• Mammalian and bacterial sugar transport proteins are homologous. (ox.ac.uk)
  • The uptake of a sugar across the boundary membrane is a primary event in the nutrition of most cells, but the hydrophobic nature of the transport proteins involved makes them difficult to characterize. (ox.ac.uk)
  • We have determined the sequences of the arabinose-H+ and xylose-H+ membrane transport proteins of Escherichia coli. (ox.ac.uk)
  • There is little apparent homology with the lactose-H+ (LacY) or melibiose-Na+ (MelB) transport proteins of E. coli. (ox.ac.uk)
  • The glycerol facilitator is one of the few known examples of bacterial solute transport proteins that catalyse facilitated diffusion across the cytoplasmic membrane. (nau.edu)
  • These methods are powerful and effective for identifying antibodies that bind to targets, yet they depend on the secretory pathway to transport proteins that will be displayed 14-16 . (jove.com)
  • Periplasmic trehalase of Escherichia coli K12 is induced by growth at high osmolarity. (wikipedia.org)
  • The gene, which encodes this cytoplasmic trehalase, exhibits high homology to the periplasmic trehalase. (wikipedia.org)
  • Most variation between the two proteins was localized to the predicted surface loops and periplasmic turns, while the transmembrane strands and C-terminals domains were highly conserved. (shengsci.com)
  • Thirty-one putative signal peptides were found, including those of thirteen known membrane or periplasmic proteins. (nih.gov)
  • protein_coding" "AAC74156","flgA","Escherichia coli","assembly protein for flagellar basal-body periplasmic P ring [Ensembl]. (ntu.edu.sg)
  • Tail-specific protease (Tsp) is a periplasmic enzyme that selectively degrades proteins bearing a nonpolar C-terminus. (embl.de)
  • 1998) Patch clamp studies on ion pumps of the cytoplasmic membrane of Escherichia coli . (aimspress.com)
  • The cystovirus Pseudomonas phage phi6 has an envelope that harbors five viral membrane proteins and phospholipids derived from the cytoplasmic membrane of its Gram-negative host. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Our results demonstrate that the phi6 major envelope protein P9 can trigger formation of cytoplasmic membrane structures in E. coli in the absence of any other viral protein. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Examples of cytoplasmic membrane organelles in bacteria include thylakoids, the photosynthetic membranes of cyanobacteria [ 1 ], and magnetosomes of magnetotactic bacteria [ 2 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The Escherichia coli cell division proteins FtsY, FtsE and FtsX are inner membrane-associated. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Previous protein sequence homologies suggested an inner membrane location for FtsE. (ox.ac.uk)
  • We have confirmed this predicted location and have shown that FtsY and FtsX are also inner membrane-associated. (ox.ac.uk)
  • These results are in agreement with the hypothesis that FtsE may act at the inner membrane, in a "septalsome" complex, by coupling ATP hydrolysis to the process of bacterial cell division. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Separate translocases in the mitochondrial outer membrane (TOM complex) and in the inner membrane (TIM complex) facilitate recognition of preproteins and transport across the two membranes. (nih.gov)
  • Binding-protein-dependent transport system inner membrane component [Interproscan]. (ntu.edu.sg)
  • We provide a method to simultaneously screen a library of antibody fragments for binding affinity and cytoplasmic solubility by using the Escherichia coli twin-arginine translocation pathway, which has an inherent quality control mechanism for intracellular protein folding, to display the antibody fragments on the inner membrane. (jove.com)
  • The method harnesses the intrinsic intracellular folding quality control mechanism of the Escherichia coli twin-arginine translocation (Tat) pathway to display an scFv library on the E. coli inner membrane. (jove.com)
  • The Tat pathway ensures that only soluble, well-folded proteins are transported out of the cytoplasm and displayed on the inner membrane, thereby eliminating poorly folded scFvs prior to interrogation for antigen-binding. (jove.com)
  • Following removal of the outer membrane, the scFvs displayed on the inner membrane are panned against a target antigen immobilized on magnetic beads to isolate scFvs that bind to the target antigen. (jove.com)
  • In contrast, vesicles and other inner membrane structures are rare in bacteria. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The cell division genes ftsY, ftsE and ftsX form an operon mapping at 76 min on the Escherichia coli chromosome. (ox.ac.uk)
