GAGsDermatanProteoglycansKeratanLabeled chondroitin sulfateCartilageSulfatesOsteoarthritisHyaluronicSynovial fluidProteoglycanHyaluronanHeparan sulfatePolysaccharidesSynthesisSupplementsChainsTissuesCSPGsTracheaCollagenDisaccharide unitsProteinsSubstancesGlucosamine hydrochlorideJointsLyaseSupplementationJointProteinAlterationsOrallyAntibodyMineralsEnzymesCombination of glucosamineSuggestsIngredients
GAGs14
- Cartilage extracted glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) concentration was assessed after agarose gel electrophoresis. (usp.br)
- To explore the surfen molecule further, the team worked with Leidong Mao, associate professor in UGA's College of Engineering and co-developer of a microfluidic device used to examine glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) -- highly negatively charged molecules produced by brain tumors. (sciencedaily.com)
- Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs), known to be present in airway mucus, are macromolecules with a variety of structural and biological functions. (nih.gov)
- Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) are essential functional components of the extracellular matrix (ECM). (degruyter.com)
- Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) are multifunctional polysaccharides of the extracellular matrix (ECM) responsible for ECM hydration and binding of cations and proteins due to their negative charge. (degruyter.com)
- Chondroitin sulfate is one of six related substances called glycosaminoglycans (gags), which are also referred to as mucopolysaccharides. (springtimeinc.com)
- Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) are large linear-unbranched polysaccharide chains with repeating disaccharide units of amino sugar (either GlcNAc or GalNAc) and an uronic acid (either glucuronic acid and/or iduronic acid). (caslab.com)
- In virtually all animal tissues, the cell membranes and the extracellular matrices (ECM) are decorated with glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) such as heparin and heparan sulfate (HS), which are linear sulfated polysaccharides. (caslab.com)
- Perna canaliculus (New Zealand Green-Lipped Mussel) is a good source of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs), protein, minerals, and chondroitin sulfates. (medi-vet.com)
- Glucosamine is an essential building block for the formation of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) and proteoglycans, the main components of. (vitahealth.co.nz)
- Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) are polysaccharides and help to keep water. (premiumbeautynews.com)
- Perna contains all major classes of GAGs including chondroitin 4 and 6 sulfates and hyaluronic acid that feed connective tissue such as joint cartilage, tendons, ligaments, and synovial fluids. (dog.com)
- The vitreous, ILM, and retinal ECM all contain glycosaminoglycans (GAGs), while the vitreous and ILM contain collagens. (molvis.org)
- GALNS deficiency induces the accumulation of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs), keratan sulfate (KS) and chondroitin-6-sulfate (C6S) in multiple tissues, particularly bone, cartilage, heart valves, and cornea, whereas β-galactosidase deficiency induces the accumulation of only KS in those tissues. (medscape.com)
Dermatan7
- The major chondroitin sulfate (CS) and dermatan sulfate (DS) proteoglycans are aggrecan, versican, biglycan and decorin. (openbiochemistryjournal.com)
- Some of these GlcA residues may be epimerized into L-iduronic acid (IdoA) at which point the resulting glycosaminoglycan is then referred to as dermatan sulfate, previously referred to as chondroitin sulfate B. Chondroitin sulfate is sourced from natural products, with high variability in terms of chain length and sulfation pattern. (wikipedia.org)
- HTA samples contained keratan sulfate (KS), chondroitin/dermatan sulfate (CS/DS), and hyaluronan (HA), whereas heparan sulfate (HS) was not detected. (nih.gov)
- Their protein backbones are linked to different glycosaminoglycans, such as dermatan-, chondroitin-, keratan- or heparan sulphate. (lu.se)
- OBJECTIVES: The expression patterns of various cell-associated heparan and chondroitin/dermatan-sulphate PGs in human skin and chronic venous ulcers were investigated. (lu.se)
