Because alternative RNA splicing allows different types of mRNA molecules to be created from a single gene, it generates the diversity of protein function and structure that is essential to complex organisms. (genomicglossaries.com)
More specifically, antisense oligonucleotides that are useful as reagents for target validation , or as drugs, are engineered molecules that differ from natural RNA but that have a base sequence that is recognized as being complementary to a very specific mRNA sequence. (genomicglossaries.com)
A complementary RNA sequence that binds to a naturally occurring (sense) mRNA molecule, thus blocking its translation. (genomicglossaries.com)
Strikingly, only one single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the 5' untranslated region (UTR) of mRNA strongly impaired translation in the USA300 strain, leading to a strong decrease in the level of HlgC but not in HlgB. (cnrs.fr)
Synthetic antisense RNAs are used to effect the functioning of specific genes for investigative or therapeutic purposes. (genomicglossaries.com)
Found1
MicX sRNA (formerly known as A10) is a small non-coding RNA found in Vibrio cholerae. (wikipedia.org)
RpoS12
DsrA RNA is a non-coding RNA that regulates both transcription, by overcoming transcriptional silencing by the nucleoid-associated H-NS protein, and translation, by promoting efficient translation of the stress sigma factor, RpoS. (wikipedia.org)
These two activities of DsrA can be separated by mutation: the first of three stem-loops of the 85 nucleotide RNA is necessary for RpoS translation but not for anti-H-NS action, while the second stem-loop is essential for antisilencing and less critical for RpoS translation. (wikipedia.org)
The sequence of the first stem-loop of DsrA is complementary with the upstream leader portion of RpoS messenger RNA, suggesting that pairing of DsrA with the RpoS message might be important for translational regulation. (wikipedia.org)
The structures of DsrA and DsrA/rpoS complex were studied by NMR. (wikipedia.org)
There is experimental evidence to suggest that DsrA interacts with the protein-coding genes hns, rbsD, argR, ilvI and rpoS via an anti-sense mechanism. (wikipedia.org)
In addition to this complex regulation of RpoS degradation, the translation of RpoS is positively regulated by multiple small RNAs. (nih.gov)
One of these, DsrA, is synthesized preferentially at low temperatures and is necessary for the low-temperature expression of RpoS. (nih.gov)
DsrA modulates RpoS synthesis by positively affecting translation of this protein by pairing with parts of the RpoS untranslated leader. (nih.gov)
A second small RNA regulator of RpoS, RprA, was also identified. (nih.gov)
RprA acts by a mechanism similar to that of DsrA in stimulating RpoS synthesis, but is regulated not by low temperature but by a two-component regulatory system responsive to cell surface status. (nih.gov)
We identified a third small RNA regulator of RpoS, ArcZ, that also positively regulates RpoS but is controlled by regulators that sense aerobic vs. anaerobic growth. (nih.gov)
The small RNAs link RpoS regulation to multiple environmental and metabolic inputs. (nih.gov)
Target mRNAs3
The study concluded that the sRNA contains a dynamic conformational equilibrium for its second stem-loop which might be an important mechanism for DsrA to regulate the translations of its multiple target mRNAs. (wikipedia.org)
Small RNAs that bind Hfq act by pairing to target mRNAs to change mRNA stability and translation. (nih.gov)
While the bacterial small RNAs parallel microRNAs in their ability to affect the stability and translation of target mRNAs, the pathway for their function is rather different. (nih.gov)
Coli2
Auto-assembly of E. coli DsrA small noncoding RNA: Molecular characteristics and functional consequences. (wikipedia.org)
This work combined with studies by others have defined more than 80 small RNAs in E. coli , and studies of these demonstrate that small RNAs are important and previously underappreciated components of many regulatory circuits. (nih.gov)
Regulation2
We first encountered small RNAs when studying the regulation of synthesis of a substrate for the energy-dependent proteases, and we continue to see significant overlap between mRNAs regulated by small RNAs and the products of these mRNAs that are regulated by proteolysis. (nih.gov)
Each of these small RNAs also negatively regulate other mRNAs, providing complex combinatorial regulation. (nih.gov)
Regulatory2
In the past decade, much of the lab has shifted to studying small regulatory RNAs, although we continue to investigate the mechanisms for regulating energy-dependent proteolysis. (nih.gov)
In collaboration with Gisela Storz (National Institutue of Child Health and Human Development) and others, we carried out a number of genome-wide searches for other small regulatory RNAs. (nih.gov)
Interactions2
There is evidence that DsrA RNA can self-assemble into nanostructures through antisense interactions of three self-complementary regions. (wikipedia.org)
These small RNA effects on the cell surface may modulate interactions with hosts, affecting the immune response and/or pathogenesis. (nih.gov)
Genes1
The lab has now developed rapid and flexible methods to scan all Hfq-binding small RNAs for their ability to regulate genes of interest. (nih.gov)
Small5
Initially, highly conserved stretches within intergenic regions were found to be reliable hallmarks of small RNAs. (nih.gov)
In another genome-wide collaborative study, we defined small RNAs that bind the RNA chaperone Hfq, used by fully 1/3 of the small RNAs in the cell. (nih.gov)
This led to identification of yet other, less conserved small RNAs. (nih.gov)
A large number of the small RNAs that bind Hfq have now been studied. (nih.gov)
A number of small RNAs were found to regulate major cell surface proteins, including proteins implicated in attachment of bacteria to surfaces. (nih.gov)