  • The flhD and flhC genes form an operon. (bvsalud.org)
  • These results indicate that TosR is a transcriptional activator that increases expression of the flhDC operon genes, contributing to flagellar expression and optimal virulence. (bvsalud.org)
  • classification of new phytoplasmas associated with diseases of strawberry in florida, based on analysis of 16s rrna and ribosomal protein gene operon sequences. (liverpool.ac.uk)
  • The nucleotide sequence revealed that glpF is the promoter-proximal gene of the glpFK operon. (nau.edu)
  • Two ORFs, orfX and orfY, encoding a putative regulatory protein and a carbohydrate kinase of unknown function, were located upstream of the glpFK operon. (nau.edu)
  • Other bacterial sRNAs, referred to as cis -encoded sRNAs, are present in close proximity to their targets, such as upstream, opposite of the 5′ UTR of the target, or between two genes in an operon [ 2 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In the case of the lac operon of E. coli, a well-studied system for whether a gene is regulated. (lu.se)
  • Here, the function of regulation is quite clear: expressing energy and carbon, that a number around 0.2% would be the right genes at the right time will enable the cell to make the expected, and that the difference is more or less specific to the lac most of the resources within its reach, by maximizing the uptake operon [7]. (lu.se)
  • Systematic analyses showed that E. albertii represents a substantial portion of strains currently identified as eae -positive Escherichia coli and includes Shiga toxin 2f-producing strains. (cdc.gov)
  • A large number of E. albertii strains might have been misidentified as EPEC or EHEC because they possess the eae gene. (cdc.gov)
  • Phylogenies of the intimin subtypes and the cdtB genes of 275 eae -positive strains from humans, animals, and the environment that had been originally identified by routine diagnostic protocols as enteropathogenic or. (cdc.gov)
  • To characterize the strains, we first determined their intimin subtypes by sequencing the eae gene as described ( Technical Appendix ). (cdc.gov)
  • Neighbor-joining tree of 179 eae -positive Escherichia coli and Escherichia albertii strains analyzed by multilocus sequence analysis. (cdc.gov)
  • A 3.3-kilobase PvuII fragment carrying the PHR1 gene of Saccharomyces cerevisiae has been cloned into an Escherichia coli expression vector and introduced into E. coli strains deficient in DNA photolyase. (shengsci.com)
  • about 85% of the tuf gene from two aster yellows strains and a tomato stolbur phytoplasma was sequenced. (liverpool.ac.uk)
  • To uncover the causes of drug interactions, we developed a systematic approach based on precise quantification of the individual and joint effects of antibiotics on growth of genome-wide Escherichia coli gene deletion strains. (embopress.org)
  • In these experiments it was found that a glutathione-dependent formaldehyde dehydrogenase that oxidizes formaldehyde 6 was found to be encoded by a gene, which can be transferred between the microorganisms via plasmids, and the mechanisms of resistance can be transferred to unrelated strains of the same bacterial species, such as Escherichia coli. (basicmedicalkey.com)
  • It was found that formaldehyde-resistant strains had the addition of a high-molecular-mass protein in the outer membrane, and therefore, formaldehyde resistance is conferred by the structure and composition of the outer membrane. (basicmedicalkey.com)
  • ABSTRACT The emergence and rapid spread of antibiotic-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates harbouring the blaKPC gene that encodes for carbapenemase production have complicated the management of patient infections. (who.int)
  • Recently, darobactin A, a novel bicyclic heptapeptide that selectively kills Gram-negative bacteria by targeting the outer-membrane protein BamA, was discovered. (sdsc.edu)
  • During protein synthesis, ribosomes become stalled on polyproline-containing sequences, unless they are rescued in archaea and eukaryotes by the initiation factor 5A (a/eIF-5A) and in bacteria by the homologous protein EF-P. While a structure of EF-P bound to the 70S ribosome exists, structural insight into eIF-5A on the 80S ribosome has been lacking. (cipsm.de)
  • The Type VI Secretion System (T6SS) is a multiprotein device that has emerged as an important fitness and virulence factor for many Gram-negative bacteria through the injection of effector proteins into prokaryotic or eukaryotic cells via a contractile mechanism. (frontiersin.org)
