• The therapeutic potential of cloned human cells has been demonstrated by another study using human oocytes to reprogram adult cells of a type 1 diabetic. (news-medical.net)
  • Although attempts have not yet been made to create a therapeutic transplant from embryonic stem cells, the methods have been developed to allow the creation of functional, mature cells using human cell cloning technology. (news-medical.net)
  • The heated debate in our society over reproductive cloning, as well as therapeutic cloning to obtain embryonic stem cells, has been fueled by misconceptions and hyperbole on both sides. (flfamily.org)
  • Following our previous description of the serotonin transporter (SERT) acting as a conduit to 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT)-mediated apoptosis, specifically in Burkitt's lymphoma, we now detail its expression among a broad spectrum of B cell malignancy, while exploring additional SERT substrates for potential therapeutic activity. (erowid.org)
  • In therapeutic cloning, the blastocyst is not transferred to a womb. (eurostemcell.org)
  • Another long-term hope for therapeutic cloning is that it could be used to generate cells that are genetically identical to a patient. (eurostemcell.org)
  • To date, no human embryonic stem cell lines have been derived using therapeutic cloning, so both these possibilities remain very much in the future. (eurostemcell.org)
  • From the ethical point of view, so-called therapeutic cloning is even more serious. (archdiocese-no.org)
  • Therapeutic cloning, which creates embryonic stem cells . (medlineplus.gov)
  • This led to the development of therapeutic cloning as a source for genetically matching replacement cells for patients with degenerative diseases. (ed.ac.uk)
  • However, therapeutic cloning depends on the availability of human eggs, which are in very limited supply. (ed.ac.uk)
  • 5. In 2001, France and Germany requested the United Nations General Assembly to develop international conventions on human reproductive cloning, therapeutic cloning and research on stem cells. (who.int)
  • With this background information as a foundation, we then discuss each of the key questions in relation to the upcoming therapeutic trial and critically assess if the time is ripe for clinical translation of parthenogenetic stem cell technology in Parkinson's disease. (lu.se)
  • To clone a human CTR (hCTR), a BIN-67 cDNA library was screened using a cDNA probe from a porcine renal CTR (pCTR) that we recently cloned. (jci.org)
  • Transfection of this cDNA into COS cells resulted in expression of receptors with high affinity for salmon CT (Kd = approximately 0.44 nM) and for human CT (Kd = approximately 5.4 nM). (jci.org)
  • The cloned cDNA encodes a putative peptide of 490 amino acids with seven potential transmembrane domains. (jci.org)
  • Many of the novel cDNA sequences that were highly represented in the library showed a relative specificity to β-cells compared with other tissues, including glucagonoma, liver, kidney, brain, 3T3 fibroblasts, and AtT20 corticotrophs, and warrant further investigation. (diabetesjournals.org)
  • The products in this section are designed for molecular cloning of cDNA, gene, PCR fragments (up to 15kb) and also the construction of libraries for much larger fragments (up to 40kb) such as fosmids. (cambio.co.uk)
  • A cDNA clone coding for a membrane proteoglycan core protein was isolated from a neonatal rat Schwann cell cDNA library by screening with an oligonucleotide based on a conserved sequence in cDNAs coding for previously described proteoglycan core proteins. (rupress.org)
  • On Northern blots the cDNA hybridized to a single 5.6-kb mRNA that was present in Schwann cells, neonatal rat brain, rat heart, and rat smooth muscle cells. (rupress.org)
  • Our Stellar Competent Cells can be used in a wide variety of applications-from preparation of cDNA and genomic libraries to construction of longer-length genomic libraries, subcloning, and even methylated DNA cloning. (takarabio.com)
  • cDNA encoding variable regions could be amplified from single hybridoma cells isolated by micromanipulation. (lu.se)
  • Generation and characterization of infectious molecular clones of transmitted/founder HIV-1 subtype C viruses. (harvard.edu)
  • Despite improvements in the CRISPR molecular toolbox, identifying and purifying properly edited clones remains slow, laborious, and low-yield. (nature.com)
  • So that it features which are useful for molecular cloning experiments. (biologyexams4u.com)
  • 1990. Cell replication and unscheduled DNA synthesis (UDS) activity of low molecular weight chlorinated paraffins in the rat liver in vivo. (cdc.gov)
  • To our knowledge, this is the first report on the molecular cloning of an oxytocin/vasopressin-like receptor and its ligand from arthropods. (lu.se)
