AnatomyDiseasesChemicals and DrugsPhenomena and Processes
Femur Head NecrosisFemur HeadFemurHeadNecrosisTumor Necrosis Factor-alpha
FractureProximalThighAcetabulumAvascular Necrosis of the HipFracturesKnown as avascular necrosisArea of the femurPortion of the femurLeft femurBlood supply to the femoral headAseptic necrosisPelvisTibiaNeckIschemicComplicationsOsteonecrosis of the femoral headCollapseRisk FactorsDysplasiaImpingementShaftThighboneDeformityArthritisSocketSurgicalOsteoarthritisEtiologyPerthesSurface of the femoral headInjuriesPrognosisOccursLigamentClinicalDecompressionAnatomicLaterallyMedialInjectionsArteriesTreatmentInvolvementPatientsConditionBall
Fracture17
  • Treatment of non-union, femoral neck fracture, and trochanteric fractures of the proximal femur with head involvement, unmanageable by other techniques. (fda.gov)
  • A hip fracture is a break in the upper portion of the femur (thighbone). (orthoinfo.org)
  • Fractures of the femoral head are rare and are usually the result of a high-impact injury or are part of a fracture dislocation of the hip. (orthoinfo.org)
  • We also performed electromagnetic (EM) computer simulations of virtual prototypes of bone cancer, femur fracture, and diabetic foot ulcers utilizing different frequencies and power applications to build an accurate differential diagnosis. (intechopen.com)
  • During the period of revascularization, the bone is soft and liable to fracture under pressure, causing collapse of the head of the femur. (orthoseek.com)
  • We know that in cases of fracture of the neck of the femur where the circulation to the head is cut off, the head of the femur undergoes avascular necrosis, changes similar to those seen in Perthes disease. (orthoseek.com)
  • More frequently, the child presents because of the fracture of the head of the femur that occurs during the stage of revascularization, The child may present with a painful limp that occurred over days or weeks. (orthoseek.com)
  • Not uncommonly, the patient may go through the whole process of ischaemia with avascular necrosis, revascularization, fracture and collapse, repair and remodelling with no significant symptoms. (orthoseek.com)
  • We recruited 26 patients with femur head necrosis and 22 patients with femur neck fracture in this study. (raypeatforum.com)
  • Much like post-traumatic arthritis, any injury to the hip joint that stifles blood flow to the joint - such as a dislocation or a fracture - can cause a lack of blood supply to the femoral head. (popb.md)
  • The aim of this study is to report the outcome of an adolescent femur shaft fracture treated with a rigid intramedullary interlocking nail in North Indian patients. (ijrsms.com)
  • Although avascular necrosis (AVN) can be the consequence of a traumatic injury to the hip, such as a proximal femur fracture or a hip dislocation, there are a number of non-traumatic factors that can increase an individual's risk of experiencing AVN. (houstonsportsortho.com)
  • Meanwhile, as the bone tissue grows, blood circulation is also introduced into the nail body, which is conducive to preventing the occurrence of fracture nonunion and femoral head necrosis. (strongtantalum.com)
  • A femoral shaft fracture is a crack or break anywhere along the long and straight section of the femur. (drchrisevensen.com)
  • To make a diagnosis, your doctor may take an x-ray to rule out a fracture (as this is often the cause of limited blood flow to the femoral head). (mendmyhip.com)
  • Trauma to the hip joint (i.e. fracture or dislocation) can interrupt the flow of blood to the femoral head, leading to osteonecrosis. (mendmyhip.com)
  • Medially, only the thin bone of the acetabular fossa (Figs 6.71 & 6.72) separates the head of the femur from structures within the pelvis that are vulnerable following acetabular fracture accompanied by medial displacement of the femoral head. (pediagenosis.com)
Proximal5
  • Magnetic resonance imaging at admission showed osteomyelitis of the right acetabulum, with dislocation of the right femoral head with necrosis, and extensive soft tissue and muscular abscesses around the proximal femur and into the right pelvis and lower abdominal retroperitoneum. (cdc.gov)
  • Blood supply to the proximal femur has been reserved with no signs of avascular necrosis. (aofoundation.org)
