• Deletions in the ligand for CD40 in X-linked immunoglobulin deficiency with normal or elevated IgM (HIGMX-1). (nih.gov)
  • activated CD4+ T cells primarily exhibit its ligand CD154, antigen-presenting cells including dendritic cells (DCs), B cells, macrophages, classical and non-classical monocytes, on a variety of non-immune cells including platelets and endothelial cells, and on several types of tumor cells. (wikipedia.org)
  • While doing the experiments method they used to make an mAbs is now called CD40 which is a surface receptor of B cells which is able to that can be polyclonally activated by a binding ligand. (wikipedia.org)
  • Furthermore, many features and purposes of the CD40 signaling pathway in B cells were made determined to the detection of CD40 ligand (CD154) which was determined as a T cell surface molecule which is capable of induction of contact dependent differentiation of B cells. (wikipedia.org)
  • In particular, B-cell activating factor belonging to the TNF family receptor (BAFF-R), B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA), and transmembrane activator and calcium modulator and cyclophilin ligand interactor (TACI) play critical roles in promoting B-cell survival at distinct stages of development by engaging a proliferation-inducing ligand (APRIL) and/or BAFF. (nih.gov)
  • Here, we present a novel strategy to activate TLR and CD40 signaling in human T cells using inducible MyD88/CD40 (iMC), which can be triggered in vivo via the synthetic dimerizing ligand, rimiducid, to provide potent costimulation to CAR-modified T cells. (houstonmethodist.org)
  • The binding of CD40 and CD40 ligand can also promote B-2 cell immune responses. (creative-biolabs.com)
  • We aimed to clarify whether soluble CD40 ligand (sCD40L) activated B cells may be loaded with HBcAg18-27 peptide and served as antigen-producing cells (APCs) to induce HBV-specific cytolytic T lymphocytes (CTLs). (biomedcentral.com)
  • Amara described the adjuvant CD40 ligand, supplied as an extra gene in the DNA portion of the vaccine. (emoryhealthsciblog.com)
  • CD40 ligand, a stimulatory molecule usually found on the surfaces of immune cells, appears alongside viral antigens on "virus-like particles" produced by cells that take up the vaccine, Amara says. (emoryhealthsciblog.com)
  • CD40 ligand (CD40L or CD154), a type II membrane glycoprotein and a member of the TNF superfamily, is known for its transient expression on activated CD4+ T lymphocytes which is responsible for the helper T cells' function on resting B cells in a non-antigen-dependent as well as non-major histocompatibility complex-restricted fashions. (abbiosciences.com)
  • In addition to its expression on activated T cells, CD40 ligand can be efficiently translocated the surface of activated platelets. (abbiosciences.com)
  • 2. Hsu YM, Lucci J, Su L, Ehrenfels B, Garber E, Thomas D. (1997) Heteromultimeric complexes of CD40 ligand are present on the cell surface of human T lymphocytes. (abbiosciences.com)
  • The ligand of CD40 is CD154 (CD40 ligand). (biolegend.com)
  • Gene landscape and correlation between B-cell infiltration and programmed death ligand 1 expression in lung adenocarcinoma patients from The Cancer Genome Atlas data set. (cancer-genetics.org)
  • CD40 ligand trimer enhances the response of CD8 + T cells to Mycobacterium tuberculosis. (southernbiotech.com)
  • One such signal is likely to be CD40 ligand (CD40L), as IKK2dn blocked CD40L but not lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced NF-kappaB activation, cytokine production, and up-regulation of costimulatory molecules and HLA-DR in DCs. (ox.ac.uk)
  • RÉSUMÉ L'objectif de l'étude était d'évaler l'importance clinique du ligand de CD40 soluble (sCD40L) chez des patients atteints d'un carcinome hépatocellulaire (CHC) associé au virus de l'hépatite C (VHC). (who.int)
  • Most cases are X-linked and caused by mutations in a gene on the X chromosome that encodes a protein (CD154, or CD40 ligand) on the surfaces of activated helper T cells. (msdmanuals.com)
  • In the presence of cytokines, normal CD40 ligand interacts with B cells and thus signals them to switch from producing IgM to producing IgA, IgG, or IgE. (msdmanuals.com)