  • Moreover, although the abundance of most protein groups reflected that of related bacterial populations, we found a specific independent regulation of bacteria-derived cell envelope proteins. (bmj.com)
  • In bacteria, all nascent proteins bear the pretranslationally formed N-terminal formyl-methionine (fMet) residue. (microbialcell.com)
  • One possibility is that the similarity of the formyl and acetyl groups, their identical locations in N‑terminally formylated (Nt‑formylated) and Nt-acetylated proteins, and the recently discovered proteolytic function of Nt-acetylation in eukaryotes might also signify a proteolytic role of Nt‑formylation in bacteria. (microbialcell.com)
  • The assembly of beta-barrel proteins into membranes is a fundamental process that is essential in Gram-negative bacteria, mitochondria and plastids. (edu.au)
  • Comparative sequence analysis suggests that while many components mediating beta-barrel protein assembly are conserved in all groups of bacteria with outer membranes, some components are notably absent. (edu.au)
  • The Alphaproteobacteria in particular seem prone to gene loss and show the presence or absence of specific components mediating the assembly of beta-barrels: some components of the pathway appear to be missing from whole groups of bacteria (e.g. (edu.au)
  • Consequently, bacteria have developed different systems to sense changes in environmental conditions such as temperature and induce an adaptation of metabolism and gene expression. (springer.com)
  • Many different principles of thermoregulation have been identified in bacteria, which can be assigned to the class of protein-, DNA- or RNA-thermosensors. (springer.com)
  • The secretory pathway translocates unfolded proteins from the reducing cytoplasm into the endoplasmic reticulum lumen in yeast or into the periplasm in bacteria. (jove.com)
  • Although Blr is not essential, previous studies have shown that the inactivation of the blr gene increased the sensitivity of bacteria to β-lactam antibiotics or their resistance to cell envelope stress. (pasteur.fr)
  • Intracellular membrane structures are rare in bacteria, thus making them ideal chasses for cell-based vesicle production. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Endotoxin is a lipopolysaccharide produced by gram-negative bacteria and is part of the outer membrane of these organisms. (msdmanuals.com)
  • LysR substrate binding domain, Bacterial regulatory helix-turn-helix protein [Interproscan]. (ntu.edu.sg)
  • The enzyme from the bacterium Escherichia coli K-12 interacts with an extracytoplasmic substrate binding protein and imports a broad range of aliphatic sulfonates for use as a source of sulfur. (enzyme-database.org)
  • They have the ability to modulate protein activity by binding to a target protein inside cells to prevent protein-protein interactions, disrupt protein-nucleic acid interactions, or prevent substrate access to enzymes 1-5 . (jove.com)
  • Its substrate specificity suggests that Tsp may contain a substrate recognition domain, which selectively binds to the nonpolar C-termini of substrate proteins, separate from its catalytic site. (embl.de)
  • In this work, we show that substrate recognition of Tsp is mediated by a PDZ domain, a small protein module that promotes protein-protein interactions by binding to internal or C-terminal sequences of their partner proteins. (embl.de)
  • The use of a separate substrate recognition domain such as a PDZ domain may be a general mechanism for achieving selective protein degradation. (embl.de)
  • The tree was constructed with the concatenated partial nucleotide sequences of 7 housekeeping genes (see. (cdc.gov)
  • Their amino-acid sequences can, however, be determined by cloning and sequencing the corresponding gene (or complementary DNA). (ox.ac.uk)
  • The plasmids are atypical, as compared to most bacterial plasmids, since they contain many paralogous sequences, a large number of pseudogenes and, in some cases, essential genes. (prospecbio.com)
  • One tRNA gene (proK) and two insertion sequences (IS5 and IS150) are located in this segment. (nih.gov)
  • since the symptoms were suggestive of phytoplasma infection, plants were assayed for presence of phytoplasma by pcr amplification of 16s rdna and ribosomal protein (rp) gene sequences. (liverpool.ac.uk)
  • analysis of 16s rrna gene sequences amplified by pcr indicated that the symptoms were associated with infection by a phytoplasma, designated strawberry yellows (strawy) phytoplasma. (liverpool.ac.uk)
  • primers designed from sequences of the gene encoding the elongation factor tu (tuf gene) of several culturable mollicutes amplified most of the tuf gene from phytoplasmas of the aster yellows, stolbur and x-disease groups. (liverpool.ac.uk)
