Expression regulatory sequences ribonucleic acid. Medical search. Frequent questions

The mRNA interacts with a specialized complex called a ribosome, which "reads" the sequence of mRNA nucleotides. (medlineplus.gov)
messenger RNA (mRNA) Any of a class of single-stranded RNA molecules which function as molecular messengers, carrying sequence information encoded in the DNA genome to the ribosomes where protein synthesis occurs. (wikipedia.org)
in this way, the DNA sequence of a protein-coding gene is effectively preserved in the raw transcript, which is subsequently processed into a mature mRNA by a series of post-transcriptional modifications. (wikipedia.org)
microRNA (miRNA) A type of small, single-stranded, non-coding RNA molecule that functions in post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression, particularly RNA silencing, by base-pairing with complementary sequences in mRNA transcripts, which typically results in the cleavage or destabilization of the transcript or inhibits its translation by ribosomes. (wikipedia.org)
Validation by qRT-PCR however showed decreased expression of Prx4 mRNA in HepG2 cells following GTT treatment. (biomedcentral.com)
They found that the product of lin-4 is not a protein-encoding mRNA, but a 22-nucleotide non-coding RNA containing several partially complementary sequences to the 3'UTR of lin-14 mRNA. (cusabio.com)
Within the complex, microRNAs are thought to bind to mRNA molecules containing a complementary stretch of RNA sequence. (sciencedaily.com)
The complex then cleaves the mRNA into smaller pieces, thereby preventing translation of the protein it encodes, and thus inhibiting or "silencing" gene expression. (sciencedaily.com)
This type of RNA is called a messenger RNA ( mRNA ), as it serves as a messenger between DNA and the ribosomes, molecular machines that read mRNA sequences and use them to build proteins. (khanacademy.org)
More specifically, antisense oligonucleotides that are useful as reagents for target validation , or as drugs, are engineered molecules that differ from natural RNA but that have a base sequence that is recognized as being complementary to a very specific mRNA sequence. (genomicglossaries.com)
A complementary RNA sequence that binds to a naturally occurring (sense) mRNA molecule, thus blocking its translation. (genomicglossaries.com)
Highly specific and effective gene silencing of any disease can be achieved by an accurate knowledge of the target mRNA sequence and rational design of its complementary antisense agents for the downregulation of its protein message. (genomicglossaries.com)
The transcription of COX-1 yields a 2.7-kilobase (kb) messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) that encodes a 576-residue, 65-kd protein. (medscape.com)
We examined the osmotic regulation of ER-β mRNA expression in MNCs using quantitative in situ hybridization histochemistry. (jneurosci.org)
Thus, the expression of ER-β mRNA correlated inversely with changes in plasma osmolality. (jneurosci.org)
Plasma estradiol and testosterone were not correlated with ER-β mRNA expression after osmotic manipulation, suggesting that ER-β expression was not driven by ligand availability. (jneurosci.org)
Their function is based on their sequence homology-based binding to and regulation of mRNA targets, thereby modulating gene expression. (ucla.edu)
Quantitative microRNA (miRNA) and messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) expression profiling, immunohistochemical analysis by tissue microarrays and exome and transcriptome sequencing were performed in UTUC and nontumor tissues. (irb.hr)
The results delineate UTUC-specific miRNA:mRNA networks comprising 89 miRNAs associated with 1,862 target mRNAs, involving deregulation of cell cycle, deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) damage response, DNA repair, bladder cancer, oncogenes, tumor suppressors, chromatin structure regulators and developmental signaling pathways. (irb.hr)

This process is regulated by cis-regulatory elements (CREs), which are sequences of nucleotides in DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) located near the genes they regulate. (nexusnewsfeed.com)
Once viable single cells have been separated, the whole transcriptome is amplified through reverse transcription to acquire complementary deoxyribonucleic acid (cDNA) from RNA. (news-medical.net)
A gene is composed of a deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) sequence. (gendatabaseonline.com)
deoxyribonucleic acid ( DNA ) and ribonucleic acid ( RNA ). (khanacademy.org)
DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) carries the genetic instructions for the development and growth of all known organisms. (mpg.de)
Funk and co-investigators localized COX-1 to 9q32-q33.3 via somatic hybrid deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) analysis. (medscape.com)
Deoxyribonucleic acid, or DNA, is the material that makes up genes. (javatpoint.com)
The transfer of genetic information from a parent to their offspring via deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is fundamental for the survival of a species. (scientia.global)
Whilst it is accepted that genomic deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is responsible for most of the inheritance from parent to offspring, there is increasing evidence that information unrelated to the DNA sequence is also passed on to future generations, and furthermore, that the environment to which the parents are exposed can influence the attributes of their offspring. (scientia.global)
There are two chemically distinct types of nucleic acids: deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and ribonucleic acid (RNA). (slideshare.net)

