TemperatureLipidLatent Heat oSaturationTemperaturesVaporProcessesTheoreticalUndergoesOccursProteinsSituPathwaysDiagramSubstanceParametersModelingMembrane fusionBulkPublicationElectrostaticBilayerEnthalpyMethodsPressuresTopologicalMechanism1989ExoticRecombinantSensorParticlesSolidThermalOccurLeafletsDifferentialEnergyInitiallyStructuralMolecularPairsFluidSeparationDesignContinuousPointStepsPresentStudyPeriodicTake placeDataEvidenceChangeViruses
Temperature16
- Further evidence cited in favor of this theory is the fact that certain lipid mixtures have been shown to only support fusion when raised above the transition temperature of these inverted phases. (wikipedia.org)
- The testing suite included leading scientific applications focused on molecular dynamics, high-temperature superconductivity, nuclear fusion and combustion. (scientific-computing.com)
- Our approach is aims to determine the crystal structure characteristics, phase transitions and other parameters strongly correlated to variations of temperature and pressure. (upm.es)
- But at the microscale, shock compression creates many other important consequences, such as causing temporary or permanent deformations, inducing phase transitions, and greatly increasing temperature, all of which can provide invaluable information both about the structure of a material and how it responds to stress. (spie.org)
- The system phase space is temperature-line and continuous. (scirp.org)
- The heat capacity and phase transitions of 2-methyltetrahydrofuran in the temperature range from 7 to 350 K were measured using adiabatic calorimetry. (researchgate.net)
- The temperature at which the phase transition occurs is the melting point . (nuclear-power.com)
- The phase of a given substance depends on the pressure and temperature. (openstax.org)
- Thus, plots of pressure versus temperature showing the phase in each region provide considerable insight into thermal properties of substances. (openstax.org)
- Using the graph, if you know the pressure and temperature, you can determine the phase of water. (openstax.org)
- Water has the unusual property that ice is less dense than liquid water at the melting point, so at a fixed temperature, you can change the phase from solid (ice) to liquid (water) by increasing the pressure. (openstax.org)
- That is, the melting temperature of ice falls with increased pressure, as the phase diagram shows. (openstax.org)
- As you learned in the earlier section on thermometers and temperature scales, the triple point is the combination of temperature and pressure at which ice, liquid water, and water vapor can coexist stably-that is, all three phases exist in equilibrium. (openstax.org)
- On the other hand, two-dimensional systems with positional order at vanishing temperature may show a melting scenario including three phases solid/hexatic/fluid with transitions driven by a unbinding mechanism of topological defects according to the Kosterlitz-Thouless-Halperin-Nelson-Young (KTHNY)-theory. (uniandes.edu.co)
- If the interaction potential is logarithmic, then the system on the flat plane and the sphere is exactly solvable at a special temperature located at the fluid phase. (uniandes.edu.co)
- In this study, we investigate the changes in the permeability of the recombinant fusion protein vesicles with different membrane structures as a function of solution temperature. (bvsalud.org)
Lipid6
- In membrane biology, fusion is the process by which two initially distinct lipid bilayers merge their hydrophobic cores, resulting in one interconnected structure. (wikipedia.org)
- Fusion is involved in many cellular processes, particularly in eukaryotes since the eukaryotic cell is extensively sub-divided by lipid bilayer membranes. (wikipedia.org)
- In the fusion process, the lipid head group is not only involved in charge density, but can affect dehydration and defect nucleation. (wikipedia.org)
- The preservation of liposomes by raffinose family oligosaccharides during drying is mediated by effects on fusion and lipid phase transitions. (mpg.de)
- phase transition behavior of the lipid membranes which in turn controlled receptor binding affinity toward the enzyme-inhibiting PF 573228 mediator species. (conferencedequebec.org)
- Within this research we survey an study of this system's enzymatic activity in response to several conditions and chemicals adjustment from the system's lipid structure while monitoring the stage transition temperatures and detection with the designed enzymatic response of stage transitions set off by liposome PF 573228 fusion. (conferencedequebec.org)
Latent Heat o3
- Latent Heat of Fusion of Dysprosium is 11.06 kJ/mol . (material-properties.org)
- unit: J) also known as the (latent) heat of fusion . (material-properties.org)
- Latent Heat of Fusion of Krypton is 1.638 kJ/mol . (nuclear-power.com)
Saturation2
- Methane (CH4) hydrate growth and dissociation in partially water- and gas-saturated Bentheim sandstone were spatially resolved using Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), which allows the in situ monitoring of saturation and phase transitions. (acs.org)