  • By transferring adult cell DNA into an embryonic stem cell, it is possible to create a line of immortal embryonic cells that are able to develop into any type of adult cell, genetically identical to the donor. (news-medical.net)
  • We tested whether the cloned dogs were genetically identical by microsatellite analysis of genomic DNA from the donor Afghan, the cloned dogs and the surrogates (see supplementary information ). (nature.com)
  • Analysis of eight canine-specific microsatellite loci confirmed that the cloned dogs were genetically identical to their donor dog. (nature.com)
  • A group of genetically identical cells all descended from a single common ancestral cell by mitosis in eukaryotes or by binary fission in prokaryotes. (harvard.edu)
  • These stem cells are genetically matched to the donor organism, holding promise for studying genetic disease. (eurostemcell.org)
  • Somatic cell cloning (cloning or nuclear transfer) is a technique in which the nucleus (DNA) of a somatic cell is transferred into an enucleated metaphase-II oocyte for the generation of a new individual, genetically identical to the somatic cell donor (Figure 1 ). (biomedcentral.com)
  • Thus, the clone would be genetically identical to the nucleus donor only if the egg came from the same donor or from her maternal line. (who.int)
  • Beyond this scientific interest, the commercial concern in animal cloning focuses on replicating large numbers of genetically identical animals, especially those derived from a progenitor that has been modified genetically. (who.int)
  • The resulting group of genetically identical cells (called a clone) produces a large quantity. (msdmanuals.com)
  • SCNT is a method of cloning mammalian cells that can be used to create personalized embryonic stem cells from an adult animal or human. (news-medical.net)
  • Dr. Wurm reported that 70% of the $20-billion to $30-billion annual bioproducts inventory is generated with mammalian cells, and the gap separating them from other approaches (yeast, bacteria, baculovirus, transgenic plants, and animals) is only growing wider. (genengnews.com)
  • We anticipate that mammalian cells will continue to dominate bioproduction for the next 10 years as new technologies carry the process forward. (genengnews.com)
  • These include environmental DNA samples that have proven difficult to clone and synthetic genes encoding toxic products. (jcvi.org)
  • Genes known to be highly expressed in β-cells were represented at a high frequency, namely insulin (15 of 80 clones), islet amyloid polypeptide (8 of 80 clones), proinsulin convertase 1 (6 of 80 clones), and neuropeptide Y (2 of 80 clones). (diabetesjournals.org)
  • The cloned genes in these vectors are not expected to express themselves at the transcription or translation level. (biologyexams4u.com)
  • The approach was applied to five different hybridomas producing human monoclonal antibodies and variable regions for both bold gamma and mu heavy chain and kappa and lambda light chain genes were successfully cloned. (lu.se)
  • Scientists were initially interested in somatic-cell nuclear transfer as a means of determining whether genes remain functional even after most of them have been switched off as the cells in a developing organism assume their specialized functions as blood cells, muscle cells, and so forth. (who.int)
  • The fact that the DNA of a fully differentiated (adult) cell could be stimulated to revert to a condition comparable to that of a newly fertilized egg and to repeat the process of embryonic development demonstrates that all the genes in differentiated cells retain their functional capacity, although only a few are active. (who.int)
  • While the transfer of already existing genes from one cell to another characterized an earlier phase of the field of biotechnology, synthetic biology involves the design, assembly, synthesis, or manufacture of new genomes, biological pathways, devices or organisms not found in nature. (cdc.gov)
  • A second capability of synthetic biology involves the re-design of existing genes, cells or organisms for the purpose of gene therapy. (cdc.gov)
  • Modification of existing genes in living animal and human cells is enabled by engineered nucleases such as meganucleases, zinc finger nucleases, transcription activator-like effector-based nucleases, and the CRISPR-Cas system. (cdc.gov)
  • The thesis work would focus on identification of genes that are essential for the optimal functioning of the ubiquitin-proteasomal system in leukemic cells. (lu.se)
  • When genome editing induces a phenotypic alteration that is detectable by fluorescence (i.e., cell-surface expression of a target that can be non-lethally assessed with fluorescently labeled antibody), FACS provides a method of enriching edited cells 9 , narrowing the number of clones to propagate and analyze. (nature.com)
