Cystic ductCholelithiasisBiliary colicAcute cholecystitisCholecystitis includeCholedocholithiasisPerforationCholangitisCholecystectomyBileAsymptomaticJaundiceColicAdultsCirrhosisLiverOccursUltrasoundPancreatitisOccurAcalculous cholecystitisDisordersSurgeryDiseaseInflammationSevereCommonlyPresenceAdultSecondaryPregnancyOutpatientRisk factorsDiseasesFormationCommon in womenTreatmentPeopleFoundRareIncludeForm
Cystic duct6
- Biliary colic, also known as symptomatic cholelithiasis, a gallbladder attack or gallstone attack, is when a colic (sudden pain) occurs due to a gallstone temporarily blocking the cystic duct. (wikipedia.org)
- Biliary pain is most frequently caused by obstruction of the common bile duct or the cystic duct by a gallstone. (wikipedia.org)
- Cholecystitis occurs when obstruction at the cystic duct is prolonged (usually several hours) resulting in inflammation of the gallbladder wall. (medscape.com)
- Cholecystitis is inflammation of the gallbladder that occurs most commonly because of the presence of stones in the gallbladder or an obstruction of the cystic duct by gallstones arising from the gallbladder (cholelithiasis). (medscape.com)
- More than 90% of the time acute cholecystitis is caused from blockage of the cystic duct by a gallstone . (wikizero.com)
- [1] However, when a gallstone temporarily lodges in the cystic duct, they experience biliary colic . (wikizero.com)
Cholelithiasis2
- Cholelithiasis refers to the presence of abnormal concretions ( gallstones ) in the gallbladder . (amboss.com)
- Inclusion criteria: the consenting patients of all ages and both sexes with symptomatic cholelithiasis planned for LC. (hvt-journal.com)
Biliary colic8
- Of those with gallstones, biliary colic occurs in 1 to 4% each year. (wikipedia.org)
- About 15% of people with biliary colic eventually develop inflammation of the gallbladder if not treated. (wikipedia.org)
- Patients usually have normal vital signs with biliary colic, whereas patients with cholecystitis are usually febrile and more ill appearing. (wikipedia.org)
- Patients that have gallstones and biliary colic are at increased risk for complications, including cholecystitis. (wikipedia.org)
- Acute cholecystitis develops in approximately 20% of patients with biliary colic if they are left untreated. (medscape.com)
- Risk factors for biliary colic and cholecystitis include pregnancy, elderly population, obesity, certain ethnic groups (Northern European and Hispanic), weight loss, and liver transplant patients. (medscape.com)
- [1] Often gallbladder attacks (biliary colic) precede acute cholecystitis. (wikizero.com)
- [4] Of all people with stones, 1-4% have biliary colic each year. (wikizero.com)
Acute cholecystitis6
- [ 3 ] However, the incidence of acute cholecystitis is falling, likely due to increased acceptance by patients of laparoscopic cholecystectomy as a treatment of symptomatic gallstones. (medscape.com)
- Gall stone disease presents a spectrum of pathology, ranging from asymptomatic gall stones, to acute cholecystitis and ascending cholangitis. (learnsurgeryonline.com)
- Isolated rebound tenderness in the RUQ reflects localised peritoneal irritation secondary to leakage of inflammatory fluid (acute cholecystitis) or gall bladder contents (gall bladder perforation contained locally within the omentum). (learnsurgeryonline.com)
- CT scanning is a secondary imaging test that can identify extrabiliary disorders and complications of acute cholecystitis when US has not yielded a clear diagnosis. (medscape.com)
- CT scanning with intravenous (IV) contrast medium is useful in diagnosing acute cholecystitis in patients with nonspecific abdominal pain. (medscape.com)
- [1] Complications of acute cholecystitis include gallstone pancreatitis , common bile duct stones , or inflammation of the common bile duct . (wikizero.com)
Cholecystitis include1
- Risk factors for acalculous cholecystitis include diabetes, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, vascular disease, total parenteral nutrition, prolonged fasting, or being an intensive care unit (ICU) patient. (medscape.com)
Choledocholithiasis2
- Choledocholithiasis occurs when the stone becomes lodged in the common bile duct, with the potential sequelae of cholangitis and ascending infections. (medscape.com)
- patients having choledocholithiasis, cholangitis, biliary fistula and surgical jaundice. (hvt-journal.com)
Perforation1
- the development of complications such as gangrene or perforation renders the prognosis less favorable. (medscape.com)
Cholangitis2
- citation needed] The presence of gallstones can lead to inflammation of the gallbladder (cholecystitis) or the biliary tree (cholangitis) or acute inflammation of the pancreas (pancreatitis). (wikipedia.org)
- Surgical treatment choices are based on the patient's clinical condition: less radical surgical procedures such as endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) are done emergently in sick patients with ascending cholangitis or gall stone pancreatitis. (learnsurgeryonline.com)
