Feline enteric coronavirus is responsible for an infection of the mature gastrointestinal epithelial cells (see also enterocytes, brush border, microvilli, villi). (wikipedia.org)
Two forms of feline coronavirus are found in nature: enteric (FECV) and FIP (FIPV). (wikipedia.org)
Infection by FCoV normally causes mild and often inapparent enteritis, in which case the virus is referred to as feline enteric coronavirus (FECV). (vin.com)
Feline enteric coronaviruses (FECV) are associated with the vast majority of infections and are typically asymptomatic. (bvsalud.org)
The virus becomes feline infectious peritonitis virus (FIPV) when random errors occur in the virus infecting an enterocyte, causing the virus to mutate from FECV to FIPV. (wikipedia.org)
Development of FIP depends on two factors: virus mutation and low immunity where virus mutation depends on the rate of mutation of FECV to FIPV and the immune status depends on the age, the genetic pool and the stress level. (wikipedia.org)
Type I, that can be defined as 'FECV that could mutate to FIPV type I', is responsible for 80% of the infections. (wikipedia.org)
FCoV serotype II (also called type II) is less frequent and is described as 'FECV type II that can mutate to FIPV type II. (wikipedia.org)
In the "internal mutation" model of FIP, it is believed that a process of mutation within an individual cat confers the ability of FECV to infect macrophages, and so become feline infectious peritonitis virus (FIPV) - the virus that causes FIP. (vin.com)
The only known exceptions are on the Falkland Islands and the Galapagos, where studies found no occurrences of FCoV antibodies in cats tested. (wikipedia.org)
FCoV type II is a recombinant virus type I with spike genes (S protein) replacement from FCoV by the canine coronavirus (CCoV) spikes. (wikipedia.org)
Feline infectious peritonitis (FIP) is a lethal systemic infection in cats, caused by a feline coronavirus (FCoV). (vin.com)
This researcher has previously shown that the FCoV spike protein is differentially processed by host cell proteases, which leads to acquisition of a hyper-fusogenic spike protein and confers the ability of the virus to infect macrophages - and so initiate the process of FIP. (vin.com)
Feline coronaviruses (FCoV) are members of the alphacoronavirus genus that are further characterized by serotype (types I and II) based on the antigenicity of the spike (S) protein and by pathotype based on the associated clinical conditions. (bvsalud.org)
Feline aminopeptidase N was identified as a receptor for type II FCoV, but not for type I FCoV. (datexis.com)
A feline dendritic cell-specific intercellular adhesion molecule-grabbing nonintegrin serves as a coreceptor for both type I and II FCoV. (datexis.com)
Several samples were collected from the cats enrolled in this study, including whole blood, plasma, swab samples (rectal, nasal, oral and conjunctival swabs), body effusions and internal organ samples, and were screened for FCoV by reverse transcription-nested polymerase chain reaction (RT-nPCR). (datexis.com)
Moreover, to evaluate the seroprevalence of different types of FCoV infection in Taiwan, plasma samples from 760 clinically healthy cats were collected around the island of Taiwan from 1996-2013. (datexis.com)
FCoV is shed through feces, so cats who share a litter box or groom one another are exposed to the benign form of the virus. (fiptreatment.com)
Within individual animals, FECV can mutate and cause a severe and usually fatal disease called feline infectious peritonitis (FIP), the leading infectious cause of death in domestic cat populations. (bvsalud.org)
While litter mates don't "catch" FIP from each other, they can share a genetic predisposition that allows the coronavirus to mutate into FIP. (fiptreatment.com)
Mutations3
Genetic mutations for this disease have been identified in both Maine Coon and Ragdoll cats. (vin.com)
An extensive data set for Siberians, a breed with HCM but no associated causal mutation, will be analyzed against feline single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) identified in or near seven genes known to have mutations that result in human HCM. (vin.com)
These include the identified feline HCM mutations in MYBPC3 . (vin.com)
Protein3
Think of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein as a key and the ACE2 receptor as its lock. (hemopet.org)
The SARS-CoV-2 spike protein locks on - or binds to - the ACE2 receptor very well in humans. (hemopet.org)
Infection with coronavirus is determined by the interaction between the receptor binding domain of its spike (S) protein and corresponding receptors on target cells. (datexis.com)
Infection1
Some cats are resistant to the virus and can avoid infection or even becoming carriers, while others may become FECV carriers. (wikipedia.org)