  • DANVERS, MA (PRWEB) - June 22, 2018 Cell Signaling Technology (CST), a leading provider of antibodies, kits, and services announced that two of its antibody clones, ALK (D5F3®) and ROS1 (D4D6®), were featured in an article authored by the Tumor Biomarker Experts of the Chinese Society of Clinical Oncology. (cellsignal.com)
  • The ALK (D5F3®) and ROS1 (D4D6®) antibody clones recognize both the normal protein and the oncogenic fusion proteins and are therefore important tools for preliminarily identifying patients that may benefit from treatment with first-line or second-line drugs that specifically inhibit the activity of the fusion proteins. (cellsignal.com)
  • Mx9/9 is a CD4 clone bearing an antigen receptor recognized by the Mx9 anti-V beta 8 monoclonal antibody (MoAb). (ox.ac.uk)
  • This approach will permit analysis of B cell clonal ontogeny, antibody diversity and lymphoma cell progression and heterogeneity. (lu.se)
  • in which abnormal plasma cells multiply and produce excessive amounts of an antibody that damages organs. (msdmanuals.com)
  • This has led to a lot of interest in SCNT, which is best known as the method used to pioneer whole animal cloning technology, such as Dolly the sheep. (news-medical.net)
  • A ovelha Dolly, produzida em 1996, foi o primeiro clone de um animal adulto mas várias outras espécies foram clonados desde então, incluindo cães e gatos. (jove.com)
  • Cloning, or somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT), is the technique used to produce Dolly the sheep, the first animal to be produced as a genetic copy of another adult. (eurostemcell.org)
  • To produce Dolly, the cloned blastocyst was transferred into the womb of a recipient ewe, where it developed and when born quickly became the world's most famous lamb. (eurostemcell.org)
  • The most famous clone was a Scottish sheep named Dolly. (medlineplus.gov)
  • However, his results and improved methods inspired researchers at The Roslin Institute to use nuclear transfer to clone sheep and produce Dolly the Sheep, the first animal to be cloned from an adult cell. (ed.ac.uk)
  • Together, Gurdon's and the Dolly team's successes introduced the concept of reprogramming the DNA of specialized cells to be able to make new organisms or new stem cells. (ed.ac.uk)
  • Although many species produce clonal offspring in this fashion, Dolly, the lamb born in 1996 at a research institute in Scotland, was the first asexually produced mammalian clone. (who.int)
  • Somatic-cell nuclear transfer, the technique by which Dolly was created, was first used 40 years ago in research with tadpoles and frogs. (who.int)
  • Cloning, characterization, and expression of a human calcitonin receptor from an ovarian carcinoma cell line. (jci.org)
  • One cloning technology that has been developed for mammalian and human cells is somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT). (news-medical.net)
  • This was the first successful reprogramming of human somatic cells into embryonic stem cells using a cloning technique, SCNT. (news-medical.net)
  • Successful somatic-cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) depends on the quality, availability and maturation of the animal's unfertilized oocytes. (nature.com)
  • Figure 1: Dog cloned by somatic-cell nuclear transfer. (nature.com)
  • a , Snuppy, the first cloned dog, at 67 days after birth (right), with the three-year-old male Afghan hound (left) whose somatic skin cells were used to clone him. (nature.com)
  • Cloning by nuclear transfer using mammalian somatic cells has enormous potential application. (biomedcentral.com)
  • However, somatic cloning has been inefficient in all species in which live clones have been produced. (biomedcentral.com)
  • These developmental defects have been attributed to incomplete reprogramming of the somatic nuclei by the cloning process. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Because cattle are a species widely used for nuclear transfer studies, and more laboratories have succeeded in cloning cattle than any other specie, this review will be focused on somatic cell cloning of cattle. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Schematic diagram of the somatic cloning process. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The somatic cell and the oocyte is then fused (f) and the embryos is allowed to develop to a blastocyst in vitro (g). (biomedcentral.com)
  • Developmental defects, including abnormalities in cloned fetuses and placentas, in addition to high rates of pregnancy loss and neonatal death have been encountered by every research team studying somatic cloning. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The nucleus of an adult somatic cell (such as a skin cell) is removed and transferred to an enucleated egg, which is then stimulated with electric current or chemicals to activate cell division. (who.int)