- Values of molar heat capacity at saturation pressure of the condensed phases, transition and melting temperatures, and enthalpies of transition and fusion were measured by adiabatic calorimetry. (cdc.gov)
Temperatures2
- D-mannitol and adipic acid, present different phase change temperatures, 164 ° C for D-mannitol and 152 ° C for adipic acid. (scirp.org)
- The solid curves-boundaries between phases-indicate phase transitions, that is, temperatures and pressures at which the phases coexist. (openstax.org)
Vapor2
- At the boiling point the two phases of a substance, liquid and vapor, have identical free energies and therefore are equally likely to exist. (material-properties.org)
- Figure 1.12 The phase diagram ( pT graph) for water shows solid (s), liquid (l), and vapor (v) phases. (openstax.org)
Processes8
- Exocytosis, fertilization of an egg by sperm and transport of waste products to the lysosome are a few of the many eukaryotic processes that rely on some form of fusion. (wikipedia.org)
- In a large number of technical processes involving droplets and particles, transition processes take place between solid, liquid and gaseous. (uni-bremen.de)
- Typical examples of such disperse phase transition processes are atomization processes with the aim of particle generation through solidification of the droplets or the local welding of particles in additive manufacturing to form parts. (uni-bremen.de)
- The modeling of these processes on the basis of heat, momentum and mass transfer with the integration of different scale solidification models (also based on the phase field method) allows the identification of process paths for the setting of specific properties. (uni-bremen.de)
- Here, we report for the first time that resonance in dynamic-mode cantilever sensors persists in hydrogels and enables the real-time characterization of hydrogel viscoelastic properties and the continuous monitoring of sol-gel phase transitions (i.e., gelation and dissolution processes). (aip.org)
- Freeze desalination which is a new trend in desalination due to the very low energy of fusion which is only 1/7th of the latent heat which consumed during thermal processes. (ku.ac.ae)
- In Bacillus subtilis the DegS-DegU two-component regulatory system controls various processes that characterize the transition form the exponential to the stationary growth phase, including the induction of extracellular degradative enzymes, expression of late competence genes and down regulation of the sigma D regulon, which encompasses the genes involved in motility, chemotaxis and autolysin production. (uni-marburg.de)
- Membrane fusion is one of the most fundamental processes in biological system involved in cargo transport PF 573228 through secretory pathways fertilization organelle inheritance and viral access into host cells [17-22] but there have been few reports of a molecular device sensing membrane fusion. (conferencedequebec.org)
Theoretical3
- The aim of the conference is to provide a discussion forum covering all areas of fusion-oriented theoretical activities. (cern.ch)
- ABSTRACT: Our goal is to develop theoretical frameworks for efficient multisensor fusion of high dimensional data for target detection localization and tracking. (sbir.gov)
- Phase transitions play an important theoretical and practical role in the study of heat flow. (openstax.org)
Undergoes3
- Therefore plasma is viewed as the fourth state of matter, following the idea that as heat is added to a solid, it undergoes a phase transition to a liquid. (gsi.de)
- As a consequence the investigated sample undergoes a number of phase transitions during the experiment. (gsi.de)
- Here, we found that the C-terminus of IRS-1 undergoes liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS). (nature.com)
Occurs3
- Depending on whether hemifusion or full fusion occurs, the internal contents of the membranes may mix at this point as well. (wikipedia.org)
- In the environment that we are used to, matter occurs predominantly in the solid, liquid or gaseous phase. (gsi.de)
- If more heat is added the phase transition to a gas occurs. (gsi.de)
Proteins3
- Even the entry of pathogens can be governed by fusion, as many bilayer-coated viruses have dedicated fusion proteins to gain entry into the host cell. (wikipedia.org)
- In addition to maintaining specific organelle structures, phase separation enables hub proteins to assemble signalosomes which promote the speed of signaling outputs 11 , 12 . (nature.com)
- Since these intrinsically disordered regions, which are conformationally dynamic and do not adopt stable secondary or tertiary structures, are often essential for mediating the phase transition of proteins 9 , it is therefore of interest to consider if the C-terminus of IRS-1 is involved in phase separation and to further delineate such implications upon insulin/IGF signaling. (nature.com)
Situ1
- and intertransverse process in situ fusion with or without instrumentation. (medscape.com)
Pathways1
- However, the roles of phase separation in the regulation of many other signaling pathways await further exploration. (nature.com)
Diagram4
