• Gammaherpesvirinae is a subfamily of viruses in the order Herpesvirales and in the family Herpesviridae. (wikipedia.org)
  • There are 43 species in this subfamily, divided among 7 genera with three species unassigned to a genus. (wikipedia.org)
  • Diseases associated with this subfamily include: HHV-4: infectious mononucleosis. (wikipedia.org)
  • Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is a member of the Lymphocryptovirus genus, Gammaherpesvirinae subfamily of the Herpesviridae family of viruses. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Bovine herpesvirus type 6 (BoHV-6) belongs to the Gammaherpesvirinae subfamily of the genus Macavirus, which includes viruses that are tropic to the lymphoid cells of ruminants. (journalveterinariya.ru)
  • The type species of LYMPHOCRYPTOVIRUS, subfamily GAMMAHERPESVIRINAE , infecting B-cells in humans. (lookformedical.com)
  • A genus of the family HERPESVIRIDAE, subfamily ALPHAHERPESVIRINAE, consisting of herpes simplex-like viruses. (lookformedical.com)
  • Gammaherpesvirinae consists of the following seven genera: Bossavirus Lymphocryptovirus Macavirus Manticavirus Patagivirus Percavirus Rhadinovirus Additionally, the following three species are unassigned to a genus: Equid gammaherpesvirus 7 Phocid gammaherpesvirus 2 Saguinine gammaherpesvirus 1 Viruses in Gammaherpesvirinae are enveloped, with icosahedral, spherical to pleomorphic, and round geometries, and T=16 symmetry. (wikipedia.org)
  • Malignant catarrhal fever (MCF) is a viral infectious disease caused by specific members of the Macavirus genus that are referred to as the MCF virus (MCFV) complex group. (bvsalud.org)
  • Malignant catarrhal fever (MCF) is a severe, systemic, lymphoproliferative disease affecting domestic ruminants, caused by a group of MCF viruses in the genus Macavirus. (tamu.edu)
  • Within the Gammaherpesvirinae there are a number of unclassified viruses including Cynomys herpesvirus 1 (CynGHV-1) Elephantid herpesvirus 3, Elephantid herpesvirus 4, Elephantid herpesvirus 5, Procavid herpesvirus 1, Trichechid herpesvirus 1 and Common bottlenose dolphin gammaherpesvirus 1. (wikipedia.org)
  • Gammaherpesviruses are of primary interest due to the two human viruses, EBV (Epstein-Barr virus) and KSHV (Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus) and the diseases they cause. (wikipedia.org)
  • Attenuated virus mutants represent a promising approach towards gamma-herpesvirus infection control. (wikipedia.org)
  • The Epstein-Barr Virus ( EBV ), also called Human herpesvirus 4 (HHV-4), is a virus of the herpes family (which includes Herpes simplex virus and Cytomegalovirus ), and is one of the most common viruses in humans . (wikidoc.org)
  • Both viruses play an important role in human multistep herpesvirus DNA polymerase gene by heminested PCR, carcinogenesis, especially in immunodeficient patients. (cdc.gov)
  • Important prototypes of this family comprise human herpesviruses, such as Human herpesvirus (HHV)-1 and -2 (known as herpes simplex virus (HSV)-1 and -2), and animal herpesviruses. (biomedcentral.com)
  • KSHV is a herpesvirus , and is a large double-stranded DNA virus with a protein covering that packages its nucleic acids, called the virion , which is then surrounded by an amorphous protein layer called the tegument , and finally enclosed in a lipid envelope derived in part from the cell membrane. (wikidoc.org)
  • Diseases associated with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infections, such as infectious mononucleosis (IM), EBV-associated hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (EBV-HLH) and chronic active EBV infection (CAEBV) are not rare in Chinese children. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Type 1 EBV and BZLF1 Zp-P of EBV were the predominant genotypes in nonmalignant EBV associated diseases in Chinese children and Zp-V3 variant may correlates with the developing of severe EBV infection diseases, such as CAEBV and EBV-HLH. (biomedcentral.com)
  • It is postulated that following natural infection with EBV, the virus executes some or all of its repertoire of gene expression programs to establish a persistent infection. (wikidoc.org)
  • The ability of a pathogenic virus to lie dormant within a cell (latent infection). (lookformedical.com)
  • Glycoprotein D is essential for virus penetration into permissive cells and thus is a major target for virus neutralizing antibodies during infection. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Gay and bi-sexual men are more susceptible to infection (through still unknown routes of sexual transmission) whereas the virus is transmitted through non-sexual routes in developing countries. (wikidoc.org)
