Drug utilization review. Medical search. Frequent questions

The Division of Workers' Compensation has adopted a drug formulary to implement Assembly Bill 1124 (Statutes 2015, Chapter 525). (ca.gov)
The regulations establish an evidence-based drug formulary, consistent with California's Medical Treatment Utilization Schedule (MTUS), to augment the provision of high-quality medical care, maximize health, and promote return to work in a timely fashion, while reducing administrative burden and cost. (ca.gov)
The DWC welcomes public comment on the MTUS Formulary and Drug List. (ca.gov)
The webinar provides an overview of the MTUS Drug Formulary regulations, including the adoption of the drug list, implementation of updated MTUS guidelines, a demo of the online formulary tools for pharmaceutical searches. (ca.gov)
What should I do before I can talk to my doctor about changing my prescription drugs or requesting an exception to the UPMC for Life formulary? (upmchealthplan.com)
Headquartered in St. Louis , Express Scripts provides integrated PBM services including network-pharmacy claims processing, home delivery services, specialty benefit management, benefit-design consultation, drug-utilization review, formulary management, and medical and drug data analysis services. (prnewswire.com)

In community pharmacy Settings, Federal Law (OBRA-90) requires drug utilization review for patients receiving medication through Medicaid. (wikipedia.org)
Recognizing that Medicaid recipients faced similar risks in the 1980s, Congress provided for the ambulatory drug utilization review under the Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act of 1990. (wikipedia.org)
Drug utilization review is mandated for Medicaid programs beginning in 1993. (harvard.edu)
This dataset contains information on labelers and products in the Medicaid Drug Utilization Review Program as collected through the Newly Revised Medicaid Drug Utilization Review Annual Report Survey, regarding prescriptions and reimbursements. (johnsnowlabs.com)
As part of a multifaceted response to address the growing problem of overuse and abuse of opioid analgesics ("opioids") in the Part D program, the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) adopted a policy in 2013 for Medicare Part D plan sponsors to implement enhanced drug utilization review. (cms.gov)

The increasing utilisation of the new AEDs presents a fresh challenge of identifying new toxicities and drug interactions. (bmj.com)
UPMC for Life has identified major drug interactions and sends a warning when a community pharmacist tries to fill a prescription for a medication that interacts with another medication the member is currently taking. (upmchealthplan.com)

1 - 3 A recent review showed that lack of adherence to a priori defined validity criteria may help explain why primary studies on the same topic provide different results. (bmj.com)
and the Database of Abstracts of Reviews of Effectiveness (DARE), which selects systematic reviews published in peer reviewed journals on the basis of their adherence to a few methodological requirements. (bmj.com)
High adherence to the 'Wise List' treatment recommendations in Stockholm: a 15-year retrospective review of a multifaceted approach promoting rational use of medicines. (janusinfo.se)

This authorized, structured and ongoing review is related to pharmacy benefit managers. (wikipedia.org)
Beginning August 1, 2024, dispensers will be required to report dispensations to the Controlled Substance Utilization Review and Evaluation System (CURES) using version 4.2B of the American Society for Automation in Pharmacy (ASAP) format. (ca.gov)
Pharmacy services: drug utilization review. (ohio.gov)
An Integrated Care Management Plan which includes ED/Inpatient/pharmacy utilization history data and care alerts, is shared with the member's care team. (healthchoiceaz.com)
We have built safeguards into our pharmacy system that are designed to minimize the chance of a harmful drug interaction from occurring. (upmchealthplan.com)
Our internal clinical pharmacy team reviews, reports, and identifies members who are potentially at risk for adverse drug events. (upmchealthplan.com)
From the pharmacy perspective, we always care about the drug usage," Ling said. (pcom.edu)
In his role as an associate professor of pharmacy practice at PCOM School of Pharmacy , Ling is teaching his students to think about ways to improve patient outcomes by reviewing emerging drug therapies. (pcom.edu)

In this systematic review, AED prescriptions in different countries were identified from the published literature. (bmj.com)
On the other hand, a systematic review concluded that there was no evidence for clinical benefits from the use of NSAIDs or steroidal drugs in the treatment of patients with dementia [ 11 ]. (springer.com)
Strategies to engage family physicians in primary care research: A systematic review. (nih.gov)
Effectiveness of Shared Decision-making Training Programs for Health Care Professionals Using Reflexivity Strategies: Secondary Analysis of a Systematic Review. (nih.gov)
Global prevalence of antidepressant drug utilization in the community: protocol for a systematic review. (nih.gov)
4 Some key issues still remain unresolved: which checklists and scales are the ideal approaches 5 and how the results of quality assessment in a systematic review should be handled in the analysis and interpretation of results. (bmj.com)
Methods: The authors performed a systematic review of primary literature from 1999 to 2020 reporting on NHIS patient satisfaction in eight databases (including PubMed, Embase, and Africa-wide Information). (bvsalud.org)