  • Comparison of partial citrate synthase gene ( gltA ) sequences for phylogenetic analysis of Bartonella species. (microbiologyresearch.org)
  • The betA gene sequence reported in this study contains several base substitutions with that of reported sequences in GenBank, resulting in the altered amino acid sequences of the translated proteins. (scialert.net)
  • Moreover, the sequence analysis of choline dehydrogenase from our isolate shows several base substitutions with that of reported sequences in GenBank, resulting in the altered amino acid sequences of the translated proteins. (scialert.net)
  • Chlamydia trachomatis is an obligate intracellular human pathogen that exhibits stage-specific gene transcription throughout a biphasic developmental cycle. (plos.org)
  • Commonly used methods for the display and screening of recombinant antibody libraries do not incorporate intracellular protein folding quality control, and, thus, the antigen-binding capability and cytoplasmic folding and solubility of antibodies engineered using these methods often must be engineered separately. (jove.com)
  • Furthermore, production of intracellular membrane vesicles in Escherichia coli can be triggered by expression of Acholeplasma laidlawii lipid glycosyltransferases [ 5 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Outside of these intriguing examples, intracellular membranes are rare in the majority of bacterial cells, making them attractive systems for cell-based vesicle production. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) is the most common causative organism. (bvsalud.org)
  • Uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) is a major causative agent of urinary tract infections. (bvsalud.org)
  • The growth inhibitory activity and the biofilm formation inhibitory activity of the CFCS against uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC), Extended Spectrum beta (ß) Lactamase producing (ESBL+) UPEC, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) was assessed by agar-disk diffusion tests and crystal violet assay. (bvsalud.org)
  • Uropathogenic Escherichia coli strain CFT073 disrupts NLRP3 inflammasome activation. (umm.de)
  • A Comparative Analysis of the Mechanism of Toll-Like Receptor-Disruption by TIR-Containing Protein C from Uropathogenic Escherichia coli. (umm.de)
  • Attaching and effacing pathogens include enterohemorrhagic and enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EHEC and EPEC, respectively) and Citrobacter rodentium ( 1 , 2 ). (cdc.gov)
  • There is great need for therapeutics against multi-drug resistant, Gram-negative bacterial pathogens. (sdsc.edu)
  • phytoplasmas are unculturable bacterial plant pathogens transmitted by phloem-feeding hemipteran insects. (liverpool.ac.uk)
  • They correspond to functions allowing opportunistic pathogens to colonise the mucus layers, breach the host barriers and invade the mucosae, which could still be aggravated by decreased host-derived pancreatic zymogen granule membrane protein GP2 in CD patients. (bmj.com)
  • In contrast, some bacterial pathogens (including Listeria monocytogenes and Shigella flexneri ) have mechanisms to escape from the phagosome and proliferate in the cytosol ( 13 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • Targeting of bacterial pathogens by the autophagy machinery is often mediated by ubiquitination, a posttranslational modification ( 16 , 17 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • Autophagy-related (ATG) proteins also direct immunity-related GTPases (IRGs) and guanylate-binding proteins (GBPs) to pathogens ( 21 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • Though trehalose is not known to be produced by mammals, trehalase enzyme is found to be present in the kidney brush border membrane and the intestinal villi membranes. (wikipedia.org)
  • The trehalase enzyme of Mycobacterium smegmatis is a membrane bound protein. (wikipedia.org)
  • In non-denaturing gels this enzyme protein exhibited a molecular mass of 160 kDa, while in sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) it showed a mass of 80 kDa. (wikipedia.org)
  • but a recovery of the enzyme activity could be observed by rephosphorylation while incubating with ATP and protein kinase. (wikipedia.org)
  • The enzyme contained 2 g-atoms of iron per mol of protein. (shengsci.com)
  • Mutations that result in alterations of the outer membrane porin proteins of Gram-negative organisms lead to decreased permeability of the drug through the outer membrane so less drug reaches the target enzyme. (cdc.gov)