DNA sequences that form the coding region for the viral envelope (env) proteins in retroviruses. (lookformedical.com)
A few genes produce regulatory molecules that help the cell assemble proteins. (medlineplus.gov)
Amino acids are the building blocks of proteins. (medlineplus.gov)
The function of genes is the formation of proteins and structural and regulatory RNA molecules which are very essentiel. (gendatabaseonline.com)
Research reported in The Plant Cell shows that microRNAs control the accumulation of transcription factor proteins that regulate the expression of genes in the auxin response pathway. (sciencedaily.com)
There are many AGO1-like proteins in animals and other eukaryotes as well, indicating that the RNA-induced silencing complex is of ancient evolutionary origin, and that microRNA-mediated regulation of gene expression is shared among many eukaryotes. (sciencedaily.com)
It is crucial to understand that every function, regulatory or otherwise, and most structural components of the human cell, tissue, and organ, are composed of proteins. (physicianwrites.com)
Proteins are the ultimate complex configuration of a chain of amino acids, which in their simplest form are known as peptides and polypeptides depending on their length. (physicianwrites.com)
Proteins are large biological molecules made of subunits called amino acids that are attached to one another in chains, like the cars of a train. (ncse.ngo)
There are twenty different kinds of amino acids used in proteins, and most proteins contain hundreds of these subunits. (ncse.ngo)
Biochemists can purify proteins and learn the exact sequence of their amino acids. (ncse.ngo)
Considerable effort has gone into comparing the sequence of similar proteins isolated from different species. (ncse.ngo)
It seems that not until the technologies for working with nucleic acids and proteins are better integrated will their researchers be more connected than they are now. (genomicglossaries.com)
A relatively new addition to the repertoire of gene expression regulatory molecules are the so-called RNA binding proteins, defined as proteins whose function is to bind ribonucleic acids (RNA). (ucla.edu)
These proteins participate in gene expression by binding to and regulating messenger RNA (mRNAs), which in turn are translated into proteins. (ucla.edu)
These proteins allow for the expression of certain physical characteristics like eye color, height, and hair color. (javatpoint.com)
These grooves provide access for the binding of regulatory proteins to their specific recognition sequences along the DNA chain. (slideshare.net)

Therefore, the approach we chose in our research consisted of investigating not the genes but the elements that regulate gene expression . (nexusnewsfeed.com)
Remarkably, several non-coding RNAs absent in the non-pathogenic species Listeria innocua exhibit the same expression patterns as the virulence genes. (ox.ac.uk)
The env genes contain a cis-acting RNA target sequence for the rev protein (= GENE PRODUCTS, REV ), termed the rev-responsive element (RRE). (lookformedical.com)
The last few years have seen much attention given to whether the modification and expression of genes - epigenetic modifications - might be involved. (news-medical.net)
However, they have very important roles in biology (every miRNA regulates the expression, and thereby also the activity of several other genes), and they are known to regulate the impact of environmental factors on biology. (news-medical.net)
Genes are made up of DNA, each sequence of bases specify a gene in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, The genetic information in DNA and RNA is the central dogma of molecular biology. (gendatabaseonline.com)
Auxin influences development by affecting the expression of numerous genes that control the processes of cell division and cell expansion in specific plant tissues at specific stages during the plant life cycle - e.g. for leaves, roots, and floral organs to develop in the correct patterns and correct time sequence. (sciencedaily.com)
mRNAs corresponding to several regulatory genes that mediate auxin responses contain short stretches of sequence that are complementary to microRNAs, and therefore have been considered potential targets of microRNA-mediated regulation. (sciencedaily.com)
One of these targets is the transcription factor AUXIN RESPONSE FACTOR17 (ARF17), which is thought to repress the expression of a number of other genes involved in auxin responses. (sciencedaily.com)
Many genes encode protein products, meaning that they specify the sequence of amino acids used to build a particular protein. (khanacademy.org)
For instance, some genes specify ribosomal RNAs ( rRNAs ), which serve as structural components of ribosomes, or transfer RNAs ( tRNAs ), cloverleaf-shaped RNA molecules that bring amino acids to the ribosome for protein synthesis. (khanacademy.org)
In eukaryotic organisms and humans, genes contain DNA, where a particular sequence determines the functional expression of the gene they code. (physicianwrites.com)
Genes are made up of 'chips' on the strand or chain of the macromolecule in our chromosome known as De-oxy ribonucleic acid or DNA. (physicianwrites.com)
So, a simple polypeptide chain consists of linked amino acids in a sequence determined by genes. (physicianwrites.com)
In addition, these cells feature stable knockout of either the RIG-I (Retinoic Acid Inducible protein 1), MDA5 (Melanoma Differentiation Associated gene 5), or MAVS (Mitochondrial antiviral-signaling protein) genes. (invivogen.com)
The sequence information specifying the structure of each protein is stored in "blueprint" form in the organism's genes. (ncse.ngo)
In order for these "instructions" (genes) to be converted into a functional product, the DNA is first copied - or transcribed - into RNA (ribonucleic acid). (mpg.de)
Similar to DNA, RNA consists of four different nucleotides whose sequence encodes the genes. (mpg.de)
Las redes funcionan para en última instancia especificar la expresión de conjuntos concretos de GENES para estados, momentos o lugares específicos. (bvsalud.org)
The networks function to ultimately specify expression of particular sets of GENES for specific conditions, times, or locations. (bvsalud.org)
It also contains all the regulatory sequences, noncoding introns, and structural genes (coding genes). (javatpoint.com)

