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Cerebral InfarctionIntracranial PressureBrain InfarctionBrain EdemaBrain IschemiaBrain InjuriesIntracranial HypertensionCerebrovascular DisordersTomography, X-Ray ComputedInfarctionCerebrovascular CirculationBrainMyocardial InfarctionCerebral ArteriesBrain ChemistryMagnetic Resonance ImagingBlood PressureInfarction, Middle Cerebral ArteryEdemaDiuretics, OsmoticPressureBrain NeoplasmsTime FactorsCerebral HemorrhageGlasgow Coma ScalePseudotumor CerebriAquaporin 4Blood-Brain BarrierDisease Models, AnimalIschemic Attack, TransientDiabetic KetoacidosisStrokeBrain MappingMiddle Cerebral ArteryCerebral AngiographyRats, Sprague-DawleyIntracranial Embolism and ThrombosisCerebral PalsyMonitoring, PhysiologicHydrocephalusCraniocerebral TraumaTreatment OutcomeDecompressive CraniectomySubarachnoid HemorrhageMannitolNeuroprotective AgentsRisk FactorsCraniotomyProspective StudiesPapilledemaPulmonary EdemaGlasgow Outcome ScaleSaline Solution, HypertonicAcute DiseaseCerebral VeinsHypertensionHead Injuries, ClosedCerebral VentriclesBrain Injury, ChronicMalaria, CerebralCerebral CortexDiffuse Axonal InjuryRetrospective StudiesBrain DiseasesBrain StemHypoxia, BrainCerebrospinal Fluid ShuntsBrain Damage, ChronicStroke, LacunarLeukoaraiosisVentriculostomyElectrocardiographyBrain ConcussionRats, WistarNeuronsIntracranial EmbolismComaPredictive Value of TestsHemodynamicsAltitude SicknessHypothermia, InducedBlast InjuriesSpecific GravityCarbon DioxideTriethyltin CompoundsBlood Flow VelocityInjury Severity ScoreHyperammonemiaRecovery of FunctionCerebrospinal FluidCase-Control StudiesTransducers, PressurePost-Concussion SyndromeOxygenHypocapniaAge FactorsCranial SinusesBrain AbscessThrombolytic TherapyAnalysis of Variance
HemorrhageStrokeMiddle cerebral arteryCerebrospinal fluidIschemiaReperfusionVenousOedemaTissueClinicalHypoxiaNeurocritical careArterialInjuryUnderwentDisruptionMechanismClinicallyMediatorsPermeabilityCranial vaultTherapeuticInflammatoryPatientsCascadeHematomaDetectionElicitsResultsTreatmentBlood pressureImportantLargeData
Hemorrhage14
  • The appearance and evaluation of intracranial hemorrhage on MRI (see the images below) primarily depend on the age of the hematoma and on the imaging sequence or parameters (eg, T1 weighting, T2 weighting). (medscape.com)
  • [ 1 ] Other influences are the site of hemorrhage, the local partial pressure of oxygen in tissues, the local pH, the patient's hematocrit, the local glucose concentration, the hemoglobin concentration, the integrity of the blood-brain barrier, and the patient's temperature. (medscape.com)
  • Intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) is a common cause of acute neurologic emergency. (medscape.com)
  • This article summarizes the epidemiology and outcomes of AKI in neurocritically ill adults admitted to the ICU, focusing on prevalent ABI conditions like traumatic brain injury (TBI), aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), and acute stroke. (beds.ac.uk)
  • Thrombosis also form in cerebral venous, which is termed as cerebral venous thrombosis(CVT), a particular type of cerebrovascular disease, characterized by intracerebral hemorrhage and infarction, associated with increased intracranial pressure due to cerebrospinal fluid absorption and cerebral venous drainage, accounting for 0.5-1% of strokes ( 4 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • Her main interests are in brain hemorrhage, unusual and rare causes of stroke, cerebral venous thrombosis, anticoagulation management after strokes and use of technology for improving outcomes in the neurological ICU. (stanford.edu)
  • Her research focuses on the study of intracerebral hemorrhage using brain imaging with CT and MRI. (stanford.edu)
  • She is the Stanford prinicipal investigator for several clinical trials in intracerebral hemorrhage and large hemispheric infarction. (stanford.edu)
  • I am interested in the study of the radiological characteristics and temporal profile of edema/ tissue injury in the perihematomal area around spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage. (stanford.edu)
  • This update highlights important clinical trial results on the treatment of intracerebral hemorrhage, including blood pressure management and surgery. (medlink.com)
  • Through the years, intracerebral hemorrhage has also been termed "cerebral hemorrhage," "intracranial hemorrhage," "hemorrhagic stroke," and "cerebral bleed. (medlink.com)
  • Intracranial hemorrhage refers to any bleeding within the cranial vault, including subdural and epidural hematomas and subarachnoid hemorrhage. (medlink.com)
  • Intracerebral hemorrhage refers specifically to bleeding within the brain parenchyma. (medlink.com)
  • Most patients with basal ganglia hemorrhage have high blood pressure. (medlink.com)
Stroke10
  • Neuroprotection to attenuate or block the ischemic cascade and salvage neuronal damage has been extensively explored for treating ischemic stroke. (springer.com)
  • We demonstrated that treatment with NPD1, RvD1, and combination therapy provides high-grade neurobehavioral recovery and decreases ischemic core and penumbra volumes even when administered up to 6 h after stroke. (springer.com)