  • if it implants and the pregnancy goes to term, the resulting individual will carry the same nuclear genetic material as the donor of the adult somatic cell. (who.int)
  • Welcome to Reportergene IMAGE clones, Plasmids & Lentivectors! (reportergene.com)
  • This product is not a suitable cloning host, so for transformation, it is highly recommended to use this product for constructing plasmids as mentioned above. (takarabio.com)
  • The high efficiency of Stellar Competent Cells was especially noticeable in the transformation of 10 kb and 20 kb plasmids. (takarabio.com)
  • Using DNA plasmids of 2 kb (100 pg), 10 kb (1 ng), and 20 kb (1 ng), each strain of competent cells was transformed and plated on ampicillin-containing LB agar plates. (takarabio.com)
  • Any DNA molecule that has the ability to replicate inside the host to which the desired gene is integrated for cloning- include plasmids, bacteriophages, cosmids, BAC, yeast vectors, shuttle vectors etc. (biologyexams4u.com)
  • Cosmid can be defined as the hybrid vectors derived from plasmids that contain cos site of phage which is essential for packaging of nucleic acid into protein coat plus essential features of plasmids and several unique restriction sites for the insertion of DNA to be cloned. (biologyexams4u.com)
  • Cell engineering through gene editing is fundamentally a two-step bioprocess. (nature.com)
  • corresponding to the copy number of each gene in each clone. (github.com)
  • This E. coli HST08 strain provides high transformation efficiency and since these cells lack the gene cluster for cutting foreign methylated DNA ( mrr-hsdRMS-mcrBC and mcrA ), they are very useful for cloning methylated DNA. (takarabio.com)
  • The cells can also be used for blue/white screening (i.e., alpha-complementation) when transformed with vectors containing the lacZ alpha gene. (takarabio.com)
  • Stellar Competent Cells lack the gene cluster for cutting foreign methylated DNA ( mrr-hsdRMS-mcrBC and mcrA ), and are therefore useful for cloning methylated DNA. (takarabio.com)
  • 2. Nuclear transfer is a technique used to duplicate genetic material by creating an embryo through the transfer and fusion of a diploid cell in an enucleated female oocyte.2 Cloning has a broader meaning than nuclear transfer as it also involves gene replication and natural or induced embryo splitting (see Annex 1). (who.int)
  • Pro-cloning forces have been working hard to convince state governments to pass constitutional amendments enshrining a "right" to clone and to destroy embryos for research. (flfamily.org)
  • Some prohibit only cloning for reproductive purposes and allow the creation of cloned human embryos for research, whereas others prohibit the creation of cloned embryos for any purpose. (who.int)
  • In lymphocytic neoplastic diseases such as multiple myeloma and lymphoma, but also other illnesses, there can be a massive expansion of a single B-cell clone, detectable by measuring the excessively-produced antibodies, measured in a serum protein electrophoresis test or peripheral blood flow cytometry. (wikipedia.org)
  • A majority of neoplastic clones were sensitive to one or more of the serotonergic compounds. (erowid.org)
  • Leukemias are a group of heterogeneous neoplastic disorders of white blood cells. (medscape.com)
  • The neoplastic cell is a hypoproliferative, immunologically incompetent small lymphocyte. (medscape.com)
  • Acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) is a group of neoplastic disorders of the hematopoietic precursor cells of the bone marrow. (medscape.com)
  • AML is not a disorder of rapidly proliferating neoplastic cells. (medscape.com)
  • A failure of maturation of the neoplastic cell clone exists. (medscape.com)
  • When the cloning process is used in this way, to produce a living duplicate of an existing animal, it is commonly called reproductive cloning. (eurostemcell.org)
  • In most countries, it is illegal to attempt reproductive cloning in humans. (eurostemcell.org)
  • 2. Over the years, the international community has tried without success to build a consensus on an international convention against the reproductive cloning of human beings. (who.int)
  • 3. Creating awareness among ministries of health in the African Region will provide them with critical and relevant information on the reproductive cloning of human beings and its implications to the health status of the general population. (who.int)
  • 7. The WHO Regional Committee for Africa is invited to review this document for information and guidance concerning reproductive cloning of human beings. (who.int)
  • 3. Media reports on nuclear transfer are usually about one form, reproductive nuclear transfer, also known as reproductive cloning of human beings . (who.int)
  • Elaboration of an international convention against reproductive cloning of human beings has been under consideration in the United Nations since December 2001 when the subject was included in the agenda of the fifty- sixth session as a supplementary agenda item at the request of France and Germany. (who.int)
