• Using transmission electron microscopy, we detected membranous structures in the cytoplasm of E. coli cells expressing P9. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Also, the morphological alterations induced in the yeasts by the experimental compounds were evaluated by fluorescence and transmission electron microscopy. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Immunostaining and immunoblotting analyses of the autophagic markers p62 [in PCa tissue microarrays (TMAs) and PCa cell lines] and LC3 (in PCa cell lines), transmission electron microscopy, and GFP-mCherry-LC3 were used to study autophagy induction and flux. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Treatment with the alkaloid promoted important changes in promastigotes that were observed by scanning and transmission electron microscopy. (ufpa.br)
  • By transmission electron microscopy, they appear as structures resembling 'little caves', which are vesicular invaginations of the plasma membrane of 50-100 nanometer (nm) in size [ 1 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • These structures appear to an aggregation of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER) according to an article published in Human Cell which describes eggs analyzed using transmission electron microscopy or TEM. (conceivingconcepts.com)
  • Light, scanning and transmission electron microscopy were carried out on Alexandrium tamarense and A. fundyense hypnozygotes (cysts) from cultures and marine sediments. (westminster.ac.uk)
  • Transmission electron microscopy protocols were adapted to improve the quality of ultrathin sections. (westminster.ac.uk)
  • In order to study the biogenesis of ICM in this bacterium mature (ICM) and precursor (upper pigmented band - UPB) membranes were purified and compared at the single membrane level using electron, atomic force and fluorescence microscopy, revealing fundamental differences in their morphology, protein organization and function. (nih.gov)
  • The protein induction of autophagy was analyzed by RT-qPCR, western blot, immunofluorescence, and electron microscopy. (frontiersin.org)
  • For ultrastructuralstudy of the cells, samples were fixed in glutaraldehyde and observed under electron microscopy, Na+-K+ ATPase localization were performed through immunoflourescence light microscopy by using antibody IgGa5. (civilica.com)
  • Using fluorescence and scanning electron microscopy, bacteria were shown to align between the nanopillars. (rsc.org)
  • Electron microscopy analysis revealed striking membrane perturbations and the accumulation of vesicles in arrested mutants. (tamu.edu)
  • Using both biochemical fractionation and immunoelectron microscopy methods, these vesicles were shown to contain nups. (tamu.edu)
  • Latex beads coated with bFGF induced clustering of synaptic vesicles at the bead-neurite contacts as evidenced by anti-synaptotagmin antibody labeling and electron microscopy. (jneurosci.org)
  • Caveolae, plasmalemmal invaginations in which several other glycolipid-anchored proteins are concentrated, are not seen in neuroblastoma cells analyzed by thin-section or deep-etch electron microscopy. (rupress.org)
  • By electron microscopy, the immunoreactive profiles in all cortical layers were primarily thick and thin postsynaptic densities (PSDs), comprising 4% of all identifiable PSDs in fixed sections and 12% in unfixed synaptosomal preparations. (nyu.edu)
  • The PAP reaction was shown by electron microscopy to be localized to the cytoplasmic surface of plasmalemma of a few proximal dendrites, but was most prominently associated with PSDs of dendritic spines. (nyu.edu)
  • The ultrastructure of pancreatic light and clear endocrine cells in normal and transplanted tissue fragments in the anterior eye-chamber of rats was described by electron microscopy. (uaeu.ac.ae)
  • The operated bones were examined using radiography, light and electronic microscopy, X-ray electron probe microanalysis. (heraldopenaccess.us)
  • Additional characterization of autophagy by electron microscopy as well as protein degradation assays showed that while Vps34 is important for starvation-induced autophagy there is a significant component of functional autophagy occurring in the absence of Vps34. (columbia.edu)
  • paired with electron microscopy (Sladewski, Billington, Ali et al. (biologists.com)
  • In autolysed cells, the flagella were seen to be attached to differentiated regions of the cytoplasmic membrane. (microbiologyresearch.org)
  • On the other hand, slowly exchanging sodium is restricted to the cytoplasm, sorbed to or sequestered in some as yet unidentified cytoplasmic constituent. (biologists.com)
  • They contain well stained cytoplasm with numerous low electron density vesicles and few secretory granules. (uaeu.ac.ae)
  • Tethered neutrophils enter in membrane-bound vesicles before penetrating into the megakaryocyte cytoplasm. (elifesciences.org)
  • Here, we show that persistent DNA damage accumulation in tissue-infiltrating macrophages carrying an ERCC1-XPF DNA repair defect ( Er1 F/− ) triggers Golgi dispersal, dilation of endoplasmic reticulum, autophagy and exosome biogenesis leading to the secretion of extracellular vesicles (EVs) in vivo and ex vivo. (nature.com)