  • The individual shows disproportionately short stature, with reduced long-bone diaphyseal length especially of both humeri, unfused proximal humerus epiphyses, abnormal development of the shoulder and hip joints, left femoral head necrosis, and unusually gracile left femur and tibia shaft, demonstrating limited mobility and labor capacity. (ntu.edu.sg)
  • If not stopped, this process eventually causes the bone to collapse .Commonly affecting sites includes the head of femur, humerus, proximal tibia and femoral condyles. (ejpmr.com)
  • The proximal femur makes up one side of the hip joint, while the distal femur makes up one side of the knee joint. (hipeducation.com)
Thigh13
  • Located on the posterior side of the hip joint, it is a strong external rotator and adductor of the thigh, but also acts to stabilize the femoral head in the acetabulum. (wikipedia.org)
  • Aseptic necrosis of the hip is the death of bone tissue in the head of the thigh bone (femur) due to poor blood supply. (epnet.com)
  • The femur, or thigh bone, consists of the head (the ball) and the neck (the part of the femur that joins the long shaft of the bone to the head). (dpca.org)
  • The thigh bone itself is called the femur , and the ball on the end is the femoral head . (orthopaedicclinic.com.sg)
  • It is a ball (femoral head) and socket joint formed between the hip bone and femur (thigh bone). (bradleysmithmd.com)
  • The articulation of the head of the femur (thigh bone) into the socket of the acetabulum (pelvis) forms the hip joint. (houstonsportsortho.com)
  • The femur or thigh bone is fitted into the cup-shaped socket of the pelvis. (orthopaedicsbangalore.com)
  • Stress fractures of the hip are a break in the upper part of the thigh bone (femur) that fits into the. (drchrisevensen.com)
  • The hip is a ball-and-socket joint made up of the head of the thigh bone or femur that acts as. (drchrisevensen.com)
  • The femur or thigh bone is the longest and strongest bone in the body, connecting the hip to the knee. (drchrisevensen.com)
  • A condition that results from having an incorrectly shaped femur (thigh bone) or acetabulum (socket). (hipeducation.com)
  • An area of the femur (thigh bone) just below the femoral head, which serves as the "ball" portion of the ball-and-socket hip joint. (hipeducation.com)
  • Laterally, the greater trochanter covers the neck of the femur and is palpable on the lateral side of the thigh. (pediagenosis.com)
Acetabulum10
  • If X-rays show that the head is well-contained in the acetabulum, results tend to be good. (orthoseek.com)
  • This ball and socket joint consists of two basic parts - the acetabulum and the femur. (dpca.org)
  • The acetabulum forms the socket part of the joint and it is into this socket that the head of the femur rests. (dpca.org)
  • This poor fit between femoral head and acetabulum is characteristic of dysplastic dogs. (dpca.org)
  • The hip joint is strengthened by a ligament going directly from the femoral head into and attaching to the acetabulum. (dpca.org)
  • The separation between the bones is called subluxation, and at its most severe it can become a total dislocation (the head of the femur leaves the acetabulum). (dpca.org)
  • The surface of the femoral head and the inside of the acetabulum are covered with articular cartilage . (orthopaedicclinic.com.sg)
  • The hip joint is formed by the acetabulum socket - which is the outer edge of the pelvis - and the rounded femoral head ("ball") at the top of the femur, or thighbone. (popb.md)
  • The hip joint is a ball and socket joint in which the head of the femur is the ball and the acetabulum. (drchrisevensen.com)
  • The hip joint is very stable, largely because of its bony morphology and the deep fit of the femoral head into the acetabulum. (pediagenosis.com)
Avascular Necrosis of the Hip1
  • The procedure may also be advised for people suffering from femoroacetabular impingements (a condition where the hip bones have an abnormal shape) and Perthes disease (avascular necrosis of the hip in childhood). (bradleysmithmd.com)
Fractures5
  • Femoral head fractures are extremely rare and are usually the result of a high-velocity event. (orthoinfo.org)
  • Talar neck fractures represent 50% of all talar injuries and are responsible for 90% of all traumatic avascular necrosis. (caringmedical.com)
  • The ALFN is indicated to stabilize fractures of the femoral shaft, subtrochanteric, ipsilateral neck/shaft and impending pathological fractures, as well as nonunions and malunions of the femur (Fig 1). (aofoundation.org)
  • Femur shaft fractures constitute 1.6% of overall fractures in children. (ijrsms.com)