- Proteoglycans including chondroitin sulfate, keratan sulfate, dermatan sulfate and heparan sulfate are major components of the extracellular matrices of many animal cell types. (bdbiosciences.com)
- They are divided in four groups: hyaluronic acid, keratan sulfate, chondroitin/dermatan sulfate, andheparan sulfate. (premiumbeautynews.com)
Proteoglycans11
- Proteoglycans are comprised of a core protein and one or more covalently attached glycosaminoglycan (GAG) chains. (openbiochemistryjournal.com)
- Proteoglycans are complex macromolecules comprised of a core protein and one or more covalently attached glycosaminoglycans (GAG) chains so that structurally they are both proteins and carbohydrates. (openbiochemistryjournal.com)
- The effect of chondroitin sulfate in people with osteoarthritis is likely the result of a number of reactions including its anti-inflammatory activity, the stimulation of the synthesis of proteoglycans and hyaluronic acid, and the decrease in catabolic activity of chondrocytes, inhibiting the synthesis of proteolytic enzymes, nitric oxide, and other substances that contribute to damage the cartilage matrix and cause death of articular chondrocytes. (wikipedia.org)
- It stimulates the production of glycosaminoglycans and proteoglycans, two essential building blocks of cartilage. (healthynewage.com)
- Glucosamine plays a very important role in the synthesis of glycosaminoglycans, proteoglycans, and glycolipids, which are all important in various functions but mostly related to anti-inflammatory processes, connective tissue growth, and maturation, and tissue repair and rebuilding. (mypetneedsthat.com)
- Additionally, chondroitin has been shown to stimulate the production of proteoglycans as well as hyaluronic acid while also exerting anti-inflammatory effects. (mypetneedsthat.com)
- Glycosaminoglycans (GAG) and proteoglycans (PG) were extracted from both relatively uninflamed and severly inflamed human gingiva. (eurekamag.com)
- amyloid increases neurocan expression through regulating Sox9 in astrocytes: A potential relationship between Sox9 and chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans in Alzheimer's disease. (genscript.com)
- The predominant GAG in vitreous is hyaluronan (HA), but it also contains small amounts of chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans (CSPGs). (molvis.org)
- Chondroitin sulfate is responsible for building the ground substance of cartilage, molecules known as proteoglycans. (drvitaminsolutions.com)
- Cartilage is a kind of matrix, and it is made up of proteoglycans, collagen fibers, elastin, and glycosaminoglycans, for which you need glucosamine. (openhealthtools.org)
Keratan2
- Each Aggrecan molecule contains approximately 100 and 30 keratan sulfate and glycosaminoglycan (GAG) sidechains, respectively. (rndsystems.com)
- This gene encodes N-acetylgalactosamine-6-sulfatase which is a lysosomal exohydrolase required for the degradation of the glycosaminoglycans, keratan sulfate, and chondroitin 6-sulfate. (novusbio.com)
Labeled chondroitin sulfate1
- reported that chondroitin sulfate is not rapidly absorbed in the gastro-intestinal tract and a high content of labeled chondroitin sulfate is found in the synovial fluid and cartilage. (wikipedia.org)
Cartilage26
- Chondroitin sulfate is an important structural component of cartilage, and provides much of its resistance to compression. (wikipedia.org)
- Chondroitin sulfate is a chemical found in human and animal cartilage. (medlineplus.gov)
- Chondroitin sulfate is one of the building blocks of cartilage. (medlineplus.gov)
- Chondroitin sulfate is a glycosaminoglycan (GAG), an important component of articular (joint) cartilage. (thehorse.com)
- Shark Cartilage is a source of Chondroitin Sulfate. (healthynewage.com)
- Chondroitin Sulfate reduces inflammation and assists the Glucosamine in protecting against future cartilage degeneration. (healthynewage.com)
- What this essentially means is that if the joints are damaged, the cartilage tissue can be repaired and rebuilt at a much faster rate than without chondroitin. (mypetneedsthat.com)
- The finest chondroitin sulfate promotes joint and cartilage health. (springtimeinc.com)
- Chondroitin sulfate is a naturally occurring molecule found in the cartilage and connective tissues of people and animals. (springtimeinc.com)
- Chondroitin is the substance that enables cartilage to provide cushion to healthy joints, and it is what the body uses to make new cartilage. (springtimeinc.com)
