the enhanced translation of that RNA. (duke.edu)
  • In this report we have examined the mechanism by which tat elevates viral mRNA levels. (duke.edu)
  • Data are presented demonstrating that tat acts by increasing the rate of viral transcription, rather than by modulating the stability of viral mRNA. (duke.edu)
  • The average mRNA level of Dnmt1 gene from cancerous tissue was higher and that of mbd2 gene from cancerous tissue was lower than that from non-cancerous tissue, respectively. (wjgnet.com)
Retroviruses1
Polymerase1
Human8
  • Cytotoxic effect on lymphocytes of Tat from human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1). (microbiologyresearch.org)
  • Xq28 appears to be an unstable region of the human genome and genomic rearrangements are recognised as major causes of two single gene defects, haemophilia A and incontinentia pigmenti, which map within Xq28. (bmj.com)
  • 18- 21 Xq28 is a highly gene rich region of the human X chromosome and we focused on the X chromosome breakpoint as the identification of a disrupted gene here would be a rapid way to identify a further candidate gene for X linked mental retardation within Xq28. (bmj.com)
  • The attitude towards unacceptance of food products containing some of the artificial preservatives has increased due to growing awareness of its ill-effect on human and animal health. (researchsquare.com)
  • Scholars@Duke publication: Trans-activation of human immunodeficiency virus gene expression is mediated by nuclear events. (duke.edu)
  • These results suggest that tat could play a role in human immunodeficiency virus replication essentially similar to that proposed for the trans-acting nuclear gene products described for several other virus species. (duke.edu)
  • The up-regulation of proto-oncogene may be the consequence of epigenetic control of gene expression by demethylase, and mbd2 is involved in the regulation of hMSH2 expression in human gastric cancer. (wjgnet.com)
  • FKN is able to potently induce the migration of primary human monocytes across an endothelial cell/primary human fetal astrocyte trans-well bilayer, and is neuroprotective to cultured neurons when coadministered with either the HIV-1 neurotoxin platelet activating factor (PAF) or the regulatory HIV-1 gene product Tat. (northwestern.edu)
Replication1
  • Novel neuroprotective GSK-3β inhibitor restricts Tat-mediated HIV-1 replication. (jax.org)
Sequence2
  • rAAV1 vectors have a similar capsid sequence and were successfully applied in systemic gene delivery to vital muscles of DMD and CMD mouse models and efficiently ameliorated the dystrophic phenotype (Qiao et al. (justia.com)
  • gene that contains a sequence that hybridizes with an oligonucleotide probe specific for M. tuberculosis complex bacteria. (cdc.gov)
Regulatory1
  • Pausing provides a mechanism to tune these key genes to cellular and external regulatory cues. (nature.com)
Regulation3
  • Because of its central role in controlling eukaryotic gene expression, P-TEFb is subject to stringent regulation at the level of transcription of the genes encoding the subunits, translation of the subunit mRNAs, turnover of the subunits, and also by an unusual mechanism involving the 7SK snRNP. (wikipedia.org)
  • Indirect immunofluorescence was used to show that tat is predominantly localized in the nucleus of expressing cells, a location consistent with a role in the regulation of viral transcription. (duke.edu)
  • However, only a few workers have reported precise regulation of the HSVtk gene. (biomedcentral.com)
Identified a novel1
  • We have identified a novel gene, gtcA , involved in the decoration of cell wall teichoic acid of Listeria monocytogenes serotype 4b with galactose and glucose. (asm.org)
Subset1
  • Most genes are associated with factors that establish and release paused Pol II and therefore appear to progress through this step, although only a subset of genes appears to be directly regulated by pausing. (nature.com)
DataSets1
Systemic1
  • AAV9 vectors also demonstrate efficient tropism to the myocardium and serve as another alternative for systemic gene delivery to heart (Inagaki et al. (justia.com)
Genome1
  • Genome-wide association analysis implicates dysregulation of immunity genes in chronic lymphocytic leukaemia. (cancerindex.org)
Mice1
  • Compared to uninduced littermates or doxycycline-treated C57BL/6J mice, Tat-induced GT-tg mice demonstrated a 3-fold increase in ethanol-CPP. (eurekaselect.com)
Transcription Factors1
  • Although pausing has been connected to extremely rapid and synchronous activation of genes, pausing is also highly associated with constitutively expressed genes that encode signalling and transcription factors. (nature.com)
Organism1
