• In this approach, we performed FRET time-lapse imaging of Rac1 and Cdc42, members of Rho GTPases which are responsible for cell motility and quantitatively identified the response functions that describe the conversion from the molecular activities to the morphological changes. (nature.com)
  • The Rho family of small GTPases may serve as "molecular switches" to regulate the cytoskeletal rearrangements involved in many forms of cell motility ( Etienne-Manneville and Hall, 2002 ). (jneurosci.org)
  • Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a dynamic process involved in cancer metastasis wherein cancer cells with epithelial characteristics acquire mesenchymal characteristics such as increased motility, invasion, and survival [ 6 ]. (techscience.com)
  • Subpopulations of cells within the biofilm differentiate to perform various activities for motility, matrix production, and sporulation, supporting the overall success of the biofilm. (wikipedia.org)
  • Cell motility was assessed by scratch wound assay. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Hence, the molecular events that contribute to the increased motility of tumor cells has become important for understanding tumor metastasis as well as for targets for potential therapeutic intervention in human cancers. (biomedcentral.com)
  • When a simulated cell responds to co-attraction, the simulated cell is normally put through a potent drive proportional CHK1-IN-3 towards the gradient from the co-attraction profile, as the steepness of exterior gradients have already been proven previously to have an effect on cell motility in eukaryotic cells [50] (Amount 1gCi). (gasyblog.com)
  • Alteration of actin polymerization has been implicated in various cell responses, including proliferation find more and motility. (vegfrinhibitors.com)
  • Depolymerization of actin filaments impairs the morphology, motility and division of most cells. (vegfrinhibitors.com)
  • Chemotaxis is described in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, but signalling mechanisms (receptors, intracellular signaling) and effectors are significantly different. (wikipedia.org)
  • These NFPs are a chemoattractant for host phagocytes and can be recognised by formyl peptide receptors on the plasma membrane [ 8 , 9 ]. (nature.com)
  • Sequence comparison does not support an evolutionary link between halobacterial retinal proteins including bacteriorhodopsin and eukaryotic G-protein-coupled receptors. (springer.com)
  • Histoplasma capsulatum cell wall {beta}-glucan induces lipid body formation through CD18, TLR2, and dectin-1 receptors: correlation with leukotriene B4 generation and role in HIV-1 infection. (microbiologyresearch.org)
  • MDC interacts with cell surface chemokine receptors CCR4. (neobiolab.com)
  • A monocyte chemoattractant protein that has activity towards a broad variety of immune cell types. (lookformedical.com)
  • Morooka N, Ueguri K, Yee KK, Yanase T, Sato T.(2016/9/2) Androgen-androgen receptor system improves chronic inflammatory conditions by suppressing monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 gene expression in adipocytes via transcriptional regulation. (gunma-u.ac.jp)
  • Kidney specimens were fixed for immunohistochemistry for myofibroblasts (α-smooth muscle actin, α-SMA), macrophages (ED-1), monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) and osteopontin. (vegfrinhibitors.com)
  • CCL22 is vastly expressed in macrophage and in monocyte-derived dendritic cells, and thymus. (neobiolab.com)
  • Down-regulation of EIF5B significantly decreased proliferation and invasiveness of the HCC cells. (techscience.com)
  • MAPK pathways refer to various cellular functions, including cell proliferation, differentiation and migration. (springer.com)
  • The β-chemokines form a gradient that serves as a chemoattractant and potential proliferation signal for immune and other cells such as monocytes, macrophages, basophils, eosinophils, T lymphocytes and fibroblasts. (justia.com)
  • Inhibitor of differentiation 2 ( Id2 ) is a critical factor for cell proliferation and differentiation in normal vertebrate development. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The effects of Id2 and its mutants on cell proliferation were determined by [ 3 H]-thymidine incorporation assay and the 3- [4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) dye method. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The ectopic expression of Id2 or its mutants did not alter proliferation of either MCF-7 or SKOV-3 cells. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Likewise, they have the ability to activate the angiogenesis, proliferation, migration, and differentiation of the main cell types involved in skin regeneration. (frontiersin.org)