  • In X-linked hyper-IgM syndrome, T cells lack functional CD40 ligand and cannot signal B cells to switch. (msdmanuals.com)
  • The protein receptor encoded by this gene is a member of the TNF-receptor superfamily. (wikipedia.org)
  • If an activated T cell recognizes the peptide presented by the B cell, the CD40L on the T cell binds to the B cell's CD40 receptor, causing B cell activation. (wikipedia.org)
  • 80%) and biological pathways (such as adipocytokine, Notch, Hedgehog and NOD-like receptor signaling) were not identified by previous gene array studies. (mdpi.com)
  • Toll-like receptor (TLR) and CD40 signaling in T cells can improve persistence and drive proliferation of antigen-specific CD4 + and CD8 + T cells following pathogen challenge or in graft-versus-host disease (GvHD) settings, suggesting that these costimulatory pathways may be co-opted to improve CAR-T cell persistence and function. (houstonmethodist.org)
  • or actively by prior immunization of the recipient with graft antigens which evoke specific antibodies and form antigen-antibody complexes which bind to the antigen receptor sites of the T-cells and block their cytotoxic activity. (lookformedical.com)
  • SIRPα-Fc-CD40L bound CD47 and CD40 with high affinity and activated CD40 signaling in the absence of Fc receptor cross-linking. (aacrjournals.org)
  • CD86 expression is modest in resting B cells, but it rises in response to BCR, CD40, IL-4R, LPS receptor, or 2-adrenergic receptor stimulation. (cusabio.com)
  • This hypermethylation affects the binding of transcription factors including those involved in exit from the GC reaction and involves pathways such as B cell receptor, antigen presentation, CD40, and others. (c3m-nice.fr)
  • Interaction of CD40L with its receptor CD40 induces proliferation of and isotype switching in B lymphocytes. (abbiosciences.com)
  • CD40L is produced as homotrimeric membrane anchored protein each of the three membrane proximal stalk regions can be sequentially proteolyzed to generate the soluble trimeric protein which retains full binding activity to its receptor, CD40. (abbiosciences.com)
  • CD27 is a 50 kDa member of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor superfamily that includes CD40 and CD30. (thermofisher.com)
  • The binding of CD154 (CD40L) on TH cells to CD40 activates antigen presenting cells and induces a variety of downstream effects. (wikipedia.org)
  • The secondary signal is CD40L (CD154) on the Th1 cell which binds CD40 on the macrophage cell surface. (wikipedia.org)
  • CD40 also interacts with CD40L, due to the role of CD40 in stimulating immune synapses when this interaction happens with CD40L activates dendritic cells to activate antigen specific T cells. (wikipedia.org)
  • Antigen-specific CD40L-activated B cells may efficiently endocytose and present antigens, such as protein, RNA, and cDNA, to prime primary T cells and boost robust memory T-cell responses [ 9 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • However, little is known whether CD40L-activated B cells may present HBV antigen to T cells. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Murine SIRPα-Fc-CD40L outperformed CD47 blocking and CD40 agonist antibodies in murine CT26 tumor models and synergized with immune checkpoint blockade of PD-1 and CTLA4. (aacrjournals.org)
  • The CD40L gene is located in the X-chromosome. (abbiosciences.com)
  • The HB14 antibody has been reported to promote B cell proliferation in the presence of anti-IgM, IL-4 or PMA, partially block CD40 binding to CD40L and rescue B cells from apoptosis. (biolegend.com)
  • Additional reported applications (for the relevant formats) include: costimulation of B cell proliferation, partial inhibition of CD40 binding to CD40L, and prevention of B cell apoptosis. (biolegend.com)
  • Knock-out mice lacking various aspects of pathways important in Th1 and Tfh development and function were used to demonstrate that T-bet, CD40, CD40L, and MHCII mediated protection from RVFV encephalitis, while IFN- and IL-12 were dispensable. (cdc.gov)
