• The predicted amino acid sequence yields a protein mass of 30,200 Da, but on polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis or size exclusion chromatography it has an apparent molecular mass of 32-38 kDa and by isoelectric focusing a PI of about 3.5 - 4.0 depending on species and technique. (pancreapedia.org)
  • Purification and isolation- we can purify plant polysaccharides from other plant components based on their charge or molecular weight by using size-exclusion chromatography (SEC) and alcohol precipitation. (uga.edu)
  • Molecular weight determination - Size Exclusion Chromatography (SEC). SEC analysis provides information on molecular weight distribution of complex polysaccharide or oligosaccharide mixtures. (uga.edu)
  • The trypsin inhibitor, named JcTI, was purified by fractionation of the crude extract with trichloroacetic acid (2.5%) followed by affinity chromatography (trypsin-sepharose-4B) and molecular exclusion (sephacryl S-200). (ufc.br)
  • The secreted protein was purified using a combination of ultrafiltration, lectin affinity chromatography, ion exchange chromatography and reverse-phase HPLC. (utmb.edu)
  • The disulphide linkages and the glycoform distribution on all three glycosylation sites were characterized by combining N-terminal sequencing with matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time of flight (MALDI-TOF) and ESI FT-ICR MS. The techniques confirmed the expected disulphide linkage pattern. (utmb.edu)
  • The high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis of mono sugars revealed that EPS was composed of manouronic acid, glucuronic acid, xylose, and fructose at a molar ratio of 1.0:0.5:1.0:2.0, respectively. (springeropen.com)
  • 14. Chromatography: detailed especially HPLC, HPTLC and other modern techniques and basic fundamental theory like van demeter equation, resolution, hetp etc. (pharmatutor.org)
  • A theoretical description of analyte retention in high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) has been the subject of various publications. (springer.com)
  • Hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography (HILIC) is an alternative high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) mode for separating polar compounds. (springer.com)
  • Protein/Peptide Chemistry: amino acid analysis, N- and C-terminal sequencing, peptide synthesis, peptide/protein arrays. (wikipedia.org)
  • The derived amino acid sequence of Ov-phy-1 encoded a peptide that was most similar to the two Caenorhabditis elegans prolyl 4-hydroxylase homologues and to the isoform II enzymes of vertebrates. (embl.de)
  • It is made up of a short N-terminal signal peptide and the mature enzyme, which contains 259 - 262 amino acids (260 for human) and, in most cases, a small amount of carbohydrate (6,11,24,42). (pancreapedia.org)
  • The structural loss of carbohydrate and protein groups was investigated by immunochemical techniques (ELLA and ELISA) and peptide bond hydrolysis was studied by tracking the changes in protein/peptide relative abundances over time using TMT quantitative proteomics. (cam.ac.uk)
  • While prolonged heating at 110 °C (10 days) results in complete loss of the structural signal, surviving peptide sequences were still observed. (cam.ac.uk)
  • Eight hydrolysis-prone peptide bonds were identified in the top scoring shell sequence, the uncharacterised protein LOC117318053 from Pecten maximus. (cam.ac.uk)
  • Tumors express embryonic carbohydrate antigens called tumor-associated carbohydrate antigens (TACA). (silverchair.com)
  • Michael Breimer started his research in the Department of Medical and Physiological Chemistry isolating and structurally characterising blood group AB(O)H and related carbohydrate antigens. (gu.se)
  • This happens because a significant proportion of dietary carbohydrates, proteins, and fats escapes digestion in the small intestine, and reaches the colon, a section of the gut housing a dense population of microbes. (eurekalert.org)
  • The carboxylesterase was purified from autopsy liver by gel filtration, chromatofocusing, ion-exchange, and hydrophobic interaction chromatography to purity by SDS-PAGE and agarose gel isoelectric focusing. (inra.fr)
  • The recombinant beta-galactosidase protein was produced at 20-fold higher levels compared to H. lacusprofundi, purified using gel filtration and hydrophobic interaction chromatography, and identified by SDS-PAGE, LC-MS/MS, and ONPG hydrolysis activity. (unl.edu)
