Studies in developing rodents indicate that nicotine is a neuroteratogen that disrupts brain development by stimulating nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) that control neural cell replication and differentiation. (nature.com)
Subtypes3
Delirium is only associated with the antagonism of post‐synaptic M1 receptors and to date other receptor subtypes have not been implicated Rang HP, Dale MM, Ritter JM, Moore PK (2003). (wikipedia.org)
Fetal brain regions and peripheral tissues were examined for nAChR subtypes, other neurotransmitter receptors, and indices of cell signaling and cell damage. (nature.com)
In addition, Davis and coworkers show that treating neurons from M1 knockout mice with carbachol increased Aβ production, probably via stimulation of other non-M1 muscarinic receptor subtypes. (alzforum.org)
Acetylcholine receptor3
The muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M1, also known as the cholinergic receptor, muscarinic 1, is a muscarinic receptor that in humans is encoded by the CHRM1 gene. (wikipedia.org)
The muscarinic acetylcholine receptor has been a target for AD therapies for decades, based first on the loss of acetylcholine in the disease and the role of M1 receptors in memory and cognition, and then on the finding that the receptors control the processing of amyloid precursor protein to Aβ peptides. (alzforum.org)
They show that treating cultured mouse neurons expressing human APP with the acetylcholine receptor agonist carbachol increased the production of α-secretase cleavage products, but no such effect occurred in cells from M1 knockout mice. (alzforum.org)
Coronary vascular disease: Choline esters (muscarinic agonists), as a result of their hypotensive effects, can further compromise coronary blood flow. (pharmacology2000.com)
Selectivity is important on both counts: Non-specific muscarinic receptor agonists can produce side effects due to peripheral cholinergic effects including gastrointestinal disturbances, changes in blood pressure, and excessive sweating. (alzforum.org)
Opioid receptor1
Such effect was completely reversed both by the opioid receptor antagonist naloxone and by the unselective muscarinic receptor antagonist atropine. (researchgate.net)
Quinuclidinyl benzilate3
The binding characteristics of [ 3 H]quinuclidinyl benzilate (QNB) to muscarinic cholinoceptors were compared in young and aged bladder. (scirp.org)
In order to elucidate the mechanisms of age-related changes in urinary bladder function, we studied the influence of aging on the contractile response to muscarinic and α-adrenergic stimulation, and on the binding characteristics of [ 3 H]quinuclidinyl benzilate ([ 3 H]QNB) to muscarinic cholinoceptors, in addition to histological examination in rat urinary bladder. (scirp.org)
3 H]Pirenzepine and (-)-[ 3 H]quinuclidinyl benzilate binding to rat cerebral cortical and cardiac muscarinic cholinergic sites. (arizona.edu)
Atropine1
Antagonists of human M1 receptors (e.g. atropine, diphenhydramine) have been shown to exert anti-proliferative effects on these pathogens. (wikipedia.org)
Modulate1
It is suggested that G-protein-coupled receptors might modulate cytoskeletal dynamics, intracellular traffic, and cellular architecture. (jneurosci.org)
Stimulation2
Essentially, by providing excessive cholinergic stimulation throughout fetal life, nicotine discoordinates the numerous events in cell replication, differentiation and synaptic development that are necessary to the proper assembly of the mammalian brain. (nature.com)
We revealed that the muscarinic receptor-mediated response was not affected by aging, while the contractile response to α-adrenergic stimulation was significantly augmented in both bladder body and trigone. (scirp.org)
20011
Chen K, Aradi I, Thon N, Eghbal-Ahmadi M, Baram TZ, Soltesz I (2001) Persistently modified h-channels after complex febrile seizures convert the seizure-induced enhancement of inhibition to hyperexcitability. (yale.edu)
Activation5
Acetylcholine released from cholinergic nerve endings, contracts the smooth muscle of bladder body via activation of muscarinic receptors to cause voiding. (scirp.org)
The muscarinic receptor-mediated contraction of smooth muscle is induced by activation of protein kinase C and by increased intracellular Ca 2+ . (scirp.org)
Finally, the activation of opioidergic and cholinergic systems appears to play a crucial role in (-)-linalool-induced antinociception. (researchgate.net)
Cunningham MO, Davies CH, Buhl EH, Kopell N, Whittington MA (2003) Gamma oscillations induced by kainate receptor activation in the entorhinal cortex in vitro. (yale.edu)
Activation of muscarinic acetylcholine receptors is known to steer APP down the non-amyloidogenic, α-secretase pathway, but it has been difficult to pin the effect on a specific receptor subtype: There are five different muscarinic receptors (M1-M5) and knowing which one is involved is critical for making selective drugs and minimizing cholinergic side effects. (alzforum.org)
Bronchoconstriction1
Cognitive flexibility Synaptic plasticity modulation Anxiety-like behavior and spontaneous working memorySalivation Task switching Vagally-induced bronchoconstriction Mediating olfactory behaviors and detection of "social odors" which have implications (for rodents) in aggression, mating, and social behavior. (wikipedia.org)
Transient2
Then, around birth in mice, waves are produced by a transient network consisting of cholinergic connections between amacrine cells. (org.es)
In SK-N-SH cells, carbachol induced a rapid and transient translocation of tubulin to the plasma membrane, microtubule reorganization, and a change in cell shape as demonstrated by confocal immunofluorescence microscopy. (jneurosci.org)
Stimulates1
The α 1 adrenergic receptor stimulates phosphatidylinositol turnover and increased diacylglycerol activates protein kinase C, while increased inositoltrisphosphate mobilize Ca 2+ to cause smooth muscle contraction. (scirp.org)
Neurotransmitters2