  • Anti-tumor efficacy of T cells engineered to express chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) is dependent on their specificity, survival, and in vivo expansion following adoptive transfer. (houstonmethodist.org)
  • Human derived T lymphocytes engineered to express chimeric antigen receptors, which are expanded in vitro culture and then infused into patients exerting robust cytotoxicity after tumor antigen recognition and subsequent activation. (biomedcentral.com)
  • After cloning the antibody genes into an expression vector, this is then transfected into an appropriate host cell line for antibody expression. (cellsignal.com)
  • Alessio M, Ghigo D, Garbarino G, Geuna M, Malavasi F: Analysis of the human CD36 leucocyte differentiation antigen by means of the monoclonal antibody NL07. (exbio.cz)
  • ScFv is the antigen-binding domain of CAR structure, which is composed of a single heavy and light chain of monoclonal antibody connected by a linker. (biomedcentral.com)
  • This CD86 antibody was made by transfecting human CD86 monoclonal antibody gene-vector clones into a cell line for in vitro expression, then purifying the antibody using affinity chromatography from the tissue culture supernatant (TCS). (cusabio.com)
  • The same antibody molecule can cross-react with related antigens if their epitopes are similar enough to those of the original antigen. (msdmanuals.com)
  • After first encountering an antigen, B-2 cells undergo clonal expansion and, with the help of T cells, produce high-affinity IgM antibodies . (creative-biolabs.com)
  • These B-2 cells undergo affinity maturation in the germinal center and, through gene rearrangement and high-frequency mutation, generate memory B cells and long-lived plasma cells that continuously produce high-affinity IgM antibodies. (creative-biolabs.com)
  • One approach is to use an analysis system of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) to analyze the antigen specificity of circulating IgM + memory B cells (mBCs), in order to avoid interference from natural antibodies. (creative-biolabs.com)
  • Another approach involves treating cells with fluorescent beads that bind to antigens to detect B cells expressing monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) at a single-cell level. (creative-biolabs.com)
  • IgM immunoglobulin therapy may modulate autoimmunity and inflammation, but production of antigen-specific IgM antibodies for therapeutic use remains challenging. (creative-biolabs.com)
  • The germinal centre (GC) response is characterized by regulated production of high affinity, class-switched antibodies in response to T-cell dependent antigens. (sustech.edu.cn)
  • Here we demonstrate that B cell-specific deletion of RBP hnRNP F leads to diminished production of class-switched antibodies with high affinities in response to a TD antigen challenge. (sustech.edu.cn)
  • Antibodies recognize specific configurations (epitopes, or antigenic determinants) on the surfaces of antigens (eg, proteins, polysaccharides, nucleic acids). (msdmanuals.com)
  • Antibodies and antigens fit tightly together because their shape and other surface properties (eg, charge) are complementary. (msdmanuals.com)
  • 135 antibodies against 65 mainly immunoregulatory proteins, we of a multitude of different genes (8, 9). (lu.se)
  • As a result, the macrophage expresses more CD40 and TNF receptors on its surface which helps increase the level of activation. (wikipedia.org)
  • Lipopeptides act as immunomodulators by interacting with pattern recognition receptors (PRRs), such as Toll-like receptors (TLRs), expressed on antigen-presenting cells (macrophages and dendritic cells) to activate immune functions [ 14 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • High expression levels of CD27 appear to be dependent on proper ligation of antigen receptors. (thermofisher.com)
  • Antigen-specific ligation of T-cell receptors induces effector mechanisms that either directly or indirectly promote lysis of infected cells. (cdc.gov)