  • Such an expansion is said to be "monoclonal", and monoclonal antibodies produced by such a group of B cells can cause illnesses such as amyloidosis and lupus, or can be indicative of an underlying malignancy. (wikipedia.org)
  • Monoclonal Anti-MUC1 (mouse IgG1 isotype) is derived from the hybridoma 1D1 produced by the fusion of mouse myeloma cells and splenocytes from BALB/c mice immunized with semi-purified MUC1 from pleural effusion of a breast cancer patient. (sigmaaldrich.com)
  • Kits are available with both electrocompetent and chemically competent cells. (cambio.co.uk)
  • Clone (cell biology) Nossal, G. J. V. & Lederberg, J. (1958). (wikipedia.org)
  • Biology plays a dominant role in cell performance," Dr. Wurm added, believing that the karyotypic makeup of the transfected cell lines needs to be carefully monitored during expansion. (genengnews.com)
  • Synthetic biology is playing an increasing role in the commercial bioeconomy as providers of biological designs, optimized biological molecules, laboratory suppliers of customer-specified DNA, RNA, enzymes and cell-cloning services, and in drug development. (cdc.gov)
  • They derived several human embryonic stem cell lines from these cloned embryos whose DNA was an exact match to the adult cell that donated the DNA. (news-medical.net)
  • The adult cell nuclei were transferred into metaphase-II stage human oocytes, producing a karyotypically normal diploid embryonic stem cell line from each of the adult male donor cells. (news-medical.net)
  • Dr. George Daley of the Harvard Stem Cell Institute and NBC science correspondent Robert Bazell discuss the significance, legality, and ethics of new developments in embryonic stem cell cloning. (charlierose.com)
  • Political scientist Sheila Jasanoff discusses Senator Bill Frist's support of a bill funding stem cell research. (charlierose.com)
  • As part of Charlie's ongoing Science Series, co-host Sir Paul Nurse and a panel of scientists tackle the controversial subject of stem cell research. (charlierose.com)
  • Colorimetric Barcoding to Track, Isolate, and Analyze Hematopoietic Stem Cell Clones. (harvard.edu)
  • Catholic teaching on difficult issues, like stem cell research and cloning, must be understood in order to recognize and respect all human life. (catholicscomehome.org)
  • Moreover, even when high-purity single-cell sorting can be achieved, viability after sorting is often low to moderate, especially for cell types that are particularly sensitive to hydrodynamic stress or low-density culture conditions (e.g., primary cells or pluripotent stem cell lines). (nature.com)
  • Paul Wagle, M.A., discusses his experience with a life-saving adult stem cell treatment, and the importance of promoting ethical approaches to medical research. (flfamily.org)
  • What is cloning, and what does it have to do with stem cell research? (eurostemcell.org)
  • This form of cloning is unrelated to stem cell research. (eurostemcell.org)
  • Often aborted babies are harvested for Stem Cell Research. (archdiocese-no.org)
  • The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved omidubicel-onlv (Omisirge) for reducing infections and hastening neutrophil recovery for blood cancer patients aged 12 years and older who are undergoing allogeneic umbilical cord blood stem cell transplants. (medscape.com)
  • Hastening the return of the body's white blood cells can reduce the possibility of serious or overwhelming infection associated with stem cell transplantation," Peter Marks, MD, PhD, director of the FDA's Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, said in an agency press release . (medscape.com)
  • Abbey Jenkins, president and CEO of Gamida, called the approval "a major advancement in the treatment of patients with hematologic malignancies that we believe may increase access to stem cell transplant and help improve patient outcomes. (medscape.com)
  • Adverse events are consistent with allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation . (medscape.com)
  • Cite this: FDA OKs Stem Cell Therapy to Reduce Infection Risk in Blood Cancer Patients - Medscape - Apr 18, 2023. (medscape.com)
  • Are Stem Cell-Based Therapies for Parkinson's Disease Ready for the Clinic in 2016? (lu.se)
  • Based on discussions held by a global collaborative initiative on translation of stem cell therapy in Parkinson's disease, we have identified a set of key questions that we believe should be addressed ahead of every clinical stem cell-based transplantation trial in this disorder. (lu.se)
  • In this article, we first provide a short history of cell therapy in Parkinson's disease and briefly describe the current state-of-art regarding human stem cell-derived dopamine neurons for use in any patient trial. (lu.se)
