• Hyaluronic Acid , a non-sulfated glycosaminoglycan distributed widely throughout connective, epithelial, and neural tissues. (a1supplements.com)
  • Like other chondroitin AC lyases, it is capable of cleaving hyaluronan. (rcsb.org)
  • AAV2 containing cDNA encoding enhanced green fluorescent protein (GFP), under the control of a chicken β-actin promoter, was delivered by intravitreal injection to adult mice in conjunction with enzymes including collagenase, hyaluronan lyase, heparinase III, or chondroitin ABC lyase. (molvis.org)
  • Chondroitin sulfate chains are unbranched polysaccharides of variable length containing two alternating monosaccharides: D-glucuronic acid (GlcA) and N-acetyl-D-galactosamine (GalNAc). (wikipedia.org)
  • Furthermore, marine chondroitin sulfate chains tend to be longer, with molecular weight of up to 70 kDa in chondroitin sulfate from shark, while in terrestrial animals molecular weight is typically below 45 kDa. (wikipedia.org)
  • Chondroitin sulfate chains are linked to hydroxyl groups on serine residues of certain proteins. (wikipedia.org)
  • Finally, the researchers showed that rVAR2 binding is dependent on the length of the chondroitin sulfate chains. (asbmb.org)
  • Five glycosaminoglycan chains were identified, viz. (caslab.com)
  • Chondroitin sulfate consists of repeating chains of molecules called mucopolysaccharides. (criticalbench.com)
  • Traumatic brain injury results in an increase in the chondroitin glycosaminoglycans (CSPGs) neurocan and NG2 expression in a tight band surrounding the injury core. (genscript.com)
  • Mechanical stimulation led to a significant increase in chondrogenic gene expression, while histological analysis detected sulphated glycosaminoglycans and collagen II only in loaded specimens, confirming MC hydrogel suitability to support load induced MSCs chondrogenesis. (nature.com)
  • One way to look at this difference is in terms of the proportion of disaccharide units: chondroitin sulfate from terrestrial animals is almost exclusively composed of non-sulfated (O) and monosulfated (A and C) units, while in marine species the proportion of disulfated (D, E and B) units is higher. (wikipedia.org)
  • Glycosaminoglycans are substances that function as very efficient shock absorbers and as lubricant for the joints. (mypetneedsthat.com)
  • The addition of heparinase III or chondroitin ABC lyase greatly enhanced transduction of the retinal ganglion cell layer and increased the depth of transduction into the outer retina. (molvis.org)
  • Electroretinograms survived with higher concentrations of heparinase III and chondroitin ABC lyase than were required for optimal retinal transduction. (molvis.org)
  • AAV2-mediated retinal transduction is improved by co-injection of heparinase III or chondroitin ABC lyase. (molvis.org)
  • Most studies suggest that 4-8 weeks of supplementation are needed at doses of 1500mg/day of glucosamine and/or 1200mg of chondroitin (the combination formula has not been shown to be any more effective than either supplement on its own). (a1supplements.com)
  • What's even more interesting is that chondroitin supplementation seems to stimulate the production of chondrocyte cells. (openhealthtools.org)
  • Placental malaria is mediated by the protein VAR2CSA interacting with the placental glycosaminoglycan chondroitin sulfate, or CS. (asbmb.org)
  • Title: Alterations in sulfated chondroitin glycosaminoglycans following controlled cortical impact injury in mice. (genscript.com)
  • Pharmacokinetic studies performed on humans and experimental animals after oral administration of chondroitin sulfate revealed that it can be absorbed orally. (wikipedia.org)
  • The bioavailability of chondroitin sulfate ranges from 15% to 24% of the orally administered dose. (wikipedia.org)
  • Chondroitin lyases (EC 4.2.2.4 and EC 4.2.2.5) are glycosaminoglycan-degrading enzymes that act as eliminases. (rcsb.org)
  • Animals were treated p.o. with glucosamine sulfate (Glu) 500 mg/kg, the combination of glucosamine sulfate 500 mg/kg and chondroitin sulfate 400 mg/kg (GluChon), or saline, since 7 days prior to surgery until the sacrifice 70 days after ACLT. (usp.br)
  • It is important to note, however, that the combination of glucosamine and chondroitin has yet to be shown to be any more effective than either ingredient on its own. (a1supplements.com)
  • Chondroitin sulfate is possibly safe when used together with other ingredients in an eye drop. (medlineplus.gov)