Short-acting and Long-acting Opioids Utilization among Women Diagnosed with Endometriosis in the United States: A Population-based Claims Study. (harvard.edu)
CMS immediately began working with Part D sponsors to improve drug utilization controls and better manage overutilization of opioids at the beneficiary level. (cms.gov)
reviews the utilisation of strong opioids on the Community Drug Schemes over a ten-year period. (hse.ie)
Prior to initiation of opioids for CNCP, prescribers should ensure that individuals understand the expected benefit and risk of harms, and agree treatment goals, a review strategy and a plan for discontinuation. (hse.ie)
In addition to the harms associated with misuse and abuse of the drugs, there are other possible harms from opioids. (cadth.ca)

The Role of European Healthcare Databases for Post-Marketing Drug Effectiveness, Safety and Value Evaluation: Where Does Italy Stand? (harvard.edu)
Cars T, Lindhagen L, Malmström R, Neovius M, Schwieler J, Wettermark B, Sundström J. Effectiveness of Drugs in Routine Care: A Model for Sequential Monitoring of New Medicines using Dronedarone as Example. (janusinfo.se)

Drug use/ utilization evaluation and medication utilization evaluations are the same as drug utilization review. (wikipedia.org)
Then, how to use drug utilization evaluation and drug economy evaluation to improve and optimize the allocation of medical and health resources is a major problem faced by many countries. (wikipedia.org)
CURES (Controlled Substance Utilization Review and Evaluation System) is a database of Schedule II, Schedule III, Schedule IV and Schedule V controlled substance prescriptions dispensed in California serving the public health, regulatory oversight agencies, and law enforcement. (ca.gov)
Prospective DUR (PDUR) is an evaluation of planned drug therapy prior to dispensing, while concurrent DUR (CDUR) is a real-time review of the course of treatment, monitoring drug therapies and patient outcomes. (admere.com)

In 1970, Drug utilization review program was carried out by a private pharmaceutical management company. (wikipedia.org)
Substantiated benefits of independent review include patient protection, positive impact on health plan review processes and other health care management activities, and a reduction of costly litigation. (admere.com)
Similarly, utilization management services have become more prominent. (admere.com)
As noted by the National Association of Independent Review Organizations (NAIRO), IROs render increased transparency for both payers and providers, decreased risk through proactive risk management and improved member satisfaction through unbiased, evidenced-based external determination. (admere.com)
As a URAC-accredited national provider of independent medical and utilization reviews, AMR offers a wide array of services to group health organizations including acting as a delegated entity within utilization management programs. (admere.com)
Director of Quality Improvement, Case Management, Risk Manager - Responsible for the quality, utilization, and risk programs for a 100+ bed medical/surgical/psychiatric hospital with two campuses. (exponent.com)
Director of Quality Assurance/Utilization Review - Responsible for utilization, quality, and risk management programs for a 130-bed medical/surgical and psychiatric hospital. (exponent.com)
Reorganized and streamlined the utilization management program. (exponent.com)
A variety of solutions address the rising cost of drugs under the medical benefits including medical policies, infusion site of care, channel management, and more. (bcbsmt.com)
Utilization Management - Offering over a hundred programs at no additional charge like prior authorization, step therapy and drug dispensing limits. (bcbsmt.com)

By conducting drug utilization analysis, we can improve the quality of patient care, enhance therapeutic outcomes, prevent adverse drug reactions, and reduce inappropriate pharmaceutical expenditures, reducing overall healthcare costs. (pcom.edu)
pH Sensitive Drug Delivery Systems (PSDDS) are gaining importance as these systems deliver the drug at specific time as per the pathophysiological need of the disease, resulting in improved patient therapeutic efficacy and compliance. (scialert.net)

