Cyclic nucleotide gated cation channels. Medical search. Frequent questions

Subunit of cyclic nucleotide-gated (CNG) channels, nonselective cation channels, which play important roles in both visual and olfactory signal transduction. (nih.gov)
CNG channels are nonselective cation channels that are found in the membranes of various types of cells. (academic.ru)

2005. Impairment of hyperpolarization-activated, cyclic nucleotide-gated channel function by the intravenous general anesthetic propofol. . (cornell.edu)

The CNGB3 gene provides instructions for making one part (the beta subunit) of the cone photoreceptor cyclic nucleotide-gated (CNG) channel. (medlineplus.gov)
Most CNGB3 gene mutations prevent the production of any functional beta subunit, which alters the structure of CNG channels. (medlineplus.gov)
This subunit forms together with CNGA4 and CNGB1b the native olfactory CNG channel. (guidetopharmacology.org)
Here we show, using electrophysiology, fluorescence, biochemistry, and X-ray crystallography, that the mechanism for this controlled assembly is the formation of a parallel 3-helix coiled-coil domain of the carboxy-terminal leucine zipper region of CNGA1 subunits, constraining the channel to contain three CNGA1 subunits, followed by preferential incorporation of a single CNGB1 subunit. (rcsb.org)
Arg427Cys)) in CNGA3, the α-subunit of the cyclic nucleotide-gated cation channel in cone photoreceptor cells. (bvsalud.org)
Previously, we found that in addition to inhibiting tyrosine phosphorylation of the rod CNG channel α-subunit (RETα), genistein triggers a noncatalytic inhibitory interaction between the PTK and the channel. (silverchair.com)
Studies on chimeric channels containing portions of RETα, which exhibits genistein inhibition, and the rat olfactory CNG channel α-subunit, which does not, reveals that a domain containing S6 and flanking regions is the crucial for genistein inhibition and may constitute the genistein-PTK binding site. (silverchair.com)
After a ligand binds to the GPCR, it activates a heterotrimeric G-protein, which is composed of three subunits: a guanine nucleotide binding α-subunit, and a βγ-heterodimer (98). (pancreapedia.org)

HCN channels are the molecular subunits of native funny (f-) channels of cardiac pacemaker cells and neurons. (nih.gov)
Although funny channels were first functionally described in cardiac cells in the late 1970s, cloning of HCN channels, of which four subunits are known today (HCN1-4), had to wait some 20 years to be accomplished, which delayed the investigation of HCN-related channelopathies. (nih.gov)
brush resides in a cluster of redundant CNGCs encoding subunits which resemble metazoan voltage-gated potassium (Kv1-Kv4) channels in assembly and gating properties. (elifesciences.org)
The results reveal a mechanism by which quantitative competition between channel subunits for tetramer assembly can impact the phenotype of the mutation carrier. (elifesciences.org)
The function consequences of mutation in loop 3 of CRP are similar to that of site A and site B in the regulatory subunits of cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinases. (utmb.edu)
Deletion of the carboxy-terminal leucine zipper domain relaxed the constraint and permitted multiple CNGB1 subunits in the channel. (rcsb.org)
The X-ray crystal structures of the parallel 3-helix coiled-coil domains of CNGA1 and CNGA3 subunits were similar, suggesting that a similar mechanism controls the stoichiometry of cone CNG channels. (rcsb.org)
The structure also suggests that the four cyclic nucleotide-binding domains present in each channel form two distinct domains, lending structural weight to the suggestion that the four subunits of the CNG channels are arranged as a pair of dimers. (ox.ac.uk)

It is located in the sperm head rather than the flagellum and is controlled by intracellular pH, but not cyclic nucleotides. (zfin.org)
In humans, the rod photoreceptor cGMP-gated cation channel helps regulate ion flow into the rod photoreceptor outer segment in response to light-induced alteration of the levels of intracellular cGMP. (nih.gov)
Neuromodulatory transmitters engage G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs), activating intracellular signaling cascades that then can directly activate or modify the properties of ion channels. (frontiersin.org)
Note that inhibition of K V 7 channels is a downstream consequence of Ca V 3.2 modulation due to changes in intracellular calcium concentration. (frontiersin.org)
The channels are important cellular switches which transduce changes in intracellular concentrations of cyclic nucleotides into changes of the membrane potential and the Ca2+ concentration. (cipsm.de)
In the plants being exposed to environmental stresses, ion channels are likely activated to convert these external stimuli into intracellular signals. (globalsciencebooks.info)

