• Secreted phospholipases A 2 (sPLA 2 s) participate in a very broad spectrum of biological processes through their enzymatic activity and as ligands for membrane and soluble receptors. (ijbs.com)
  • Mutations in this gene have been associated with multifocal stenosing ulceration of the small intestine. (wikipedia.org)
  • An expanding number of degenerative disorders are associated with mutations in the genes encoding MFN2 and OPA1, including Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 2A and autosomal dominant optic atrophy. (centrodinoferrari.com)
  • Deep sequencing studies show that 4.2% of tumours carry activating mutations in GNAS (encoding Gα s ), and that oncogenic activating mutations in genes encoding Gα q family members ( GNAQ or GNA11 ) are present in ∼ 66% and ∼ 6% of melanomas arising in the eye and skin, respectively. (nature.com)
  • Although this depends on many factors, in this position paper we show three categories that stand out: gene mutations, food resources, and cognitive and behavioral stimulation. (ocl-journal.org)
  • Avec l'apport de la cuisson et de nouvelles mutations plus productives de FADS2, le volume cérébral a trouvé son apogée chez Homo neanderthalensis dans un écosystème alimentaire favorable en acide α-linolénique et DHA. (ocl-journal.org)
  • Clostridium perfringens phospholipase C (Cp-PLC), also called alpha-toxin, is the major virulence factor in the pathogenesis of gas gangrene. (ucr.ac.cr)
  • The lipid precursor phosphatidylethanolamine (PTLM), through the action of N -acyltransferase (NAT) and of arachidonic acid (ARa), leads to the formation of N -arachidonoyl-phosphatidylethonolamine (NAPE), which, through the action of NAPE-phospholipase D (NAPE-PLD), forms N -Arachidonoylethanolamine (anandamide-AEA) and phosphatidic acid (PHa). (encyclopedia.pub)
  • Bothropstoxin-I (BthTx-I) is a Lys49-phospholipase A 2 (Lys49-PLA 2 ) from the venom of Bothrops jararacussu, which despite of the lack of catalytic activity induces myotoxicity, inflammation and pain. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Cytosolic phospholipase A2 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the PLA2G4A gene. (wikipedia.org)
  • TNFα treatment of DU145 cells increased mRNA levels of PTSG2 (gene of COX-2) and decreased the mRNA of the AEA synthetic enzyme N -acyl-phosphatidylethanolamine selective phospholipase D. mRNA levels of the AEA hydrolytic enzymes fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH) and N -acylethanolamine-hydrolyzing acid amidase were not changed. (researcher-app.com)
  • Lipoprotein lipase (LPL), the rate-limiting enzyme for hydrolysis of plasma lipoprotein triglycerides, is a normal constituent of the arterial wall. (jci.org)
  • The snake venom myotoxin (MT)-III is a group IIA secreted phospholipase A2 (sPLA2) with pro-inflammatory activities. (ucr.ac.cr)
  • These alterations may arise from cancer-specific changes in gene copy number, as well as from other genetic, epigenetic and post-translational changes resulting in higher protein expression, thereby enhancing tumour progression and metastasis. (nature.com)
  • ABHD16A (abhydrolase domain-containing protein 16A, phospholipase) encodes the major phosphatidylserine (PS) lipase in the brain. (inrae.fr)
  • These reactions lead to hydroxy products (HETE) via reduction by glutathion peroxidases, leukotrienes (LT) via isomerisation and dehydration, prostaglandins (PG), dihydroperoxy compounds (DiHpETE) and lipoxines (Lx) by isomerisation. (gerli.com)
  • Transcriptomic analysis on 72 h-exposed fetal testis explants revealed 187 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), including genes involved in steroid synthesis and toxic substance response. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Of note, we observed that MAPCAs differentially express several genes at much higher levels than either PA or aorta.MAPCAs differ from PA or aorta by significantly altered levels in gene expression, suggesting a transcriptional basis for their physiology that will guide a further understanding of the pathobiology of MAPCAs and TOF. (stanford.edu)