Each sequence of three nucleotides, called a codon, usually codes for one particular amino acid. (medlineplus.gov)
Protein assembly continues until the ribosome encounters a "stop" codon (a sequence of three nucleotides that does not code for an amino acid). (medlineplus.gov)
Micro-ribonucleic acid, referred to as microRNA or miRNA, as its name implies, it is tiny, about 22 Nucleotides. (cusabio.com)
MicroRNAs are tiny ribonucleic acid (RNA) molecules (~22 nucleotides long) that recently have been found to play important roles in regulating gene expression in eukaryotic organisms, including plants and animals. (sciencedaily.com)

MiRNAs (Micro RiboNucleic Acids) are small molecules with chemical building blocks similar to DNA. (news-medical.net)
RNA molecules which hybridize to complementary sequences in either RNA or DNA altering the function of the latter. (genomicglossaries.com)
RNA-based therapeutics target and modify patients' ribonucleic acid molecules in the cell to silence gene expressions. (euroland.com)

Gene expression depends on regulatory elements for the information the gene contains to be transcribed into RNA (ribonucleic acid) and later translated into protein. (nexusnewsfeed.com)
A type of RNA called transfer RNA (tRNA) assembles the protein, one amino acid at a time. (medlineplus.gov)
Molecular cloning and transcriptional mapping of the mouse cellular retinoic acid-binding protein gene. (ulaval.ca)
Unlike the more famous DNA, miRNAs are typically very short - comprising only around 20 to 25 base units (the building blocks of nucleic acids), and they do not code, in other words they do not specify the production of a protein or peptide. (news-medical.net)
To determine the antiproliferative effect of gamma-tocotrienol (GTT) treatment on differential protein expression in HepG2 cells. (biomedcentral.com)
In MDA-MB-231 cells, treatment by tocotrienols led to several fold increase of NRF2 expression marked by corresponding decrease in Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (KEAP1) levels [ 15 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
However, he thought the gene lin-4 expressed a regulatory protein that inhibited the expression of the gene lin-14. (cusabio.com)
Nucleotide sequence and expression in Escherichia coli of the gene encoding the nonstructural protein NCVP2 of bovine rotavirus. (microbiologyresearch.org)
Cloning and nucleotide sequence of the simian rotavirus gene 6 that codes for the major inner capsid protein. (microbiologyresearch.org)
Scope includes mutations and abnormal protein expression. (cancerindex.org)
Tumor-infiltrated macrophages were isolated from human GC tissues using magnetic beads, gene transcription was determined by real-time PCR, protein expression was monitored using western blots, metabolites were determined using HPLC, and transcriptional regulation was analyzed by the luciferase-based reporter gene system. (cancerindex.org)
Each protein has a specific number and sequence of amino acids, and this sequence determines what properties that protein will have. (ncse.ngo)
Such protein sequence trees-as well as trees based upon gene structure similarities-agree remarkably well with the evolutionary trees derived earlier from anatomic similarities. (ncse.ngo)
Harris BA: Complete cDNA sequence of a human stimulatory GTP-binding protein alpha subunit. (smpdb.ca)
A beta-hairpin comprising the nuclear localization sequence sustains the self-associated states of nucleosome assembly protein 1. (colorado.edu)
Ribonucleic acid (RNA) is an omnipresent substance which contributes to the implementation of a wide range of bodily functions and exists in different forms, including transfer RNA (tRNA), a small molecule with a role in protein synthesis. (scientia.global)
Ribonucleic acid (RNA) and protein levels were analyzed using appropriate statistical tests and trend assessment. (irb.hr)