  • Ultrathin sections of C. albicans treated with 1 μg/ml of WSP1267 showed several ultrastructural alterations, including (a) loss of cell wall integrity, (b) detachment of the plasma membrane from the fungal cell wall, (c) accumulation of small vesicles in the periplasmic region, (d) presence of large electron-dense vacuoles and (e) significantly increased cell size and cell wall thickness. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Loss of Pcs impairs Rab11 localization on the trans-side of Golgi units and induces the cytoplasmic accumulation of post-Golgi vesicles bearing rhabdomere proteins, as observed in Rab11-deficiency. (sdbonline.org)
  • The collecting ducts develop tight pleating of the basal cell membranes, and dark cells containing numerous small cytoplasmic vesicles and microvilli appear. (rupress.org)
  • Examples of cytoplasmic membrane organelles in bacteria include thylakoids, the photosynthetic membranes of cyanobacteria [ 1 ], and magnetosomes of magnetotactic bacteria [ 2 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Outside of these intriguing examples, intracellular membranes are rare in the majority of bacterial cells, making them attractive systems for cell-based vesicle production. (biomedcentral.com)
  • sphaeroides, solar energy is converted via coupled electron and proton transfer reactions within the intracytoplasmic membranes (ICMs), infoldings of the cytoplasmic membrane that form spherical 'chromatophore' vesicles. (uea.ac.uk)
  • Electron microscopic examination of lymph capillaries of the dermal papillae of rat scalp skin revealed continuous extension of the lymph collection system into 4 to 10 micron diameter lumen capillaries with thin walls, scant basement lamellae (membranes), and blind-endings of 1 to 4 micron lumen diameter within endothelial-type cells. (arizona.edu)
  • Rab11 is essential for polarized post-Golgi vesicle trafficking to photosensitive membrane rhabdomeres in Drosophila photoreceptors. (sdbonline.org)
  • This study found that Parcas (Pcs) , recently shown to have guanine-nucleotide-exchange (GEF) activity toward Rab11, co-localizes with Rab11 on the trans-side of Golgi units and post-Golgi vesicles at the base of the rhabdomeres in pupal photoreceptors. (sdbonline.org)
  • Pcs fused with the EM-tag APEX2 localizes on 150-300 nm vesicles at the trans-side of Golgi units, which are presumably fly recycling endosomes. (sdbonline.org)
  • Caveolins are found predominantly at the plasma membrane but also in the Golgi, the endoplasmic reticulum, in vesicles, and at cytosolic locations. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Interestingly, VIP21 was isolated as an integral membrane protein component of transport vesicles derived from the trans-Golgi network in Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells, suggesting that Cav-1/VTP21 may have a role in molecular trafficking as well as oncogenesis. (biomedcentral.com)
  • These terminal endothelial cells also displayed intracytoplasmic channels and pinocytotic vesicles, extensive cytoplasmic processes and a high cytoplasmic volume-percent of mitochondria suggesting active transport capabilities of lymphatic endothelia. (arizona.edu)
  • Also labeled were saccules of smooth endoplasmic reticulum and pinocytotic vesicles in dendrites, glial processes and lightly myelinated axons. (nyu.edu)
  • Co-expression of P9 and P12 in a Pseudomonas host results in the formation of intracellular vesicles that are potential intermediates in the phi6 virion assembly pathway. (biomedcentral.com)
  • This approach will yield information on the rate of synaptic vesicle release in the dark and during the light response. (researchwithnj.com)
  • Synaptic vesicle membrane recycling will be followed by pulse labeling with ultrastructural tracers followed by rapid freezing or conventional fixation. (researchwithnj.com)
  • Since chPrP lacks a cytoplasmic domain that could interact directly with the intracellular components of clathrin-coated pits, we propose that the polypeptide chain of chPrP associates with the extracellular domain of a transmembrane protein that contains a coated pit internalization signal. (rupress.org)
  • Vesicles are spherical membrane structures composed of a lipid bilayer enclosing aqueous material. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Intracellular membrane structures are rare in bacteria, thus making them ideal chasses for cell-based vesicle production. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Furthermore, production of intracellular membrane vesicles in Escherichia coli can be triggered by expression of Acholeplasma laidlawii lipid glycosyltransferases [ 5 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • However, there were intracellular vesicles containing an amalgam of electron-dense and electron-light materials only in the EPF patients. (thedoctorsdoctor.com)
  • Free-living' ICM vesicles, which possess all the machinery for converting light energy into ATP, can be regarded as bacterial membrane organelles. (nih.gov)
  • Eukaryotic cells have elaborate cell signaling and trafficking systems based on different kinds of vesicle structures and membrane organelles. (biomedcentral.com)
  • By combining these techniques, it will be possible to identify the organelles which initiate membrane retrieval and which give rise to new generations of synaptic vesicles. (researchwithnj.com)