  • These therapeutic methods, including but not limited to oncolytic virus therapies, T-cell therapies and cancer vaccines, are based on the body's ability to recognize mutated antigen peptides presented on the cell surface by MCH-receptors (also known as HLA-receptors in humans) and the disposal of the malignant cells by cytotoxic T-cells. (helsinki.fi)
  • Cluster of differentiation 40, CD40 is a type I transmembrane protein found on antigen-presenting cells and is required for their activation. (wikipedia.org)
  • CD40 (protein) has been shown to interact with TRAF2, TRAF3, TRAF6, TRAF5 and TTRAP. (wikipedia.org)
  • Upon CD40 engagement, activates NF-kappa-B signaling pathway via phospholipase C and protein kinase C activation. (cusabio.com)
  • Here authors show that the GC response is not only regulated at the transcriptional and protein levels, but also by the RNA-binding protein hnRNP F via alternative splicing of the co-stimulatory molecule CD40. (sustech.edu.cn)
  • The protein encoded by this gene represents the beta subunit and is a type I membrane protein. (cancer-genetics.org)
  • What does this gene/protein do? (cancer-genetics.org)
  • What pathways are this gene/protein implicaed in? (cancer-genetics.org)
  • Subsequent genomic sequence analysis of multiple genes including elongation factor 3, a component of fungi protein synthesis not found in protozoa, further supported this notion. (medscape.com)
  • The expression of MMR genes (MSH2, MLH1, MSH6 and PSM2) and co-stimulatory molecule CD80 was assessed by tissue microarray immunohistochemistry. (oncotarget.com)
  • Roles of T cell-B-cell-activating molecule (5c8 antigen) and CD40 in contact-dependent help. (abbiosciences.com)
  • Consistent with its widespread expression on normal cells, CD40 is also expressed on a wide range of tumor cells, including non-Hodgkin's and Hodgkin's lymphomas, myeloma and some carcinomas including nasopharynx, bladder, cervix, kidney and ovary. (wikipedia.org)
  • In addition, tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) produced by irradiated tumor cells can be captured by antigen-presenting cells (APCs) in the TME and presented to T cells. (nature.com)
  • This master thesis is a part of a project aiming to set up immunoaffinity-purification/MS based method in order to analyse the ligandome and determine T-cell recognized cancer associated antigens from tumor cells. (helsinki.fi)
  • Early evidence for these effects were that in CD40 or CD154 deficient mice, there is little class switching or germinal centre formation, and immune responses are severely inhibited. (wikipedia.org)
  • CD40 is also expressed on B cell precursors in the bone marrow, and there is some evidence that CD40-CD154 interactions may play a role in the control of B cell haematopoiesis. (wikipedia.org)
  • CD40 is a 48 kD type I glycoprotein also known as BP50. (biolegend.com)
  • Their expression in tumour cells is modulated by a complex interplay of genomic, transcriptomic and post translational factors involving multiple intracellular antigen processing pathways. (portlandpress.com)
  • Although dendritic cells (DCs) are the most potent antigen-presenting cells involved in numerous physiologic and pathologic processes, little is known about the signaling pathways that regulate DC activation and antigen-presenting function. (ox.ac.uk)
  • A key mechanism of immune evasion deployed by tumour cells is to reduce neoantigen presentation through down-regulation of the antigen presentation machinery. (portlandpress.com)
  • The B cell can present antigens to helper T cells. (wikipedia.org)
  • CD40 is constitutively expressed by antigen presenting cells, including dendritic cells, B cells and macrophages. (wikipedia.org)
  • We describe the first report of RNA sequencing of 5' capped (Pol II) RNAs isolated from acutely hepatitis C virus (HCV) infected Huh 7.5 cells that provides a general approach to identifying differentially expressed annotated and unannotated genes that participate in viral-host interactions. (mdpi.com)
  • The roles of antigen-specificity, responsiveness to TGFβ and APC subsets in tumour-induced expansion of regulatory T cells. (imperial.ac.uk)
  • EBV miRNAs also inhibit the expression of viral antigens, thereby enabling infected cells to escape immune recognition. (ijbs.com)
