Dicarbonyl/L-xylulose reductase, also known as carbonyl reductase II, is an enzyme that in human is encoded by the DCXR gene located on chromosome 17. (wikipedia.org)
This gene provides instructions for making a protein called dicarbonyl and L-xylulose reductase (DCXR), which plays multiple roles in the body. (diabeteshealthmatters.com)
In enzymology, an L-xylulose reductase (EC 1.1.1.10) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction xylitol + NADP+ ⇌ {\displaystyle \rightleftharpoons } L-xylulose + NADPH + H+ Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are xylitol and NADP+, whereas its 3 products are L-xylulose, NADPH, and H+. (wikipedia.org)
Xylulose Xylitol (Note conversion of ketone to alcohol) This enzyme belongs to the superfamily of short-chain oxidoreductases, specifically those acting on the CH-OH group of donor with NAD+ or NADP+ as acceptor. (wikipedia.org)
The systematic name of this enzyme class is xylitol:NADP+ 2-oxidoreductase (L-xylulose-forming). (wikipedia.org)
One of its functions is to perform a chemical reaction that converts a sugar called L-xylulose to a molecule called xylitol. (diabeteshealthmatters.com)
Without this protein, L-xylulose is not converted to xylitol, and the excess sugar is released in the urine. (diabeteshealthmatters.com)
Excessive2
The insufficiency of L-xylulose reductase activity causes an inborn error of metabolism disease characterized by excessive urinary excretion of L-xylulose. (wikipedia.org)
While essential pentosuria is caused by genetic mutations, some people develop a non-inherited form of pentosuria if they eat excessive amounts of fruits high in L-xylulose or another pentose called L-arabinose. (diabeteshealthmatters.com)
It is thought that other processes are able to break down toxic alpha-dicarbonyl compounds, likely accounting for the lack of symptoms in people with essential pentosuria. (medlineplus.gov)
DCSR catalyzes the reduction of several L-xylylose as well as a number of pentoses, tetroses, trioses, alpha-dicarbonyl compounds. (wikipedia.org)
Catalyzes the NADPH-dependent reduction of several pentoses, tetroses, trioses, alpha-dicarbonyl compounds and L-xylulose. (nih.gov)
Sugar called L-xylulose2
One of its functions is to perform a chemical reaction that converts a sugar called L-xylulose to a molecule called xylitol. (medlineplus.gov)
Essential pentosuria is a condition characterized by high levels of a sugar called L-xylulose in urine. (encyclopedia.pub)
Compounds1
It also reduces highly reactive α-dicarbonyl compounds, thus performing a dual role in carbohydrate metabolism and detoxification. (nih.gov)
Pentosuria2
On the nature of L-xylulose reductase deficiency in essential pentosuria. (medlineplus.gov)
While essential pentosuria is caused by genetic mutations, some people develop a non-inherited form of pentosuria if they eat excessive amounts of fruits high in L-xylulose or another pentose called L-arabinose. (encyclopedia.pub)
Epithelial cells1
Diacetyl/l-Xylulose Reductase Mediates Chemical Redox Cycling in Lung Epithelial Cells. (nih.gov)
Diacetyl3
Competitive inhibition of enzyme activity by the quinone was observed with respect to diacetyl (Ki = 190 μM) and l-xylulose (Ki = 940 μM). (nih.gov)
Quinones inhibited reduction of this dicarbonyl, causing an accumulation of diacetyl in the cells and culture medium and a decrease in acetoin, the reduced product of diacetyl. (nih.gov)
The protein encoded by this gene acts as a homotetramer to catalyze diacetyl reductase and L-xylulose reductase reactions. (nih.gov)
Urine1
Affected individuals have high levels of L-xylulose in their urine, but they have no associated health problems. (medlineplus.gov)