  • Membrane-bound electron-dense organelles, 50-200 nm in size found in neurons and endocrine cells. (bvsalud.org)
  • These cells have Golgy complex system, vacuoles, endocytotic vesicles and they posses distinctive pedicels. (civilica.com)
  • Compared to the dark cells, the light cells contain a conspicuously poorly stained cytoplasmic ground substance with varying number of rough endoplasmic reticulum cisterns and secretory granules. (uaeu.ac.ae)
  • At birth there are dense irregular cytoplasmic inclusions presumed to be lipide in renal cells, the cytoplasmic granules of Palade are abundant, and there are large round bodies in the cells of the proximal tubules. (rupress.org)
  • The lipide inclusions disappear a few days after birth, and the cytoplasmic granules of Palade diminish in abundance as the cells differentiate. (rupress.org)
  • This article describes how the presence of various abnormal cytoplasmic inclusions (a variety of wierd structures that don't belong) are associated with poorer fertilization rates using ICSI. (conceivingconcepts.com)
  • Germinating cells of D. congolensis were larger than motile-phase cells and contained characteristic translucent membraneless cytoplasmic inclusions. (microbiologyresearch.org)
  • A P9-GFP fusion protein was used to study the targeting of heterologous proteins into P9 vesicles. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Production of the GFP-tagged P9 vesicles required P12, which protected the fusion protein against proteolytic cleavage. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Our results demonstrate that the phi6 major envelope protein P9 can trigger formation of cytoplasmic membrane structures in E. coli in the absence of any other viral protein. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Cellular electron cryo-tomography revealed a protein layer showing two distinct hexagonal lattices at its membrane-proximal and membrane-distant faces, respectively. (princeton.edu)
  • Alterations in cell body, flagellum, kinetoplast, mitochondria, rosette formation, presence of electrodense vesicles suggestive of lipid body and increase in structures like acidocalcisssomes were observed. (ufpa.br)
  • The mitochondrial cytoplasmic volume-percent (mean 14.5%) exceeded that present in blood capillary endothelial cells of the rat brain (the anatomic substrate of the blood-brain barrier), that have a volume-percent of mitochondria of 10 to 12% (1). (arizona.edu)
  • Microsources are composed of a round mass of vesicles which contain electron-dense short rods with rounded ends, sometimes crossed by electron-transparent narrow bands. (kenyon.edu)
  • This analysis revealed a mixed electron-dense and electron-light material closely associated with desmosomes in patients. (thedoctorsdoctor.com)
  • Cell contents of hypnozygotes were reduced compared to vegetative stages and were largely made up of storage vesicles in a dense, granular matrix. (westminster.ac.uk)
  • Neuronal dense core vesicles release their cargo content by EXOCYTOSIS. (bvsalud.org)
  • A decrease in GFP fluorescence associated with the nuclear envelope was observed along with an increase in the diffuse, cytoplasmic signal with GFP foci. (tamu.edu)
  • Five skin biopsies from EPF patients and five from controls that tested positive for the presence of mercuric sulfides/selenides by autometallography were randomly selected for electron microscopic analysis. (thedoctorsdoctor.com)
  • Quantitative assessments of the laminar distribution of β-AR-LI in the cortex was achieved by computer-assisted image analysis of immunoautoradiographs and by quantitative electron microscopic analysis of peroxidase-antiperoxidase (PAP) labeling in aldehyde-fixed sections and unfixed synaptosomes. (nyu.edu)
  • The possibility to locate heterologous proteins into the P9-lipid vesicles facilitates the production of vesicular structures with novel properties. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The PufX polypeptide creates a channel that allows the lipid soluble electron carrier quinol, produced by RC photochemistry, to diffuse to the cytochrome bc1 complex, where quinols are oxidised to quinones, with the liberated protons used to generate a transmembrane proton gradient and the electrons returned to the RC via cytochrome c2. (uea.ac.uk)
  • These results suggest that local presentation of bFGF can mimic the muscle target in signaling the development of both a cytoplasmic and a membranous specialization for excitation-secretion coupling observed at the NMJ. (jneurosci.org)
  • Some ICM vesicles have no connection with other structures, others are found nearer to the cytoplasmic membrane (CM), often forming interconnected structures that retain a connection to the CM, and possibly having access to the periplasmic space. (nih.gov)
  • This study evaluated the minimum requirements for the formation of phi6-specific vesicles and the possibility to localize P9-tagged heterologous proteins into such structures in Escherichia coli . (biomedcentral.com)
  • In contrast, vesicles and other inner membrane structures are rare in bacteria. (biomedcentral.com)
  • They resemble the cytoplasmic droplets produced in the proximal tubules of adult rats and mice by the administration of proteins. (rupress.org)