Next steps should be undertaken to identify the regulatory sequences that can be used to express the guide RNAs from the genome, and once these sequences are identified developing gene drives in the species should be turnkey," Akbari said. (universityofcalifornia.edu)
Many of the RNAs in this class are similar to lin-4 and let-7 RNA, except that their expression patterns are often inconsistent with the role of regulating developmental time. (cusabio.com)
At this point, researchers began using the term "micro ribonucleic acid" to refer to such small regulatory RNAs. (cusabio.com)
Endogenous antisense RNAs function as regulators of gene expression by a variety of mechanisms. (genomicglossaries.com)
Transcription regulatory sequences have important role in the pausing of replication/transcription and generation of subgenomic RNAs. (springeropen.com)

To be more precise, the study that sequenced the genome of a snake did detect the loss of one gene, but only one. (nexusnewsfeed.com)
Genome sequences for reptiles with well-developed limbs are scarce, so we sequenced and assembled the genome of the fully limbed tegu lizard, Salvator merianae. (nexusnewsfeed.com)
Another was the non-integrating Sendai virus, which uses as viral delivery but the Sendai virus isn't capable of integrating into the genome, so it's a transient expression of the transcription factors (involved in reprogramming). (embs.org)
Bioinformatic genome surveys indicate that self-cleaving ribonucleic acids (ribozymes) appear to be widespread among all domains of life, although the functions of only a small number have been validated by biochemical methods. (biomedcentral.com)
Interacting DNA-encoded regulatory subsystems in the GENOME that coordinate input from activator and repressor TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS during development, cell differentiation, or in response to environmental cues. (bvsalud.org)
SARS-CoV-2 genome has 79.5% sequence similarity with SARS-CoV and only 50% homology with MERS-CoV (Lu et al. (springeropen.com)

Ribonucleic Acid (RNA) Markers are a bunch of ribonucleic acid transcripts that are specially synthesized from pre-specified templates for in vitro identification and analysis. (medgadget.com)
Tilly JL, Aihara T, Nishimori K, Jia XC, Billig H, Kowalski KI, Perlas EA, Hsueh AJ: Expression of recombinant human follicle-stimulating hormone receptor: species-specific ligand binding, signal transduction, and identification of multiple ovarian messenger ribonucleic acid transcripts. (smpdb.ca)

Moreover, advancements in genomic technologies and the availability of high-throughput sequencing platforms are facilitating the widespread adoption of RNA markers in research and clinical settings. (medgadget.com)
Furthermore, using sequence analysis of human genomic DNA, researchers concluded that the amino acids important for catalysis by COX-1 are conserved and are equally important for catalysis by COX-2. (medscape.com)
The patent, its abstract states, claims "methods for [differentiating] human cancers … using one or more transcribed ultraconserved regions expression profiles where the association between the genomic location of UCRs and the analyzed cancer-related genomic elements is highly statistically significant and comparable to that reported for miRNAs. (genomeweb.com)
Evaluate genomic (e.g. gene expression profiles, whole exome sequencing) characteristics of patients with rel/ref transformed DLBCL treated with R-GEMOX-ATEZO. (ucsd.edu)

Mature miRNA sequences are usually only located on one of the strands that make up the hairpin structure. (cusabio.com)

Using modern sequencing techniques, several types of miRNAs of which the blood levels differed between the groups were identified. (news-medical.net)
Intergenic miRNAs are often clustered and have similar expression profiles, probably because they are expressed under the control of a common promoter. (cusabio.com)
In particular, methods and compounds are provided for the modulation of the levels, expression, processing, or function of polycistronic pri-miRNAs. (genomeweb.com)
The complex gene regulation programs of AAN-associated UTUC tumors involve regulatory miRNAs prospectively applicable to noninvasive urine-based screening of AAN patients for cancer presence and recurrence. (irb.hr)