  • The fluoroquinolone susceptibility profile for each clinical isolate is determined by the number and location of mutational changes in specific enzyme target sites, porin proteins, and efflux mechanisms. (cdc.gov)
  • agent (like a cytidine analog) into DNA during replication inhibited DNMTs enzyme activity and demethylated the tumor suppressor genes, eventually leading to tumor growth inhibition [30, 31]. (pdgf-receptor.com)
  • Temperature has a direct effect on fundamental biological systems, including enzyme activity and correct folding of proteins. (springer.com)
  • An A. salmonicida genomic DNA library was constructed by using lambda GEM-11 and recombinant phage carrying both genes ompAI and ompAII) selected by immunoscreening. (shengsci.com)
  • The purified recombinant TosR does not bind to fliC and fliA but to the upstream region of the flhD gene. (bvsalud.org)
  • Recombinant Borrelia Burgdorferi Basic Membrane Protein A produced in E.coli is a non-glycosylated, polypeptide chain having a calculated molecular mass of 36,239 Dalton. (prospecbio.com)
  • RNA isolated from both T. pallidum and recombinant Escherichia coli expressing the 47-kDa antigen was used as a template in reverse transcriptase primer extensions. (elsevierpure.com)
  • This is the first report of any bacterial species possessing two genes for homologs of this major outer membrane protein. (shengsci.com)
  • Many proteins, largely derived from Bacteroides species, were over-represented, while under-represented proteins were mostly from Firmicutes and some Prevotella members. (bmj.com)
  • We found 191 putative coding genes (ORFs) of which 72 genes were previously known, and 110 of which remain unidentified despite literature and similarity searches. (nih.gov)
  • In vitro analysis revealed that a putative switch-protein kinase regulator, RsbW, is capable of interacting directly with σ 66 , as well as phosphorylating its own antagonist, RsbV1, rendering it inactive. (plos.org)
  • The FepA membrane protein is surrounded by a lipid bilayer separating the extracellular medium and the periplasm. (nature.com)
  • While some effector proteins specifically target bacterial or eukaryotic cells, others can target both types of cells (trans-kingdom effectors). (frontiersin.org)
  • Conceptual parallels exist between bacterial and eukaryotic small-RNA (sRNA) pathways, yet relatively little is known about which protein may recognize and recruit bacterial sRNAs to interact with targets. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Eukaryotic cells have elaborate cell signaling and trafficking systems based on different kinds of vesicle structures and membrane organelles. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Expression of ompAI and ompAII separately in E. coli indicated that both genes could be independently transcribed from their own promoters and that both gene products were assembled into the E. coli outer membrane. (shengsci.com)
  • Expression of a Saccharomyces cerevisiae photolyase gene in Escherichia coli. (shengsci.com)
  • PapB/FocB family proteins are small DNA-binding transcriptional regulators consisting of approximately 100 amino acids that have been reported to regulate the expression of various fimbriae, including P, F1C, and type 1 fimbriae, and adhesins. (bvsalud.org)
  • tomato flower abnormalities induced by stolbur phytoplasma infection are associated with changes of expression of floral development genes. (liverpool.ac.uk)
  • Outer-membrane protein variation is seen in association with phase variation, but lipopolysaccharide expression is preserved in piliated as well as extensively passaged non-piliated isolates. (microbiologyresearch.org)
  • The irradiation-induced DNA demethylation, as the result of decreased DNMTs expression, can reactivate the tumor suppressor gene and inhibit tumor growth. (pdgf-receptor.com)
  • The glycerol facilitator and glycerol kinase were identified in a T7 expression system as proteins with apparent molecular masses of 25 and 56 kDa, respectively. (nau.edu)
  • After sequencing the RNAs expressed in normal and enlarged spheroplasts, we compared the gene expression levels of the 1100 orthologs in E. litoralis and L. amnigena . (aimspress.com)
  • Our findings indicate that spheroplast enlargement varies between different organisms with respect to gene expression. (aimspress.com)
  • Representative σ 66 -dependent gene transcription was repressed in the absence of rsbV1 or upon increased expression of RsbW, and increased upon elevated expression of RsbV1. (plos.org)
  • The primary data for 1-step growth, 2-step growth and gene expression summarized in Figs 4 and 5 are available in the S1 Dataset in the supplementary information. (plos.org)