  • The three peptides are encoded by distinct genes and are regulated at the level of mRNA transcription. (biomedcentral.com)
  • This gene encodes a member of the phospholipase A2 family of proteins. (nih.gov)
  • PA2 catalyzes the calcium-dependent hydrolysis of the 2-acyl groups in 3-sn-phosphoglycerides. (nih.gov)
  • This process is completed when amylase catalyzes the hydrolysis of alpha-1, 4-glycosidic linkages of polysaccharides to yield dextrins, oligosaccharides, maltose and D-glucose. (tlsslim.com)
  • In molecular biology and genetics, transactivation is an increased rate of gene expression triggered either by biological processes or by artificial means. (absoluteastronomy.com)
  • We compared expression differences between pairs of the three vessels to determine whether MAPCAs display distinct expression patterns.Functional clustering analysis identified differences in gene expression, which were further analyzed by gene ontology classification. (stanford.edu)
  • Regulation of bacterial virulence gene expression by the host environment. (jci.org)
  • This gene encodes a member of the cytosolic phospholipase A2 group IV family. (wikipedia.org)
  • Here we review the most recent advancements on C. concisus and other human hosted Campylobacter species including their clinical relevance, transmission, virulence factors, disease associated genes, interactions with the human immune system and pathogenic mechanisms. (frontiersin.org)
  • 40 Open group genes with progression toward disease.Failure of AV to close initiates an extensive response characterized by expression changes common to progression to calcific aortic valve disease. (stanford.edu)
  • Lactase are enzymes are involved in the hydrolysis of lactose into the smaller sugars galactose and glucose. (tlsslim.com)
  • AV coaptation, whether phasic or chronic, preserved phenotypic gene expression. (stanford.edu)
  • Expression differences among vessel types were observed for multiple gene classes. (stanford.edu)
  • These findings demonstrate that BP regulatory gene(s) exist within the differential chromosome segment trapped in the SHR-Lx congenic strain and that this region of chromosome 8 plays a major role in the hypertension of SHR vs. BN-Lx rats. (jci.org)
  • showed hydrolysis of medium-chain saturated (C14:0), long-chain unsaturated (C18:1, C18:2, C20:4) monoacylglycerols (MAGs) and 15-deoxy-12,14-prostaglandin J2-2-glycerol ester (15d-PGJ2-G). Only marginal diacylglycerol (DAG), triacylglycerol (TAG), or lysophospholipase activity PANTHER PTHR12277:SF54 There are two genes ABHD16 A and B in amniotes. (inrae.fr)
  • Levels of AEA, related N -acylethanolamines (NAEs), prostaglandins (PG) and PG-ethanolamines (PG-EA) in DU145 cells and medium were quantitated by ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) analysis. (researcher-app.com)
  • Our findings add ABHD16A to the growing list of lipid genes in which dysregulation can cause complicated forms of HSP and begin to describe the molecular etiology of this condition. (inrae.fr)
  • Hereditary spastic paraplegia (HSP) ABHD16A from mutation Q279X_human-ABHD16A in gene_locus human-ABHD16A . (inrae.fr)
  • Another pathway is represented by the action of ARa and phospholipase A1 on phosphatidylinositol, which leads to the formation of 2-arachidonoyl-lysophospholipid (lysoPI). (encyclopedia.pub)
  • Lactase is essential for digestive hydrolysis of lactose in milk. (tlsslim.com)
  • The polymorphism of this gene appears to have been essential in allowing the Homo genus to adapt to its food, and for its evolution. (ocl-journal.org)
  • Linkage and comparative mapping studies indicate that the transferred chromosome segment contains a number of candidate genes for hypertension, including genes encoding a brain dopamine receptor and a renal epithelial potassium channel. (jci.org)
  • Prostaglandin E1 (PGE1)-mediated transmembrane signal control systems were investigated in intact murine neuroblastoma cells (clone N1E-115). (shengsci.com)