Early in development, neurotransmitters can function in the absence of traditional synapses (Redburn and Rowe-Rendleman, 1996). (org.es)
Below we discuss the role of early neurotransmitters and their receptors prior to the formation of circuits that mediate vision. (org.es)
Intracellular1
Norepinephrine released from adrenergic nerve endings, relaxes bladder body by increasing intracellular cAMP via β-adrenergic receptors widely expressed in the bladder body, and contracts bladder base and proximal urethra via α-adrenergic receptors to prevent premature bladder emptying. (scirp.org)
Behaviors1
2016), nocifensive behaviors induced by chemical irritants (Peana et al. (researchgate.net)
Gene1
Studies that use loss-of-function strategies (e.g., targeted gene deletion, receptor blockade, enzyme inhibitors, etc.) are perhaps most useful in this regard, but the interpretation of such data is often confounded by associated changes of food intake and body weight, by off-target effects ( 11 ), or by compensatory adaptations triggered by the experimental intervention. (silverchair.com)
Urinary3
In order to elucidate the mechanism of functional changes in aged rat urinary bladder, we studied the influence of senescence on, 1) the α-adrenergic contractile response to phenylephrine in the urinary bladder body and trigone, 2) the muscarinic contractile response to carbachol in the body and trigone. (scirp.org)
The augmentation of α-adrenoceptor-mediated contractions in aged bladder may induce urinary dysfunction such as voiding difficulty. (scirp.org)
This study presents the prostaglandin receptor system as a potential therapeutic target for lower urinary tract dysfunction. (biomedcentral.com)
Secretion1
Nitric oxide and prostaglandins in the clenbuterol-induced ACTH and corticosterone secretion. (krakow.pl)
Drugs1
This is a notable component in regards to the M1 receptor since it helps explain how pharmacological compounds which antagonize the receptor site can consistently produce mental states like delirium (a major disruption in attention and decrease in baseline-level cognitive functioning), as well as the perceptual alterations and conspicuous hallucinations experienced with deliriant drugs like Datura. (wikipedia.org)
Cells8
Avella Gonzalez OJ, van Aerde KI, van Elburg RA, Poil SS, Mansvelder HD, Linkenkaer-Hansen K, van Pelt J, van Ooyen A (2012) External drive to inhibitory cells induces alternating episodes of high- and low-amplitude oscillations. (yale.edu)
This was studied in SK-N-SH neuroblastoma cells, which possess a muscarinic receptor-regulated PLCβ 1 -signaling pathway. (jneurosci.org)
A specific and time-dependent association of tubulin with plasma membranes was observed when SK-N-SH cells were treated with carbachol. (jneurosci.org)
High levels of dopamine (DA) were described in human ovary and recently evidence for DA receptors in granulosa and luteal cells has been provided, as well. (biomedcentral.com)
Human granulosa cells (GCs) derived from women undergoing in vitro fertilization (IVF) are an adequate model for endocrine cells of the follicle and the corpus luteum and were therefore employed in an attempt to decipher their DA receptor repertoire and functionality. (biomedcentral.com)
Expression of prototype receptors for the two families, D 1 and D 2 , was furthermore shown in rat granulosa and luteal cells by in situ hybridization. (biomedcentral.com)
A previous study showed D 2 in human GCs, which are linked to cAMP, and the present study reveals the full spectrum of DA receptors present in these endocrine cells, which also includes D 2 -like receptors, linked to calcium. (biomedcentral.com)
These observations presented a spatial and temporal resolution of the sequence of events underlying receptor-evoked involvement of tubulin in G-protein-mediated signaling. (jneurosci.org)
The presence of the trophic hormone hCG (10 IU/ml) in the culture medium for several days did not alter mRNA (semiquantitative RT-PCR) or protein levels (immunocytochemistry/Western blotting) of D 1,2,4,5 DA receptors. (biomedcentral.com)
Among the DA receptors found in human GCs, D 2 expression was marked both at mRNA and protein levels and it was therefore further studied. (biomedcentral.com)
Role1
However, neither the full repertoire of ovarian receptors for DA, nor their specific role, is established. (biomedcentral.com)
Activity2
In this study, the antinociceptive activity of (-)-linalool was examined in two different pain models in mice: the acetic acid-induced writhing response, a model of inflammatory pain, and the hot plate test, a model of supraspinal analgesia. (researchgate.net)
Chronic stress adaptation of the nitric oxide synthases and IL-1β levels in brain structures and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis activity induced by homotypic stress. (krakow.pl)
Human2
A structural but not sequential homolog of the human M1 receptor has been reported in Acanthamoeba castellanii and Naegleria fowleri. (wikipedia.org)
We found members of the two DA receptor families (D 1 - and D 2 -like) associated with different signaling pathways in human GCs, namely D 1 (as expected) and D 5 (both are Gs coupled and linked to cAMP increase) and D 2 , D 4 (Gi/Gq coupled and linked to IP3/DAG). (biomedcentral.com)
Effect1
Linalool induced a dose dependent increase of motility effects, thus ruling out the confounding influence of a possible sedative effect. (researchgate.net)
Play1
In contrast, cholinergic nerves play primarily in the phase of voiding [3,4]. (scirp.org)
Found1
This receptor is found mediating slow EPSP at the ganglion in the postganglionic nerve, is common in exocrine glands and in the CNS. (wikipedia.org)
Show2
The results show that this compound induced a significant reduction of the acid-induced writhing at doses ranging from 25 to 75 mg/kg. (researchgate.net)
Allan Levey and colleagues at Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, have now used knockout mice to show that the M1 receptor is responsible for regulating APP processing in vivo. (alzforum.org)