- Chondroitin can be taken as a supplement to maintain healthy cartilage, joint lubrication, and healthy skin, nails, and hair. (springtimeinc.com)
- The chondroitin used in dietary supplements is extracted from the cartilage and connective tissues of animals. (springtimeinc.com)
- for instance, chondroitin sulfate sourced from beef trachea cartilage (used by springtime) has among the highest concentrations of chondroitin-a. (springtimeinc.com)
- Animal cartilage is the only significant food source of Chondroitin sulfate. (criticalbench.com)
- Not only does chondroitin provide structure and holds water and nutrients, but it allows other molecules to move through cartilage. (criticalbench.com)
- A recent in vitro study done by scientists in Belgium found that chondroitin had potentially beneficial effects on human cartilage cells. (criticalbench.com)
- Various studies have indicated the combination of glucosamine, chondroitin, and MSM in Pure Encapsulations Glucosamine with MSM provides the needed nutrients for optimal cartilage composition, connective tissue strength, and joint mobility & function. (drvitaminsolutions.com)
- Pure Encapsulations Glucosamine and Chondroitin with MSM offers highly purified constituents for healthy cartilage formation and joint movement ease. (drvitaminsolutions.com)
- Sulfur-containing methylsulfonylmethane (MSM) is included in this glucosamine and chondroitin combination to provide an enhanced spectrum of nutrients for optimal cartilage matrix composition, connective tissue strength, and joint comfort. (drvitaminsolutions.com)
- Glucosamine and chondroitin are two supplements that can help rebuild cartilage. (openhealthtools.org)
- Glucosamine (G) 1,500 to 2,000 mg/d and chondroitin sulfate (Cs) 800 to 1,200 mg/d and avocado-soy unsaponifiables (ASU) 300 to 600 mg/d, taken together or alone, are useful as adjunct therapies in cartilage disorders. (openhealthtools.org)
- Chondroitin is probably the best supplement to take to protect your cartilage from the kind of damage that eventually leads to joint pain. (openhealthtools.org)
- Chondroitin weaves itself through the extracellular matrix of cartilage (cartilage being a kind of lattice-like structure). (openhealthtools.org)
- It is a structural component of both glucosamine and chondroitin, as well as collagen and other proteins which together form cartilage. (openhealthtools.org)
- Chondroitin sulfate is a glycosaminoglycan, a natural component of cartilage. (msdmanuals.com)
- References Chondroitin sulfate is a glycosaminoglycan, a natural component of cartilage. (msdmanuals.com)
Sulfates1
- Surrounding the components of the dermis is the gel-like ground substance, composed of mucopolysaccharides (primarily hyaluronic acid), chondroitin sulfates, and glycoproteins. (medscape.com)
Osteoarthritis11
- Along with glucosamine, chondroitin sulfate has become a widely used dietary supplement for treatment of osteoarthritis, although large clinical trials failed to demonstrate any symptomatic benefit of chondroitin. (wikipedia.org)
- Chondroitin is used in dietary supplements as an alternative medicine to treat osteoarthritis. (wikipedia.org)
- Chondroitin, along with commonly used glucosamine, should not be used to treat people who have symptomatic osteoarthritis of the knee as evidence shows that these treatments fail to provide relief for that condition. (wikipedia.org)
- A recent review summarizes data from relevant reports describing the biochemical basis of the effect of chondroitin sulfate on osteoarthritis articular tissues. (wikipedia.org)
- Multiple doses of 800 mg in people with osteoarthritis do not alter the kinetics of chondroitin sulfate. (wikipedia.org)
- Chondroitin sulfate is used for osteoarthritis and cataracts. (medlineplus.gov)
- Taking chondroitin sulfate by mouth seems to provide some relief from osteoarthritis pain and improve function. (medlineplus.gov)
- Glucosamine and chondroitin for treatment of osteoarthritis: a systematic quality assessment and meta-analysis. (orthoteers.com)
- Along with glucosamine, chondroitin sulfate has become a widely used dietary supplement for treatment of osteoarthritis. (texasnaturalsupply.com)
- Objectives Chondroitin sulfate 800 mg/day (CS) pharmaceutical-grade in the management of symptomatic knee osteoarthritis consistent with the European Medicines Agency guideline. (bmj.com)