Identification of the genetic factors involved in this loss of limbs is a focus of an article titled 'Phenotype loss is associated with widespread divergence of the gene regulatory landscape in evolution,' published by Juliana Gusson Roscito and collaborators in Nature Communications. (nexusnewsfeed.com)
Ribonucleic acid (RNA) markers play a crucial role in personalized medicine as they provide valuable information about the individual's genetic makeup, gene expression patterns, and potential response to specific treatments. (medgadget.com)
are required for the storage and expression of genetic information. (slideshare.net)

During the process of transcription, the information stored in a gene's DNA is passed to a similar molecule called RNA (ribonucleic acid) in the cell nucleus. (medlineplus.gov)

Together, our data unravel successive and coordinated global transcriptional changes during infection and point to previously unknown regulatory mechanisms in bacteria. (ox.ac.uk)
These data define a regulatory mechanism for the difference in amounts of VP6 and NSP1 and provide evidence for post-transcriptional control of rotavirus gene expression mediated by the translational efficiency of individual viral mRNAs. (microbiologyresearch.org)

Research progress of single-cell transcriptome sequencing in autoimmune diseases and autoinflammatory disease: A review. (news-medical.net)
Exome and transcriptome sequencing of UTUCs revealed AA-specific mutational signature SBS22, with 68% to 76% AA-specific, deleterious mutations propagated at the transcript level, a possible basis for neoantigen formation and immunotherapy targeting. (irb.hr)

However, creationists have an alternative interpretation of the amino acid sequence similarities reflected in the evolutionists' trees. (ncse.ngo)

Mattera R, Codina J, Crozat A, Kidd V, Woo SL, Birnbaumer L: Identification by molecular cloning of two forms of the alpha-subunit of the human liver stimulatory (GS) regulatory component of adenylyl cyclase. (smpdb.ca)

Descriptions of specific amino acid, carbohydrate, or nucleotide sequences which have appeared in the published literature and/or are deposited in and maintained by databanks such as GENBANK, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), National Biomedical Research Foundation (NBRF), or other sequence repositories. (lookformedical.com)
A four-nucleotide translation enhancer in the 3′-terminal consensus sequence of the nonpolyadenylated mRNAs of rotavirus. (microbiologyresearch.org)

MicroRNA-30c expression was suppressed by hypoxia-inducible factor-1α activation and related to decreased mTOR activity as well as glycolysis in human GC TAMs. (cancerindex.org)

The review also explored a combination of single-cell sequencing technologies and multi-dimensional and multi-molecular analysis approaches in targeting the molecular mechanisms of AID, which would provide a basis for examining the pathogenesis and molecular markers of autoinflammatory and autoimmune disorders in the future. (news-medical.net)
CRISPR works like a pair of molecular scissors, cutting out and replacing specific DNA sequences based on a ribonucleic acid (RNA) guide. (universityofcalifornia.edu)
The main gaol of the molecular biology is to understand the function, expression, and regulation of a gene or Reporter gene . (gendatabaseonline.com)
The molecular steps in the replication pathway that regulate the levels of viral gene expression are not well defined. (microbiologyresearch.org)
In January 2019, while still completing her dissertation, Annita Louloupi started her postdoctoral research in the Computational Regulatory Genomics Laboratory at the Berlin Institute for Medical Systems Biology (BIMSB), which is part of the Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC). (mpg.de)
The molecular functions of ribonucleic acid (RNA) are diverse and essential in all organisms. (biomedcentral.com)
Current work involves, first, understanding the molecular mechanisms that underlie the specificity of binding and downstream effects on gene expression. (ucla.edu)
Here we delineated the molecular programs underlying UTUC tumorigenesis in patients from endemic aristolochic acid nephropathy (AAN) regions in Southern Europe. (irb.hr)

The researchers identified more than 5,000 DNA regions that are considered candidate regulatory elements in several species. (nexusnewsfeed.com)
These technologies have significantly reduced the cost and time required for sequencing, making it more accessible to researchers and clinicians. (medgadget.com)