  • Loss of ybeY function, which results in a marked resistance to HU, had global affects on sRNA-mediated gene expression. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Small regulatory RNAs (sRNAs) play key roles in modulating gene expression in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes. (biomedcentral.com)
  • These thermosensors are part of a regulatory network, such as the production of heat shock proteins mediated by sigma factor 32 (RpoH) in Escherichia coli or the transcriptional repressor of heat-shock genes HrcA in Bacillus subtilis (Hecker et al. (springer.com)
  • Schweizer, HP , Jump, R & Po, C 1997, ' Structure and gene-polypeptide relationships of the region encoding glycerol diffusion facilitator (glpF) and glycerol kinase (glpK) of Pseudomonas aeruginosa ', Microbiology , vol. 143, no. 4, pp. 1287-1297. (nau.edu)
  • Through a bacterial two-hybrid library screen, we identified the E. coli β-lactam resistance protein Blr, a short membrane polypeptide of 41 residues, as an interacting partner of the essential cell division protein FtsL. (pasteur.fr)
  • HAMP domain, Tar ligand binding domain homologue, Methyl-accepting chemotaxis protein (MCP) signalling domain [Interproscan]. (ntu.edu.sg)
  • Due to the inherent diversity in the underlying mechanisms, protein-based thermosensors affect different cellular processes such as transcription, translation, protein stability, signal transduction as well as proteolytic processes. (springer.com)
  • These approaches commonly use phage display, yeast surface display, or bacterial surface display to screen large libraries of antibodies 11-13 . (jove.com)
  • The proteins then fold under oxidizing conditions and are displayed on the cell surface or packaged into phage particles to screen for binding affinity 17,18 . (jove.com)
  • Early studies on nonsense mutants of phage phi6 suggested that the major envelope protein P9 and the non-structural protein P12 are the only proteins needed for phi6 virion envelopment [ 23 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • To assist in localizing start signals for the protein, the transcription initiation site for the 47-kDa-antigen gene was determined. (elsevierpure.com)
  • Here we explore the feasibility of extracting bacterial protein signals relevant to CD, by interrogating myriads of intestinal bacterial proteomes from a small number of patients and healthy controls. (bmj.com)
  • Design We first developed and validated a workflow-including extraction of microbial communities, two-dimensional difference gel electrophoresis (2D-DIGE), and LC-MS/MS-to discover protein signals from CD-associated gut microbial communities. (bmj.com)
  • Conclusions This study provides the first evidence that quantifiable bacterial protein signals are associated with CD, which can have a profound impact on future molecular diagnosis. (bmj.com)
  • We addressed this hypothesis about fMet‑based degradation signals, termed fMet/N-degrons, using specific E. coli mutants, pulse-chase degradation assays, and protein reporters whose deformylation was altered, through site-directed mutagenesis, to be either rapid or relatively slow. (microbialcell.com)
  • In addition, the enlarged spheroplasts of L. amnigena , which differ in the size of inner and outer membranes, were larger than those of E. litoralis . (aimspress.com)
  • They form attaching and effacing lesions on intestinal epithelial cell surfaces by the combined actions of intimin, an eae gene-encoded outer membrane protein, and type III secretion system effectors. (cdc.gov)
  • Results Our 2D-DIGE-based discovery approach revealed an imbalance of intestinal bacterial functions in CD. (bmj.com)
  • To date, only one bacterial factor has been shown to mediate intestinal adherence by O157:H7, the outer membrane protein intimin which was originally discovered in the Principal Investigator's laboratory. (usda.gov)
  • For each of these factors we will construct isogenic non-polar mutations in the structural gene and test the mutants for decreased adherence in differential intestinal epithelial cell lines, freshly harvested human intestinal epithelial cells, and in a gnotobiotic piglet model of disease. (usda.gov)
  • Resistance to quinolones occurs through chromosomal mutations in the genes encoding these enzymes and by porin and efflux mutations. (cdc.gov)
  • chlorate resistance protein [Ensembl]. (ntu.edu.sg)
  • Naoise McGarry, Stephen Smith, Escherichia coli serum resistance : roles for cell number and Haemolysin. (tcd.ie)