- Prior to that trial, only small trials had studied chondroitin sulfate alone or in combination with glucosamine to treat osteoarthritis. (msdmanuals.com)
Hyaluronic1
- Hyaluronic Acid , a non-sulfated glycosaminoglycan distributed widely throughout connective, epithelial, and neural tissues. (a1supplements.com)
Synovial fluid1
- Japanese researchers have found that Chondroitin sulfate in synovial fluid collected from the temporomandibular joint provides a useful indicator of the degree of damage there, and that chondroitin may play a role in determining the viscosity and elasticity of tissues and fluids. (criticalbench.com)
Proteoglycan3
- Aggrecan belongs to the chondroitin sulfate (CS) proteoglycan family, which also includes Versican, Brevican, and Neurocan. (rndsystems.com)
- The 9.2.27 monoclonal antibody specifically binds to CSPG4 (chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan 4). (bdbiosciences.com)
- CSPG4 is also known as MCSP (melanoma chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan) and NG2 (neural/glial antigen 2). (bdbiosciences.com)
Hyaluronan2
- Like other chondroitin AC lyases, it is capable of cleaving hyaluronan. (rcsb.org)
- AAV2 containing cDNA encoding enhanced green fluorescent protein (GFP), under the control of a chicken β-actin promoter, was delivered by intravitreal injection to adult mice in conjunction with enzymes including collagenase, hyaluronan lyase, heparinase III, or chondroitin ABC lyase. (molvis.org)
Heparan sulfate1
- In addition, an increased heparan sulfate content and decreased chondroitin sulfate amounts were noted in diabetic cell lines. (diabetesjournals.org)
Polysaccharides1
- Chondroitin sulfate chains are unbranched polysaccharides of variable length containing two alternating monosaccharides: D-glucuronic acid (GlcA) and N-acetyl-D-galactosamine (GalNAc). (wikipedia.org)
Synthesis3
- Automated solid-phase synthesis of chondroitin sulfate glycosaminoglycans. (mpg.de)
- Glucosamine promotes the synthesis of the glycosaminoglycan chondroitin sulfate. (drvitaminsolutions.com)
- CS is the glycosaminoglycan (GAG) constituent of the human intervertebral disc that stimulates synthesis of the disc. (coxtechnic.com)
Supplements2
- This effect has not been shown with chondroitin sulfate supplements. (medlineplus.gov)
- It is this combination of effects that make chondroitin one of the most sought-after supplements in the management of osteoarthritic pain and inflammation. (mypetneedsthat.com)
Chains5
- Furthermore, marine chondroitin sulfate chains tend to be longer, with molecular weight of up to 70 kDa in chondroitin sulfate from shark, while in terrestrial animals molecular weight is typically below 45 kDa. (wikipedia.org)
- Chondroitin sulfate chains are linked to hydroxyl groups on serine residues of certain proteins. (wikipedia.org)
- Finally, the researchers showed that rVAR2 binding is dependent on the length of the chondroitin sulfate chains. (asbmb.org)
- Five glycosaminoglycan chains were identified, viz. (caslab.com)
- Chondroitin sulfate consists of repeating chains of molecules called mucopolysaccharides. (criticalbench.com)
Tissues1
- The researchers showed that both tissues had more chondroitin sulfate moieties of higher molecular weight than other tissues, concurrent with chondroitin polymerization proteins being upregulated in most cancer types. (asbmb.org)
CSPGs1
- Traumatic brain injury results in an increase in the chondroitin glycosaminoglycans (CSPGs) neurocan and NG2 expression in a tight band surrounding the injury core. (genscript.com)
Trachea1
- Bovine Trachea can also be used as a source of Chondroitin, however, there is a risk of BSE (Mad Cow Disease). (healthynewage.com)
Collagen1
- Mechanical stimulation led to a significant increase in chondrogenic gene expression, while histological analysis detected sulphated glycosaminoglycans and collagen II only in loaded specimens, confirming MC hydrogel suitability to support load induced MSCs chondrogenesis. (nature.com)
Disaccharide units1
- One way to look at this difference is in terms of the proportion of disaccharide units: chondroitin sulfate from terrestrial animals is almost exclusively composed of non-sulfated (O) and monosulfated (A and C) units, while in marine species the proportion of disulfated (D, E and B) units is higher. (wikipedia.org)
Proteins2