  • Recombinant glycoprotein products were purified and characterized by amino acid sequencing and carbohydrate structural analysis using matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time of flight mass spectrometry, high-pH anion-exchange chromatography with pulsed amperometric detection, and methylation analysis. (nih.gov)
  • A type of ion exchange chromatography using diethylaminoethyl cellulose (DEAE-CELLULOSE) as a positively charged resin. (lookformedical.com)
  • High-Performance - Anion Exchange Chromatography (HPAEC ) - Separation of plant derived oligosaccharides based on their mass to charge ratio allow identification and quantification of lower oligomers (up to DP8-10) based on availability appropriate reference standards. (uga.edu)
  • Hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography has established itself as the separation mode of choice for uncharged highly hydrophilic and amphiphilic compounds that are too polar to be well retained in RP-LC but have insufficient charge to allow effective electrostatic retention in ion-exchange chromatography. (springer.com)
  • Here, we show that these GL34 compounds are largely resistant to the hydrolytic activities of common carbohydrate-degrading enzymes. (springer.com)
  • J. 381, 861-866] we treated HL60 cells with N-alk(en)yl-deoxynojirimycin (DNJ) compounds to inhibit glucosphingolipid (GSL) biosynthesis and identified a number of non-GSL-derived, small, free oligosaccharides (FOS) most likely produced due to inhibition of the oligosaccharide-processing enzymes a-glucosidases I and II. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Galactosemia Galactosemia is a carbohydrate metabolism disorder caused by inherited deficiencies in enzymes that convert galactose to glucose. (msdmanuals.com)
  • The carbohydrate-active enzymes database (CAZy", NUCLEIC ACIDS RES. (sumobrain.com)
  • Its genome sequencing project was recently completed, providing access to many genes predicted to encode polyextremophilic enzymes active in both extremely high salinity and cold temperatures. (unl.edu)
  • Transcriptome sequencing revealed that all homologs induced the same general patterns with a drastic shift in gene expression profiles of leaves from that of a typical source tissue to a source-limited sink-like tissue: Transcripts encoding enzymes for plastid uptake and metabolism of phosphoenolpyruvate, fatty acid and oil biosynthesis were up-regulated, as were also transcripts encoding starch degradation. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The nutrients, either characteristic of a balanced Western diet, or composed entirely of dietary fats, were supplied to these communities, and the researchers measured their composition and metabolites with high-throughput sequencing and high-performance liquid chromatography, respectively. (eurekalert.org)
  • Two types are gas-solid chromatography, where the fixed phase is a solid, and gas-liquid, in which the stationary phase is a nonvolatile liquid supported on an inert solid matrix. (lookformedical.com)
  • Hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography (HILIC) provides an alternative approach to effectively separate small polar compounds on polar stationary phases. (springer.com)
  • Enhancing our understanding of retention behavior in HILIC increases the scope of possible applications of liquid chromatography. (springer.com)
  • Normal or reversed-phase liquid chromatography can be used for analysis. (springer.com)
  • In normal phase liquid chromatography (NP-LC), the stationary phase is more polar than the mobile phase. (springer.com)
  • For historical reasons, it has been reported that HILIC is a variant of normal phase liquid chromatography, but the separation mechanism used in HILIC is more complicated than that in NP-LC. (springer.com)
  • The decline in the populations of carbohydrate metabolizing genera caused a decline in production of short chain fatty acids. (eurekalert.org)
  • When gut microbes ferment complex carbohydrates, short chain fatty acids are produced. (eurekalert.org)
  • After the intervention, the researchers compared overall bacterial composition using DNA sequencing and measured short-chain fatty acids production using gas chromatography. (uci.edu)
  • In addition, the 16S rRNA subunit and ompA gene were amplified and sequenced. (bvsalud.org)
  • The 16S rRNA subunit and ompA gene amplicons were purified and the nucleotide sequence was determined in both directions. (bvsalud.org)
