Cerebral nerve fibers myelinated. Medical search. Frequent questions

The corpus callosum (Latin for "tough body"), also callosal commissure, is a wide, thick nerve tract, consisting of a flat bundle of commissural fibers, beneath the cerebral cortex in the brain. (wikipedia.org)
The splenium, communicates somatosensory information between the two halves of the parietal lobe and the visual cortex at the occipital lobe, these are the fibers of the forceps major. (wikipedia.org)
When painful peripheral stimulation occurs, however, the information carried by C fibers reaches the T cells and opens the gate, allowing pain transmission centrally to the thalamus and cortex, where it is interpreted as pain. (medscape.com)
The voluntary responses of the facial muscles (eg, smiling when taking a photograph) arise from efferent discharge from the motor face area of the cerebral cortex. (medscape.com)
The cerebrum contains grey matter and billions of unmyelinated neurons (brain cells) called the cerebral cortex. (medicinenet.com)
The cerebral cortex that is present superficially to the cerebrum is arranged in a folded manner and is only 2-4 millimeters thick. (medicinenet.com)
The folds on the cerebral cortex are called gyri, which are divided by grooves. (medicinenet.com)
The cerebral cortex folds are the reason for the distinctive look of the brain. (medicinenet.com)
Development of the Nervous System and Face that is located between the cerebral cortex Cerebral cortex The cerebral cortex is the largest and most developed part of the human brain and CNS. (lecturio.com)
Occupying the upper part of the cranial cavity, the cerebral cortex has 4 lobes and is divided into 2 hemispheres that are joined centrally by the corpus callosum. (lecturio.com)
Cerebral Cortex: Anatomy separated by the laminae of white matter White Matter The region of central nervous system that appears lighter in color than the other type, gray matter. (lecturio.com)
The thalamus is the main conductor of information that passes between the cerebral cortex Cerebral cortex The cerebral cortex is the largest and most developed part of the human brain and CNS. (lecturio.com)
Specifically, the nerves of the corona radiata bring details between the brain cells of the cerebral cortex & the brain cells in the brain stem. (healthymagazine.net)
The cerebral cortex is the location of the brain that is accountable for processing conscious info, while the brain stem is the connection in between the spinal cord & the brain. (healthymagazine.net)
The brain stem & the cerebral cortex both are required in feeling and motor function, & the corona radiata connects both motor and sensory nerve paths in between these structures. (healthymagazine.net)
The corona radiata is made up of both afferent and efferent fibers that connect the cortex and the brain stem. (healthymagazine.net)
Immunoperoxidase staining showed that L1 was abundant in developing neurons at embryonic day 18 (E18) in wild-type cerebral cortex, hippocampus, and corpus callosum and then declined to low levels with maturation. (jneurosci.org)
Multipolar: one axon and several dendrites - found in the cerebral cortex. (edignite.com)
The canonical view of how general anesthetics induce loss-of-consciousness (LOC) permitting pain-free surgery posits that anesthetic molecules, distributed throughout the CNS, suppress neural activity globally to levels at which the cerebral cortex can no longer sustain conscious experience. (researchgate.net)
Might pain be experienced in the brainstem rather than in the cerebral cortex? (researchgate.net)
It is nearly axiomatic that pain, among other examples of conscious experience, is an outcome of still-uncertain forms of neural processing that occur in the cerebral cortex, and specifically within thalamo-cortical networks. (researchgate.net)
In clinical use, the entire CNS is exposed to anesthetic molecules with LOC usually attributed to synaptic suppression in the cerebral cortex and immobility and anal. (researchgate.net)
Fifth, while understandably the vast majority of the article concerns in vivo recordings of extrinsic axonal pathways (see Table 1), there appears little mention of what happens regarding axonal delays within brain structures such as cerebral cortex. (scholarpedia.org)
In a tangential nerve cross-section of primate visual cortex, for instance, the numbers of lamellae per axon can range from 2 to 36 (Peters et al 2001 J Comp Neurol 435: 241). (scholarpedia.org)
21) A major relay station for sensory information ascending to primary sensory areas of the cerebral cortex. (easynotecards.com)
The Cerebral Cortex stores memories. (freezingblue.com)
Pain is conducted along three neuronal pathways that transmit noxious stimuli from the periphery to the cerebral cortex. (brainkart.com)
In addition, it receives input from the basal nuclei, the hypothalamus, the cerebellum, the visual and auditory systems, and most areas of the cerebral cortex. (blogspot.com)
They have reciprocal connections with the hypothalamus via the mammillothalamic fibers as well as with the limbic lobe of the cortex, particularly the cingulate gyrus. (blogspot.com)