Cholecystectomy4
- Furthermore, biliary pain may be associated with functional disorders of the biliary tract, so-called acalculous biliary pain (pain without stones), and can even be found in patients post-cholecystectomy (removal of the gallbladder), possibly as a consequence of dysfunction of the biliary tree and the sphincter of Oddi. (wikipedia.org)
- Complications from gallstone disease is 0.3% per year and therefore prophylactic cholecystectomy are rarely indicated unless part of a special population that includes porcelain gallbladder, individuals eligible for organ transplant, diabetics and those with sickle cell anemia. (wikipedia.org)
- A laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) is the treatment of choice for gallbladder diseases. (hvt-journal.com)
- Analysis was done retrospectively with the emphasis on the outcome including all complications, conversion rate, hospital stay and operation time after elective cholecystectomy. (hvt-journal.com)
Bile10
- Age increases rates of gallstones, cholecystitis, and common bile duct stones. (medscape.com)
- Gall stones are precipitates of bile that form in the gall bladder. (learnsurgeryonline.com)
- White or mixed (pure or mainly cholesterol): 80% of UK gall stones occur when bile is super-saturated with cholesterol. (learnsurgeryonline.com)
- If the bile duct does become completely or partially obstructed, the patient will also develop pale stools and dark urine (since bilirubin can no longer pass into the gut in the normal way). (learnsurgeryonline.com)
- Increased estrogen levels cause increased secretion of bile rich in cholesterol , (lithogenic bile ), which can result in the formation of cholesterol gallstones . (amboss.com)
- Increased progesterone levels cause smooth muscle relaxation, decreased gallbladder contraction, and subsequent bile stasis with formation of gallstones . (amboss.com)
- [5] Stones in the common bile duct can be removed before surgery by endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) or during surgery. (wikizero.com)
- Serious complications happen in two major areas: access complications and bile tree injuries. (hvt-journal.com)
- The liver makes bile and gallbladder normally stores bile. (apsapedsurg.org)
- In response to a meal, the gallbladder releases bile released into the small intestine to aid in breaking down (digestion) of foods. (apsapedsurg.org)
Asymptomatic4
- Most patients with gallstones are asymptomatic. (medscape.com)
- Elderly patients are more likely to go from asymptomatic gallstones to serious complications of gallstones without gallbladder colic. (medscape.com)
- 7 in 10 patients with gall stones are likely to be asymptomatic. (learnsurgeryonline.com)
- Surgery is not indicated in asymptomatic patients, except in some select groups (e.g. sickle cell disease). (learnsurgeryonline.com)
Jaundice1
- Signs of complications include high fever, shock and jaundice . (wikizero.com)
Colic1
- Typical gallbladder colic generally includes 1-5 hours of constant pain, most commonly in the epigastrium or right upper quadrant. (medscape.com)
Adults4
- In the developed world, 10 to 15% of adults have gallstones. (wikipedia.org)
- Children are more likely than adults to have acalculous gallstones. (medscape.com)
- About 10-20% of American adults have gallstones . (amboss.com)
- About 10-15% of adults in the developed world have gallstones. (wikizero.com)
Cirrhosis1
- 50% of NAFLD patients could develop were specified prior to the literature search with complications as steatohepatitis, cirrhosis, fibrosis, Prospero (CRD42016032764). (egyptianjournal.xyz)
Liver2
- [1] Risk factors for gallstones include birth control pills , pregnancy , a family history of gallstones, obesity , diabetes , liver disease , or rapid weight loss . (wikizero.com)
- The gallbladder is an organ located underneath the liver in the upper right part of the belly just below the ribcage. (apsapedsurg.org)
Occurs2
- Gallstone formation occurs from the precipitation of crystals that aggregate to form stones. (wikipedia.org)
- The onset of pain develops hours after a meal, occurs frequently at night, and awakens the patient from sleep. (medscape.com)
Ultrasound1
- The gold standard imaging modality for the presence of gallstones is ultrasound of the right upper quadrant. (wikipedia.org)
Pancreatitis2
- gallstone disease is the major cause of pancreatitis. (wikipedia.org)
- They may have epigastric and/or RUQ tenderness, or diffuse abdominal tenderness (more likely to be gall stone pancreatitis). (learnsurgeryonline.com)
Occur4
- It may occur as a complication of burns or multiple trauma, and patients are very ill on presentation. (learnsurgeryonline.com)
- [5] Women more commonly have stones than men and they occur more commonly after age 40. (wikizero.com)
- A number of complications may occur from cholecystitis if not detected early or properly treated. (wikizero.com)
- Complications can occur in 8-11% of cases (8, 11). (hvt-journal.com)
Acalculous cholecystitis1