  • The consensus sequences homology search was performed using BLASTn analysis and showed a 100% of homology with the C. pecorum 16S rRNA subunit and 99% with the C. pecorum ompA gene. (bvsalud.org)
  • The separation and purification of carbohydrates is a broad field encompassing molecules having substantially different physical properties (see Chap. 1.2) requiring a wide variety of analytical and separation methods. (rpi.edu)
  • The wider use of gene sequencing-including long-read sequencing-robust databases, artificial intelligence (AI) analytical programs, and spatial genomics have opened opportunities for rare disease diagnosis and treatment. (clinicalomics.com)
  • This type of work requires certain lab experience, some industrial point of view, efficient experimental design, good analytical and chromatography background. (organofil.com)
  • Separations: 1- and 2-D PAGE, capillary electrophoresis, chromatography. (wikipedia.org)
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  • A method of gel filtration chromatography using agarose, the non-ionic component of agar, for the separation of compounds with molecular weights up to several million. (lookformedical.com)
  • NP-LC has been widely used to separate various compounds, from nonpolar to highly polar compounds (note that chromatography was first introduced as a method used in separation science). (springer.com)
  • Figure 2 shows how HILIC complements other areas of chromatography and extends the range of separation options. (springer.com)
  • 1D- and 2D-NMR-spectroscopy - 1D ( 1 H, 13 C) and standard 2D homo- and heteronuclear nuclear magnetic resonance (including inter alia 1 H- 1 H-COSY, TOCSY, NOESY, ROESY, 1 H- 13 C-HSQC, H2BC, HSQC-TOCSY, and HMBC) is an extremely powerful technique for determination of carbohydrate sequence and structure of plant poly- and oligosaccharides. (uga.edu)
  • A method was developed to enhance the carbohydrate homogeneity of recombinant protein. (utmb.edu)
  • They are isolated via SELEX (Systematic Evolution of Ligands by Exponential Enrichment), an evolutionary process that involves iterative rounds of selection and amplification before sequencing and aptamer characterization. (genomicglossaries.com)
  • A high-risk (HR) high-fat diet containing 20% fructose was compared to a control lower-risk (LR) high-fat diet where a similar amount of carbohydrate was provided as a mix of digestible and resistant starch from high amylose maize. (mdpi.com)
  • The esterase was cleaved with two proteases, and the amino acid sequences from fourteen peptides were used to search GenBank. (inra.fr)
  • When HL60 cells were treated with concentrations of N-alk(en)ylated DNJ analogues that inhibited GSL biosynthesis completely, N-butyl- and N-nonyl-DNJ inhibited endoplasmic reticulum (ER) glucosidases I and II, but octadecyl-DNJ did not, probably due to the lack of ER lumen access for this novel, long-chain derivative. (ox.ac.uk)
  • EzTaxon: a web-based tool for the identification of prokaryotes based on 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequences. (microbiologyresearch.org)
  • Digestion of carbohydrate residues on the protein with an acetylglucosaminidase plus binding to several lectins indicates that the enzyme is glycosylated. (inra.fr)
  • In 1986 a Research Resource Facility Satellite Meeting was held in conjunction with the Sixth International Conference on Methods in Protein Sequence Analysis. (wikipedia.org)
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  • Expressed sequence tag (EST) analysis and developmental polymerase chain reaction (PCR) studies demonstrated that Ov-phy-1 was expressed in L3 and adult parasites. (embl.de)
  • BioEdit: a user-friendly biological sequence alignment editor and analysis program for Windows 95/98/NT. (microbiologyresearch.org)
  • RESULTS: Analysis of the genome sequence of H. lacusprofundi showed a gene cluster for carbohydrate utilization containing a glycoside hydrolase family 42 beta-galactosidase gene, named bga. (unl.edu)
  • HILIC also allows the analysis of charged substances, as in ion chromatography (IC). (springer.com)
  • 2007 ). Our work aims to stimulate the growth of health-promoting probiotic gut bacteria by using newly synthesized non-digestible carbohydrates, i.e., prebiotic compounds. (springer.com)
  • A polysaccharide (PS) is a carbohydrate that was primarily produced by bacteria, fungi, microalgae, and streptomycetes. (springeropen.com)