Cyclic nucleotide gated channel alpha 2, also known as CNGA2, is a human gene encoding an ion channel protein. (wikipedia.org)
Further experiments found that the channel formed by the mutated CNGC protein is leaky and allows calcium ions to enter the cell in the absence of any cue from the environment. (elifesciences.org)
These findings provide important insights into the function of CNGCs and reveal how a small change in a channel protein can have far reaching effects on an organism. (elifesciences.org)
When Ca2+ channels are activated in response to a variety stimuli, a drastic increase in the [Ca2+]c is induced and the entered free Ca2+ binds to the sets of Ca2+-regulated proteins such as calmodulin and calcium dependent protein kinases to modify the activities or affinities of these proteins in binding to specific targets. (globalsciencebooks.info)
Binding of PGE 2 to the cells is reduced in the presence of the cyclic nucleotides cGMP and cAMP, and is unaffected by protein kinase inhibitors. (bgu.ac.il)
Removal of permeable cyclic nucleotides from the cell medium results in a fast and complete restoration of PGE 2 binding to the cells, suggesting that both cyclic nucleotides reduce PGE 2 binding by a reversible interaction with the prostaglandin-binding site, without the involvement of second messenger-activated protein kinases. (bgu.ac.il)
Chen, R & Lee, JC 2003, ' Functional roles of loops 3 and 4 in the cyclic nucleotide binding domain of cyclic AMP receptor protein from Escherichia coli ', Journal of Biological Chemistry , vol. 278, no. 15, pp. 13235-13243. (utmb.edu)
This three-dimensional reconstruction provides insight into the architecture of the protein, suggesting that the cyclic nucleotide-binding domains, which initiate the response to ligand, 'hang' below the pore-forming part of the channel, attached by narrow linkers. (ox.ac.uk)
Rod cyclic nucleotide-gated (CNG) channels are modulated by changes in tyrosine phosphorylation catalyzed by protein tyrosine kinases (PTKs) and phosphatases (PTPs). (silverchair.com)
These studies suggest that PTKs affects RETα channels in two ways: (1) by catalyzing phosphorylation of the channel protein, and (2) by allosterically regulating channel activation. (silverchair.com)
The trimeric Sec61/SecY complex is a protein-conducting channel (PCC) for secretory and membrane proteins. (cipsm.de)
The protein encoded by this gene is a hyperpolarization-activated cation channel involved in the generation of native pacemaker activity in the heart and in the brain. (antibodypedia.com)

Molecular architecture of a retinal cGMP-gated channel: the arrangement of the cytoplasmic domains. (ox.ac.uk)
To address this question, we generated male and female transgenic mice wherein a disrupted cGMP-gated channel (CNG) gene can be repaired at the endogenous locus and at different stages of degeneration by tamoxifen-inducible cre-mediated recombination. (duke.edu)

These oscillations are driven primarily by voltage-gated sodium channels and are distinct from resonant properties derived from other active membrane properties. (jneurosci.org)
Sodium (Na V ), potassium (K V ), and calcium (Ca V ) permeable voltage-gated ion channels are shown in red, blue, and green, respectively. (frontiersin.org)
The ion conducting pore passes SODIUM, CALCIUM, and POTASSIUM cations with a preference for potassium. (bvsalud.org)

The calmodulin binding site of CNGA2 is functionally silent in heteromeric CNG channels. (guidetopharmacology.org)
Furthermore, this cation current was greatly reduced by a CNGA2-specific siRNA in H5V cells. (edu.hk)
In summary, CNG channels, CNGA2 in particular, mediate β-adrenoceptor agonist-induced endothelial Ca 2+ influx and subsequent vascular dilation. (edu.hk)
The CNGA2 expression vector is designed to express human cyclic nucleotide-gated cation channel 2 (CNGA2) in mammalian cells. (tebubio.com)