  • In the model organism Dictyostelium discoideum , loss of the CLN5 homolog, cln5 , impacts various cellular and developmental processes including cell proliferation, cytokinesis, aggregation, cell adhesion, and terminal differentiation. (frontiersin.org)
  • The proliferation of HaCaT cells was inhibited to a greater MK-1775 in vitro degree than NIH-3T3 fibroblasts by H. excavatum SGE. (vegfrinhibitors.com)
  • The highest inhibition of proliferation of both cell lines was obtained by SGE prepared from 7-day-fed females, whereas treatment of cells with SGE of 3-day-fed females had comparatively little effect. (vegfrinhibitors.com)
  • Klinotaxis occurs in organisms with receptor cells but not paired receptor organs. (wikipedia.org)
  • Tropotaxis is displayed by organisms with paired receptor cells, comparing the strength of the signals and turning toward the strongest signal. (wikipedia.org)
  • The aggregative enzyme (ACA) is activated following cAMP-binding to the G-protein coupled cell surface cAMP receptor (cAR1). (biomedcentral.com)
  • Parafollicular (PF) cells secrete 5-HT in response to stimulation of a G-protein-coupled Ca 2+ receptor (CaR) by increased extracellular Ca 2+ (↑[Ca 2+ ] e ). (jneurosci.org)
  • We aimed to reveal the role of Id2 in invasion potential in poorly invasive and estrogen receptor α (ERα)-positive MCF-7 and SKOV-3 cancer cells. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Both human breast cancer MCF-7 and human ovarian carcinoma SKOV-3 cells are estrogen-receptor α (ERα)-positive epithelial tumor cell lines. (biomedcentral.com)
  • γδ T cells express unique T cell receptor (TCR) γ and TCR δ chains, with structural and functional heterogeneity. (explorationpub.com)
  • Taking advantage of the diverse γδ TCR repertoire or other ligand-receptor interactions, γδ T cells can recognize a broad spectrum of tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) in a major histocompatibility complex (MHC)-independent manner, thereby activating downstream pleiotropic effects. (explorationpub.com)
  • In the 1960s and 1970s, the revolution of modern cell biology and biochemistry provided a series of novel techniques which became available to investigate the migratory responder cells and subcellular fractions responsible for chemotactic activity. (wikidoc.org)
  • Comprehensive analysis of chemotactic activity of the eukaryotic protozoon Tetrahymena pyriformis and consensus sequences of appearance of amino acids in the primordial soup suggest that there was a good correlation between the chemotactic character of these relative simple organic molecules and their development on the Earth. (wikidoc.org)
  • Human MCP-1, MCP-2 and MCP-3 all have chemotactic activity for a variety of cell types, including T lymphocytes and monocytes (Van Coillie et al. (justia.com)
  • MDC shows chemotactic activity for natural killer cells, chronically activated T lymphocytes, monocytes and dendritic cells. (neobiolab.com)
  • Chemotaxis , a kind of taxis , is the phenomenon in which bodily cells, bacteria , and other single-cell or multicellular organisms direct their movements according to certain chemicals in their environment. (wikidoc.org)
  • Although migration of cells was detected from the early days of the development of microscopy ( Leeuwenhoek ) , erudite description of chemotaxis was first made by T.W. Engelmann (1881) and W.F. Pfeffer (1884) in bacteria and H.S. Jennings (1906) in ciliates . (wikidoc.org)
  • Chemotaxis is one of the most basic cell physiological responses. (wikidoc.org)
  • Both eppA gene disruption and overexpression of EppA carrying the serine 250-to-alanine mutation led to inhibition of intracellular cAMP accumulation in response to chemoattractant cAMP, a pivotal process in Dictyostelium chemotaxis and development. (elsevierpure.com)
  • Dictyostelium discoideum is a forest floor-dwelling amoeboid protozoan (slime mould) that serves as a model organism for studying cell biology, differentiation, chemotaxis and cell-cell interaction. (lynniezulu.com)
  • To search for targets of DdERK2 in Dictyostelium discoideum, 32 PO 4 3- -labeled protein samples from wild-type and Dderk2 - cells were resolved by 2-dimensional electrophoresis. (elsevierpure.com)
  • What are Dictyostelium cells? (lynniezulu.com)
  • Dictyostelium is a genus of single- and multi-celled eukaryotic, phagotrophic bacterivores. (lynniezulu.com)
  • Dictyostelium discoideum is a haploid, eukaryotic amoeba that normally lives a solitary life, but it can be induced to form a multicellular organism. (lynniezulu.com)
