• expenditures
• Meanwhile, insurers responded to public demands and political pressure by beginning to offer other plan options with more comprehensive care networks-according to one analysis, between the years 1970 and 2005 the share of personal health expenditures paid directly out-of-pocket by U.S. consumers fell from about 40 percent to 15 percent. (wikipedia.org)
• Despite managed care's mandate to control costs, U.S. healthcare expenditures has continued to outstrip the overall national income, rising about 2.4 percentage points faster than the annual GDP since 1970. (wikipedia.org)
• displaystyle
• where D is the total demand: D := ∑ i Demand ( i ) {\displaystyle D:=\sum _{i}{\text{Demand}}(i)} Several cost-sharing solutions have been proposed. (wikipedia.org)
• In the literature on cost pricing of a regulated monopoly, it is common to assume that each agent should pay its average cost, i.e: Pay ( i ) = Cost ( D ) ⋅ Demand ( i ) / D {\displaystyle {\text{Pay}}(i)={\text{Cost}}(D)\cdot {\text{Demand}}(i)/D} In the above example, the payments are 15.8 (for demand 3), 31.6 (for demand 6) and 52.6 (for demand 10). (wikipedia.org)
• agreements
• The University must ensure that cost sharing requirements of sponsored agreements are proposed, approved, accounted for, and reported in a manner consistent with the requirements of the sponsor and the University. (brown.edu)
• evidence
• While other States have yet to publicly announce how they are going to make their insurance carriers deal with the unfunded cost-sharing liabilities, there is ample evidence that most if not all States will choose to require their carriers to add a surcharge to "silver" Exchange plans ONLY, just like California did. (ahtins.com)
• healthcare
• A January 2015 op-ed in The New York Times stated that the four main healthcare ministries in the US have a total combined membership of about 340,000, that membership has grown recently because of the healthcare ministries' exemption to the insurance mandate of the Affordable Care Act, and that monthly cost of membership in a health care sharing ministry is generally lower than the cost of insurance rates. (wikipedia.org)
• The law also enacted a host of delivery system reforms intended to constrain healthcare costs and improve quality. (wikipedia.org)
• Critics argue that it will cause consumers, particularly those less wealthy and educated, to avoid needed and appropriate healthcare because of the cost burden and the inability to make informed, appropriate choices. (wikipedia.org)
• coverage
• While the cost of prescription drug coverage varies widely, 30 percent, or the largest group of respondents, said pharmacy benefits represent between 11 percent and 15 percent of total health care costs," says Jacobs. (shrm.org)
• According to survey respondents, the most important clinical management steps they are taking to control pharmacy benefit costs are broader based than prescription drug coverage. (shrm.org)
• Overall, Harvard's plan covers about 90% of the costs of employee health coverage. (kff.org)
• Most of the coverage gains were made through the expansion of Medicaid, and the biggest cost savings were made in Medicare. (wikipedia.org)
• Citizens whose insurance coverage would cost more than 8% of household income and are exempt from the penalty. (wikipedia.org)
• 1994
• Later, in 1994, the Israel-Jordan peace treaty determined a sharing of the waters between Israel and Jordan, by which Jordan receives 50,000,000 cubic metres (1.8×109 cu ft) water per year. (wikipedia.org)
• employers
• More U.S. employers are using employee cost sharing in their prescription drug programs, according to Buck Consultants' Prescription Drug Benefit Survey , completed in July 2009. (shrm.org)
• Harvard was doing what many, if not most, employers do: increasing cost sharing a little in a given year to avoid a larger premium increase. (kff.org)
• payments
• Monthly share payments are not deductible from US federal income tax as either a medical expense (because it is not a payment for insurance) or a charitable deduction (because it is a payment for goods and services). (wikipedia.org)
• mandatory
• In these cases, the University follows its long-standing practice of meeting published mandatory cost sharing requirements for targeted programs. (brown.edu)
• Principles
• Federally funded projects must meet the requirements in the OMB Uniform Administrative Requirements, Cost Principles, and Audit Requirements ("Uniform Guidance"), Sections 2 CFR 215.23(a)(5), 200.29, 200.306. (brown.edu)
• The majority of health care sharing ministries is oriented toward practicing Christians and aligned with ideals or principles found in the Christian Bible, primarily translated to mean that believers have a responsibility to assist in meeting each other's needs. (wikipedia.org)