  • [ 2 - 4 ] The management of shaft femur fractures is age dependent. (ijrsms.com)
Known as avascular necrosis2
Area of the femur1
Portion of the femur1
Left femur1
Blood supply to the femoral head1
  • The principal contributing factor in the pathogenesis of the disease is insufficient blood supply to the femoral head resulting in necrosis of the femoral head. (ijpsonline.com)
Aseptic necrosis5
Pelvis1
Tibia1
  • Doctors cover the femur or thighbone with a metal covering and place plastic on the tibia, so the metal and plastic implants smoothly glide against each other, much like natural cartilage. (mountainview-hospital.com)
Neck8
  • However, grafts placed into the femoral neck or directly into the femoral head are more promising. (medscape.com)
  • The area below the neck of the femur and above the long part or shaft of the femur. (orthoinfo.org)
  • The femoral neck is part of the femur and is found directly beneath the femoral head. (aaos.org)
  • CHD can also be diagnosed if the femoral neck is shortened or if there is an improper angle between the femoral head and the long axis of the femoral neck (Cargill and Thorpe-Vargus, 11/95). (dpca.org)
  • All of the blood supply comes into the ball that forms the hip joint through the neck of the femur ( the femoral neck ), a thinner area of bone that connects the ball to the shaft. (orthopaedicclinic.com.sg)
  • The head surmounts the femoral neck, whose base abuts the medial side of the greater trochanter. (pediagenosis.com)
  • From the femoral attachment of the capsule, retinacular fibres derived from the deep part of the capsule (Fig. 6.67) are reflected medially over the neck to the margins of the head. (pediagenosis.com)
  • Synovial membrane lines the interior of the capsule and the non-articular surfaces of the joint, clothes the ligament of the head of the femur and is reflected over the retinacular fibres and the femoral neck as far as the head. (pediagenosis.com)
Ischemic1
  • The pathogenesis of SONFH is associated with increased intraosseous pressure caused by increased adipocyte proliferation and adipogenesis in the bone marrow, which can slow blood flow in the femoral head and eventually lead to ischemic osteonecrosis [ 4 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Complications3
  • Complications of internal fixation include the death of bone tissue (avascular necrosis), early implant failure and nonunion of the bone. (aaos.org)
  • The adolescent age group with skeletal immaturity deserves special attention from the surgeons because of grave complications like avascular necrosis of the femur head and angular deformities. (ijrsms.com)
  • One of the most common and serious complications caused by steroid therapy is steroid-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head (SONFH) [ 2 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Osteonecrosis of the femoral head4
  • [ 16 ] A study analyzed the clinical, functional and radiological outcome of core decompression and bone grafting in 20 patients with 28 cases of osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH) up to stage IIB (Ficat & Arlet). (medscape.com)
  • Current management options for osteonecrosis of the femoral head: part 1, diagnosis and nonoperative management. (epnet.com)
  • Steroid-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head (SONFH) is the necrosis of the femur bone caused by prolonged and massive use of corticosteroids. (biomedcentral.com)
  • However, the specific mechanism of osteonecrosis of the femoral head has not been fully elucidated. (biomedcentral.com)
Collapse13
  • Management of early stages of osteonecrosis aims to prevent the collapse of the femoral head by attempts at restoring the vascularity of femoral head. (nih.gov)
  • Surgical treatment of AVN can be broadly categorized as either prophylactic measures (to retard progression) or reconstruction procedures (after femoral head collapse). (medscape.com)
  • One study indicated that vascularized fibular grafts were more effective in preventing femoral head collapse than nonvascularized fibular autografts. (medscape.com)
  • Various preventive measures required to treat femoral head necrosis include revascularization, adequate supply of osteogenic cells and establishing enough strength to avoid collapse. (ijpsonline.com)
  • According to an estimate, 70 % of the individuals diagnosed with FHN progress to develop the collapse of the femoral head. (ijpsonline.com)