- Exactly how proteins are selected for attachment of glycosaminoglycans is not understood. (wikipedia.org)
- CRISPR/Cas9 targeting of these proteins showed a reduction in cell-surface chondroitin molecular weight, which reduced the binding to recombinant VAR2, or rVAR2. (asbmb.org)
Substances1
- Glycosaminoglycans are substances that function as very efficient shock absorbers and as lubricant for the joints. (mypetneedsthat.com)
Glucosamine hydrochloride1
- Taking chondroitin sulfate together with glucosamine hydrochloride might reduce blood levels of glucosamine. (medlineplus.gov)
Joints1
- Chondroitin Guide: Helps Maintain Healthy Joints! (criticalbench.com)
Lyase3
- The addition of heparinase III or chondroitin ABC lyase greatly enhanced transduction of the retinal ganglion cell layer and increased the depth of transduction into the outer retina. (molvis.org)
- Electroretinograms survived with higher concentrations of heparinase III and chondroitin ABC lyase than were required for optimal retinal transduction. (molvis.org)
- AAV2-mediated retinal transduction is improved by co-injection of heparinase III or chondroitin ABC lyase. (molvis.org)
Supplementation2
- Most studies suggest that 4-8 weeks of supplementation are needed at doses of 1500mg/day of glucosamine and/or 1200mg of chondroitin (the combination formula has not been shown to be any more effective than either supplement on its own). (a1supplements.com)
- What's even more interesting is that chondroitin supplementation seems to stimulate the production of chondrocyte cells. (openhealthtools.org)
Joint6
- J-Flex is pure, high-grade chondroitin sulfate - a natural ingredient for healthy joint lubrication and a normal inflammatory response. (springtimeinc.com)
- Adequate amounts of chondroitin are vital for normal joint function and maintenance as well as many other self-healing mechanisms. (springtimeinc.com)
- Recent evidence published in top arthritis and medical journals such as the Journal of Rheumatology January and JAMA, suggests that chondroitin does indeed appear to be as effective as glucosamine in alleviating joint pain and stiffness. (a1supplements.com)
- Solgar's Extra Strength Glucosamine Chondroitin MSM is a high strength combination of Glucosamine and Chondroitin which research has shown may be of benefit for joint protection and repair. (vitahealth.co.nz)
- Now Foods Glucosamine & MSM with Chondroitin Sulfate combines three well-known joint support ingredients. (vitahealth.co.nz)
- Several studies indicate that the combination of glucosamine HCl and chondroitin sulfate has positive effects on joint mobility and comfort. (drvitaminsolutions.com)
Protein1
- Placental malaria is mediated by the protein VAR2CSA interacting with the placental glycosaminoglycan chondroitin sulfate, or CS. (asbmb.org)
Alterations1
- Title: Alterations in sulfated chondroitin glycosaminoglycans following controlled cortical impact injury in mice. (genscript.com)
Orally2
- Pharmacokinetic studies performed on humans and experimental animals after oral administration of chondroitin sulfate revealed that it can be absorbed orally. (wikipedia.org)
- The bioavailability of chondroitin sulfate ranges from 15% to 24% of the orally administered dose. (wikipedia.org)
Antibody1
- Human M21 cells were stained with either PE Mouse Anti-Human Chondroitin Sulfate antibody (Cat. (bdbiosciences.com)
Minerals1
- Includes vegan glucosamine sulfate, chondroitin, and NAG, as well as vital minerals and key amino acids. (allergyresearchgroup.com)
Enzymes1
- Chondroitin lyases (EC 4.2.2.4 and EC 4.2.2.5) are glycosaminoglycan-degrading enzymes that act as eliminases. (rcsb.org)
Combination of glucosamine2
- Animals were treated p.o. with glucosamine sulfate (Glu) 500 mg/kg, the combination of glucosamine sulfate 500 mg/kg and chondroitin sulfate 400 mg/kg (GluChon), or saline, since 7 days prior to surgery until the sacrifice 70 days after ACLT. (usp.br)
- It is important to note, however, that the combination of glucosamine and chondroitin has yet to be shown to be any more effective than either ingredient on its own. (a1supplements.com)
Suggests1
- Early research suggests that chondroitin might cause the spread or recurrence of prostate cancer. (medlineplus.gov)
Ingredients1
- Chondroitin sulfate is possibly safe when used together with other ingredients in an eye drop. (medlineplus.gov)