Proteins1
Coronaviruses have spike proteins on their surfaces that reminded the research discovery teams of monarchical crowns. (hemopet.org)
The 2000 Report of the American Association of Feline Practitioners and Academy of Feline Medicine Advisory Panel on Feline Vaccines states that "at this time, there is no evidence that the vaccine induces clinically relevant protection, and its use is not recommended. (fiptreatment.com)
Cats living in groups can infect each other with different strains of the virus during visits to a communal litter tray. (wikipedia.org)
If a cat in your household has the coronavirus or FIP, litter boxes should be sterilized with a mix of bleach and hot water, or replaced with new. (fiptreatment.com)
Cats who have a healthy immune system will pass the coronavirus with little to no issue other than a bout of diarrhea and/or cold-like symptoms. (fiptreatment.com)
Cats who have a weakened or not fully developed immune system may not be able to pass the coronavirus, and the virus mutates into FIP. (fiptreatment.com)
The best protection you can give other cats in the household is to support their immune system. (fiptreatment.com)
Also see FAQ: how can I protect my other cats from FIP if one has it, above, for recommended immune boosters. (fiptreatment.com)
Disease1
As the SARS-CoV-2 virus - the coronavirus that causes COVID-19 disease - continues to actively spread throughout the United States, the good news is that fears of companion pets becoming infected and transmitting the virus back to humans have lessened. (hemopet.org)
Virus2
such as younger kittens, old cats, immunosuppression due to viral-FIV (feline immunodeficiency virus) and/or FeLV (feline leukemia virus) and stress, including the stress of separation and adoption. (wikipedia.org)
Most cats see significant improvement of physical symptoms within the first 1-3 days, but require the full course of treatment to fully eradicate the virus. (fiptreatment.com)
Total1
When 4 kittens (6 cats in total) are born into this house, the risk increases from 2 to 30 (62−6). (wikipedia.org)
Domestic2
Domestic cats living in a group therefore have a much higher epidemiological risk of mutation. (wikipedia.org)
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is the dominant inherited cardiac disorder in domestic cats. (vin.com)
Basis1
Everything from what our cats eat on a day-to-day basis, to the shelter cats we might adopt, to the way in which they are kept in shelters, to the medical care that they receive throughout a lifetime, from vaccines to preventive care, to a whole lot that goes into senior care, to treating diseases like two that we will hear about today. (vin.com)
Common1
Calcium oxalate (CaOx) is the most common urinary stone in cats. (vin.com)
Animals1
In their pre-domestication natural state, cats are solitary animals and do not share space (hunting areas, rest areas, defecation sites, etc. (wikipedia.org)
Remains1
Some cats never heal, and the excretory phase remains permanently. (wikipedia.org)
Responsible1
The Winn Feline Foundation is responsible so much medically for everything about that cat, in fact, more than just medically. (vin.com)
As of July 2019, over 2000 cats all over the world have been completely cured using the GS441 from China. (fiptreatment.com)
Case1
The current study conducts case-control research on three breeds of cats: Maine Coon, Ragdoll, Siberian. (vin.com)
Foundation6
Well, welcome to the 36th annual Winn Feline Foundation Symposium. (vin.com)
My name is Steve Dale and I am on the board of directors for Winn Feline Foundation. (vin.com)
I have a couple of announcements to make that I am going to save until later, but my job is to tell you a little bit about - and I am sure most of you know a great deal about - the Winn Feline Foundation. (vin.com)
Pretty much a who's who of veterinary medicine and we continue that today with Dr. Fox, a who's who of veterinary medicine, has participated in the Winn Feline Foundation Symposium over the years. (vin.com)
You know about the Winn Feline Foundation, but here is how you can help us. (vin.com)
Each and every one of you can be an ambassador to spread the word that all of this stuff and more, having to do with cats, the Winn Foundation, if it was not for us funding the researchers doing the work, well, these things might not have happened or would have happened much later. (vin.com)
Household1
Other cats in the household cannot catch FIP (see FAQ: Is FIP contagious, above). (fiptreatment.com)
Test1
This test can show if the cat has been exposed to the coronavirus, but is in NO WAY indicative of FIP. (fiptreatment.com)
Group1
In a large group of cats, n, the epidemiological risk of mutation (E) is higher and expressed theoretically as: E = n2 −n. (wikipedia.org)