  • KPCs) are Ambler class A plasmid- gene by polymerase chain reaction cin, imipenem, ertapenem, meropenem, encoded enzymes that are capable of (PCR) assay provides laboratories trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, piper- hydrolyzing all beta-lactam antibiotics, with a means to quickly identify the acillin, piperacillin/tazobactam and including monobactams, extended- presence of this important resistance tobramycin (Oxoid). (who.int)
  • An electron microscopy study has been made of the effects of dissolution of the plasma membrane of Escherichia coli with sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) on the organization of the nucleoplasm and the cytoplasm. (shengsci.com)
  • PDZ domain proteins are frequently associated with the plasma membrane, a compartment where high concentrations of phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2) are found. (embl.de)
  • All four proteins share similarities with the E. coli citrate transporter. (ox.ac.uk)
  • In this study, we introduced a light-driven proton transporter, Delta-rhodopsin (dR), to Drosophila mitochondria, where the mitochondrial proton-motive force (Δp) and mitochondrial membrane potential are maintained in a light-dependent manner. (nature.com)
  • ATP-binding cassette (ABC) type transporter, characterized by the presence of two similar ATP-binding domains/proteins and two integral membrane domains/proteins. (enzyme-database.org)
  • A very natural place to study gene detecting and metabolizing lactose, it is known that the overall regulation is in the metabolism of the cell, and then specifically in effect of expressing the lac genes in vain is a drop in the growth rate the regulation of genes that code for enzymes and transporter of as much as 5% [1,6]. (lu.se)
  • The most potent compound, darobactin B, was used for co-crystallization with the target BamA, revealing an identical binding site to darobactin A. Besides its potency, darobactin B did not exhibit cytotoxicity and was slightly more active against Acinetobacter baumanii isolates than darobactin A. Furthermore, we evaluated the plasma protein binding of darobactin A and B, indicating their different pharmacokinetic properties. (sdsc.edu)
  • This study in a tertiary care hospital in Egypt used real-time PCR assay to test ertapenem-nonsusceptible isolates of K. pneumoniae for the presence of the blaKPC gene and compared the results with modified Hodge test. (who.int)
  • The blaKPC gene was confirmed in 14/20 (70.0%) of these isolates. (who.int)
  • Whole genome and transcriptome analysis reveal MALDI-TOF MS and SDS-PAGE have limited performance for the detection of the key outer membrane protein in carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates. (cdc.gov)
  • micro-tom) plants infected by the stolbur phytoplasma (isolate po) display floral abnormalities, including sepal hypertrophy, virescence, phyllody, and aborted reproductive organs, which are reminiscent of those observed in arabidopsis thaliana mutants affected in flower development genes. (liverpool.ac.uk)
  • Its efficacy was proven in animal infection models of Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, thus promoting darobactin A as a promising lead compound. (sdsc.edu)
  • RÉSUMÉ L'émergence et la propagation rapide des souches de Klebsiella pneumoniae résistantes aux antibiotiques et porteuses du gène blaKPC codant la production de carbapénèmases ont compliqué la prise en charge des infections des patients. (who.int)
  • Sigma-54 interaction domain, Bacterial regulatory protein, Propionate catabolism activator [Interproscan]. (ntu.edu.sg)
  • However, agonist-dependent activation of cell surface receptors is sometimes required to promote interaction with a PDZ protein. (embl.de)
  • With a minimalist model of metabolism, cell growth and transcriptional regulation in a microorganism, we explore how the interaction between environmental conditions and gene regulation set the growth rate of cells in the phase of exponential growth. (lu.se)
  • In Salmonella , five T6SS gene clusters have been identified within pathogenicity islands SPI-6, SPI-19, SPI-20, SPI-21, and SPI-22, which are differentially distributed among serotypes. (frontiersin.org)
  • Of note, the genes encoding these effectors and immunity proteins are widely distributed in Salmonella genomes, suggesting a relevant role in interbacterial competition and virulence. (frontiersin.org)
  • Kertesz, M.A. Bacterial transporters for sulfate and organosulfur compounds. (enzyme-database.org)
  • Given that the process of the beta-barrel assembly is conserved, analysis of outer membrane biogenesis in Alphaproteobacteria, the bacterial group that gave rise to mitochondria, also promises insight into the assembly of beta-barrel proteins in eukaryotes. (edu.au)