Impact of a nationwide prospective drug utilization review program to improve prescribing safety of potentially inappropriate medications in older adults: An interrupted time series with segmented regression analysis. (harvard.edu)
A range of other medications were tested with the same algorithm, including drugs acting on the immune system, but none of them correlated with (overall) significantly improved test results. (springer.com)
One of UPMC for Life 's goals in designing drug formularies and utilization programs is to promote the safe and effective use of medications. (upmchealthplan.com)
Drug utilization is also reviewed after prescriptions for medications have been filled. (upmchealthplan.com)
As the price and utilization of these medications continue to escalate, it becomes increasingly necessary to ensure safe and effective medication use while managing costs. (bcbsmt.com)

Prescription prior-authorization policy means that the health plan or state program is required to review a physician's prescription request before coverage for the medication is granted. (cdc.gov)
Review status of authorization and referral requests. (healthchoiceaz.com)

Review is usually retrospective, but some analysis may be done before drugs are dispensed (as in computer systems which advise physicians when prescriptions are entered). (harvard.edu)
Drug utilisation studies provide an insight into the current standards and trends of drug prescriptions. (bmj.com)
Drug Utilization Review (DUR) is designed to improve the quality of pharmaceutical care by ensuring that prescriptions are appropriate, medically necessary and unlikely to result in adverse medical outcomes. (alabama.gov)

Prospective drug utilization review refers to assessing appropriate drug and decision making therapeutically before patients' medication are dispensed. (wikipedia.org)
This prospective review is based on the history recording of the drug and medication. (wikipedia.org)
Leading providers of drug utilization review (DUR) programs deliver prospective, concurrent and retrospective reviews that allow payers to assess the necessity and safety of drugs and/or medication regimens. (admere.com)
Medicaid's DUR program includes prospective, online and retrospective review as well as use of standards developed by the National Council for Prescription Drug Programs (NCPDP). (alabama.gov)

In a clinical trial, researchers attempt to determine if new medical treatments, drugs or devices are safe and effective. (pcom.edu)
As part of a recent research project, Ling analyzed results from a clinical trial involving a drug therapy for patients with HFrEF (heart failure with reduced ejection fraction). (pcom.edu)
So we conducted a drug utilization analysis to retrospectively review the medical records of patients with HFrEF at our clinic and assess their eligibility for the clinical trials. (pcom.edu)
This exercise is very similar to what Ling does when he retrospectively reviews charts from clinical studies and prepares case reports. (pcom.edu)
Provide drug information and clinical support to healthcare teams. (soliant.com)
Optimal clinical outcome cannot be achieved if drug plasma concentrations are constant. (scialert.net)
Although, significant progress has been made in the controlled drug delivery area, more advances are yet to be made for treating many clinical disorders, such as diabetes and rhythmic heart disorders. (scialert.net)
Aetna has reached these conclusions based upon a review of currently available clinical information (including clinical outcome studies in the peer-reviewed published medical literature, regulatory status of the technology, evidence-based guidelines of public health and health research agencies, evidence-based guidelines and positions of leading national health professional organizations, views of physicians practicing in relevant clinical areas, and other relevant factors). (aetna.com)

Methods Databases Embase (1980-May 2017), Medline (1946-May 2017) and PubMed were searched for original research on AED utilisation. (bmj.com)

By the mid-1970, many medical programs cooperate with private companies that providing drug utilization review. (wikipedia.org)
Drug Utilization Review" is a descriptor in the National Library of Medicine's controlled vocabulary thesaurus, MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) . (harvard.edu)
CURES is committed to the reduction of prescription drug abuse and diversion without affecting legitimate medical practice or patient care. (ca.gov)
e) Peer-reviewed medical literature (that is, scientific, medical, and pharmaceutical publications in which original manuscripts are rejected or published after having been critically reviewed by unbiased independent experts). (ohio.gov)
The primary objectives of independent review organizations (IROs) are to help ensure that any proposed medical treatment is consistent with State or federal guidelines, plan language and or evidenced based medicine. (admere.com)
Utilization review often includes medical director services, panel reviews for complex cases , as well as fully- or partially-delegated pre-service, concurrent and post-service physician level reviews. (admere.com)
Another is physician-level review of medical records utilized by health plan professionals to determine whether or not to uphold a denial of coverage for a specific claim. (admere.com)
Current offerings include the use of the Medical Treatment Utilization Schedule (MTUS) and tips for Qualified Medical Evaluators (QME). (ca.gov)
Utilization review is a health insurance company's opportunity to review a request for medical treatment. (howstuffworks.com)
The purpose of the review is to confirm that the plan provides coverage for your medical services. (howstuffworks.com)
In his medical writing class, Ling instructs his students to find a topic of interest and search for information about new drug therapies, changes in treatment guidelines or findings about the disease itself. (pcom.edu)
Prior to joining Exponent, Ms. Maltby was an independent Healthcare Consultant, where she reviewed and evaluated medical records, depositions, and other records for the identification of issues in litigated cases, workers' compensation claims, and insurance matters. (exponent.com)
Ongoing monitoring of medical staff, assisted nursing department in development of peer review. (exponent.com)
2014). He has published numerous articles in international peer-reviewed journals as well as several books and monographs, including a book on paediatrics that is the standard text book for medical students in India and south Asia. (who.int)