In cross section, the spinal cord is divided into an H-shaped area of gray matter (consisting of synapsing neuronal cell bodies) and a surrounding area of white matter (consisting of ascending and descending tracts of myelinated axons). (lecturio.com)
The optic nerve axons may be damaged either directly or indirectly and the visual loss may be partial or complete. (medscape.com)
In indirect TON cases, the injury to the axons is thought to be induced by shearing forces that are transmitted to the fibers or to the vascular supply of the nerve. (medscape.com)
Finally, the intracranial segment of the optic nerve may be damaged by forces delivered to the axons by the shifting of the brain following head trauma. (medscape.com)
Structures that pass through the optic canal include the optic nerve sheath and axons, their supportive glia, the ophthalmic artery, and branches of the carotid sympathetic plexus of the autonomic nervous system. (medscape.com)
This white matter is made up of bundles of axons (both myelinated and unmyelinated) as well as glial cells. (bestbulksmsonline.com)
Gray matter is made up of neuronal cell bodies, while white matter primarily consists of myelinated axons. (technologynetworks.com)
Waxman and Bennett (1972) mainly examined Rushton's predictions of local circuit theory for myelinated axons (Rushton 1951 J Physiol 115: 101), who, surprisingly, is not cited in the article. (scholarpedia.org)
While the evidence for an approximately linear relationship between axon diameter and conduction velocity for myelinated axons is reasonably good, the empirical support for conduction velocity increasing with the square root of axon diameter for unmyelinated axons is less clear cut. (scholarpedia.org)
3) A figure illustrating the empirical relationship between axon diameter and conduction velocity for myelinated and unmyelinated axons, a key structural factor in axonal conduction delays , would aid the reader's understanding. (scholarpedia.org)
The myelin sheath is where the nerve axons serve as an electrical insulator that speeds up nerve impulses to muscles and other effectors. (bartleby.com)
Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a type of autoimmune disease in which the myelin sheath that covers axons and speeds up the transmission of nerve impulse in the brain is damaged or destroyed. (bartleby.com)
With minor exceptions, nociceptive fibers have finely myelinated or unmyelinated axons. (nationalacademies.org)
The most extensively studied nociceptors are the ones that have myelinated axons and respond only to intense mechanical or mechanical and thermal stimuli and the so-called polymodal nociceptors, which have unmyelinated axons and respond to mechanical, thermal, and chemical stimuli. (nationalacademies.org)

In 1987, Jenny and Saper performed an extensive study of the proximal facial nerve organizations in a primate model and found evidence that in monkeys, upper facial movement is relatively preserved in upper motor neuron injury, because these motor neurons receive relatively little direct cortical input. (medscape.com)
The nuclei contain large motor neurons and myelinated fibers of the hypoglossal nerve, innervating the intrinsic and extrinsic tongue muscles , excluding palatoglossus 1,2 which is innervated by the vagus nerve . (radiopaedia.org)
47) Cell bodies of the somatic motor neurons of the spinal nerves are located in the ventral horn of the spinal cord. (easynotecards.com)

The axon is a long fiber, branched at the end. (edignite.com)
The axon may be myelinated or non-myelinated. (edignite.com)
The myelinated nerve fibers are enveloped with Schwann cells, which form the myelin sheath around the axon. (edignite.com)
Depolarization is very rapid, so that conduction of nerve impulse along the entire length of axon occurs in fractions of the second. (edignite.com)
The anterior fissure of the axillae, it may be myelinated axon makes it is brought to the gland. (chdouglas.com)
A nerve impulse is the flow of electrical current along the Axon membrane. (freezingblue.com)
An exam- ple of a slowly adapting position detector is a Type I Iggo corpuscle, featured by a myelinated axon ter- minating at the base of a small dome-like elevation in the skin (Merkel cells). (cdc.gov)
Proximally, the outer core is penetrated by a canal which contains a single myelinated pre- terminal axon (7-11 ,um across), continuous with a long naked axon terminal deep in the center of the corpuscle. (cdc.gov)

The proposed mechanism for closing the gate is inhibition of the C-fiber nociception by impulses in activated myelinated fibers. (medscape.com)
Each part contains groups of nuclei that function as relay centers for sensory Sensory Neurons which conduct nerve impulses to the central nervous system. (lecturio.com)
When the myelin sheath is damaged, nerves cannot conduct the electrical impulses efficiently. (bartleby.com)
Which of the these Electrolytes plays an imp role in the generation of nerve impulses? (freezingblue.com)
It will interfere w/impulses frm nerves tht cause blood vessels 2 constrict. (freezingblue.com)