  • However, when the food supply is exhausted, Dictyostelium produce a chemoattractant, which signals to neighboring cells to aggregate into a multicellular organism of ~ 215,000 cells [15, 16]. (lynniezulu.com)
  • During early differentiation of Dictyostelium the attractant cAMP is released periodically to induce aggregation of the cells. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Sequential rounds of division and differentiation give rise to an enormous amplification of cell numbers, necessary for the production of mature blood cells. (justia.com)
  • This process of division and differentiation is subject to regulation at many levels to control cell production. (justia.com)
  • Of note, among these influence factors, CAR T cells differentiation and exhaustion are identified as the central part due to the fact that almost all factors eventually alter the state of cells differentiation and exhaustion. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The main enzyme for aggregation (ACA) displays little activity in growing cells and accumulates during differentiation with a maximum at aggregation. (biomedcentral.com)
  • cAMP is secreted periodically after about 4 h of differentiation with a period length in cell suspension of about 7 min. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Although the general role of Id2 proteins has been considered pro-growth and anti-differentiation in various human tumors [ 13 - 15 ], their role in modulating invasion and metastasis of some specific tumor cells remain to be investigated. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Cathelicidin hCAP-18 (human cationic antimicrobial peptide) synthesizes in neutrophils, keratinocytes, respiratory epithelial cells as an inactive precursor, consisting of an N-terminal cathelin-like and C-terminal antimicrobial domains. (usapeptides.info)
  • Activated γδ T cells exhibit strong cytotoxic activity and cytokine secretion functions and are effective antitumor lymphocytes with simple and direct recognition modes and rapid responses. (explorationpub.com)
  • Many of the pro-inflammatory pathways activated during cell death occur upon mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilization (MOMP), the pivotal commitment point to cell death during mitochondrial apoptosis. (nature.com)
  • Thus, concentration is reached, through-holes form to target membrane, which leads to cell lysis. (usapeptides.info)
  • The higher sensitivity of bacteria to the bactericidal action of the LL-37 peptide is associated with a greater negative charge of the bacterial cell wall than that of the membrane of eukaryotic cells. (usapeptides.info)
  • Our work touches on the organization of the cytoskeleton and the plasma membrane, on the spatial organization of signaling pathways and on principles of cell polarization. (unige.ch)
  • Sterols are important lipids constituting up to 40% of the plasma membrane, with a wide range of functions in membrane organization, vesicle trafficking and cell polarization. (unige.ch)
  • Immunoblots from membrane and cytosolic fractions of isolated PF cells revealed conventional (α, βI, and γ), novel (δ and ε), and atypical (ι/λ and ζ) PKCs. (jneurosci.org)
  • As specialized, inducible cytoplasmic organelles, lipid droplets have functions beyond the regulation of lipid metabolism, in cell signalling and activation, membrane trafficking and control of inflammatory mediator synthesis and secretion. (microbiologyresearch.org)
  • The cells secrete extracellular vesicles (EV) that may have an endosomal origin, or from evaginations of the plasma membrane. (frontiersin.org)
  • SARS-CoV mainly infects tissues of non-lymphatic origin, and the cytokine profile of those cells can determine the course of disease. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Here, we investigated the cytokine response of two human non-lymphatic cell lines, Caco-2 and HEK 293, which are fully permissive for SARS-CoV. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Our data indicate that SARS-CoV suppresses the antiviral cytokine system of non-immune cells to a large extent, thus buying time for dissemination in the host. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The outcome of this primary infection can determine the course of disease, and the cytokine response of the infected cell plays a vital part. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Viruses, on the other hand, have evolved various mechanisms to counteract the host's cytokine response [ 3 ], and their ability to induce or inhibit cytokine production in infected cells has direct consequences for the balance between host defense and virus propagation. (biomedcentral.com)