• practice
• This year, plan sponsors are clearly focused on controlling costs in response to budget cuts," says Michael Jacobs, a principal and national clinical practice leader at Buck Consultants. (shrm.org)
• Despite its great importance there is so far no work on large scale cost sharing problems from practice. (zib.de)
• plans
• Managed care plans are widely credited with subduing medical cost inflation in the late 1980s by reducing unnecessary hospitalizations, forcing providers to discount their rates, and causing the health care industry to become more efficient and competitive. (wikipedia.org)
• The backlash included vocal critics, including disgruntled patients and consumer-advocacy groups, who argued that managed care plans were controlling costs by denying medically necessary services to patients, even in life-threatening situations, or by providing low-quality care. (wikipedia.org)
• Goodman points to a McKinsey study which found that CDHC patients were twice as likely as patients in traditional plans to ask about cost and three times as likely to choose a less expensive treatment option, and chronic patients were 20% more likely to follow treatment regimes carefully. (wikipedia.org)
• expenses
• These generally sell for considerably more than Silver policy, in part precisely because the insurer pays for 80% of costs on average rather than the Silver 70% and in part because of "induced demand": people who buy Gold policies tend to have higher medical expenses than people who buy Silver. (forbes.com)
• When developing budgets which include committed cost sharing, every effort should be made to list expenses the University already covers, such as faculty salary or tuition, as the cost shared items. (brown.edu)
• efficiency
• Corporate interests tend to favor the cost benefits of efficiency, however consolidation is reported to have significant effects on overall radio programming in the US. (wikipedia.org)
• include
• These include care management, disease management and low-cost generic pricing programs offered by retail pharmacy chains. (shrm.org)
• The district and the board still have not determined what items the referendum could include or what its total cost could be. (gazettextra.com)
• As of 2006, countries with shared-cost service include France, Germany (0180x number series), Switzerland. (wikipedia.org)
• federal
• If, for example, the purchaser's household income is 200% of the applicable federal poverty limit, the purchaser can buy a policy that may say "Silver" on it but that in fact, on average, leaves them with 13% cost sharing, even better than if they had bought Gold. (forbes.com)
• estimates
• The school board this week approved cost estimates for $4.8 million in facility maintenance, up to$2.5 million in technology upgrades and a plan to refinance $2.9 million in district debt linked to the Wisconsin Retirement System all of which the district has identified as spending options in a possible referendum to exceed district levy limits. (gazettextra.com) • The district's plan for building repairs alone could cost an average taxpayer$45 a year over 15 years, according to estimates in a draft survey. (gazettextra.com)
• Costs for potential work could be spread out over 15 years at a cost of about $45 a year for a taxpayer with a$100,000 home, according to district estimates. (gazettextra.com)
• Refinancing the full $2.9 million debt would cost taxpayers with a$100,000 home $21 to$35 annually depending on whether the district split repayments over 10 or 15 years, according to district estimates. (gazettextra.com)
• A district committee is still completing a needs assessment, but the district estimates it would cost $1.5 million to install a wireless computer network and replace the phone system along with its older computers. (gazettextra.com) • For a taxpayer with a$100,000 home, that could mean a cost on a referendum ranging from $28 to$50 annually, according to district estimates. (gazettextra.com)
• By 2016, the uninsured share of the population had roughly halved, with estimates ranging from 20-24 million additional people covered during 2016. (wikipedia.org)
• available
• Participants may receive 75 to 90 percent reimbursement for their project based on available funding and project cost. (raleighnc.gov)
• As of 2007, a newer non-geographic series of 03 codes is available for the same cost as calling 01 and 02 numbers, revenue share not allowed. (wikipedia.org)
• The initial conceptual model made cost and quality information available to the consumer, usually through the Internet. (wikipedia.org)
• projects
• This document establishes requirements for the identification, approval, funding, accounting and reporting of committed cost sharing, matching, and in-kind requirements associated with sponsored projects. (brown.edu)