  • In this case, ubiquitinated substrates (such as bacterial components or damaged membrane) are recognized by autophagy receptors, including p62 and NDP52, which direct formation of the autophagic membrane around the targeted pathogen ( 18 - 20 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • Moreover, protein synthesis by the cytosolic ribosomes of eukaryotes does not involve the formylation of N-terminal Met. (microbialcell.com)
  • We suggest that the faster emergence of nascent proteins from bacterial ribosomes is one mechanistic and evolutionary reason for the pretranslational design of bacterial fMet/N‑degrons, in contrast to the cotranslational design of analogous Ac/N‑degrons in eukaryotes. (microbialcell.com)
  • In eukaryotes, Argonaute (AGO) proteins discharge such functions. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Like microRNAs (miRNAs) in eukaryotes, trans -acting bacterial sRNAs appear to recognize their targets by a seed-pairing mechanism using seeds as small as 6-7 nucleotides. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Quinolones inhibit two enzymes that are required for bacterial DNA synthesis, i.e. (cdc.gov)
  • These enzymes are encoded by two different genes - NTH1 and ATH1 respectively. (wikipedia.org)
  • The targets of quinolone activity are the bacterial DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV, enzymes essential for DNA replication and transcription. (cdc.gov)
  • Recently, bacterial glycine betaine synthesizing enzymes have become a major target in developing stress tolerant crop plants of economic interest. (scialert.net)
  • This study provides evidence that a switch-protein kinase regulatory network controls availability of σ 66 , the main sigma subunit for transcription in Chlamydia . (plos.org)
  • INTRODUCTION broken, which in realistic situations can severly constrain the Transcriptional regulation of effector genes is a highly successful regulatory options. (lu.se)
  • The 47-kDa lipoprotein is an abundant integral membrane protein and dominant immunogen of Treponema pallidum subsp. (elsevierpure.com)
  • Weigel, LM, Brandt, ME & Norgard, MV 1992, ' Analysis of the N-terminal region of the 47-kilodalton integral membrane lipoprotein of Treponema pallidum ', Infection and immunity , vol. 60, no. 4, pp. 1568-1576. (elsevierpure.com)
  • protein_coding" "AAC74157","flgB","Escherichia coli","flagellar component of cell-proximal portion of basal-body rod [Ensembl]. (ntu.edu.sg)
  • protein_coding" "AAC74158","flgC","Escherichia coli","flagellar component of cell-proximal portion of basal-body rod [Ensembl]. (ntu.edu.sg)
  • Flagella basal body rod protein, Flagellar basal body rod FlgEFG protein C-terminal [Interproscan]. (ntu.edu.sg)
  • FlgD Ig-like domain, FlgD Tudor-like domain, Flagellar hook capping protein - N-terminal region [Interproscan]. (ntu.edu.sg)
  • protein_coding" "AAC74163","flgH","Escherichia coli","flagellar protein of basal-body outer-membrane L ring [Ensembl]. (ntu.edu.sg)
  • Flagellar L-ring protein [Interproscan]. (ntu.edu.sg)
  • Originally discovered from members of the nematode symbiotic genus Photorhabdus, the biosynthetic gene cluster (BGC) encoding for the synthesis of darobactin A can also be found in other γ-proteobacterial families. (sdsc.edu)
  • Bacterial spheroplasts do not divide but they grow and enlarge with DNA replication in a broth containing an inhibitor of peptidoglycan synthesis and high salt concentration. (aimspress.com)
  • Such interactions generally result in a decrease in protein synthesis, either by stimulating mRNA degradation or by inhibiting translation. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Two homologs of the outer membrane protein OmpA were identified in Aeromonas salmonicida by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, immunoblotting, and amino-terminal sequence analyses. (shengsci.com)
  • Bioinformatic and comparative genomic analyses allowed us to identify genes encoding three candidate antibacterial effectors located within SPI-6 and two candidate effectors located within SPI-19. (frontiersin.org)
  • Molecular Basis of Acute Cystitis Reveals Susceptibility Genes and Immunotherapeutic Targets. (umm.de)
  • Complementation of the E. coli phr-1 mutation was observed, strongly suggesting that the yeast PHR1 gene encodes a. (shengsci.com)
  • CHCHD2 (mutations of which cause an autosomal dominant form of PD) encodes a mitochondrial intermembrane protein 1 . (nature.com)
  • 4 In the inactivation of spores, alkylation of nucleic acids may be more important than changes in protein constituents. (basicmedicalkey.com)
  • The inner fluid can contain cargo molecules such as nucleic acids or soluble proteins. (biomedcentral.com)