- A broad area of the phase diagram below the the shock adiabates including the critical point region, states of expanded hot liquid and strongly coupled plasma as well as warm dense matter region is still unexplored experimentally. (gsi.de)
- Figure 1.12 shows the phase diagram for water. (openstax.org)
- The phase diagram of water is unusual because the melting-point curve has a negative slope, showing that you can melt ice by increasing the pressure. (openstax.org)
- Measuring membrane fluctuations allows determining the membrane bare bending rigidity of a membrane patch and is complementary to phase diagram measurements and SANS [1]. (lu.se)
Substance1
- Latent heat is the amount of heat added to or removed from a substance to produce a change in phase. (material-properties.org)
Parameters2
Modeling1
- In this article, learn about how to leverage the different modeling methods in Fusion 360. (allaboutcircuits.com)
Membrane fusion4
- The flavivirus membrane fusion machinery, like that of many other enveloped viruses, is triggered by the acidic pH in endosomes after virus uptake by receptor-mediated endocytosis. (rupress.org)
- When an effective fusogen anionic polymer was added to these cationic liposomes membrane fusion occurred and the functionalized liposomal membranes responded with changes in enzymatic activity thus serving as an effective nanosensory device for liposome fusion detection. (conferencedequebec.org)
- This paper reports the construction of a bio-inspired molecular device that senses membrane fusion by changes in membrane-bound enzyme activity. (conferencedequebec.org)
- Still left and right statistics represent on and off-states of L -lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) before and after membrane fusion … Body 3. (conferencedequebec.org)
Bulk3
- Good confinement of the bulk plasma and fusion-generated alpha particles are two basic design properties of a fusion reactor. (cern.ch)
- In most fusion-revelant cases, bulk ions are typically in the sqrt(v) regime, and the superbanana orbits are the mechanism behind prompt energetic ion losses. (cern.ch)
- We have demonstrated by x-ray diffraction that fluid-fluid phase separation in ternary DOPC / DPPC / cholesterol mixtures can be induced in bulk phases by. (lu.se)
Publication1
- The pandemic had particularly slowed the rollout of wind power, the group said in a press release on its latest publication of the "Energiewende-Index," which tracks the progress of Germany's transition. (cleanenergywire.org)
Electrostatic2
- One role on these ions in the fusion process is to shield the negative charge on the surface of the bilayer, diminishing electrostatic repulsion and allowing the membranes to approach each other. (wikipedia.org)
- Whatever the mechanism of calcium-induced fusion, the initial interaction is clearly electrostatic, since zwitterionic lipids are not susceptible to this effect. (wikipedia.org)
Bilayer3
- Alternatively, if only one leaflet from each bilayer is involved in the fusion process, the bilayers are said to be hemifused. (wikipedia.org)
- The presence of the uncharged headgroup phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) increases fusion when incorporated into a phosphatidylcholine bilayer. (wikipedia.org)
- We have studied the effects of pressure on the gel-fluid transition in sphingomyelin bilayer membranes, and have found that the ordering of the chains and the development of the ripples on forming the gel phase occur on different timescales. (lu.se)
Enthalpy1
- The enthalpy of fusion is a function of the pressure at which that transformation takes place. (nuclear-power.com)
Methods1
- METHODS: A 2-phase literature review search included a search of systematic reviews (2010-2018) for individual qualifying articles (Phase 1) and a search for individual articles on topics not addressed by a review (2010-2020) or that needed an update because they were in a review that was older (2010-2016) or showed insufficient evidence (Phase 2). (cdc.gov)
Pressures1
- This graph is simplified-it omits several exotic phases of ice at higher pressures. (openstax.org)
Topological1
- Such QLR order associated to the orientational order of the system, is lost when topological defects activated by thermal fluctuations begin to unbind in pairs producing a transition. (uniandes.edu.co)
Mechanism1
- Fusion is also an important mechanism for transport of lipids from their site of synthesis to the membrane where they are needed. (wikipedia.org)
19893
- In 1989/1990, during the year following the announcement of cold fusion, the Belgium Ministry of defence sequestered a series of advanced gas loaded LENR patents and all related research papers. (coldfusionnow.org)
- What affect would these early LENR patents and related scientific papers have had if they had reached mainstream news or the cold fusion scientific community in 1989? (coldfusionnow.org)
- Dear Dr. Rossi, I send you a link to read some articles about the history of cold fusion since 1989. (journal-of-nuclear-physics.com)
Exotic1
- This topic also remains controversial, and even if there is a curved structure present in the fusion process, there is debate in the literature over whether it is a cubic, hexagonal or more exotic extended phase. (wikipedia.org)
Recombinant2