  • The treatment of ischemic stroke is to administer tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA) within 4.5 h of stroke onset, and only 5-8% of patients qualify for this therapy (Liaw and Liebeskind 2020 ). (springer.com)
  • Based on the etiology, stroke can be classified into ischemic or hemorrhagic subtypes, which ranks second among the leading causes of death. (frontiersin.org)
  • Stroke is caused not only by arterial thrombosis but also by cerebral venous thrombosis. (frontiersin.org)
  • The ischemic stroke accounts for the 87% of all cases, which results from the cerebral arteries occlusion due to thrombosis, atherosclerosis and platelets plug ( 3 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • Hypoxia and ischemia of the brain are key pathophysiological mechanisms of ischemic stroke ( 5 , 6 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • The molecular pathological hallmarks of arterial stroke and cerebral venous thrombosis. (frontiersin.org)
  • METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed consecutive ischemic stroke patients who underwent EVT in our institution from November 2015 to April 2022. (bvsalud.org)
  • The purpose of this study is to determine if pioglitazone is effective in preventing future strokes or heart attacks among non-diabetic persons who have had a recent ischemic stroke. (stanford.edu)
Middle cerebral artery1
  • The Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats that underwent right-sided middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) were used for assessment of NKCC1, TNF-α and IL-1β expression using Western blotting, double immunofluorescence and real time RT-PCR, and the model also was used for evaluation of brain water content (BWC) and infarct size. (biomedcentral.com)
Cerebrospinal fluid1
Ischemia5
  • Recent studies have reported that dexamethasone worsens neuronal injury after brain ischemia. (silverchair.com)
  • Brain histopathology was assessed at the time of ischemia-related death or after the examination at 48 h. (silverchair.com)
  • In contrast, all group D rats died of cerebral ischemia. (silverchair.com)
  • In the current study, dexamethasone administration before brain ischemia resulted in a worsening of postischemic outcome that was relate to drug-induced hyperglycemia. (silverchair.com)
  • Progress in Pathophysiological Mechanism of Global Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury -- 5. (nshealth.ca)
Reperfusion1
  • Hypoxia inducible factor-1α (HIF) is a transcriptional activator of genes, implicated in cerebral oedema formation in cerebral ischemic/reperfusion injury and controlled cortical impact models, but its role in BBI is not well defined. (naccs.org.uk)
Venous4
  • Ischemic hypoxia is caused by an impaired arterial blood supply, whereas congestive hypoxia results from an impaired venous return. (frontiersin.org)
  • Skin breakdown or ulceration caused by VARICOSE VEINS in which there is too much hydrostatic pressure in the superficial venous system of the leg. (lookformedical.com)
  • Venous hypertension leads to increased pressure in the capillary bed, transudation of fluid and proteins into the interstitial space, altering blood flow and supply of nutrients to the skin and subcutaneous tissues, and eventual ulceration. (lookformedical.com)
  • Venous insufficiency often occurs in the legs, and is associated with EDEMA and sometimes with VENOUS STASIS ULCERS at the ankle. (lookformedical.com)
Oedema5
  • OBJECTIVE: To explore the high-efficiency and low-risk prevention and treatment strategies for stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED) for high-altitude cerebral oedema. (bvsalud.org)
  • METHODS: A low-pressure and low-oxygen tank mimicking high-altitude conditions was used to establish the high-altitude cerebral oedema animal model. (bvsalud.org)
  • The preventive effects of SHED for cerebral oedema were then evaluated by haematoxylin and eosin (H&E) and histological staining. (bvsalud.org)
  • RESULTS: SHED can prevent and treat cerebral oedema in a high altitude rat animal model. (bvsalud.org)
  • CONCLUSION: SHED treatment can relieve high-altitude cerebral oedema via inhibiting HIF- 1α-mediated ERK signalling, which indicates that SHED is a promising alternative strategy to prevent and treat high-altitude cerebral oedema. (bvsalud.org)
Tissue3
  • RRT can negatively impact cerebral blood flow, intracranial pressure, and brain tissue oxygenation, with effects tied to specific RRT methods. (beds.ac.uk)
  • 18 brains (9 blast, 9 controls) were examined histologically for tissue damage and HIF expression. (naccs.org.uk)
  • By contrast analysis of the same brain tissue showed significant blast-induced elevation of several inflammatory mediators [3]. (naccs.org.uk)
Clinical4
  • Blood-brain barrier permeability is not routinely evaluated in the clinical setting. (ajnr.org)
  • Therefore, rapid and early infusion of large volumes of crystalloids is performed in clinical practice to restore blood volume and blood pressure. (bvsalud.org)
  • Rapid blood pressure control is safe but does not improve the clinical outcome. (medlink.com)