Concurrent administration of potentially nephrotoxic drugs should be carefully approached or avoided. (petsupplies.com)
Ask about our concurrent drug-utilization review and risk identification outreach for opioid misuse, and many other options. (bcbsmt.com)

A retrospective review of all severe theophylline toxicity admissions to the ICU from 1 January 2013 to 31 December 2018 was conducted. (bvsalud.org)

BACKGROUND: It is widely acknowledged that many prescription drug errors occur in the ambulatory care setting and that they have serious quality of care implications. (cdc.gov)

In drug utilization review, clinicians review patients' prescription and medication data (and/or OTC drugs) before, during or after dispensing to ensure appropriate decision-making and positive patient outcomes. (admere.com)

Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf. (harvard.edu)

Methods for assessment of methodological quality by systematic reviews are still in their infancy and there is substantial room for improvement. (bmj.com)

Provided consultations and answered inquiries from patients, healthcare professionals and physicians regarding drugs, potential side effects and specified use. (livecareer.com)
Healthcare providers treating, evaluating, or performing utilization review in the California workers' compensation system may access the MTUS (ACOEM) Guidelines and MTUS Drug List at no cost by registering at https://www.mdguidelines.com/MTUS . (ca.gov)
Schmidt-Mende K, Andersen M, Wettermark B, Hasselström J. Educational intervention on medication reviews aiming to reduce acute healthcare consumption in elderly patients with potentially inappropriate medicines -A pragmatic open-label cluster randomized controlled trial in primary care. (janusinfo.se)

b) The DUR board shall recommend multiple levels of interventions for physicians and pharmacists targeted toward therapy problems or individuals identified in the course of retrospective drug use reviews. (ohio.gov)

Formal programs for assessing drug prescription against some standard. (harvard.edu)
The DUR Annual Report Survey included since 2014 new sections on fraud, waste and abuse, Prescription Drug Monitoring Program and state Managed Care Organizations. (johnsnowlabs.com)
State prescription drug lists. (cdc.gov)
The review is done each time you fill a prescription, as well as on a regular basis. (bcbsnm.com)
Prescription suitability was determined based on the approved indications in the drug data sheet of the three BT type A available in the hospital: Botox, Dysport and Xeomin. (bmj.com)
the use of prescription drugs. (utah.gov)
Clients should be advised to observe for signs of potential drug toxicity and be given a Client Information Sheet with each prescription. (petsupplies.com)
With 50% of Americans having at least one prescription 1 , drug coverage is a vital benefit to employees. (bcbsmt.com)
Give employees more choices while retaining the benefits and availability for nearly all branded prescription drugs with prescription drug coverage and programs designed to help simplify experiences and lower costs. (bcbsmt.com)
This seamless digital experience encourages members to select lower cost drug identified through its search engine, resulting in lower costs for the life of the prescription and a cash reward for switching. (bcbsmt.com)
The mean number of drugs per prescription was 2.08 and 2.36 in the public and private sectors respectively. (who.int)
Mode de prescription de médicament en soins de santé primaires à Riyadh (Arabie saoudite). (who.int)
Les médecins de soins de santé primaires en Arabie saoudite ont besoin d'une formation continue pour améliorer leurs pratiques de prescription. (who.int)
2pharmacists)reachedaconsensus reviewedinmoredetailintheliterature Riyadhcityisservedbyalmost120PHC about whether the prescription was reviews accompanying this series of centresdistributedacross5healthsec- clearlywrittenornot.Inadditionthe papers[1-3]. (who.int)