  • However, most of the sequences of these orangutans and 4 gibbons, of two species-specific lym- viruses, which allow phylogenetic studies, have only been phocryptovirus sequences, that were slightly different recently obtained (4). (cdc.gov)
  • Proteins found in any species of virus. (lookformedical.com)
  • The type species of ORTHOPOXVIRUS, related to COWPOX VIRUS , but whose true origin is unknown. (lookformedical.com)
  • Subunit, DNA and vectored vaccine candidates have been developed using this glycoprotein as the primary antigen, demonstrating that gD has the capacity to induce robust virus neutralizing antibodies and strong cell-mediated immune responses, as well as protection from clinical symptoms, in target species. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The virus establishes latency for long periods and can be reactivated and shed, resulting in clinical disease in susceptible species. (bioone.org)
  • A sensitive and specific peptide-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was developed to study the seroprevalence of both viruses in a broad range of species among both wild and captive populations. (bioone.org)
  • This study investigated the cause of an outbreak of an acute respiratory disease syndrome followed by episodes of diarrhea in a dairy cattle herd from Southern Brazil. (bvsalud.org)
  • Bluetongue is a non-contagious disease of ruminants caused by a virus from the Orbivirus genus, Reoviridae family, that affects domestic and wild ruminants, including cattle, sheep, goats, buffaloes and deer. (journalveterinariya.ru)
  • Clinically the disease manifests in sheep and cattle. (journalveterinariya.ru)
  • The virus was first isolated in 1972 in the USA from cattle with lymphosarcoma. (journalveterinariya.ru)
  • The virus was detected almost simultaneously in cattle in many countries of the world: USA (1998), Great Britain (2008), Canada (2010), Belgium (2013), Poland (2013), Russia (2013), New Zealand (2014). (journalveterinariya.ru)
  • The results of the studies made it possible to understand that the virus is ubiquitous among cattle and is most likely not associated with any particular disease. (journalveterinariya.ru)
  • Nevertheless, the facts of detection of the pathogen in animals with pathologies of the reproductive system, udder pathologies, from animals with bovine leukemia made researchers think about the mechanisms of transmission of the virus and, most importantly, about its etiological role in the structure of infectious pathology of cattle. (journalveterinariya.ru)
  • Gammaherpesviruses may be a cause of chronic fibrotic lung diseases in humans and in animals. (wikipedia.org)
  • This virus is associated with a wide variety of diseases, both benign and malignant, which ubiquitously infect humans and persist for the lifetime of the individual. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The finding of this new gibbon virus, which clus- ma samples from 10 orangutans and 3 gibbons with titers ters with a related chimpanzee virus in the rhadinovirus 2 from 1/20 to 1/160, while seroreactivity against the latent genogroup, suggests the existence of a novel -2-her- nuclear antigen was more rarely detected (7 orangutans pesvirus in humans. (cdc.gov)
  • Among the latter, recent comparison and from http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/blast/Blast.cgi), indi- phylogenetic analyses of all available sequences support cated a novel -herpesviral DNA polymerase sequence that the existence of two distinct genogroups called RV1 and was closely related to the Rhadinovirus genus strains. (cdc.gov)
  • Deep nasal swabs (DNS) from asymptomatic calves, calves with pulmonary discomfort, and diarrheic calves after episodes of respiratory distress were used in molecular assays designed to detect the principal pathogens associated with bovine respiratory disease (BRD). (bvsalud.org)
  • Viruses that establish lifelong latent infections must ensure that the viral genome is maintained within the latently infected cell throughout the life of the host, yet at the same time must also be capable of avoiding elimination by the immune surveillance system especially must avoid being detected by host CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs). (wikipedia.org)
  • DIVA vaccines include genetically engineered gene-deleted viruses, for example gE − virus, and subunit or vectored vaccines based on a viral envelope glycoprotein such as gD. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Herpesviruses represent a group of double-stranded DNA viruses distributed widely within the animal kingdom. (wikipedia.org)
  • On infecting the B-lymphocyte, the linear virus genome circularizes and the virus subsequently persists within the cell as an episome. (wikidoc.org)