  • First, γδ T cells exposed to complicated cytokine networks are potentially affected by multiple inhibitory mechanisms. (explorationpub.com)
  • Moreover, we discuss the roles of mitochondrial inflammation during cell death and how these processes may potentially be harnessed therapeutically, for instance to improve cancer treatment. (nature.com)
  • 2016/10/10) Opposing roles for SNAP23 in secretion in exocrine and endocrine pancreatic cells. (gunma-u.ac.jp)
  • Therefore, an in-depth understanding of γδ T cells that play conflicting roles in the tumor microenvironment is necessary. (explorationpub.com)
  • For instance, mtDNA and bacterial DNA are highly similar thereby activating similar cell autonomous immune signalling pathways. (nature.com)
  • The intense skin infiltration achieves it by almost all immune system cells. (usapeptides.info)
  • and a variety of other immune cells. (lookformedical.com)
  • Chemokines," which take their name from chemotactic cytokines, are small secreted polypeptides that regulate movement of immune cells into tissues (Baggiolini et al. (justia.com)
  • 18:217-242), the β-chemokines regulate the expression of adhesion molecules on endothelial cells and thereby indirectly affect diapedesis and extravasation of immune cells from the circulation into tissues. (justia.com)
  • Therefore, the progressive infiltration of immune cells into the infected lungs observed in SARS patients could be due to the production of these chemokines by the infected tissue cells. (biomedcentral.com)
  • γδ T cells recruited into the tumor microenvironment can act as effector cells to mediate cancer immune surveillance. (explorationpub.com)
  • This review further emphasizes the diversified cross-talk between γδ T cells and other immune cells. (explorationpub.com)
  • It is hoped that the host immune status can be accurately predicted and gradually advance γδ T cell precise individualized medicine. (explorationpub.com)
  • extravasation of immune cells during inflammation [22]. (vegfrinhibitors.com)
  • This might be due to the fact that remyelination is a sophistically orchestrated process that calls for the interplay between oligodendrocyte lineage cells, neurons, central nervous system (CNS) resident innate immune cells, and peripheral immune infiltrates and that this process may somewhat differ in humans and rodent models used in research. (encyclopedia.pub)
  • Immune cells with peripheral origin pass through the damaged blood-brain barrier (BBB) and release cytokines, including tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα), interferon gamma (IFN-γ), and interleukin 17 (Il-17). (encyclopedia.pub)
  • The alteration of innate immune cell populations in MS patients varies largely within the lesion areas and throughout disease progression. (encyclopedia.pub)
  • They can be found very early in Earth's fossil records (about 3.25 billion years ago) as both Archaea and Bacteria, and commonly protect prokaryotic cells by providing them with homeostasis, encouraging the development of complex interactions between the cells in the biofilm. (wikipedia.org)
  • Thus, it may refer to the "exosome complex ," being a proteic (enzymatic) macromolecular machinery, present in archaea and eukaryotic cells, being involved in RNA degradation. (frontiersin.org)
  • Many studies have extensively investigated the molecular mechanisms involved in cell migration and have recognized the Rho small GTPases as key regulators of actin dynamics 7 , 8 . (nature.com)
  • To investigate the mechanisms underlying the reversal of cell polarity, a mathematical model consisting of a pair of reaction-di usion equations was presented and solved numerically with the Lattice-Boltzmann method. (cstam.org.cn)
  • Our efforts concentrate on probing the mechanisms by which cells pattern their cortex to achieve local function. (unige.ch)
  • We aim to define the composition and mechanisms of the core polarization machinery, addressing how spatial landmarks and feedbacks combine to achieve robust cell polarization. (unige.ch)
  • We use the mating response of yeast cells, during which they polarize growth in response to pheromones, to probe the mechanisms of gradient sensing and cell pairing. (unige.ch)
  • Cells reproducibly divide at constant cell size, but the mechanisms of cell size homeostasis remain very elusive. (unige.ch)
  • In this study, we investigated the functional role of eukaryotic initiation factor 5B (EIF5B) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and the underlying mechanisms. (techscience.com)