In this article, we will introduce this small but important guy, micro ribonucleic acid, from five aspects: definition, biosynthetic pathway, nomenclature, functions, the diseases caused by micro ribonucleic acid disorders. (cusabio.com)
Regardless of the etiology, a deficiency of cyclooxygenase (COX), a key regulatory enzyme in the synthetic pathway of eicosanoid production, results in beneficial and detrimental physiologic conditions relative to imbalances of the eicosanoids. (medscape.com)
To further understand electrotactic migration of tumor cells, we performed RNA-sequencing for pathway discovery to identify signaling that is differentially affected by the exposure of direct-current electrical fields. (nature.com)

CREs control the spatiotemporal and quantitative patterns of gene expression. (nexusnewsfeed.com)

We have investigated potential mechanisms of regulation of rotavirus gene expression by functional evaluation of two differentially expressed viral mRNAs. (microbiologyresearch.org)
The whole nucleic acid sequence required for the production of a functional gene product, which can be a polypeptide or any RNA, is what Lodish and others refer to as a gene. (javatpoint.com)

Hence, we have discovered a major, cancer-specific gene regulatory mechanism, which involves the direct binding of IGF2BP3 to specific mRNAs. (ucla.edu)

Here, we'll just take a quick look at nucleic acids from the macromolecule perspective. (khanacademy.org)

They also found that the amplicons were similar in size distribution to the parent cDNA and showed sequence heterogeneity. (genomicglossaries.com)
Minegishi T, Nakamura K, Takakura Y, Ibuki Y, Igarashi M, Minegish T [corrected to Minegishi T]: Cloning and sequencing of human FSH receptor cDNA. (smpdb.ca)

Search the gene expression profiles from curated DataSets in the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) repository. (cancerindex.org)

Since the cloning of estrogen receptor (ER)-β, many studies have demonstrated ER-β expression in MNCs (Shughrue et al. (jneurosci.org)

And the third method was synthetic messenger ribonucleic acid, which is also a transient expression of the transcription factors. (embs.org)
87(5): 1663-1667] Specifically, the investigators started by priming whole cerebellar RNA with a synthetic oligonucleotide containing a T7 RNA polymerase promoter sequence. (genomicglossaries.com)

In these assays, the ribozyme sequence is fused to a reporter gene which modulates its activity when expressed as RNA. (biomedcentral.com)

Many studies have reported their regulatory roles in immunity through cytokines and cell signaling. (cancerindex.org)
The recently discovered novel class of non-coding RNA, termed long non-coding RNA (lncRNA), play important roles in gene expression regulation, development and cancer. (ucla.edu)

The review comprehensively covered the principles, procedures, and sequencing platforms used in scRNA-seq, and explored its use in understanding the mechanisms of nine systemic and 32 organ-specific autoimmune and autoinflammatory diseases. (news-medical.net)
The Ribonucleic Acid (RNA) Markers Market refers to the use of RNA as a biomarker to detect and measure gene expression patterns in various diseases. (medgadget.com)
presents an opportunity to manipulate gene expression within the cells to treat various diseases, and acts as a powerful tool for studying gene function utilizing antisense agents to manage the diseases by regulating the expression of the specific factor that actually causes the particular disease. (genomicglossaries.com)

Hypoxia-regulated miR-30c downregulated REDD-1 expression by targeting its 3'UTR. (cancerindex.org)

This identification is normally based on the conservation of DNA sequences among many species. (nexusnewsfeed.com)
This is the first species of the teiid lineage ever sequenced,' the authors said. (nexusnewsfeed.com)
These cytochrome c amino acid sequences represent "digital" bits of data that can be used to quantify differences between species, and these differences can be used to construct evolutionary trees much like those based upon comparisons of "analog" features of body structure. (ncse.ngo)

Upon recognition of dsRNA, RIG-I and MDA5 are recruited by the MAVS adaptor to the outer membrane of the mitochondria leading to the activation of several transcription factors, including interferon regulatory factors (IRFs) and NF-κB [3]. (invivogen.com)

The order of amino acids as they occur in a polypeptide chain. (lookformedical.com)
Production of the fusion polypeptide involves the introduction of the hybrid gene into a biological host cell system, for example yeast cells, which permits the expression and accumulation of the fusion polypeptide. (justia.com)

The present review aimed to describe the basic principles of scRNA-seq and discuss the procedures and sequencing platforms used in the process. (news-medical.net)
Various sequencing platforms are now available. (news-medical.net)