  • 7560 /organism="Norovirus GII" /mol_type="genomic RNA" /isolate="NORO_143_12_11_2014" /host="Homo sapiens" /db_xref="taxon:122929" /country="United Kingdom" /collection_date="12-Nov-2014" /note="genotype: GII.Pe_GII.4" gene 5. (cdc.gov)
Tissue1
  • The progress was made in increasing the product of therapeutic genes combined with suicide gene therapy using either tumor cell-specific or tissue-specific promoters. (biomedcentral.com)
Chicken1
  • Although electroporation and viral vector-mediated gene delivery techniques have been used to introduce exogenous DNA into chicken embryonic cells, transducing neurons efficiently and specifically remains challenging. (biomedcentral.com)
Widely1
  • The more widely used suicide gene system is the herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase/ganciclovir (HSVtK/GCV). (biomedcentral.com)
Inhibition1
  • Overall, our data suggest that HIV-1 Tat-dependent transcription is sensitive to small-molecule inhibition of GSK-3β. (jax.org)
Significance2
  • The present study is usually a cross-sectional analysis aimed to evaluate the significance of the presence of SE genes, defined as em DRB1*01 /em or em DRB1*04 /em , in relation to anti-CCP antibodies, antikeratin antibody (AKA) and RF in individuals who developed RA. (exposed-skin-care.net)
  • Clinical Significance of PIK3CA Gene in Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. (sysmex-europe.com)
Cluster1
  • Gene modules which have been proposed for working with as basis of the phage taxonomy method incorporate the DNA packaging head gene cluster, the structural gene archi tecture, and phage tail genes. (hivprotease-signal.com)
Induction1
Chromosome3
  • A pseudogene of this gene is found on chromosome 5. (nih.gov)
  • Characterisation of breakpoints in patients with apparently balanced constitutional chromosome rearrangements and phenotypic abnormalities has proved an invaluable strategy for identifying disease causing genes, especially those on the X chromosome. (bmj.com)
  • 3- 6 Phenotypic abnormalities seen in cases with apparently balanced chromosome rearrangements have usually been explained by the disruption of a gene at the breakpoint causing the loss of gene function. (bmj.com)
Virus1
  • However, most infections are due to res- firmed by PCR amplification for the F or N gene products, or piratory syncytial virus (RSV) (2). (cdc.gov)
Amplification1
  • In June 2001, Osterhaus and by amplification of a longer product of the M gene. (cdc.gov)
Biological1
  • However, the transcription level of the above genes was not associated with biological behaviours of gastric cancers. (wjgnet.com)
Duplication2
  • Duplication of one or several of the genes within the 650 kb interval is likely to be responsible for the mental retardation phenotype seen in our patient. (bmj.com)
  • However, other mechanisms of disease causation have also been described where (1) a breakpoint disrupts or alters gene expression via a position effect 7 or (2) a cryptic deletion or duplication is identified at the translocation breakpoint. (bmj.com)
Cancer2
  • Breast cancer risk is influenced by rare coding variants in susceptibility genes, such as BRCA1, and many common, mostly non-coding variants. (cancerindex.org)
  • Most studies, however, have failed to demonstrate any significant benefit of a controlled gene expression strategy in cancer treatment. (biomedcentral.com)
Cells2
  • Calcium Condensed LABL-TAT Complexes Effectively Target Gene Delivery to ICAM-1 Expressing Cells. (quantabiodesign.com)
  • We have identified a second-generation derivative called 18BIOder as an inhibitor of HIV-1 Tat-dependent transcription in TZM-bl cells and a potent inhibitor of GSK-3β kinase in vitro. (jax.org)
Search1
  • TGA) [TAT ending at position 6705 on + strand];first in-frame stop codon exists 3' of stop position predicted by homology to reference [homology search predicted 5085. (cdc.gov)
Region4
  • This duplicated region contains 11 characterised genes, of which nine are expressed in brain. (bmj.com)
  • 12- 17 However, there is still further allelic heterogeneity within this region as there are additional XLMR families published that map to Xq28 with a significant lod score but do not have abnormalities in any of these genes. (bmj.com)
  • The RT-PCR product of 393 bp corresponding to a fragment of the HSP70h gene was cloned and sequenced (GenBank Accession No. EU334663), showing 94% nucleotide and 95% amino acid identity when compared with a corresponding region of another GLRaV-9 isolate from the United States (GenBank Accession No. AY297819). (apsnet.org)
  • The 301-bp product was cloned and sequenced (GenBank Accession No. EU588989) showing 93.7% nucleotide and 98% amino acid identity when compared with a corresponding region of another GLRaV-9 isolate (GenBank Accession No. AY297819). (apsnet.org)