  • Therefore, study on factors and mechanisms that limit the in vivo persistence of CAR T cells is crucial for developing strategies to overcome these limitations. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In this review, we summarize the rapidly developing knowledge regarding the factors that influence CAR T cells in vivo persistence and the underlying mechanisms. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Therefore, study on factors and mechanisms that limit the in vivo persistence of CAR T cells is crucial for developing strategies to reduce the probability of tumor relapse and improve the long-term disease-free survival for patients who are treated with CAR T cells. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In this review, we summarize the rapidly developing knowledge regarding the influence factors and mechanisms of poor CAR T cells persistence, and also the potential strategies to overcome these limitations. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Moreover, the molecular mechanisms underlying neuroinflammation in vivo were further elucidated by treating BV2 and PC12 cells with ZnO NPs in vitro. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Here we show that direct elevation of cytoplasmic Ca 2+ by extracellular application of a low concentration of ryanodine, which activated Ca 2+ release from intracellular stores, upregulated Cdc42/Rac, but downregulated RhoA, in cultured cerebellar granule cells and human embryonic kidney 293T cells. (jneurosci.org)
  • Aggregate of microorganisms in which cells that are frequently embedded within a self-produced matrix of extracellular polymeric substances (EPSs) adhere to each other and/or to a surface. (wikipedia.org)
  • [2] [3] These adherent cells become embedded within a slimy extracellular matrix that is composed of extracellular polymeric substances (EPSs). (wikipedia.org)
  • [2] [3] The cells within the biofilm produce the EPS components, which are typically a polymeric conglomeration of extracellular polysaccharides , proteins , lipids and DNA . (wikipedia.org)
  • As a result, PF cells secrete both transmitters when stimulated by their natural secretogogue, increased extracellular Ca 2+ (↑[Ca 2+ ] e ) ( Nunez and Gershon, 1978 ). (jneurosci.org)
  • Other shared functions of MCP-1, MCP-2, and MCP-3 include induction of N-acetyl β-D-glucosaminidase release, gelatinase B release, and granzyme A release which are believed to help the cells digest the extracellular matrix components necessary to enable them to migrate into tissues (Van Coillie et al. (justia.com)
  • On the other hand, the "exosome vesicle " is an extracellular particle released from the endosomal compartment of most eukaryotic cells. (frontiersin.org)
  • The exosome vesicles are a type of extracellular vesicles (EV), which are defined as lipid-bilayer spheroid structures, without replicating capacity, that are released from cells, including both prokaryotes and eukaryotes. (frontiersin.org)
  • Additionally, cln5 - cells displayed increased intracellular and extracellular amounts of discoidin, which is involved in cell-substrate adhesion and migration. (frontiersin.org)
  • [10] [11] A cell that switches to the biofilm mode of growth undergoes a phenotypic shift in behavior in which large suites of genes are differentially regulated . (wikipedia.org)
  • During growth, genes associated with protein ubiquitination/deubiquitination, cell cycle progression, and proteasomal degradation were affected, while genes linked to protein and carbohydrate catabolism were affected during early development. (frontiersin.org)
  • Finally, consistent with the differential expression of genes associated with proteasomal degradation in cln5 - cells, we also observed elevated amounts of a proteasome subunit and reduced proteasome 20S activity during cln5 - growth and starvation. (frontiersin.org)
  • Ea E (2000) Pheromone response, mating and cell biology. (springer.com)
  • The Journal of Cell Biology vol. 215,1,121-138. (gunma-u.ac.jp)
  • Our recent work established fission yeast as a simple model to investigate the flow of sterols through the cell and the role of the actin cytoskeleton in this flow. (unige.ch)
  • In spite of such accumulating knowledge of Rac1 and Cdc42 downstream pathways, little is known about the functional differences between Rac1 and Cdc42, in particular, how these Rho GTPases participate in cell migration. (nature.com)
  • Caspases, while dispensable for cell death during mitochondrial apoptosis, inhibit activation of pro-inflammatory pathways after MOMP. (nature.com)
  • Mitochondrial health must be monitored carefully, because mi-tochondria are hardwired to the major metabolic pathways of the cell, and, due to their exceptional origin[1], are prone to cause cell death and a variety of other problems. (1library.net)