A number of separate nerve tracts, classed as subregions of the corpus callosum, connect different parts of the hemispheres. (wikipedia.org)
The corpus callosum forms the floor of the longitudinal fissure that separates the two cerebral hemispheres. (wikipedia.org)
The corpus callosum has four main parts - individual nerve tracts that connect different parts of the hemispheres. (wikipedia.org)
The tractogram pictured shows the nerve tracts from six segments of the corpus callosum, providing linking of the cortical regions between the cerebral hemispheres. (wikipedia.org)

The afferent input from these fibers inhibits propagation of nociception carried in the small, unmyelinated C fibers by blocking transmission along these fibers to the target or T cells located in the substantia gelatinosa (laminae 2 and 3) of the dorsal horn. (medscape.com)
The MLF is a pair of highly specialized nerve fibers that are highly myelinated and run in a craniocaudal direction just ventral to the cerebral aqueduct and the fourth ventricle in the tegmentum of the midbrain and the dorsal pons. (healthncare.info)
These nerve fibers are located in the tegmentum of the midbrain and the dorsal pons. (healthncare.info)
The dorsal root of a spinal nerve is the site for __________ neurons, whereas the ventral root is the site of __________ neurons. (brainscape.com)
Some unmyelinated afferent (C) fibers have been shown to enter the spinal cord via the ventral nerve (motor) root, accounting for obser-vations that some patients continue to feel pain even after transection of the dorsal nerve root (rhizotomy) and report pain following ventral root stimulation. (brainkart.com)
Pain fibers may ascend or descend one to three spinal cord segments in Lissauer's tract before synapsing with second-order neurons in the gray matter of the ipsilateral dorsal horn. (brainkart.com)
In contrast to the motor system, the cell bodies of the afferent sensory fibers lie outside the spinal cord, in dorsal root ganglia. (msdmanuals.com)
Nerve fibers outside the spinal cord join to form anterior (ventral) motor nerve roots and posterior (dorsal) sensory nerve roots. (msdmanuals.com)
The ventral and dorsal roots combine to form a spinal nerve. (msdmanuals.com)

Tyrosine, pons they were exhibited at this, the spinal accessory nerve of muscle fibers. (chdouglas.com)

It spans part of the longitudinal fissure, connecting the left and right cerebral hemispheres, enabling communication between them. (wikipedia.org)
Nervous System: Histology responses via interconnections with the basal ganglia Basal Ganglia Basal ganglia are a group of subcortical nuclear agglomerations involved in movement, and are located deep to the cerebral hemispheres. (lecturio.com)
The hypoglossal nucleus receives corticonuclear fibers , from the precentral gyrus and adjoining areas from both the ipsilateral and contralateral cerebral hemispheres, however primarily from the latter 1 . (radiopaedia.org)

Discharges from the facial motor area are carried through fascicles of the corticobulbar tract to the internal capsule, then through the upper midbrain to the lower brainstem, where they synapse in the pontine facial nerve nucleus. (medscape.com)
A group of crossed fibers with ascending and descending fibers is known as the medial longitudinal fasciculus and is located in the brainstem. (healthncare.info)
Plaques may be found in different areas of the brain, which include: optic nerves, spinal cord, cerebellum, brainstem, and cerebral area of the brain. (bartleby.com)
The reticular formation is a group of fibers that carry stimulation related to sleep and arousal through the brainstem. (flashnews.net)
The proximal axonal processes of the first-order neurons in these ganglia reach the brainstem nuclei via their respective cranial nerves, where they synapse with second-order neurons in brainstem nuclei. (brainkart.com)

Additionally, the medial longitudinal fasciculus is responsible for transporting fibers that originate in the vestibular nuclei and are destined for the oculomotor, trochlear, and interstitial nuclei of Cajal. (healthncare.info)
The hypoglossal nuclei , exist as paired nuclei within the medulla oblongata that provide motor innervation to the intrinsic and extrinsic muscles of the tongue (excluding palatoglossus) via the hypoglossal nerve . (radiopaedia.org)
All of the principal sensory paths (except the olfactory system) send fibers to the thalamic nuclei. (blogspot.com)

Autonomic and somatic neural fibers are non-myelinated. (edignite.com)
and those of the vagal nerve are located in the jugular ganglion (somatic) and the ganglion nodosum (visceral). (brainkart.com)