  • The cystovirus Pseudomonas phage phi6 has an envelope that harbors five viral membrane proteins and phospholipids derived from the cytoplasmic membrane of its Gram-negative host. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Isolated vesicles contained predominantly P9-GFP, suggesting selective incorporation of P9-tagged fusion proteins into the vesicles. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The present study unravels a new molecular system for vesicle-based axonal transport of proteins in male and female flies (Drosophila melanogaster). (sdbonline.org)
  • Vesicular nucleo-cytoplasmic transport is becoming recognized as a general cellular mechanism for translocation of large cargoes across the nuclear envelope. (princeton.edu)
  • However, pre-elafin/trappin-2 and its domains display only weak lytic properties, as assessed by scanning electron micrography, outer and inner membrane depolarization studies with P. aeruginosa and leakage of liposome-entrapped calcein. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Ultrastructural analysis of infected Vero cells showed the virions within cell vesicles and around the cell membrane. (cdc.gov)
  • The differentiation of the cells of the cortical tubules has been studied using the light and electron microscopes. (rupress.org)
  • The labyrinth cells present basal membrane inflowing, apical vesicles, apical microvillus and apical extrusion cytoplasmic. (civilica.com)
  • With establishment of the lens vesicle, head mesoderm and neural crest cells migrate into a periocular location and eventually move into the anterior segment of the rudimentary eye between the surface ectoderm and the neural retina and lens. (biomedcentral.com)
  • A special type of close contact suggested cytoplasmic transfer between neighbouring cells. (edu.au)
  • Sometimes the SER is a network of tubules and vesicles and sometimes it shows up as enlarged sacs. (conceivingconcepts.com)
  • Autophagy requires the biogenesis of autophagosomes (APs), which are large multilamellar vesicles that sequester cytoplasmic substrates and undergo a maturation process that ultimately leads to their fusion with lysosomes. (columbia.edu)
  • Moreover, gold particles can be seen within coated vesicles and deeply invaginated coated pits that are in the process of pinching off from the plasma membrane. (rupress.org)
  • Our results provide a structural basis for the close kinetic coupling between RC-LH1-PufX and cytochrome bc1 observed by spectroscopy, and explain how quinols/quinones and cytochrome c2 shuttle on a millisecond timescale between these complexes, sustaining efficient photosynthetic electron flow. (uea.ac.uk)
  • An electron microscope study of the innervation of smooth muscle of the guinea pig vas deferens was undertaken in order to find a structural basis for recent electrophysiological observations. (edu.au)
  • Las vesículas de núcleo denso empaquetan moléculas de carga (NEUROPÉPTIDOS, NEUROTRANSMISORES y MICROARN) en una matriz interna granular. (bvsalud.org)
  • We have achieved a better quantitative comparison of nuclear and cytoplasmic exchange than is possible by autoradiography. (biologists.com)
  • 2) Receptors to the putative transmitters acetylcholine and gamma-aminobutyric acid will be visualized by radiolabeled ligands with light and electron microscopic autoradiography. (researchwithnj.com)
  • The density of the P9-specific membrane fraction was lower (approximately 1.13 g/cm 3 in sucrose) than the densities of the bacterial cytoplasmic and outer membrane fractions. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Their high electron density allows the microsources to produce bioluminescence 6. . (kenyon.edu)
  • Cytoplasmic sodium consists of 2 kinetic fractions: the larger (88 %) slowly exchanging (t 1/ 2 ∼ 2 days), and the smaller (12%) rapidly exchanging ( t 1/2 ∼53 min). (biologists.com)
  • Many axons contained "synaptic vesicles. (edu.au)
  • P. fusiformis' bioluminescence, or emitted blue-green light, originates from microsources found evenly distributed throughout the cytoplasmic layer surrounding the large central vacuole. (kenyon.edu)
  • ChPrP is also localized to coated pits in primary cultures of neurons and glia, and is found in coated vesicles purified from chicken brain. (rupress.org)
  • Rab11 often links vesicles to molecular motors, and this study finds that loss of the microtubule motor dynein also leads to defective Neuroglian and Ppk26 degradation. (sdbonline.org)
  • The molecular arrangement of the NEC establishes the basic mechanism for budding and scission of tailored vesicles at the INM. (princeton.edu)
  • Cytoplasmic dynein-1 (dynein) is an essential motor complex for mRNA transport and localisation. (biologists.com)
  • It will be interesting to see whether other types of dynein cargos (e.g. vesicles) could influence transport in a similar way. (biologists.com)
  • Nuclear sodium consists of a single fraction whose concentration is similar and whose rate constant is identical with that of the rapidly exchanging cytoplasmic fraction. (biologists.com)
  • We found that increased cytoplasmic expression of p62 was associated with high-grade PCa, indicating that autophagy signaling might be important for survival in high-grade tumors. (biomedcentral.com)