In mammals, the HCN channel family comprises four members (HCN1-4) that are expressed in heart and nervous system. (cipsm.de)

Ligand-binding domain subregions contributing to bimodal agonism in cyclic nucleotide-gated channels. (sfu.ca)
Thus, the roles played by loop 3 in CRP may represent a more common mechanism employed by cyclic nucleotide binding domain in modulating ligand binding affinity and intramolecular communication. (utmb.edu)
The dependence of current amplitude on nucleotide concentration is well described by the Hill function with values of K 1/2 , the ligand concentration that half-saturates current, that, in turn, depend on Ca 2+ . (silverchair.com)

In sea urchin sperm, a cyclic nucleotide-gated K(+) channel (CNGK) mediates a cGMP-induced hyperpolarization that evokes Ca2(+) influx. (zfin.org)

In this mechanism the flexibility of the channel plays a key role, extending the classical multi-ion permeation paradigm in which conductance is enhanced by the plain interaction between the ions. (univpm.it)
The permeation mechanism of organic cations through a CNG mimic channel / Napolitano, L. M. R. (univpm.it)
His interests and those of his research groups have included exploring the mechanisms of ion permeation and selectivity in ion channels, the relationship between the molecular structure and the physiological function of channels, such as those of the inhibitory neurotransmitter receptor glycine channel and the olfactory cyclic nucleotide-gated channel, and investigating the factors that determine their ion permeation, selectivity and conductance. (edu.au)

Genistein-PTK affects channel gating, but not single channel conductance or the number of active channels. (silverchair.com)

CNG channels are openings in the cell membrane that transport positively charged atoms (cations) into cells. (medlineplus.gov)
Similarly, rods lacking CNG channels exhibit a resting membrane potential that was ~10 mV hyperpolarized compared to WT rods, indicating diminished glutamate release. (duke.edu)
Several channels, ranging from TRP receptors to Gap junctions, allow the exchange of small organic solute across cell membrane. (univpm.it)
Biological Membrane Ion Channels , edn. (edu.au)

Signal transduction pathways mediated by the changes in the [Ca2+]c is termed Ca2+ signaling, and are mainly initiated by the activation of Ca2+-permeable channels. (globalsciencebooks.info)

L-cis-diltiazem and LY-83583, two selective inhibitors for cyclic nucleotide-gated channels, diminished this cation current. (edu.hk)

Chapter 3 Biochemistry and cell biology of calcium channels and signaling involved in plant growth and environmental responses. (globalsciencebooks.info)
Our data further show that binding of prostaglandins to bovine aortic endothelial cells is sensitive to heavy metals and to activators and blockers of calcium, ATP-sensitive K(+) and chloride channels. (bgu.ac.il)
On the other hand, the calcium channel blockers pimozide, diltiazem as well as LY-83,583, a guanylate cyclase inhibitor, which were reported to block CNG channels, enhance PGE 2 binding. (bgu.ac.il)

Hyperpolarization-activated cation currents produced by HCN channels ( I h, I f or I q), contribute to a wide range of physiological functions including cardiac and neuronal pacemaker activity, the setting of resting potentials, dendritic integration of synaptic transmission and learning. (alomone.com)

Given this role in cardiac rhythm, it is natural to expect that defective f-channels (or their molecular correlates HCN4 channels) might be responsible for inheritable forms of cardiac arrhythmogenic diseases. (nih.gov)

Interestingly, while genes involved in immune system function were down-regulated in the brains of mature males, changes in the expression levels of several receptors and channels were observed suggesting that some rewiring is occurring in the brain at sexual maturity. (biomedcentral.com)
Biel M, Wahl-Schott C, Michalakis S, Zong X (2009) Hyperpolarization-activated cation channels: from genes to function. (yale.edu)

Researchers speculate that the defective channels allow a huge influx of cations into cones, which ultimately causes these cells to self-destruct (undergo apoptosis). (medlineplus.gov)
Cyclic nucleotide-gated channel (CNGC) family members mediate Ca 2+ influx from cellular stores in plants (Charpentier et al. (elifesciences.org)
In the present study, we explored the molecular identity of the channels that mediate epinephrine-induced endothelial Ca 2+ influx and subsequent vascular relaxation. (edu.hk)