  • Clinical and demographic data, with special attention to sex, age, primary tumor, brain tumor-related epilepsy (BTRE), number and brain location of BMs, Karnofsky Performance Status (KPS), the updated DS-GPA prognostic index and the survival estimated according to the Kaplan-Meier model from the date of radiosurgery were analyzed. (preprints.org)
Hypoxia2
  • Long-term effects of cerebral hypoxia, including vegetative survival, are the most devastating (see Treatment). (medscape.com)
  • Hypoxia caused by impaired blood circulation can be referred to as circulatory hypoxia, which are classified as ischemic hypoxia and congestive hypoxia. (frontiersin.org)
Neurocritical care1
  • In the context of neurocritical care, AKI diagnosis holds significance for acute brain injury (ABI) management. (beds.ac.uk)
Arterial1
  • To differentiate between intracranial atherosclerotic plaque, vasculitis, reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome, arterial dissection, and other causes of intracranial arterial narrowing. (medscape.com)
Injury5
  • Approximately 20% of patients with acute brain injury (ABI) also experience acute kidney injury (AKI), which worsens their outcomes. (beds.ac.uk)
  • The metabolic and inflammatory changes associated with AKI likely contribute to prolonged brain injury and edema. (beds.ac.uk)
  • Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is an important health and social problem. (bvsalud.org)
  • Blast brain injury (BBI) has risen to prominence in recent military conflicts and terrorist incidents, and may represent a specific form of primary brain injury [1]. (naccs.org.uk)
  • Endothelial activation and chemoattractant expression are early processes in isolated blast brain injury. (naccs.org.uk)
Underwent1
  • Patients with SAH underwent CTP in the early phase after aneurysmal rupture (days 0-3) and were classified as having global cerebral edema or nonglobal cerebral edema using established noncontrast CT criteria. (ajnr.org)
Disruption1
  • Global cerebral edema occurs after SAH and is associated with BBB disruption. (ajnr.org)
Mechanism1
Clinically1
  • Hypertonic saline (HS) has been successfully used clinically for treatment of various forms of cerebral edema. (biomedcentral.com)
Mediators1
  • Up-regulated expression of Na-K-Cl Cotransporter 1 (NKCC1) and inflammatory mediators such as tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) has been demonstrated to be closely associated with the pathogenesis of cerebral edema resulting from a variety of brain injuries. (biomedcentral.com)
Permeability4
Cranial vault1
  • Pathologic accumulation of blood in the cranial vault (ie, ICH) may occur in the brain parenchyma or in surrounding meningeal spaces. (medscape.com)
Therapeutic1
  • This suggests that ion channel transporters related to water transport whose expression is localized in astrocytes and other cerebral cell types are potential therapeutic targets in HS treatment. (biomedcentral.com)
Inflammatory1
  • This study aimed to explore if alleviation of cerebral edema by 10% HS might be effected through down-regulation of inflammatory mediator expression in the microglia, and thus result in decreased NKCC1 expression in astrocytes in the cerebral cortex bordering the ischemic core. (biomedcentral.com)
Patients1
  • This is a cross-sectional observational design study with retrospective review of medical records of patients with brain metastases treated with VMAT- RS between 2012 and 2018. (preprints.org)
Cascade1
  • Overzealous correction of their blood glucose may result in cerebral edema as well as a cascade of electrolyte abnormalities. (bvsalud.org)
Hematoma1
  • A small rim of vasogenic edema surrounds the hematoma seen on T2W imaging. (medscape.com)
Detection2
  • Detection of global cerebral edema using current imaging techniques is challenging. (ajnr.org)
  • The advent of head CT and brain MRI have greatly improved the detection, localization, and characterization of brain hemorrhages. (medlink.com)
Elicits1
  • Therefore, we propose that damage to and subsequent release of mtDNA elicits a protective signalling response that enhances nDNA repair in cells and tissues, suggesting that mtDNA is a genotoxic stress sentinel. (regenerativemedicine.net)
Results1
  • The results suggest that 10% HS alleviates cerebral edema through inhibition of the NKCC1 Cotransporter, which is mediated by attenuation of TNF-α and IL-1β stimulation on NKCC1. (biomedcentral.com)
Treatment3
  • Mechanistically, SHED treatment can protect brain cells from apoptosis induced by high altitude condition. (bvsalud.org)
  • In this paper, we review and present our new data of LED treatment on cells grown in culture, on ischemic and diabetic wounds in rat models, and on acute and chronic wounds in humans. (researchgate.net)
  • Whole-brain radiation therapy and stereotactic radiosurgery are two treatment modalities commonly utilized to treat brain metastases (BMs). (preprints.org)
Blood pressure1
Important1
Large1
  • The small hemorrhages may resemble lacunar infarctions, whereas the large ones may present as coma. (medlink.com)
Data1
  • 3] The group believed that a uniform definition would allow more accurate analysis and comparison of studies, allow researchers to draw more meaningful conclusions from pooled data, and improve the ease of surveillance and prevention activities. (medscape.com)