  • Published opinions regarding this disease represent that there are 59 % of cases that proceed to symptomatic disease, which results in femoral head collapse[ 5 ]. (ijpsonline.com)
  • But there are things one can do to prevent or minimize collapse of the head of the femur. (orthoseek.com)
  • If only part of the head is involved, and the lateral part of the head is not involved, risk of collapse is much less, and long-term results tend to be better. (orthoseek.com)
  • This can cause the head of the femur (thighbone) to collapse, causing dislocations and severe arthritic conditions. (popb.md)
  • If the blood supply through the femoral head is damaged or interrupted, the supporting bone underneath the cartilage can gradually deteriorate and ultimately collapse. (houstonsportsortho.com)
  • Stage 3: Arthritis symptoms begin to develop with the femoral head collapse visible in imaging studies. (houstonsportsortho.com)
  • Stage 4: Severe osteoarthritis symptoms are experienced from the complete collapse of the femoral head. (houstonsportsortho.com)
  • This weakens the bone and can lead to a collapse of the femur head and eventual arthritis as the surface of the femur head (articular cartilage) changes shape. (mendmyhip.com)
Risk Factors1
Dysplasia2
  • The clinical and radiographic outcomes of 25 patients with avascular necrosis (AVN) of the femoral head complicating developmental hip dysplasia (DDH) were analyzed. (elsevierpure.com)
  • Bar-On, E , Huo, MH & DeLuca, PA 1997, ' Early innominate osteotomy as a treatment for avascular necrosis complicating developmental hip dysplasia ', Journal of Pediatric Orthopaedics Part B , vol. 6, no. 2, pp. 138-145. (elsevierpure.com)
Impingement1
  • In case of failed treatment, SCFE has devastating results like avascular necrosis, chondrolysis, and femoroacetabular impingement resulting in early arthrosis. (totbid.org.tr)
Shaft1
  • The upper part of the shaft of the femur below the greater and lesser trochanters. (orthoinfo.org)
Thighbone4
Deformity1
Arthritis3
  • Avascular necrosis (AVN) of the talus is a debilitating condition, often leading to arthritis and arthrosis of the subtalar and ankle joints . (caringmedical.com)
  • Adolescents suffering from avascular necrosis (loss of blood to the bone), young people having arthritis, or elderly people with hip joint breaks or dislocations are usually treated with hip distraction. (bradleysmithmd.com)
  • Objective Analysis of heart rate variability in a child with Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis using the anti-Tumor Necrosis Factor. (bvsalud.org)
Socket2
Surgical4
  • The most commonly performed prophylactic surgical intervention is core decompression, whereby one or more cores of necrotic femoral head bone is removed in order to stimulate repair. (medscape.com)
  • Avascular necrosis is generally treated by hip distraction arthroplasty, a surgical procedure which decreases the pain in the hip joint and increases the ability to perform daily activities. (bradleysmithmd.com)
  • Patients that were diagnosed with avascular necrosis (AVN) in the early development stages may respond well to non-surgical therapies alone. (houstonsportsortho.com)
  • Porous tantalum nail implantation is an ideal minimally invasive surgical treatment for the treatment of early Avascular Necrosis of Femur Head (ANFH) in adults. (strongtantalum.com)
Osteoarthritis1
  • Non-inflammatory degenerative joint disease including osteoarthritis and avascular necrosis. (fda.gov)
Etiology1
Perthes1
  • Various theories have been advanced regarding the cause of Perthes disease, but no one knows for sure why there should be a loss of circulation to the head of the femur. (orthoseek.com)
Surface of the femoral head1
  • How severe the AVN is, depends on the total volume, damage due to the abnormal tissue changes, and position of the surface of the femoral head. (orthopaedicsbangalore.com)
Injuries2
Prognosis2
Occurs2
Ligament3
  • The teres ligament connects the top of the femoral head to the tissue inside the acetabular joint and contains a small artery that supplies blood to the femoral head . (mendmyhip.com)
  • Within the joint is the ligament of the head of the femur (ligamentum teres femoris) (Figs 6.67 & 6.69), which has the form of a flattened cone, the base attaching to the margins of the acetabular fossa and transverse acetabular ligament and the apex to the fovea on the femoral head. (pediagenosis.com)
  • The ligament of the head of the femur limits adduction of the hip. (pediagenosis.com)