  • CD36 is expressed by most resting marginal zone B cells but not by follicular and B1 B cells, and it is rapidly induced on follicular B cells in vitro upon TLR and CD40 stimulation. (exbio.cz)
  • However, relapse of primary disease remains a major obstacle after CAR T cells therapy, and the majority of relapses present a tumor phenotype with retention of target antigen (antigen-positive relapse), which highly correlate with poor CAR T cells persistence. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In the germinal center, B-2 cells acquire highly diverse antigen specificity through gene rearrangement and high-frequency mutation. (creative-biolabs.com)
  • Efficient antigen presentation by antigen presenting cells (APCs) is critical for inducing T-cell mediated immunity in vivo [ 1 , 2 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Committed stem cells can mature to become antigen-processing cells, with some possessing phagocytic capabilities. (medscape.com)
  • The importance of dendritic cells in presenting antigens to T and B lymphocytes is increasingly recognized. (medscape.com)
  • [ 11 ] Immature dendritic cells respond to GM-CSF (not to macrophage colony-stimulating factor [M-CSF]) and become committed to generating dendritic cells, which are "professional" antigen-presenting cells (APCs). (medscape.com)
  • [ 12 ] These cells can capture antigen and migrate to lymphoid organs, where they present the antigens to naive T cells. (medscape.com)
  • Effective induction of antigen-specific T-cell responses requires interaction between the dendritic cells and T lymphocytes to prime the latter cells for expansion and subsequent immune responses. (medscape.com)
  • The experiments Robinson reported used a gene directing cells to produce GM-CSF (granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor), which is supposed to activate dendritic cells. (emoryhealthsciblog.com)
  • B-cell antigens are expressed on the immature cells that make up the tumor in virtually all cases of Burkitt lymphoma. (lookformedical.com)
  • Here, we show that TET2 deficiency leads to DNA hypermethylation of regulatory elements in GC B cells, associated with silencing of the respective genes. (c3m-nice.fr)
  • CD40 has been reported to be involved in B cell differentiation, costimulation, isotype class-switching, and protection of B cells from apoptosis. (biolegend.com)
  • The cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) typically express CD8 and induce apoptosis of cells on which they recognize foreign antigens presented by MHC class I molecules, providing a defense against intracellular pathogens such as viruses. (cdc.gov)
  • and, in response to antigen, are subsequently secreted by plasma cells. (msdmanuals.com)
  • When DCs were fixed, this inhibitory effect of IKK2dn was lost, suggesting that IKK2 is involved in T-cell-derived signals that enhance DC antigen presentation during the allogeneic MLR period and does not have an effect on viability or differentiation state of DCs prior to coculture with T cells. (ox.ac.uk)
  • The mucosal immune system is uniquely regulated to manage its constant exposure to viruses, parasites, and bacterial antigens, all of which are in close proximity to a large reservoir of lymphocytes, macrophages, and dendritic cells. (medscape.com)
  • CD40 is also essential for directing the humoral response to T-cell-dependent antigens. (nih.gov)
  • The expression of CD40 is diverse. (wikipedia.org)
  • Increased gene expression levels for IFN-γ, IL-4 and IL-10 in new-onset patients from at-risk patients might be used as potential markers for progression of the disease. (indexindex.com)
  • Four latency types (0, I, II, III) are defined depending on the expression pattern of EBV latent genes, and at the same time are linked to a particular tumor type [ 6 , 7 ]. (ijbs.com)
  • miRNAs are able to post-transcriptionally control gene expression by binding to target mRNAs [ 15 ]. (ijbs.com)
  • Mechanistically, hnRNP F directly binds to the G-tracts of Cd40 pre-mRNA to promote the inclusion of Cd40 exon 6 that encodes its transmembrane domain, thus enabling appropriate CD40 cell surface expression. (sustech.edu.cn)