  • NF-κB pathways are associated with immunity, inflammation and cell survival. (springer.com)
  • Akt pathways have effects on apoptosis, protein synthesis, metabolism and cell cycle. (springer.com)
  • Intro The Neural Crest (NC) is definitely a multi-potent cell populace CHK1-IN-3 that arises in the dorsal midline during embryo development, migrates ventrally through the embryo and is guided by rigid migratory pathways [1]. (gasyblog.com)
  • The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the platelet-derived growth factor/vascular endothelial growth factor (PDGF/VEGF) family and is active in angiogenesis, lymphangiogenesis, and endothelial cell growth. (nih.gov)
  • Improved methods and pharmaceutical compositions are provided herein for mobilizing hematopoietic progenitor cells from bone marrow into peripheral blood, comprising the administration of an effective amount of an inhibitor of GTPases, such as Rac1 and Rac2 alone or in combination. (justia.com)
  • When stimulated to divide, they give rise to more committed, differentiated daughter cells with less proliferative potential, called "early progenitor" cells. (justia.com)
  • Current treatments to manage the problems that result from prolonged bone marrow suppression include the reinfusion of a patient's own previously harvested hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells. (justia.com)
  • In such procedures, patients undergo successive treatments with cell mobilization agents to cause mobilization of hematopoietic progenitor cells from the bone marrow to the peripheral circulation for harvesting. (justia.com)
  • The density of OL progenitor cells (OPCs), the main cell population remyelinating axons, increases in early MS lesions compared to the adjacent NAWM, which sustains mature OL populations with unaltered density. (encyclopedia.pub)
  • EIF5B (Eukaryotic Translation Initiation Factor 5B) is a conserved eukaryotic translation factor that mediates association of the 40S and 60S ribosomal subunits during eukaryotic translation initiation, and modulates the cell cycle progression by regulating the translation of upstream open reading frames (uORF)-containing mRNAs such as p27 and p21 [ 3 ]. (techscience.com)
  • Type I interferons (IFN-α/β) are potent, antivirally active cytokines which can be produced by most, if not all, body cells in response to virus infection. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Overexpression of Id2 in ERα-positive epithelial tumor cells indeed increases the cells' invasive potential through a novel mechanism independent of dimerization to basic helix-loop-helix factors. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In the study of Wynn NC cells migrating and confirms the mechanism of contact inhibition is definitely significantly different from the dynamics of an equal mass normal pressure rigid body collision. (gasyblog.com)
  • A chemokine that is a chemoattractant for MONOCYTES and may also cause cellular activation of specific functions related to host defense. (lookformedical.com)
  • Microbes form a biofilm in response to a number of different factors, [9] which may include cellular recognition of specific or non-specific attachment sites on a surface, nutritional cues, or in some cases, by exposure of planktonic cells to sub-inhibitory concentrations of antibiotics . (wikipedia.org)
  • Down-regulation of EIF5B also increased the sensitivity of HCC cells to 5-fluorouracil (5-FU). (techscience.com)
  • Similar to αβ T cells, γδ T cells also develop in embryos, and their intra-thymic development shows strict regulation and flexible plasticity [ 2 ]. (explorationpub.com)
  • Durotaxis is the directional movement of a cell along a stiffness gradient. (wikipedia.org)
  • Electrotaxis (or galvanotaxis) is the directional movement of motile cells along the vector of an electric field. (wikipedia.org)
  • We conclude that directional migration is definitely a system home and does not require action of external chemoattractants. (gasyblog.com)
  • This process has been characterized in in the absence of any external chemoattractant show directional collective migration [40], [41]. (gasyblog.com)
  • This peptide is also present at a high concentration in the dermis, where it is in close contact with plasmacytoid dendritic cells (PDC). (usapeptides.info)
  • During this step, a small proportion of epithelial tumor cells lose cell-cell adhesion and gain higher mobility, thus allowing them to invade the adjacent tissues [ 2 , 3 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Other cell types derived from hematopoietic stem cells include platelets and erythrocytes. (justia.com)