- Using the mutational analysis of recombinant subviral particles of tick-borne encephalitis virus, we provide direct experimental evidence that the initiation of fusion is crucially dependent on the protonation of one of the conserved histidines (His323) at the interface between domains I and III of E, leading to the dissolution of domain interactions and to the exposure of the fusion peptide. (rupress.org)
- The protein vesicles are self-assembled from recombinant fusion protein complexes composed of an mCherry fused with a glutamic acid-rich leucine zipper and a counter arginine-rich leucine zipper fused with an elastin-like polypeptide (ELP). (bvsalud.org)
Sensor1
- The cytoplasmic localisation of the DegS protein raised the following question: what are the molecular mechanisms underlying the perceiption of a certain stimuli from the environment and their transition to the sensor kinase. (uni-marburg.de)
Particles1
- In turn, fusion-born alpha particles are expected to contribute to heat the plasma, which requires their confinement time to be sufficiently long. (cern.ch)
Solid1
- The liquid phase has higher internal energy than the solid phase. (nuclear-power.com)
Thermal8
- An experimental installation was used with a cylindrical vessel with three tubes disposed almost horizontally (5° inclination), containing the phase change material, around which the thermal fluid flowed almost perpendicular to the tubes. (scirp.org)
- The use of phase change materials as a form of energy storage dates back to the 1970s, when they were used as thermal capacitors in lunar vehicles [1]. (scirp.org)
- Phase change materials have been gaining significant importance in the world of technology, and in the world of thermal energy. (scirp.org)
- The use of phase change materials (PCMs) for thermal energy storage facilitates the use of solar systems even at low solar radiation periods, or the storage of surplus discarded thermal energy, available from any other type of source or plant [6] [7]. (scirp.org)
- Sioshansi and Denholm [10] analyzed the economic impact of the introduction of a thermal energy storage system in concentrated solar energy plants, while Nithyanandam e Pitchumani [11] carried out a detailed economic analysis of the use of phase change materials in concentrated solar plants. (scirp.org)
- There are many problems with the PCMs, namely due to their low thermal conductivities, low chemical stability, their corrosion capacity towards the storage reservoir materials and large volume variations associated to the change of phases. (scirp.org)
- The heating experiments for the phase change material (PCM) under study were carried out in a laboratory installation where hot thermal oil, the Therminol 66, transferred heat towards the PCM under analysis, which was placed inside a set of three transversal pipes with a slight slope to the horizontal. (scirp.org)
- Any addition of thermal energy results in a phase transition. (material-properties.org)
Occur1
- According to the stalk hypothesis of fusion, a highly curved bridge must form between the two bilayers for fusion to occur. (wikipedia.org)
Leaflets1
- If this fusion proceeds completely through both leaflets of both bilayers, an aqueous bridge is formed and the internal contents of the two structures can mix. (wikipedia.org)
Differential1
- When phase point trajectory dimension is 1, differential equation can be used to handle this case. (scirp.org)
Energy6
- First, small radial energy fluxes are necessary for the plasma to achieve fusion-relevant conditions. (cern.ch)
- or mole number of such Ni-H atomic fusions, as hydrogen atom is losing its identity, binding energy of electron is converted into heat energy of ~1.3×106 joules. (journal-of-nuclear-physics.com)
- In: "Conference on Laser Inertial Fusion Energy (CLIFE 2012)", 26/04/2012 - 27/04/2012, Yokohama, Japón. (upm.es)
- The practical application of man made plasmas is very extensive and ranges from material modification, surface cleaning, and micro fabrication of electronic components to the future prospects of energy production in fusion plasmas. (gsi.de)
- The coronavirus pandemic has created new problems for Germany's energy transition, according to management consultancy McKinsey. (cleanenergywire.org)
- The goal is to gain more fundamental of the freezing as quenching will lead to homogenized freezing and trapping the salts while controlled directional freezing enables one to manipulate the diffusion of the brine leading to a lower salinity crystallization and hence taking advantage of low heat of fusion for energy saving. (ku.ac.ae)
Initially1
- Moreover, plant gametes can be reprogrammed to execute the sporophytic development prior to the formation of the diploid stage achieved with the fusion of gametes and thus initially maintain the haploid stage. (nih.gov)
Structural2
- In addition, we demonstrate the mutual relation between the structural phase transition and the polarization. (u-tokyo.ac.jp)
- We use analytical approaches to compute exactly thermodynamic variables and structural properties which enables to study the crossover behaviour from a disordered phases to crystals for small systems finding interesting connections with the Ginibre Ensemble of the random matrix theory. (uniandes.edu.co)