- Patients with acalculous cholecystitis may present with fever and sepsis alone, without the history of pain. (medscape.com)
Disorders1
- For patient education information, see the Digestive Disorders Center and Gallstones . (medscape.com)
Surgery5
- Treatment for gallbladder attacks is typically surgery to remove the gallbladder. (wikipedia.org)
- Open surgery through a larger incision is associated with more complications than surgery through small incisions. (wikipedia.org)
- In those who are unable to have surgery, medication to try to dissolve the stones or shock wave lithotripsy may be tried. (wikipedia.org)
- [7] Complications from surgery are rare. (wikizero.com)
- [4] In people unable to have surgery, gallbladder drainage may be tried. (wikizero.com)
Disease5
- Biliary pain in the absence of gallstones, known as postcholecystectomy syndrome, may severely affect the patient's quality of life, even in the absence of disease progression. (wikipedia.org)
- However, the presence of gallstones is a frequent incidental finding and does not always necessitate treatment, in the absence of identifiable disease. (wikipedia.org)
- Gall bladder disease (specifically gall stones) is the most common abdominal complaint causing hospital admission in the developed world. (learnsurgeryonline.com)
- The patient may be flushed, jaundiced, dehydrated, tachycardic and hypotensive, all depending on the stage of gall stone disease continuum. (learnsurgeryonline.com)
- The aim of this study is to analyze 7557 cases of LC and observe the changes of outcomes of LC for gallbladder (GB) disease over 8.9 years in our institution. (hvt-journal.com)
Inflammation1
- Other complications include inflammation of the pancreas. (wikipedia.org)
Severe1
- Although gallstones and cholecystitis are more common in women, men with gallstones are more likely to develop cholecystitis (and more severe cholecystitis) than women with gallstones. (medscape.com)
Commonly1
- Gallstones most commonly consist of cholesterol but may be pigmented (due to hemolysis or infection) or mixed. (amboss.com)
Presence1
- Treatment of cholecystitis depends on the severity of the condition and the presence or absence of complications. (medscape.com)
Adult2
- Gall stones are found in up to 20% of adult females. (learnsurgeryonline.com)
- About 10-20% of adult population are diagnosed with gallstones (3). (hvt-journal.com)
Secondary1
- There may be a reduction in bowel sounds and distension due to a secondary ileus. (learnsurgeryonline.com)
Pregnancy1
- [ 9 , 10 ] In addition, the incidence of sludge or stone formation during pregnancy is 5.1% in the second trimester, 7.9% in the third trimester, and 10.2% at 4-6 weeks postpartum. (medscape.com)
Outpatient1
- B Banerjee and I Brett Department of Radiodiagnosis and Imaging, Tameside General Hospital, Fountain Street, Ashton-under-Lyne, Lancashire Over a period of several years it has been noticed that in a number of patients undergoing cholecystosonography, as in outpatient procedures, the gallbladder was found to be contracted although otherwise appeared normal. (docksci.com)
Risk factors2
- The phrase "fair, female, fat, and fertile" summarizes the major risk factors for development of gallstones. (medscape.com)
- There are many risk factors for the production of cholesterol gall stones, which points to why cholesterol gall stones are so common worldwide. (learnsurgeryonline.com)
Diseases1
- If stones exist, they are more likely pigmented stones from hemolytic diseases (eg, sickle cell diseases, spherocytosis, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase [G-6-PD] deficiency) or chronic diseases (eg, total parenteral nutrition, burns, trauma). (medscape.com)
Formation1
- Biliary stasis is a key component in gallstone formation. (amboss.com)
Common in women1
- Gall stones are 2-3 times more common in women than in men at post-mortem. (learnsurgeryonline.com)
Treatment1
- Treatment is usually with laparoscopic gallbladder removal , within 24 hours if possible. (wikizero.com)
People3
- Nearly 30% of people have further problems related to gallstones in the year following an attack. (wikipedia.org)
- In the UK, 5.5 million people have gall stones and 50 000 cholecystectomies are performed each year. (learnsurgeryonline.com)
- Most people with gallstones do not have symptoms. (wikizero.com)
Found1
- Archaeologists have found gallstones in the body of a young woman who lived as early as 2000 years ago. (hvt-journal.com)
Rare2
- Generalised rigidity and peritonism is rare and reflects leakage of gall bladder contents from a gall bladder rupture into the peritoneal cavity. (learnsurgeryonline.com)
- The other complications are very rare, approximately in 0.5% of cases (12). (hvt-journal.com)
Include1
- Therefore, in conclusion, it is probably not unreasonable to include the advice of refraining from the cooking of food for optimal gallbladder distension prior to cholecystosonography. (docksci.com)
Form1
- The most common form is cholesterol gallstones. (wikipedia.org)