  • Overexpression of Id2 is frequently observed in various human tumors, but its role for invasion potential in tumor cells is dispute. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The microbial cells growing in a biofilm are physiologically distinct from planktonic cells of the same organism, which, by contrast, are single cells that may float or swim in a liquid medium. (wikipedia.org)
  • Using the response function, we could predict the morphological change from molecular activity and its predictive performance provides a new quantitative measure of how much the Rho GTPases participate in the cell migration. (nature.com)
  • To examine this issue, we focused on cell migration as a model biological system, because both molecular activity (as input signal) and morphological changes (as output signal) during cell migration can be monitored by FRET imaging. (nature.com)
  • Apoptotic caspase activity inhibits cell death-associated inflammation. (nature.com)
  • It has activity towards TH2 CELLS and TC2 CELLS. (lookformedical.com)
  • These therapies decrease a patient's white blood cell counts, suppress bone marrow hematopoietic activity, and increase the patient's risk of infection and/or hemorrhage. (justia.com)
  • Stimulation of PF cells with ↑[Ca 2+ ] e increased the activity of immunoprecipitated PKCζ (but not PKCι/λ), and the activity of this PKCζ was inhibited by pseudoZ. (jneurosci.org)
  • Notably, cln5 - cells displayed reduced β-hexosaminidase activity, which aligns with previous work showing that D. discoideum Cln5 and human CLN5 can cleave the substrate acted upon by β-hexosaminidase. (frontiersin.org)
  • We propose a new computation-based approach for elucidating how signaling molecules are decoded in cell migration. (nature.com)
  • Thus, our proposed predictive approach enabled us to uncover the hidden information processing rules of Rho GTPases in the cell migration. (nature.com)
  • Physical limits of cell migration: Control by ECM space and nuclear deformation and tuning by proteolysis and traction force. (cstam.org.cn)
  • Cell surface glycoproteins that bind to chemokines and thus mediate the migration of pro-inflammatory molecules. (lookformedical.com)
  • One NC cells noticed transformation their path of migration [12] regularly, [49]. (gasyblog.com)
  • This transformation toward migration would depend over the path of their protrusions and will be viewed by plotting specific cell monitors or documenting cell persistence. (gasyblog.com)
  • The ↑[Ca 2+ ] i activates a signaling cascade that involves, sequentially, calcium-calmodulin, nitric oxide synthase, guanylyl cyclase, and protein kinase G. This signal transduction pathway enables Cl − to pass through vesicular channels and act as a counterion for the transport of H + , so that the vesicles of secretogogue-stimulated cells become acidic. (jneurosci.org)
  • Transfection of the wild-type Id2 significantly induced the invasion potential and migratory capacity of cells, which was further augmented by transfection with the degradation-resistant full-length or HLH-deleted Id2. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Inducers of locomotion towards increasing steps of concentrations are considered as chemoattractants, while chemorepellents result moving off the chemical. (wikipedia.org)
  • In the glioma cells, EIF5B promotes cell survival by enhancing the translation of several IRES-containing mRNAs including those encoding anti-apoptotic proteins such as XIAP and Bcl-xL [ 4 ]. (techscience.com)
  • The EV composition depends on the producer cell type and its physiological conditions. (frontiersin.org)
  • MCF-7 and SKOV-3 cells were stably transfected with the wild-type, degradation-resistant full-length or helix-loop-helix (HLH)-deleted Id2, respectively. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Ectopic expression of E-cadherin in MCF-7 and SKOV-3 cells only partially blunted the invasion potential induced by the degradation-resistant HLH-deleted Id2. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Some bacteria , such as E. coli , have several flagella per cell (4-10 typically). (wikidoc.org)
  • A concentration gradient of chemicals developed in a fluid phase guides the vectorial movement of responder cells or organisms. (wikipedia.org)
  • It was found that, by applying a reversal gradient of Rac signal in a cell, labels for lamellipod (i.e. (cstam.org.cn)
  • Results: The scores for the density buy MG-132 of α-SMA- and ED-1-positive cells, the staining of MCP-1 and osteopontin, interstitial collagen deposition and amounts of TGF-β1 were significantly reduced by MMF or Trip. (vegfrinhibitors.com)