The Cox1/2 inhibitors are included in the umbrella term non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) In addition to these drugs, cortisone-based steroids could be candidates to address inflammaging, although they have, in addition to their anti-inflammatory effects also immune-suppressive activities. (springer.com)
Since many NSAIDs possess the potential to produce gastrointestinal ulcerations and/or gastrointestinal perforation, concomitant use of EQUIOXX with other anti-inflammatory drugs, such as NSAIDs or corticosteroids, should be avoided. (petsupplies.com)

Objectives This study aims to determine global anti-epileptic drug (AED) utilisation prevalence and describe utilisation trends in different countries. (bmj.com)
There is an increasing prevalence of new-generation anti-epileptic drugs (AEDs). (bmj.com)

Then, especially in the community medicine setting, Drug utilization review plays a key role for pharmacist. (wikipedia.org)

Objectives To describe how the methodological quality of primary studies is assessed in systematic reviews and whether the quality assessment is taken into account in the interpretation of results. (bmj.com)
Severe theophylline toxicity requiring haemodialysis accounts for approximately one-third of drug toxicity cases admitted to the Livingstone Tertiary Hospital (LTH) intensive care unit (ICU) in Gqeberha, South Africa, imposing a significant resource burden.Objectives. (bvsalud.org)

Prevention of drug-related problems such as adverse drug reactions, treatment failure, overuse, under-use, incorrect dosage and use of over-the-counter drugs g. (wikipedia.org)
There are some issues addressed by this review: drug abuse clinically, alteration of drug dosage, drug-drug interaction, and drug-disease interaction. (wikipedia.org)

There can be limits on how much of a drug you're allowed. (bcbsnm.com)
The presence of calcium limits their compatibility with certain drugs that form precipitates of calcium salts, and also prohibits their simultaneous infusion through the same administration set as blood because of the likelihood of coagulation. (dog.com)

The HDHP-HSA and ACA Preventive Drug Programs are benefits that groups can choose if they have High Deductible Health Plans (HDHP). (bcbsmt.com)

They are as follows: (1) reducing hospitalizations due to adverse drug events, (2) preventing and detecting fraud and abuse, and (3) supporting evidence-based prescribing through communication with others through academic details (i.e., face-to-face educational outreach by authoritative professionals in the non-profit sector). (wikipedia.org)

a) The DUR board shall review and recommend criteria used in DUR. (ohio.gov)

This increase poses important problems, including a) the lack of available antimicrobial therapy for VRE infections, because most VRE are also resistant to drugs previously used to treat such infections (e.g., aminoglycosides and ampicillin), and b) the possibility that the vancomycin-resistant genes present in VRE can be transferred to other gram-positive microorganisms (e.g. (cdc.gov)
This increase poses several problems, including a) the lack of available antimicrobials for therapy of infections caused by VRE, because most VRE are also resistant to multiple other drugs (e.g., aminoglycosides and ampicillin) previously used for the treatment of infections due to these organisms, and b) the possibility that the vancomycin resistance genes present in VRE may be transferred to other gram-positive microorganisms such as Staphylococcus aureus. (cdc.gov)

From 1985, hospitals in America are requested to use drug utilization review when using antibiotics. (wikipedia.org)
Antibiotics were the most commonly prescribed drugs in both sectors. (who.int)

Uneétude descriptive, transversale portant sur les patientes traitées en radiothérapie à l'Hôpital Général de Douala pour cancer du col de l'utérus a été réalisée d'octobre 2020 à janvier 2021.Résultats. (bvsalud.org)

It set up three relevant goals for a drug utilization review program. (wikipedia.org)

Questions have been raised on the efficacy of treatment of depression and anxiety, suicidality rates and tolerability of drugs. (wits.ac.za)
In the last two decades, several new anti-epileptic drugs (AEDs) have been approved for the treatment of epilepsy. (bmj.com)
The plan can ask you to start treatment with a drug that costs less but works just as well (for example, a generic name drug) instead of starting with a drug that costs more. (bcbsnm.com)
Sydney (T. Gottlieb) drugs for treatment of most infections. (cdc.gov)
therefore, variations both in a disease state and in drug plasma concentration need to be taken into consideration in developing drug delivery systems intended for the treatment of disease with adequate dose. (scialert.net)

California law (Health and Safety Code Section 11165.1) requires all California licensed health care practitioners authorized to prescribe Schedule II, Schedule III, Schedule IV and Schedule V controlled substances to register for access to CURES upon issuance of a Drug Enforcement Administration Controlled Substance Registration Certificate. (ca.gov)