Here, we review cellular mechanisms and signaling pathways involved in axonal ion channel modulation and examine how changes to ion channel function affect AP initiation, AP propagation, and the release of neurotransmitter. (frontiersin.org)
We developed a model that assumes channel modulation is a pseudo-first-order process kinetically limited by free Ca 2+ . (silverchair.com)
We find that noncatalytic inhibition follows the same activity dependence pattern as catalytic modulation (phosphorylation): the efficacy and apparent affinity of genistein inhibition are much higher for closed than for fully activated channels. (silverchair.com)
Beaumont V, Zucker RS (2000) Enhancement of synaptic transmission by cyclic AMP modulation of presynaptic Ih channels. (yale.edu)

A cyclase enzyme (lyase) catalyzes the formation of the cyclic nucleotide from its nucleotide triphosphate precursor ( Figure 1 ). (pancreapedia.org)

The sensitivity of PGE 2 binding to selective CNG channel modifying agents, as well as the rapid and reversible interaction with cyclic nucleotides, may suggest that the common low-affinity prostanoid-binding site on bovine aortic endothelial cells is associated with a molecular entity, which possess several properties of a CNG channel. (bgu.ac.il)
Patch clamp recorded an epinephrine- and cAMP-activated cation current in the primary cultured bovine aortic endothelial cells (BAECs) and H5V endothelial cells. (edu.hk)

These proteins act as channels and allow ions to move across cell membranes. (elifesciences.org)
Hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated (HCN) channels comprise a small subfamily of proteins within the superfamily of pore-loop cation channels. (cipsm.de)
This cyclic conformation allows cyclic nucleotides to bind to proteins to which other nucleotides cannot. (pancreapedia.org)

Molecular determinants of ion channel tetramerization are well characterized, but those involved in heteromeric channel assembly are less clearly understood. (rcsb.org)

Based on the sequence differences between CRP and cyclic nucleotide gated channel, three mutants of CRP were constructed: deletion (residues 54-56 in loop 3 were deleted), insertion (loop 4 was lengthened by 5 residues between Glu-78 and Gly-79) and double mutants. (utmb.edu)
Depending on their morphological along with physiological attributes, and also nucleotide sequence (regarding 1.5 kb) of its 16S rDNA it absolutely was defined as Bacillus thuringiensis IAM 12077. (biotiny.com)

Upon tamoxifen-induced expression of CNG channels, rods recovered their structure and exhibited normal light responses. (duke.edu)

Chen K, Aradi I, Santhakumar V, Soltesz I (2002) H-channels in epilepsy: new targets for seizure control? (yale.edu)

We demonstrate that subthreshold oscillations mediated by voltage-gated Na + channels play a key role in conferring graded differences in firing properties. (jneurosci.org)
Cytoplasmic cAMP-sensing domain of hyperpolarization-activated cation (HCN) channels uses two structurally distinct mechanisms to regulate voltage gating. (sfu.ca)
This process is mediated by a rich assortment of voltage-gated ion channels whose function can be affected on short and long time scales by activity. (frontiersin.org)
Neuromodulatory regulation of ion channels affects how ion channels respond to voltage deflections on short and long time scales, thus affecting how certain features of synaptic input are transformed into neuronal output. (frontiersin.org)
(B) Schematic of GPCR neuromodulation of voltage-gated ion channels in the axon initial segment. (frontiersin.org)
APs are initiated in the axon initial segment (AIS), a cellular compartment enriched with voltage-gated ion channels and GPCRs ( Figure 1B ). (frontiersin.org)
Cav1.4 channels are unique among the high voltage-activated (HVA) Ca2+ channel family because they completely lack Ca2+-dependent inactivation (CDI) and display very slow voltage-dependent inactivation (VDI). (cipsm.de)
Org 34167 is a broad-spectrum inhibitor of HCN channels, slowing activation and causing a hyperpolarising shift in voltage-dependence of activation. (frontiersin.org)

A subgroup of cyclic nucleotide-regulated ION CHANNELS of the superfamily of pore-loop cation channels that are opened by hyperpolarization rather than depolarization. (bvsalud.org)

