• Acute URTIs include rhinitis, pharyngitis/tonsillitis, and laryngitis often referred to as a common cold, and their complications: sinusitis, ear infection, and sometimes bronchitis (though bronchi are generally classified as part of the lower respiratory tract. (wikipedia.org)
  • Acute epiglottitis and associated upper airway obstruction has significant morbidity and mortality and may cause respiratory arrest and death. (medscape.com)
  • Historically, acute epiglottitis was most common in children aged 2-4 years. (medscape.com)
  • A comparison made between a large US children's hospital's chart review from 1995 to 2003 and a previous report from the same hospital completed 27 years earlier, showed a 10-fold decline in acute epiglottitis admissions, with streptococci becoming the major pathogens. (medscape.com)
  • 5] Introduction of the polysaccharide vaccine in 1985, followed by the highly effective conjugate vaccine, dramatically reduced the incidence of epiglottitis, with concomitant declines in hospital admissions. (medscape.com)
  • Studies have shown an annual incidence rate of 0.63 cases per 100,000 persons,[6] and studies of children of all ages with epiglottitis report a seasonal variation in incidence. (medscape.com)
  • Lateral neck radiograph demonstrates epiglottitis. (medscape.com)
  • The technique of botulinum toxin injections for upper face, midface, and lower face and neck, and the complications will be reviewed. (entnet.org)
  • URIs range from the common cold-typically a mild, self-limited, catarrhal syndrome of the nasopharynx-to life-threatening illnesses such as epiglottitis (see the image below). (medscape.com)
  • This issue reviews the use of supraglottic airway devices in pediatric patients including common devices, indications and techniques for placement, and complications associated with their use. (ebmedicine.net)
  • Comparison of a normal pediatric airway (bottom) and airway from a child who died from epiglottitis (top). (medscape.com)
  • The frequency of type-1 diabetes is higher in siblings of diabetic parents (e.g., in the UK 6% by age 30) than in the general population (in the U.K. 0.4% by age 30), while disease concordance in monozygotic (identical) twins is about 40% i.e. the risk that the unaffected twin will develop diabetes. (passmed.uk)
  • Erythromycin may improve voice disturbances after a week and cough after 2 weeks, but any modest subjective benefit is not greater than the adverse effects, cost, and the risk of bacteria developing resistance to the antibiotics. (wikipedia.org)
  • He has an identical twin brother and she is concerned about his risk of developing diabetes. (passmed.uk)
  • Acute URTIs include rhinitis, pharyngitis/tonsillitis, and laryngitis often referred to as a common cold, and their complications: sinusitis, ear infection, and sometimes bronchitis (though bronchi are generally classified as part of the lower respiratory tract. (wikipedia.org)
  • They include common cold, sinusitis, ear infections, acute pharyngitis or tonsillopharyngitis, epiglottitis, and laryngitis-the last two causing the most serious sequelae (deafness and acute rheumatic fever, respectively). (icloudhospital.com)
  • Orbital cellulitis is uncommon and tends to be a complication of ethmoid or sphenoid sinusitis. (medscape.com)
  • However, the percentage of mild to severe disease differs between high- and low-income nations, and the severity of lower respiratory tract infections in children under five is worse in developing countries due to differences in specific etiologies and risk factors, resulting in a higher case-fatality rate. (icloudhospital.com)
  • The complications of upper respiratory tract infections are more significant than the infections because most upper respiratory tract infections are self-limiting. (icloudhospital.com)
  • Twelve patients underwent awake flexible laryngoscopy under topical anaesthetic as part of their initial assessment, and there were no complications associated with this procedure. (nih.gov)
  • Laboratory evaluation is nonspecific in patients with epiglottitis and should be performed once the airway is secured. (medscape.com)
  • Children are particularly vulnerable since they have not yet developed protection to many viral infections, have poor personal hygiene, and have regular close contact with other children who are expelling viruses. (icloudhospital.com)
  • URIs range from the common cold-typically a mild, self-limited, catarrhal syndrome of the nasopharynx-to life-threatening illnesses such as epiglottitis (see the image below). (medscape.com)
  • NTHi is a major cause of pneumonia in infants in developing countries. (medscape.com)