[ 7 ] The gate usually is closed, inhibiting constant nociceptive transmission via C fibers from the periphery to the T cell. (medscape.com)

Deeper parts of the cerebrum contain white matter, which is the collection of myelinated nerve fibers that connect different regions of the central nervous system (CNS) and spinal cord. (medicinenet.com)
46) The three basic regions of the cerebrum are the cerebral cortical gray matter, internal white matter, and the superior and inferior colliculi. (easynotecards.com)

glial cells and capillaries but few myelinated nerve fibers. (lecturio.com)
The human nervous system is estimated to consist of roughly 360 billion non-neural glial cells and 90 billion nerve cells. (comoficar.com)

The electrical stimuli on the skin preferentially activate low-threshold, myelinated nerve fibers. (medscape.com)
The myelinated nociceptors appear to encode signals related to pricking first-pain sensations produced by noxious mechanical or thermal stimuli. (nationalacademies.org)

The central cerebral fissure divides the two occipital lobes, and a membrane called tentorium cerebelli separates it from the cerebellum. (medicinenet.com)
The vestibulocochlear nerve, the eighth cranial nerve, the fastigial nucleus, and the flocculus of the cerebellum provides the input necessary for this to happen. (healthncare.info)

The facial nerve is composed of approximately 10,000 neurons, 7,000 of which are myelinated and innervate the nerves of facial expression. (medscape.com)
Myelin sheath insulates and covers the neurons intermittently, helping to speed up nerve signals. (medicinenet.com)
We also examined the neurochemical identity of 5-HT 1D -IR neurons with markers of primary afferent nociceptors, peripherin, isolectin B4, and substance P, and markers of myelinated afferents, N52 and SSEA3. (jneurosci.org)
Furthermore, the vast majority of 5-HT 1D -IR neurons are unmyelinated peptidergic afferents that distribute peripherally, including the dura, cornea, and the sciatic nerve. (jneurosci.org)

Nociceptors for pain also appear to be "free nerve" endings in skin and muscle. (cdc.gov)

It mainly consists of myelinated nerve fibers and contains few neuronal cell bodies or dendrites. (lecturio.com)
The gasserian ganglion contains the cell bodies of sensory fibers in the oph-thalmic, maxillary, and mandibular divisions of the trigeminal nerve. (brainkart.com)

Certain clinical signs are manifested in a patient when a lesion affects the heavily myelinated tracts of the MLF. (healthncare.info)

This is cell-specific death of oligodendroglia - those cells which will mature into oligodendrocytes (forming the myelin of the cerebral white matter). (bestbulksmsonline.com)
Myelin is a fatty sheath that coats nerve cells. (bartleby.com)
Myelin is rich in lipids and proteins that form layers around the nerve fibers and acts as insulation and protection. (bartleby.com)
Schwann cells form a thin cytoplasmic tube around each fiber and further wrap larger fibers in a multilayered insulating membrane (myelin sheath). (msdmanuals.com)

Stimulation of the proximal nerve elicited contractions in distal muscles. (hindawi.com)
Thin metal electrodes, inserted initially into the smaller tubes in some experiments, became embedded in the new nerve structures and when stimulated contractions of the distal muscles were observed. (hindawi.com)
A new nerve trunk forms in the tube and nerve fibers grow from the proximal to the distal nerve within a few weeks depending on the distance between the nerve ends. (hindawi.com)
To investigate the potential role of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) deletions in the observed effects of EQ, we measured total mtDNA deletion burden in the distal sciatic nerve. (nature.com)
The neural elements of somatosensory receptors in the hands and feet represent the distal extreme of long afferent fibers, and thus, are par- ticularly vulnerable in the distal axonopathies. (cdc.gov)
The term peripheral nerve refers to the part of a spinal nerve distal to the root and plexus. (msdmanuals.com)

Neurologic manifestations may be the result of virus neurotropism which can reach the central nervous system (CNS) through cranial nerves and olfactory pathways or via circulation, while damage to the peripheral nervous system (PNS) is likely the result of a parainfective autoimmune reaction ( 3 , 5 ). (spandidos-publications.com)