Molecular3
- It has been hypothesized that conserved histidines in the class II fusion protein E of these viruses function as molecular switches and, by their protonation, control the fusion process. (rupress.org)
- Keywords: liposome enzyme liposome fusion self-assembly phase transition molecular device 1 Recently much effort has been devoted to developing nanoscale devices using molecules or molecular devices composed of molecular elements such as switches wires and logic gates and capable of extending current semiconductor technology to nanoscale information technology [1-4]. (conferencedequebec.org)
- Schematic illustration of the bio-inspired molecular gadget that detects liposome fusion by changing the activity of the enzymatic reaction. (conferencedequebec.org)
Pairs1
- In each phase, pairs of subject matter experts applied criteria to review abstracts and full-text articles and extracted data using standardized forms. (cdc.gov)
Fluid1
- It is found a weakly first order transition for the hexatic/fluid transition by using finite size analysis and the multi-histogram method. (uniandes.edu.co)
Separation2
- IGF-1 stimulation enhanced IRS-1 phase separation which then recruited downstream effectors to form insulin/IGF signalosomes. (nature.com)
- Importantly, metabolic disease-derived G972R mutation results in a reduced ability of LLPS, potentially implicating the involvement of aberrant IRS-1 phase separation in various metabolic disorders. (nature.com)
Design4
- Again, this article seeks further discourse on planning fusion, and is not intended to provide design templates for mimicry with the expectation of similar planning results. (smallwarsjournal.com)
- Yet a successful fusion of design and detailed planning should produce a design deliverable that is flexible and provides the organization an ability to adjust, refine, and anticipate as conditions change. (smallwarsjournal.com)
- Learn how to use Fusion 360 to marry the 2D domain of PCB design with the 3D domain of mechanical enclosure design. (allaboutcircuits.com)
- If you look at AMD historically, the place where they've had troubles is [transitioning] from design to manufacturing phase," McCarron said. (itworldcanada.com)
Continuous1
- In this case, the phase point trajectory in phase space is a curve and continuous, of which the dimension is one. (scirp.org)
Point7
- In a physical system, phase point trajectory is impossible to be space-filling curve, of which the dimension is not greater than one. (scirp.org)
- When phase point trajectory dimension is 0, calculus tool is no longer applicable. (scirp.org)
- A point in system phase space represents a system state, which is called phase point. (scirp.org)
- In this case, the phase point trajectory is discrete, of which the dimension is zero. (scirp.org)
- A phase point trajectory of the physical system in phase space can be seen as a function of a one-dimensional timeline mapped to an m-dimensional manifold. (scirp.org)
- In classical mechanics, a point on the timeline corresponds to a point on phase point trajectory, and the system at a time point corresponds to only one state. (scirp.org)
- Phase point trajectory of periodic motion is a closed curve. (scirp.org)
Steps1
- There are four fundamental steps in the fusion process, although each of these steps actually represents a complex sequence of events. (wikipedia.org)
Present1
- Typical conditions occurring in present Inertial Fusion target designs. (upm.es)
Study1
- What if you want to study the conditions that exist at the center of the Earth, in the atmospheric depths of Jupiter, or even just what's going on at the phase transition when a metal begins to melt? (spie.org)
Periodic1
- We perform numerical Monte Carlo simulations of the 2dOCP with inverse power law interactions and periodic boundary conditions finding a hexatic phase for sufficiently large systems. (uniandes.edu.co)
Take place1
- This apparent contradiction was explained by the Kosterlitz-Thouless (KT)-transition for the XY -model showing that transitions may take place in positional isotropic bidimensional systems if they still have quasi-long range (QLR) order. (uniandes.edu.co)
Data1
- This report provides you with the data that allows you to track and predict the specific likelihood of approval (LOA) and phase transition success rate (PTSR) of a drug using GlobalData's proprietary machine learning algorithms developed using over 10 years of historical data. (globaldata.com)
Evidence1
- In contrast, numerical studies of systems featuring lack of positional order in two dimensions showed evidence of phase transitions. (uniandes.edu.co)
Change2
- The goal of this work was to measure the heat transfer rates from thermofluid, Therminol 66, to two phase change materials, D-mannitol and adipic acid. (scirp.org)
- The average heat transfer coefficient, during the phase change process, was of 340 W/(m 2 K) for D-mannitol and 1320 W/(m 2 K) for adipic acid. (scirp.org)
Viruses1
- The entry of enveloped viruses into host cells involves a fusion step between the viral and a cellular membrane. (rupress.org)