  • Stem cell-based therapies for Parkinson's dis- ogy company International Stem Cell Corporation ease (PD) are rapidly moving towards clinical trials. (lu.se)
  • A second press release [2] has indicated stem cell source, resulting in widespread excitement that the program is planning to move forward very rapidly, with all of the patients being enrolled in the Correspondence to: Roger A. Barker, John van Geest Centre first quarter of 2016 and interim results being shared for Brain Repair, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Univer- in October 2016. (lu.se)
  • This complex of mb-1 and B29 polypeptides and immunoglobulin constitute the B cell Ag receptor. (neobiotechnologies.com)
  • Some of these cloned anti-clone cells proliferated after stimulation with irradiated Mx9/9 cells, but not after stimulation with other autologous cloned T cells or heterologous PBM, suggesting that these clones recognize the T cell receptor (TCR) of the Mx9/9 cells. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Between Oct. 1, 1997, and Jan. 5 the man "manufactured approximately 321 cloned phones by transferring illegally obtained/stolen cell phone numbers into cellular phones supplied by customers," charges filed in 3rd District Court say.The man then sold the cloned phones back to the customers, the charges state. (deseret.com)
  • WHA50.37 of 1997 argues that human cloning is ethically unacceptable and contrary to human integrity and morality. (who.int)
  • General Assembly the following year,3 and the World Medical Association's Resolution on Cloning, endorsed in 1997, have confronted the issue but lack binding legal force. (who.int)
  • Retrieved on December 04, 2023 from https://www.news-medical.net/life-sciences/Cloning-Human-Cells.aspx. (news-medical.net)
  • Renegade T cell clones and autoimmune disease. (harvard.edu)
  • Current data suggest that oral lichen planus (OLP) is a T-cell-mediated autoimmune disease in which autocytotoxic CD8 + T cells trigger the apoptosis of oral epithelial cells. (medscape.com)
  • In humans, a major roadblock in achieving successful SCNT leading to embryonic stem cells has been the fact that human SCNT embryos fail to progress beyond the eight-cell stage. (news-medical.net)
  • Gurdon's results surprised the scientific community and stirred talk of the possibility of cloning other animals, including humans. (ed.ac.uk)
  • Embryonic stem cells are immortal, and have the potential to develop into any type of adult cell, even after months growing in culture dishes. (news-medical.net)
  • The cloning method is based on the fact that cytoplasmic factors in mature, metaphase II oocytes are able to reset the identity of a transplanted adult cell nucleus to an embryonic state. (news-medical.net)
  • Another successful attempt at human SCNT was made using cells from two adult males. (news-medical.net)
  • Here we describe the cloning of two Afghan hounds by nuclear transfer from adult skin cells into oocytes that had matured in vivo . (nature.com)
  • In this procedure, the nucleus of an egg cell is removed and replaced by the nucleus of a cell from another adult. (eurostemcell.org)
  • In Dolly's case, the cell came from the mammary gland of an adult ewe. (eurostemcell.org)
  • After being inserted into the egg, the adult cell nucleus is reprogrammed by the host cell. (eurostemcell.org)
  • After many divisions in culture, this single cell forms a blastocyst (an early stage embryo with about 100 cells) with almost identical DNA to the original donor who provided the adult cell - a genetic clone. (eurostemcell.org)
  • For example, stem cells could be generated using the nuclear transfer process described above, with the donor adult cell coming from a patient with diabetes or Alzheimer's. (eurostemcell.org)
  • Contrary to Briggs and King's results, these cells gave rise to adult frogs. (ed.ac.uk)
  • While his tadpoles matured to fully functioning adult frogs at the time, subsequent experiments trying to clone frogs using fully adult cells only produced tadpoles that did not mature. (ed.ac.uk)
  • As a result, the need to be able to directly reprogram adult cells developed. (ed.ac.uk)
  • A factory produces a contaminated product, and the lives of a cell connect a retired person on a limited income to a young adult consuming the same product in a different county. (cdc.gov)
  • Instead, embryonic stem cells are isolated from the cloned blastocyst. (eurostemcell.org)
  • The blastocyst can then be transferred to a recipient (h) and cloned animals are born after completion of gestation (i). (biomedcentral.com)