The Medial Longitudinal Fasciculus is a fiber tract located ventrolaterally to the oculomotor nucleus that connects the trochlear nucleus, oculomotor nucleus, and abducens nucleus. (healthncare.info)
The oculomotor, trochlear, and abducent nerves, along with the vestibulocochlear nerve, are controlled by the medial longitudinal fasciculus. (healthncare.info)
The medial longitudinal fasciculus connects the three major nerves that control eye movements, namely the oculomotor, trochlear, and abducent nerves, along with the vestibulocochlear nerve. (healthncare.info)
As afferent fibers enter the spinal cord, they segre-gate according to size, with large, myelinated fibers becoming medial, and small, unmyelinated fibers becoming lateral. (brainkart.com)

Several layers of fluid -filled connective tissue lamellae (like an onion) surround the nerve terminal. (freezingblue.com)

In some of these situations, multiplication of the proximal nerve trunk would be advantageous, like in encountering extensive traumatic brachial plexus injuries and/or when multiple targets, supplied by a single nerve, are denervated, as well as when multiple signals for prosthetic arm/hand device control are required. (hindawi.com)
Clinical opinion discourages surgical resection of nerves proximal to the original injury site for fear of resurgence of ectopia and exacerbated pain. (researchgate.net)

The 7-9 new continuous nerve structures, which were isolated as individual free nerves after removal of the tubes, were delineated by a perineurium and contained both myelinated and unmyelinated nerve fibers as well as blood vessels. (hindawi.com)
Because nerves are metabolically active tissues, they require nutrients, supplied by blood vessels called the vasa nervorum. (msdmanuals.com)

The facial nerve , or cranial nerve (CN) VII, is the nerve of facial expression. (medscape.com)
Neuroanatomy, Cranial Nerve 12 (Hypoglossal). (radiopaedia.org)
GBS is a group of autoimmune diseases with acute/subacute evolution characterized by progressive and ascending motor deficit in the limbs, often with sensory, cranial nerve involvement ( 4 , 6 ). (spandidos-publications.com)

Transected rat sciatic nerve stumps were inserted into a nine mm long silicone tube, which contained four, five mm long, smaller tubes, thus leaving a five mm gap for regenerating nerve fibers. (hindawi.com)

The former courses ventrally into the first branchial arch and terminates near a branch of the trigeminal nerve that eventually becomes the lingual nerve. (medscape.com)

Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) currently is one of the most commonly used forms of electroanalgesia. (medscape.com)
A transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) unit consists of 1 or more electrical-signal generators, a battery, and a set of electrodes. (medscape.com)
Electrical stimulation of specific small fibers (Aδ- and C-fibers) is used in basic studies on nociception and neuropathic pain and to diagnose neuropathies. (frontiersin.org)
For selective stimulation of small fibers, the optimal stimulation waveform parameters are an important aspect together with the study of electrode design. (frontiersin.org)
However, determining an optimal stimulation condition is challenging, as it requires the characterization of the response of the small fibers to electrical stimulation. (frontiersin.org)
In this study, we designed an experiment to characterize the effects of multiple pulse stimulation and proposed a computational model that considers electrostimulation of fibers and synaptic effects in a multiscale model. (frontiersin.org)
Intraepidermal electrical stimulation (IES) using a small concentric bipolar needle electrode that injects a current of a few mA to generate a focal electric field around the electrodes can selectively stimulate small fibers ( Inui and Kakigi, 2012 ). (frontiersin.org)
Different stimulation parameters (for example, duration, interstimulus interval, waveform, and electrode polarity) have been proposed to facilitate the selective stimulation of Aδ- and C-fibers. (frontiersin.org)
The first approach to characterize the stimulation of small fibers is the strength-duration relationship approach (S-D curve), which shows the threshold relationship between pulse amplitude and duration. (frontiersin.org)

The corona radiata is a crucial group of nerves because of its function in sending out and getting messages between regions in the brain.1 The nerve cells of the corona radiata are described as both afferent and efferent. (healthymagazine.net)

Three thousand of the nerve fibers are somatosensory and secretomotor and make up the nervus intermedius. (medscape.com)
The central nervous system receives somatosensory information from different receptors and peripheral nerve fibers, which are integrated by synaptic processes. (frontiersin.org)

A sample of cerebral spinal fluid in those subjects demonstrated increased levels of dynorphin A. (medscape.com)

The factor that this area is referred to as white matter is that it is heavily 'myelinated,' which means that it is secured by a special type of fatty tissue that insulates and protects nerve cells. (healthymagazine.net)

Each side of the cerebral hemisphere controls the opposite side of the body. (medicinenet.com)
55) The left cerebral hemisphere is usually dominant. (easynotecards.com)

on the alternate movements that they are the beginning to the superior constrictors of the cerebral aqueduct. (chdouglas.com)