  • Microorganisms capable of catabolizing lignin-derived ar- carbohydrate and protein components of the organic matter omatics are essentially fungi and bacteria (Bugg et al. (lu.se)
  • Aptamers are short nucleic acid sequences capable of specific, high-affinity molecular binding. (genomicglossaries.com)
  • During this process and the subsequent rehydration, metabolites were measured in a time series by GC-MS. Additionally expressed sequence tags are available, especially libraries generated from the active and inactive state. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Dietary fiber consists of resistant carbohydrates found in fruits, vegetables and whole grains. (uci.edu)
  • However, in the last 3 years we were involved in a significant carbohydrate chemistry project: industrialisation of a biologically active oligosacharide. (organofil.com)
  • Working on this project made us experienced in carbohydrate chemistry. (organofil.com)
  • The population structure analyses using ompA gene demonstrated 15 genetic populations or clusters of 198 sequences from GenBank and our sequences were in a particular genetic structure corresponding to genotype "O." Herein, we describe the presence of C. pecorum in sheep imported from New Zealand into Mexico. (bvsalud.org)
  • A growing number of infants are diagnosed at birth, thanks to newborn screening and the introduction of genetic sequencing in a handful of hospitals and health systems. (clinicalomics.com)
  • Sequencing and other techniques may reveal the actual genetic defects in these patients. (medscape.com)
  • The effect of different ammonium concentrations and glucosamine on baby hamster kidney (BHK)-21 cell cultures grown in continuously perfused double membrane bioreactors was investigated with respect to the final carbohydrate structures of a secretory recombinant glycoprotein. (nih.gov)
  • But despite seventy years of ancient protein research, the fundamental aspects of diagenesis-induced changes to protein structures and sequences remain elusive. (cam.ac.uk)
  • Glycosyl linkage - we apply methods of partially methylated alditol acetates (PMAA) with additional modifications required for determination of uronic acids or unusual carbohydrate substituents. (uga.edu)
  • As one of the most abundant storage of carbohydrates, starch has been extensively employed as an inexpensive and renewable raw material for food, pharmaceutical, and bio-fuel industries [ 1 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Descriptions of specific amino acid, carbohydrate, or nucleotide sequences which have appeared in the published literature and/or are deposited in and maintained by databanks such as GENBANK, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), National Biomedical Research Foundation (NBRF), or other sequence repositories. (lookformedical.com)
  • These microbial communities reached a higher population density and net carbohydrate fermentation, leading to an increased SCFA production at longer transit times. (biomedcentral.com)
  • University scientists have described the first chip- based chemical strategy for rapidly screening carbohydrates for biologically useful activity. (genomicglossaries.com)
  • The cleavage is not sequence or base specific, but the rate of cutting is sequence specific (34). (pancreapedia.org)
  • Sometimes the reaction sequence requires modification. (organofil.com)
  • That adaptation involved an increase in the populations of fatty-acid metabolizing species and a drop in those of protein and carbohydrate metabolizers. (eurekalert.org)
  • Populations declined among carbohydrate and protein-degrading genera, including Bacteroides , Clostridium , and Roseburia . (eurekalert.org)
  • These data suggest that small carbohydrate moieties may "fit" in the variable region of the TcR. (silverchair.com)
  • Subsequently DNase 1 has been isolated from many mammalian species as well as chicken, snake and xenopus and it has been cloned and sequenced from 36 species. (pancreapedia.org)
  • Taxonomic re-evaluation of whorl-forming Streptomyces (formerly Streptoverticillium ) species by using phenotypes, DNA-DNA hybridization and sequences of gyrB , and proposal of Streptomyces luteireticuli ( ex Katoh and Arai 1957) corrig. (microbiologyresearch.org)
  • Chromatography on non-ionic gels without regard to the mechanism of solute discrimination. (lookformedical.com)