GTT increases the expression of several antioxidant enzymes such as thioredoxin and quinine reductase 2 (NQO2) while suppressing the growth of MCF-7 cells [ 15 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
18 ]. They reported that the expression of Prx1 and Prx6 is selectively regulated in alveolar type II cells isolated from vitamin E-depleted rats, depending on the severity of oxidative load. (biomedcentral.com)
19 ] suggested that tocotrienol rich fraction directly influenced the expression dynamics of peroxiredoxin-2 in H 2 O 2 challenged lymphocyte cells to improve the cells ability to resist oxidative damage. (biomedcentral.com)
The vasopressin (VP) magnocellular neurosecretory cells (MNCs) in the supraoptic and paraventricular (PVN) nuclei are regulated by estrogen and exhibit robust expression of estrogen receptor (ER)-β. (jneurosci.org)
Because of the eminent role of receptors for mediating the biological effects of steroid hormones, changes in receptor expression could alter responsiveness of the target cells and determine the physiological circumstances in which gonadal steroids become important regulators of cell function. (jneurosci.org)
In particular, these include novel cationic lipids and nucleic acid-lipid particles that provide efficient encapsulation of nucleic acids and efficient delivery of the encapsulated nucleic acid to cells in vivo . (genomeweb.com)
Evaluate on-treatment changes in density of and proximity between immune cell subsets in the tumor microenvironment after immunogenic chemotherapy alone and R-GEMOX-ATEZO by multispectral immunofluorescence, including density of CD8+ cells and cytotoxic lymphocyte (CTL):regulatory T cell (Treg) ratio. (ucsd.edu)

To detect the divergence of specific sequences in snakes, it's necessary to compare the genomes of snakes with the genomes of various reptiles and other vertebrates that have fully developed limbs. (nexusnewsfeed.com)
They catalyze site-specific cleavage of RNA, and in some cases, the reverse ligation reaction via a concerted general acid-base mechanism [ 2 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

Expression of FOS-IR in MNCs with attenuated ER-β-IR, and the absence of FOS-IR in parvocellular neurons that retain ER-β-IR suggest a role for neuronal activation in the regulation of ER-β expression in MNCs. (jneurosci.org)
Therefore, we evaluated the effect of osmotic regulation of VP and OT release on ER-β expression in SON and PVN to provide insight into the physiological role of gonadal steroids in the regulation of VP and OT secretion. (jneurosci.org)

microsatellite A type of satellite DNA consisting of a relatively short sequence of tandem repeats, in which certain motifs (ranging in length from one to six or more bases) are repeated, typically 5-50 times. (wikipedia.org)
The bases located along the resulting deoxy ribose-phosphate backbone are, by convention, always written in sequence from the 5'-end of the chain to the 3'-end. (slideshare.net)

Cell heterogeneity is also assessed by analyzing the differential gene expression. (news-medical.net)

A recent review published in the Journal of Autoimmunity discussed the applications of single-cell ribonucleic acid sequencing (scRNA-seq) in understanding autoimmune disorders. (news-medical.net)

Food-associated estrogenic compounds induce estrogen receptor-mediated luciferase gene expression in transgenic male mice. (knaw.nl)

This process is an important and highly regulated step during gene expression. (mpg.de)

Evidence is emerging that epigenetic information - information independent of underlying DNA sequence - can also be transmitted to offspring and that parental environment can alter epigenetic information and influence the characteristics of future generations. (scientia.global)

however, the glmS ribozyme is the only known example of a natural ribozyme that functions to regulate gene expression in a ligand-dependent manner by requiring glucosamine-6-phosphate (GlcN6P) as a cofactor [ 13 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

By 1964, after recognition of this basic structure, Bergstrom and colleagues successfully synthesized series 2 prostaglandins from arachidonic acid using sheep seminal fluid. (medscape.com)

We established a ribozyme reporter system in Escherichia coli in which a significant reduction of reporter activity is manifest when an active ribozyme sequence is fused to the reporter gene and the expression of a foreign Bacillus subtilis RNaseJ1 5′ exonuclease is induced from a chromosomally-integrated gene in the same cell. (biomedcentral.com)

melting The denaturation of a double-stranded nucleic acid into two single strands, especially in the context of the polymerase chain reaction. (wikipedia.org)

The sequence listing is provided as a file entitled CALTE116D1SEQLIST.txt which is 14,428 bytes in size, created on Aug. 26, 2020. (justia.com)
2020 ). According to previous research model, it was suggested that strand exchange or 5′ leader (5′ UTR) sequence to body (RNA) fusion occurs at TRS during negative sense RNA synthesis (Kim et al. (springeropen.com)

Anatomy17

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Phenomena and Processes69

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