  • Currently, the efficiency for nuclear transfer is between 0-10%, i.e., 0-10 live births after transfer of 100 cloned embryos. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Various strategies have been employed to modify donor cells and the nuclear transfer procedure in attempts to improve the efficiency of nuclear transfer. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Although the efficiency of nuclear transfer has been dramatically improved from the initial success rate of one live clone born from 277 embryo transfers [ 1 ], none of the aforementioned efforts abolished the common problems associated with nuclear transfer. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Briggs and King were the first to perform cloning by nuclear transfer using eggs and cells from the Northern Leopard Frog, Rana pipiens . (ed.ac.uk)
  • Gurdon used the technique of nuclear transfer to remove the DNA from a tadpole's intestinal cell and place it into an egg cell. (ed.ac.uk)
  • Clone cells also include populations of recombinant DNA molecules all carrying the same inserted sequence. (harvard.edu)
  • The most important requirement for recombinant DNA technology is the cloning vector and expression vectors. (biologyexams4u.com)
  • Cloning describes the processes used to create an exact genetic replica of another cell, tissue or organism. (medlineplus.gov)
  • This observation led to the belief that the DNA in specialised cells was 'fixed' and could not be used to produce a new organism. (ed.ac.uk)
  • A clone is an organism that is a genetic copy of an existing one. (who.int)
  • This procedure allows cell-free cloning of individual synthetic DNA molecules that cannot be cloned in Escherichia coli, for example synthetic phage genomes carrying lethal mutations. (jcvi.org)
  • In sexual reproduction, clones are created when a fertilized egg splits to produce identical (monozygous) twins with identical genomes. (who.int)
  • Cloning vectors are used for obtaining millions of copies of the cloned DNA fragments. (biologyexams4u.com)
  • The term applies not only to entire organisms but also to copies of molecules (such as DNA) and cells. (who.int)
  • Cell-free cloning of single circular molecules by using phi29 DNA polymerase was achieved by carrying out the amplification reactions in very small volumes, typically 600 nl. (jcvi.org)
  • When combined with functional or immunological screening procedures, the approach will be useful for the isolation of β-cell-specific molecules for immunological and genetic investigations of β-cell function and pathology. (diabetesjournals.org)
  • The difference in transformation efficiencies of the competent cells was particularly prominent when cloning 20 kb fragments. (takarabio.com)
  • A vector used to clone DNA fragments of 100-300 kb insert size in E.coli cells. (biologyexams4u.com)
  • Localized heterochrony integrates overgrowth potential of oncogenic clones. (harvard.edu)
  • ALK and ROS act as oncogenic fusion partners to an array of proteins and have been identified as tumor drivers in non-small cell lung carcinomas. (cellsignal.com)
  • Parkin pathway activation mitigates glioma cell proliferation and predicts patient survival. (cellosaurus.org)
  • Anti-V beta 8 MoAbs activate and induce cell proliferation of this clone. (ox.ac.uk)
  • The proliferation of the Mx9/9 stimulated cloned anticlone cells was blocked by anti-class II MoAbs, indicating that the autoreactive clones recognize their target antigen in conjunction with HLA Class II products. (ox.ac.uk)
  • However, clone 121 lost its suppressor function after 4 months in culture and instead gained the ability to enhance the proliferation of Mx9/9 cells in the presence of anti-V beta 8 MoAb. (ox.ac.uk)
  • An accompanying proliferation of erythroid cells and megakaryocytes usually is present. (medscape.com)
  • They stimulate the proliferation of bone marrow cells in agar cultures and the formation of colonies of granulocytes and/or macrophages. (bvsalud.org)
  • Selection of edited cell clones currently relies on limiting dilution or fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS)-based single-cell sorting to isolate single cells. (nature.com)
  • In this webinar, Dr. Jenna Capyk provides a comparison of limiting dilution cloning and semi-solid cloning with respect to their application to cell line development and the probability of monoclonality for the cultures that are isolated using these methods. (stemcell.com)
  • Therefore, early in the formation of oral lichen planus lesions, CD8 + T cells may recognize an antigen associated with the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I on keratinocytes. (medscape.com)
  • Dr. Krol will discuss his progress developing a single-cell cloning process suitable for manufacturing clinical-grade iPS cells with adherence to cGMP regulations, concentrating on automated single-cell dispensing and culture protocol optimization. (cytena.com)
  • The authors conclude that the Alamar- blue assay employing the NCTC-clone-929 subclone A12 is effective in the quantitation of low levels of TNF, particularly when a suitable immunoassay is unavailable. (cdc.gov)