Clinical2
  • In order to classify FHN into different clinical stages, the Ficat and ARCO (Association Research Circulation Osseous) classification system was used, on the basis of radiographic evaluation of the femoral head. (ijpsonline.com)
  • Introduction Femur head necrosis (FHN) is a challenging clinical disease with unclear underlying mechanism, which pathologically is associated with disordered metabolism. (raypeatforum.com)
Decompression3
  • Forty patients (60 hips) with stage I, II or III (ARCO system) osteonecrosis of femoral head were treated by either core decompression and isolated mononuclear cells (group A) or core decompression and unprocessed bone marrow injection (group B). The patients were followed up clinically and radiologically for a minimum of 2 years. (nih.gov)
  • While arthroscopy with or without core decompression is the standard of care for unresolved cases of avascular necrosis of the talus, we present a case of avascular necrosis of the talar dome where symptoms resolved satisfactorily with direct bone marrow injections into structures into and around the ankle. (caringmedical.com)
  • The first is hip decompression where they drill holes in the area of the hip osteonecrosis to help relieve the pressure on the femoral head. (mendmyhip.com)
Anatomic1
Laterally3
  • From there, it passes laterally to its insertion on the posterior side of the head of the femur: the quadrate tubercle on the intertrochanteric crest and along the quadrate line, the vertical line which runs downward to bisect the lesser trochanter on the medial side of the femur. (wikipedia.org)
  • Since the muscle works to laterally rotate and adduct the femur, actions involving the lower body can strain the muscle. (wikipedia.org)
  • The iliofemoral, pubofemoral and ischiofemoral ligaments are capsular thickenings that spiral downwards and laterally from the hip bone to the femur. (pediagenosis.com)
Medial1
  • The lateral and medial circumflex femoral arteries branch off the femoral artery and supply the femoral head with the majority of its blood supply. (mendmyhip.com)
Injections1
  • Note: Since this article first appeared in the Journal of Prolotherapy in 2012, new research has continued to support the use of direct Bone Marrow injections in cases of avascular necrosis. (caringmedical.com)
Arteries1
  • For any chronic condition that may cause hip necrosis or once the arteries are repaired, improving blood flow to the hip joint is essential to prevent any further bone marrow from dying and improving the health of the hip joint. (mendmyhip.com)
Treatment5
  • Among all, cell transplantation therapy is considered the most favourable treatment strategy for femoral head necrosis. (ijpsonline.com)
  • The main objective of this communication is to study the treatment of femoral head necrosis with cell replacement therapy and also its effects by focusing on the disease stages. (ijpsonline.com)
  • Hip distraction is indicated for the treatment of avascular necrosis in adolescents. (bradleysmithmd.com)
  • What is the treatment for avascular necrosis? (houstonsportsortho.com)
  • The treatment of JIA has taken place in the last 10 years with the introduction of biological or immunobiological therapies aiming to inhibit Tumor Necrosis Factor alpha (TNF α ) and cytosine. (bvsalud.org)
Involvement1
Patients2
  • Dr. Ronak Mukesh Patel, orthopedic hip specialist serving patients in Sugar Land, Pearland, and the Houston, Texas area, has the knowledge and understanding as well as substantial experience in treating patients who have experienced avascular necrosis. (houstonsportsortho.com)
  • Patients with avascular necrosis (AVN) frequently experience pain when pressure is applied to the hip joint or the affected bone. (houstonsportsortho.com)
Condition4
  • In this condition, the head of the femur loses some of its blood supply and dies. (mountainview-hospital.com)
  • If the hip joint breaks or dislocates during an accident or due to old age, it may affect the blood supply to the bone, a condition called avascular necrosis (characterized by loss of blood to the bone). (bradleysmithmd.com)
  • Avascular necrosis (AVN) likewise called as osteonecrosis, is a condition that of loss of blood supply to the bone. (ejpmr.com)
  • Hip necrosis, also called osteonecrosis or avascular necrosis, is a painful condition in which lack of proper blood flow to the head of the femur results in osteocytes and the bone marrow dying. (mendmyhip.com)
Ball2