Cyclic voltammetry - Typical cyclic voltammogram where ipc and ipa show the peak cathodic and anodic current respectively for a reversible reaction. (academic.ru)

In the current study, we analysed the biophysical effects of Org 34167 on HCN channels in stably transfected human embryonic kidney 293 (HEK293) cells and mouse layer V neurons using patch-clamp electrophysiology, and we utilised three high-throughput screens for depressive-like behaviour to assess the activity of Org 34167 in mice. (frontiersin.org)

Nickel, a specific cyclic nucleotide-gated (CNG) channel activator, decreases PGE 2 binding and so do the CNG channel activators Rp-8-Br-PET-cGMPS and Sp-8-Br-PET-cGMPS. (bgu.ac.il)
Nickel, a specific cyclic nucleotide-gated (CNG) channel activator, decreases PGE2 binding and so do the CNG channel activators Rp-8-Br-PET-cGMPS and Sp-8-Br-PET-cGMPS. (bgu.ac.il)

A cyclic nucleotide, unlike other nucleotides, has a cyclic bond arrangement between the ribose sugar and the phosphate group. (pancreapedia.org)
Due to the presence of hydrophobic groups, DMA enters easily in the channel and, unlike the alkali cations, does not need to cross any barrier. (univpm.it)

Cyclic nucleotides, like other nucleotides, are composed of three functional groups: a ribose sugar, a nitrogenous base, and a single phosphate group. (pancreapedia.org)

A picture is emerging of sperm channel orthologues that employ different activation mechanisms and serve different functions. (zfin.org)
Cellular mechanisms of neuromodulation of axonal ion channels. (frontiersin.org)
Cyclic nucleotide signaling can be initiated by two general mechanisms. (pancreapedia.org)

Axonal ion channels are important for many aspects of neuronal function, from the initiation and propagation of APs to the release of neurotransmitter ( Figure 1A ). (frontiersin.org)
In normal rods, light-induced closure of CNG channels leads to hyperpolarization of the cell, reducing neurotransmitter release at the synapse. (duke.edu)

In cardiac pacemaker cells, the main function of f-channels is to contribute substantially to the generation of spontaneous activity of pacemaker cells and control of heart rate. (nih.gov)
2007). Here, we report the unusual genetic behavior of a quantitative gain-of-function CNGC mutation ( brush ) in Lotus japonicus resulting in a leaky tetrameric channel. (elifesciences.org)
Recent advances, including the ability to more directly interrogate ion channel function in small axonal compartments, has improved our understanding of how channel function is regulated in these compartments. (frontiersin.org)
Changes in Hyperpolarization-Activated Cyclic Nucleotide-Gated (HCN) channel function have been linked to depressive-like traits, making them potential drug targets. (frontiersin.org)
Cyclic nucleotide-gated ion channel - Cyclic nucleotide gated (CNG) ion channels are ion channels that function in response to the binding of cyclic nucleotides. (academic.ru)
There are two main groups of cyclic nucleotides: the canonical or well-established and the non-canonical or unknown-function cyclic nucleotides. (pancreapedia.org)
Bender RA, Galindo R, Mameli M, Gonzalez-Vega R, Valenzuela CF, Baram TZ (2005) Synchronized network activity in developing rat hippocampus involves regional hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated (HCN) channel function. (yale.edu)

Anatomy17

Organisms10

Chemicals and Drugs167

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment13

Phenomena and Processes43

Disciplines and Occupations2

Technology, Industry, Agriculture1

Information Science4

Health Care1

Nonselective cation channels2

Hyperpolarization-activat1

Subunit8

Subunits8

Intracellular6

Protein12

CGMP-gated2

Sodium3

CNGA24

HCN11

Ligand3

Urchin1

Permeation3

Conductance1

Membrane4

Permeable1

Inhibitors1

Calcium3

Currents1

HCN41

Genes2

Influx3

Modulation4

Precursor1

Endothelial Cells2

Proteins3

Molecular1

Sequence2

Expression1

Epilepsy1

Voltage8

Superfamily1

Reversible1

HUMAN1

Decreases2

Unlike2

Functional1

Mechanisms3

Neurotransmitter2

Function7