  • Cloning of human cells is a technology that holds the potential to cure many diseases and provide a source of exactly matched transplant tissues and organs. (news-medical.net)
  • But SCNT can also be used to clone human cells for transplant or other therapies. (news-medical.net)
  • The rapidly emerging "regenerative" field of medicine is relying heavily on the use of ethically obtained stem cells. (flfamily.org)
  • WHA50.37, which states "the use of cloning for the replication of human individuals is ethically unacceptable and contrary to human integrity and morality. (who.int)
  • Acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) is a malignant clonal disorder of the bone marrow lymphopoietic precursor cells. (medscape.com)
  • The time for 1 cell division is prolonged with respect to that of normal bone marrow blast cells. (medscape.com)
  • The bone marrow is gradually replaced by blast cells. (medscape.com)
  • There are virtually no diploid cell lines used in bioprocessing today," Dr. Wurm continued, "and it's a good thing we didn't follow recommendations to use them that were current 20 years ago, as it would have set back the industry tremendously. (genengnews.com)
  • Cloning vectors (Cloning vehicles) are used for creating genomic libraries, preparing probes, genetic engineering, or other basic studies. (biologyexams4u.com)
  • However, an animal created through this technique would not be a precise genetic copy of the source of its nuclear DNA because each clone derives a small amount of its DNA from the mitochondria of the egg (which lie outside the nucleus) rather than from the donor of cell nucleus. (who.int)
  • They are preferentially expressed by a variety of adenocarcinomas, including breast, prostate, ovarian and pancreatic carcinomas as well as malignant plasma cells of multiple myelomas. (sigmaaldrich.com)
  • These data indicate a potential for SERT as a novel anti-tumor target for amphetamine analogs, while evidence is presented that the seemingly more promising antidepressants are likely impacting malignant B cells independently of the transporter itself. (erowid.org)
  • In leukemias, a clone of malignant cells may arise at any stage of maturation, that is, in the lymphoid, myeloid, or pluripotential stage. (medscape.com)
  • Those were spindle removal, donor cell fusion, and cytoplast activation. (news-medical.net)
  • For SCNT, the chromosomes of the unfertilized canine oocytes were removed by micromanipulation, and a single donor cell was transferred into each enucleated oocyte. (nature.com)
  • A matured oocyte (c) is then enucleated (d) and a donor cell is transferred into the enucleated oocyte (e). (biomedcentral.com)
  • This differentiation and activation of the B cell occurs most rapidly after exposure to antigen by antigen-presenting cells in the reticuloendothelial system, and under modulation by T cells, and is closely intertwined with affinity maturation. (wikipedia.org)
  • Such information is mediated immunity, secreting the cytokine crucial to determine the optimal approach interferon-gamma (IFN) that inhibits Th2 to improve the immune response of DN cell differentiation. (who.int)
  • The process of immunological B-cell maturation involves transformation from an undifferentiated B cell to one that secretes antibodies with particular specificity. (wikipedia.org)
  • Ultraviolet radiation shapes dendritic cell leukaemia transformation in the skin. (harvard.edu)
  • Stellar Competent Cells are an E. coli HST08 strain that provides high transformation efficiency. (takarabio.com)
  • Stellar Competent Cells provided the highest transformation efficiencies for all the ligation reaction mixtures tested. (takarabio.com)
  • We have purified and cloned a HeLa cell nuclear protein that strongly stimulates binding of retinoic acid and thyroid hormone receptors (RARs and TRs) to response elements. (nih.gov)
  • Mammalian cell culture is and will remain the principle vehicle for protein production in upstream manufacturing, according to Florian Wurm, Ph.D., professor of biochemistry at the University of Lausanne and founder of ExcellGene . (genengnews.com)
  • By periodically monitoring the karyotype of the cells during the scale-up process, it is possible to guarantee the presence of the target marker, assuring that the cell will in fact produce the desired protein. (genengnews.com)
  • Embora os clones possam ser produzidos dividindo um embrião inicial-semelhante ao que acontece naturalmente com gémeos idênticos-a clonagem de animais adultos geralmente é feita por um processo chamado transferência nuclear de células somáticas (SCNT). (jove.com)
  • An improved tumor necrosis factor (TNF) bioassay using an isolated subclone from the murine fibroblastoid NCTC-clone-929 cell line and a new fluorescence indicator system for detecting target cell viability was described. (cdc.gov)