Electrode arrays with up to 100 electrodes have been used for recordings in peripheral nerves [ 8 ]. (hindawi.com)
Peripheral nerves are bundles of nerve fibers. (msdmanuals.com)
Multiple Mononeuropathy Multiple mononeuropathies are characterized by sensory disturbances and weakness in the distribution of ≥ 2 affected peripheral nerves. (msdmanuals.com)

Such a "Matruschka" or Russian doll approach could be used for bidirectional interfacing of a nerve or as a supply for multiple denervated end organs as in traumatic brachial plexus injuries. (hindawi.com)
The trapezius muscle is innervated by nerves from which plexus? (brainscape.com)

This is in contrast to direct TON, which results from an anatomical disruption of the optic nerve fibers from penetrating orbital trauma, bone fragments within the optic canal, or nerve sheath hematomas. (medscape.com)
The tight adherence of the optic nerve's dural sheath to the periosteum within the optic canal is also thought to contribute to this segment of the nerve being extremely susceptible to the deformative stresses of the skull bones. (medscape.com)

The "tubes within a tube" technique, creating multiple new nerves from a single "mother" nerve, can be used to record multiple signals for prosthetic device control or as sources for supply of multiple denervated targets. (hindawi.com)
It is difficult to obtain a sufficient number of nerve signals to run such a complicated prosthesis. (hindawi.com)
We hypothesize that splitting of a nerve into multiple parts can offer a solution to increase the number of signals required for an advanced arm/hand prosthesis. (hindawi.com)
In the present study, we tested if smaller tubes, inserted within a larger tube, could be used to create multiple new nerves or "fascicles," thus offering the possibility to obtain multiple signals from one and the same nerve. (hindawi.com)

The gray matter of the thalamus is divided internally by a somewhat myelinated band, the internal medullary lamina, which opens into a Y at the anterior pole of the thalamus to effectively demarcate the anterior nucleus (AN) (Fig-3). (blogspot.com)

Traumatic optic neuropathy (TON) refers to an acute injury of the optic nerve secondary to trauma. (medscape.com)
An indirect injury to the optic nerve typically occurs from the transmission of forces to the optic canal from blunt head trauma. (medscape.com)
In the acute phase, the optic nerve usually appears normal on funduscopic examination, but optic nerve atrophy is often seen 3-6 weeks after the injury. (medscape.com)
A secondary mechanism can result in optic nerve swelling after the occurrence the acute injury. (medscape.com)
The optic nerve swelling can exacerbate retinal ganglion cell degeneration by further compromising the vascular blood supply, either through a rise in intraluminal pressure or reactive vasospasm. (medscape.com)
He certainly believed that vision was transmitted along the optic nerve, which he dissected to the chiasm. (emergentpublications.com)
With NANOTECNOLOGA vision in the injured optic nerve, the nerve is cauterized with photovoltaic nano downloads. (ning.com)

This study further characterized the activation of small fibers and clarified the synaptic effects, demonstrating the importance of waveform selection. (frontiersin.org)

Name denotes its lower one-third anterior border of the testes and composite nerves, chain. (chdouglas.com)

It is associated with 31 pairs of spinal nerves. (brainscape.com)
There are 16 pairs of Cranial Nerves. (freezingblue.com)

When the trochlear nerve is damaged, the superior oblique muscle on the affected side weakens, leading to internal rotation of the thigh and hyperextension of the affected leg. (healthncare.info)

Anatomy105

Organisms17

Diseases39

Chemicals and Drugs30

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment35

Psychiatry and Psychology7

Phenomena and Processes26

Disciplines and Occupations3

Technology, Industry, Agriculture2

Information Science1

Health Care2

Cortex29

Axons14

Motor neurons3

Axon8

Impulses5

Corpus callosum4

Dorsal9

Muscle fibers1

Hemispheres3

Brainstem5

Nuclei3

Somatic2

Nociceptive1

Cerebrum2

Glial cells2

Stimuli2

Cerebellum2

Neurons4

Nociceptors1

Cell bodies2

Tracts1

Myelin4

Distal6

Olfactory1

Medial4

Connective tissue1

Proximal2

Blood vessels2

Cranial nerve3

Sciatic nerve1

Trigeminal nerve1

Stimulation9

Efferent1

Somatosensory2

Spinal fluid1

Heavily1

Hemisphere2

Aqueduct1

Peripheral nerves3

Plexus2

Sheath2

Signals4

Thalamus1

Optic nerve7

Synaptic1

Anterior1

Pairs2

Trochlear nerve1