  • Search the gene expression profiles from curated DataSets in the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) repository. (cancer-genetics.org)
  • The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) LUAD data set was used to explore associations among B-cell infiltration, PD-L1 expression, clinical outcome, and gene landscape. (cancer-genetics.org)
  • Postinternalization inhibition of adenovirus gene expression and infectious virus production in human T-cell lines. (southernbiotech.com)
  • 3. Translational research - to identify predictive biomarkers for treatment decision - by immunohistochemistry, gene expression or sequencing. (lu.se)
  • Mutations in transcript isoforms of the neurofibromatosis 2 gene in multiple human tumour types. (nih.gov)
  • Mutations affecting this gene are the cause of autosomal recessive hyper-IgM immunodeficiency. (wikipedia.org)
  • Its mutations of this gene, though rare, is known to be responsible for the X-linked hyper-IgM syndrome in human. (abbiosciences.com)
  • 11. Kawabata A, Momoi Y, Inoue-Murayama M, Iwasaki T. Canine mdr1 gene mutation in Japan. (southernbiotech.com)
  • In autosomal recessive hyper-IgM syndrome with CD40 mutation, manifestations are similar to those of the X-linked form. (msdmanuals.com)
  • MHC-I and MHC-II proteins are key components of the antigen presentation machinery responsible for neoantigen presentation to CD8 + and CD4 + T lymphocytes, respectively. (portlandpress.com)
  • A group of heterogeneous lymphoid tumors generally expressing one or more B-cell antigens or representing malignant transformations of B-lymphocytes. (lookformedical.com)
  • Human peripheral blood lymphocytes stained with CD40 (clone HB14) PE/Cyanine7 (filled histogram) or mouse IgG1, κ PE/Cyanine7 isotype control (open histogram). (biolegend.com)
  • All of his Immunology and Antigen, T cell, Interleukin 4, Inflammation and Heligmosomoides polygyrus investigations are sub-components of the entire Immunology study. (research.com)
  • genes in peripheral blood of at-risk, new-onset and long-term type 1 DM , and healthy controls. (indexindex.com)
  • Localization of the ornithine aminotransferase gene and related sequences on two human chromosomes. (nih.gov)
  • Importantly, the concurrent activation of iMC (with rimiducid) and CAR (by antigen recognition) is required for interleukin (IL)-2 production and robust CAR-T cell expansion and may provide a user-controlled mechanism to amplify CAR-T cell levels in vivo and augment anti-tumor efficacy. (houstonmethodist.org)
  • His Interleukin 4 research is multidisciplinary, relying on both Inflammation and Antigen-presenting cell. (research.com)
  • His Antigen research includes themes of Cell, In vitro, Cellular differentiation, In vivo and Heligmosomoides polygyrus. (research.com)
  • Febrile or phlogistic reactions are thought to be secondary to immune aggregates that fix IgG-aggregate or IgG-antigen complement complexes. (medscape.com)
  • Intriguingly, EBV miRNAs directly suppress host antiviral immunity by interfering with antigen presentation and immune cell activation. (ijbs.com)
  • Ikappa B kinase 2 but not NF-kappa B-inducing kinase is essential for effective DC antigen presentation in the allogeneic mixed lymphocyte reaction. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Using an adenoviral gene transfer method to efficiently express dominant-negative (dn) forms of these molecules in monocyte-derived DCs, we found that IKK2dn but not NIKdn inhibited the allogeneic MLR. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Cellular Components of the Immune System The immune system consists of cellular components and molecular components that work together to destroy antigens. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Other genes that have been associated with Graves' disease help regulate the immune system or are involved in normal thyroid function. (medlineplus.gov)
  • RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) have emerged as critical players in post-transcriptional gene regulation. (sustech.edu.cn)