• Challenge Cost Share projects are as diverse as our national parks. (nps.gov)
• Click a few examples below to see the nationwide impact of Challenge Cost Share projects. (nps.gov)
• total
• This is down from last year's survey, when the largest group indicated their drug benefits made up between 16 percent and 20 percent of total health care costs. (shrm.org)
• So if there are three agents whose demands are 3 and 6 and 10, then the total cost is \$100. (wikipedia.org)
• contribution
• However, subject to national restrictions governing the soliciting of passengers to be carried on board an aircraft operated by a PPL holder, and in addition to several other requirements, a PPL holder may carry passengers who make a remunerative contribution toward the direct cost of the flights. (wikipedia.org)
• less
• However, an agent might pay less than its stand-alone cost. (wikipedia.org)
• High-deductible policies cost less, but the user pays medical claims using a prefunded spending account, often with a special debit card provided by a bank or insurance plan. (wikipedia.org)
• lower
• This may be the result of many expensive brand medications moving off-patent and being replaced by lower-cost generics. (shrm.org)
• The Fort Fitzgerald, Alberta area was transferred to Northwestel as a result of an order in 2003, since it could be served by Northwestel at a much lower cost than by Telus. (wikipedia.org)
• people
• The question is: When does cost sharing get so high that it endangers economic security, access to care, and health, especially for people who are sick and need more care? (kff.org)
• citizens
• District officials and an ad-hoc panel of citizens are weighing how to present those possible costs in a community survey that will be mailed to residents March 8. (gazettextra.com)
• A cost-sharing problem is defined by the following functions, where i is an agent and Q is a quantity of the product: Demand(i) = the amount that agent i wants to receive. (wikipedia.org)
• among
• The produced unit and its cost are divided equally among all agents in the room. (wikipedia.org)
• Fair river sharing is a kind of a fair division problem in which the waters of a river has to be divided among countries located along the river. (wikipedia.org)
• service
• While 73 percent of respondents cited are taking advantage of low-cost generic pricing offered by retail pharmacy chains as a high priority, only 26 percent require their mail service provider to match these low-cost retail generic prices. (shrm.org)
• Cost-sharing is easy when the marginal cost is constant: in this case, each agent who wants the service just pays its marginal cost. (wikipedia.org)
• There are various cost-sharing mechanisms, depending on the type of product/service and the type of cost-function. (wikipedia.org)
• Shared-cost service is an intermediate level of telephone call billing where the charge for calling a particular international or long-distance phone number is partially, but not entirely, paid for by the recipient. (wikipedia.org)
• International shared-cost service is known as ISCS or UISCN (Universal International Shared Cost Number). (wikipedia.org)
• The CRTC issued Public Notice 97-42, Service to High Cost Serving Areas (PN 97-42). (wikipedia.org)
• The objective was to hold hearings across Canada to determine a definition of basic service and to define high cost serving areas. (wikipedia.org)
• The CRTC also found that Northwestel's operating area was entirely a high-cost serving area, and that supplementary funding may be required to raise the level of phone service and to maintain that service in the face of competition. (wikipedia.org)
• Such high cost was rare, and usually only occurred where the telephone company needed to install new microwave relay towers to service the customer. (wikipedia.org)
• average
• Normally, for example, if one wanted a policy them on average with just 20% of medical costs, one would need to purchase a "Gold" policy. (forbes.com)
• design
• Landowners in our target area are eligible for assistance of up to 75% of the cost of design and installation of specific green practices. (verticalresponse.com)
• The goals of this project are on the one hand to design suitable cost allocation methods, on the other hand to compute the cost of each member exactly. (zib.de)
• After a project is approved, participants are asked to share the final design of their project with Stormwater staff before it is installed, allow Stormwater staff to observe construction, agree to maintain the project for 10 years, and submit annual reports during this time to track the condition of the project to make sure it is working properly. (raleighnc.gov)