The process of utilization review aims to assist payers in improving coordination of care, verifying members receive high-quality, medically necessary care , and improving organizational oversight. (admere.com)

Drug utilization review refers to a review of prescribing, dispensing, administering and ingesting of medication. (wikipedia.org)
A health insurance exclusion refers to anything an insurance plan doesn't cover, from drugs to surgeries. (howstuffworks.com)

Novox is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID). (kvsupply.com)
EQUIOXX (firocoxib) belongs to the coxib class of non-narcotic, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID). (petsupplies.com)

Local production and access to medicines in low- and middle-income countries : a literature review and critical analysis. (who.int)

It is reviewed as new drugs come to market and when potentially harmful drug combinations are discovered. (upmchealthplan.com)

Drug utilization reviews will help ensure that drugs are used appropriately (for individual patients). (wikipedia.org)
In addition, in a study conducted in Scotland, the Predicting Emergency Admissions Over the Next Year (PEONY) score was used to predict the emergency admissions of patients aged ≥ 40 years using chronically used drugs. (nature.com)
Drug compatibility should be monitored in patients requiring adjunctive therapy. (petsupplies.com)
These plans allow clients to customize their benefits on some chronic disease states and navigate patients to preferred drugs to reduce costs. (bcbsmt.com)

One type of peer review consists of managing a doctor's performance and ensuring his or her skills are held to the highest standards. (admere.com)
Overall, peer review was developed to improve the quality and safety of patient care, reduce an organization's malpractice liability and meet regulatory requirements. (admere.com)
Peer review companies have been found to have a positive influence on health plans' internal review processes, such as accelerating time frames for review and bringing in more external specialists for reviews of complex cases. (admere.com)

Because the ACA was designed to improve care and reduce costs, the independent review industry experienced marked growth soon after the legislation was passed. (admere.com)

4 Studies based on health insurance records may however underestimate actual drug use because drugs not reimbursed by national health services may not be recorded. (bmj.com)

Employers see reduced health care spend with increased use of lower-cost drugs. (bcbsmt.com)
ABSTRACT This paper reviews the essential components of health care delivery systems in Arab countries and their development over the past 3 decades. (who.int)

Overall, only 496 (51.4%) used the quality assessment in the analysis and interpretation of the results or in their discussion, with no significant differences between Cochrane reviews and paper based reviews (52% v 49%, P = 0.58). (bmj.com)
Conclusions Cochrane reviews fared better than systematic reviews published in paper based journals in terms of assessment of methodological quality of primary studies, although they both largely failed to take it into account in the interpretation of results. (bmj.com)
Critical appraisal of the methodological quality of primary studies is an essential feature of systematic reviews. (bmj.com)
We compared the approaches used for quality assessment of primary studies by Cochrane systematic reviews with systematic reviews published in paper based journals. (bmj.com)
We determined how quality assessment is used and whether systematic reviews consider quality assessment in their results. (bmj.com)
We developed this form by taking into account published reports on the quality assessment of trials included in systematic reviews. (bmj.com)

For example, the increasing use of lamotrigine in Sweden resulted in an increase in the reports of adverse reactions to the drug. (bmj.com)
Through the OMS, Part D sponsors are provided quarterly reports on high risk beneficiaries and are required to provide CMS with the outcome of their review of each case. (cms.gov)
As Risk Manager, performed reviews, follow up, trending of incident reports, identification of potential problems, and interfacing with legal department and malpractice carrier. (exponent.com)

Chemicals and Drugs2

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment1

Anthropology, Education, Sociology and Social Phenomena1

Information Science1

Health Care19

Geographicals2

Formulary6

Medicaid5

Interactions2

Adherence3

Pharmacy8

Systematic review7

Opioids5

Effectiveness2

Evaluation4

Management10

Therapeutic2

Medications5

Authorization2

Prescriptions3

Prospective4

Clinical8

20171

Medical14

Concurrent2

20181

Ambulatory1

Outcomes1

Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf1

Methods1

Healthcare3

Interventions1

Prescription14

NSAIDs2

Prevalence2

Pharmacist1

Objectives2

Dosage2

Limits2

Programs1

Adverse drug e1

Board1

Aminoglycosides and ampicillin2

Antibiotics2

20201

Program1

Treatment5

California1

Aims1

Refers2

NSAID2

Literature1

Combinations1

Patients4

Peer3

Legislation1

Services1

Health care2

Quality6

Reports3