  • Les concentrations sériques de sCD40L circulant et d'interleukine 10 circulante ont été analysées à l'aide de la méthode immuno-enzymatique chez 30 patients positifs pour le VHC avec un CHC, chez 30 patients patients positifs pour le VHC avec une cirrhose du foie, et chez 30 volontaires d'âge correspondant en bonne santé avec des anticorps anti-VHC négatifs servant de groupe témoin. (who.int)
  • An immune response with both cellular and humoral components, directed against an allogeneic transplant, whose tissue antigens are not compatible with those of the recipient. (lookformedical.com)
  • The basis of the experiment was an attempt to produce mouse mAbs against differentiation antigens that could be used to describe the stages of lymphocyte differentiation and the various functional cell subsets. (wikipedia.org)
  • His study in Cell biology is interdisciplinary in nature, drawing from both Cellular differentiation, CD40, Th2 response, Antigen-presenting cell and In vivo. (research.com)
  • His research integrates issues of Cell, Dendritic cell, Antigen, Th2 response and CD40 in his study of Cell biology. (research.com)
  • The Cell biology study combines topics in areas such as Cell growth, Dendritic cell, Antigen, Chemokine and Circadian rhythm. (research.com)
  • These data illustrated that whereas CD47/SIRPα inhibition could potentiate tumor cell phagocytosis, CD40-mediated activation of a type I interferon response provided a bridge between macrophage- and T-cell-mediated immunity that significantly enhanced durable tumor control and rejection. (aacrjournals.org)
  • the genetic control of immune responses to T cell epitopes with respect to MHC and non-MHC linked genes. (imperial.ac.uk)
  • Won WJ, Bachmann MF, Kearney JF: CD36 Is Differentially Expressed on B Cell Subsets during Development and in Responses to Antigen. (exbio.cz)
  • Disease relapse following CAR T cell therapy can be categorized into two major patterns: target antigen loss relapse or antigen-positive relapse. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The majority of mantle-cell lymphomas are associated with a t(11;14) translocation resulting in overexpression of the CYCLIN D1 gene (GENES, BCL-1). (lookformedical.com)
  • TET2 deficiency reprograms the germinal center B cell epigenome and silences genes linked to lymphomagenesis. (c3m-nice.fr)
  • Additionally, CD40 is important for T cell-B cell interactions. (biolegend.com)
  • TCRs can recognize fragments of antigen attached to MHC on the surface of an APC. (medscape.com)
  • Our study reports a novel association of SNPs within CD86 and CTLA4 genes with pemphigus. (cusabio.com)
  • The diversity of disorders involving the GI tract speaks to the differing forms of immune regulation along the length of the intestine, and the varying nature of the challenge (ie, food antigens in the small bowel and commensal flora in the colon). (medscape.com)
  • The remaining member of TRAF4 family, namely TRAF4, positively regulates CD40 signalling, but interacts with CD40 indirectly. (wikipedia.org)
  • Genomic defects in DNA mismatch repair (MMR) genes (MSH2, MLH1, PSM2 or MSH6) and consequent high-frequency microsatellite instability (MSI) characterize the HNPCC syndrome [ 1 , 2 ]. (oncotarget.com)
  • Donor and recipient pairs should be of identical ABO blood group, and in addition should be matched as closely as possible for HISTOCOMPATIBILITY ANTIGENS in order to minimize the likelihood of allograft rejection. (lookformedical.com)
  • Analysis of the neurofibromatosis 2 gene in human ependymomas and astrocytomas. (nih.gov)
  • These findings are compared and contrasted with CD40 signaling, which employs similar signaling conduits to achieve distinct cellular outcomes in the context of the germinal center response. (nih.gov)
  • They are generated by immunizing an animal with an antigen to elicit an immune response. (cellsignal.com)
  • 2. Interferon γ cytokine secretion was determined by ELISPOT to assess PBMC response against known antigens in a preliminary experiment to approximate usable range for the following antigen specific PBMC assays. (helsinki.fi)