  • The EBNA-1 protein is essential for maintenance of the virus genome . (wikidoc.org)
  • Starting from these fragments, this research team was then able to sequence the entire genome of the virus less than two years later. (wikidoc.org)
  • Surprisingly, latency-deficient and, therefore, apathogenic MHV-68 mutants are found to be highly effective vaccines against these viruses. (wikipedia.org)
  • Brucellosis is an infectious zoonotic disease caused by bacteria of the genus Brucella. (journalveterinariya.ru)
  • The mechanism by which latent viruses, such as genetically transmitted tumor viruses ( PROVIRUSES ) or PROPHAGES of lysogenic bacteria, are induced to replicate and then released as infectious viruses. (lookformedical.com)
  • This virus causes Kaposi's sarcoma , a cancer commonly occurring in AIDS patients, as well as primary effusion lymphoma and some types of multicentric Castleman's disease . (wikidoc.org)
  • Epizootic risks caused by the vector-borne transmission of the bluetongue virus are associated with the flying season of insects, as well as the expansion of their range due to global warming. (journalveterinariya.ru)
  • Virus shedding is an important means of vertical transmission (INFECTIOUS DISEASE TRANSMISSION, VERTICAL). (lookformedical.com)
  • Vaccination is one of the most cost-effective strategies to prevent and control the clinical signs and transmission of these viruses. (biomedcentral.com)
  • This led to the first suggestions in the 1950s that this tumor might be caused by a virus. (wikidoc.org)
  • Immunohistochemical and molecular assays designed to identify common infectious disease pathogens of dogs did not confirm the participation of canine distemper virus, canine parvovirus, or canine adenovirus in the target tissues of this dog. (bvsalud.org)
  • Specific molecular components of the cell capable of recognizing and interacting with a virus, and which, after binding it, are capable of generating some signal that initiates the chain of events leading to the biological response. (lookformedical.com)
  • The objective of this study was to investigate the relationship between EBV genotypes (Zp variants and EBV type 1 and 2) and the clinical phenotypes of EBV-associated diseases in Chinese children. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The biology and pathogenesis of EBV has been the focus of many studies but the clinical management of the disease is poorly understood. (biomedcentral.com)
  • For clinical aspects of the disease, see Mononucleosis . (wikidoc.org)
  • The association of type 1 or type 2 EBV and variants of the EBV BZLF1 promoter zone (Zp) with these diseases is unclear. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Whether certain EBV genotypes are involved in the pathogenesis of specific EBV-related diseases has been the subject of investigation in recent years. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The virus can execute many distinct programs of gene expression which can be broadly categorized as being lytic cycle or latent cycle. (wikidoc.org)
  • Any of the processes by which cytoplasmic factors influence the differential control of gene action in viruses. (lookformedical.com)
  • The latent phase maintains the virus long-term in its host and can lead to the productive phase where virus is reactivated and produced allowing it to be transmitted. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Eventually, when host immunity develops, the virus persists by turning off most (or possibly all) of its genes, only occasionally reactivating to produce fresh virions. (wikidoc.org)
  • Sheep are the reservoir host of the virus, and only rarely manifest disease. (tamu.edu)
  • Careful analysis of epidemiologic data by Valerie Beral, Thomas Peterman and Harold Jaffe, led these investigators to propose that KS is caused by an unknown sexually transmitted virus that rarely causes tumors unless the host becomes immunosuppressed , as in AIDS. (wikidoc.org)
  • EBNA-1 possesses a glycine - alanine repeat that impairs antigen processing and MHC class I-restricted antigen presentation thereby inhibiting the CD8-restricted cytotoxic T-cell response against virus infected cells. (wikidoc.org)
  • Process of growing viruses in live animals, plants, or cultured cells. (lookformedical.com)
  • Candidiasis is a fungal disease caused by Candida albicans or other members of the genus Candida. (bvsalud.org)
  • Certain linkages exist between these diseases where IM, usually a benign self-limiting disease, can develop to EBV-HLH and CAEBV in some patients. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In view of its role in the induction of protective immunity, gD has been tested in new vaccine development strategies against both viruses. (biomedcentral.com)