Cellular receptors antigen t cell. Medical search. Frequent questions

One way to achieve this is to genetically modify immune cells, mainly T cells and recently also natural killer (NK) cells, to express chimeric antigen receptors (CARs). (nature.com)
Another approach relies upon the use of chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) that directly target cancer cells or immunosuppressive cellular elements in the tumor microenvironment. (upenn.edu)
Furthermore, similar to T cells, specific recognition and elimination of cancer cells by NK cells can be markedly enhanced through expression of chimeric antigen receptors (CARs), which provides an opportunity to generate NK-cell therapeutics of defined specificity for cancer immunotherapy. (frontiersin.org)
LambdaGen will produce iPSC lines engineered with chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) and other effectors that enhance the anti-tumour activity of immune cells. (ddw-online.com)
In this process, T cells are collected from patients via leukapheresis and then re-engineered to express chimeric antigen receptors. (medscape.com)

As an emerging cancer immunotherapy, oncolytic virotherapies (OVTs) can not only selectively lyse cancer cells, but also induce a systemic antitumor immune response. (frontiersin.org)
In recent years, tumor immunotherapy has achieved significant success in various cancers and has been one of the hotspots in the life sciences, especially immune checkpoint inhibitors and adoptive cellular therapy [ 3 ]. (hindawi.com)
Failed T cell-based immunotherapies in the presence of genomic alterations in antigen presentations pathways may be overcome by NK cell-based immunotherapy. (elifesciences.org)
T cell-based immunotherapy, such as immune checkpoint blockade or adoptive T cell transfer, is limited by the ability of T cells to detect major histocompatibility complex (MHC)-presented antigen by tumor cells. (elifesciences.org)
Natural killer (NK) cell-based immunotherapy may overcome genetic mechanisms of resistance to T cell-based immunotherapy through antigen- and MHC-independent recognition of malignant cells. (elifesciences.org)
Thus, addressing the presence of immunosuppressive myeloid cell populations in the periphery and tumor microenvironment of patients with cancer is likely to be required for effective NK cell-based immunotherapy. (elifesciences.org)
New model systems are being developed to test and optimize various immunotherapy strategies, including bispecific antibodies, checkpoint inhibitors, epigenetic modifiers and adoptive T cell transfer both in vitro and in vivo. (upenn.edu)
Continuous renal replacement therapy in cytokine release syndrome following immunotherapy or cellular therapies? (bmj.com)
Novel understanding in the interaction between immune system and cancer cells of the patient holds great promise for immunotherapy development [ 4 - 6 ]. (hindawi.com)
It is noted that T cell has great potential for immunotherapy of hematological malignancies. (hindawi.com)
While many of the Cancer Institute's patients are able to receive the most advanced therapies for their diagnosis close to home, people who needed hematopoietic cell transplant or cellular immunotherapy have always needed to travel outside of the Lehigh Valley for these treatments. (lvhn.org)
Nevertheless, ex vivo activation with cytokines can restore cytolytic activity of NK cells against GB, indicating that NK cells have potential for adoptive immunotherapy of GB if potent cytotoxicity can be maintained in vivo . (frontiersin.org)
We then outline preclinical approaches that employ CAR-NK cells for GB immunotherapy, and give an overview on the ongoing clinical development of ErbB2 (HER2)-specific CAR-NK cells currently applied in a phase I clinical trial in glioblastoma patients. (frontiersin.org)
Several types of ACT round out the immunotherapy arsenal, including chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy, T-cell receptor (TCR) therapy, and tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte (TIL) therapy. (aacr.org)
Plasticell will use its combinatorial screening technology, CombiCult, to develop optimal protocols to convert these iPSCs into natural killer (NK) cells for allogeneic cancer immunotherapy. (ddw-online.com)
Cellular immunotherapy using CAR-T cells has revolutionised cancer treatment but these personalised medicines have significant manufacturing constraints and are prohibitively costly. (ddw-online.com)
There is a need for alternative 'off-the-shelf' immunotherapy products, which can be met by engineered NK cells capable of functioning in an allogeneic setting," commented Dr Marina Tarunina, Research Director of Plasticell. (ddw-online.com)
The cellular immunotherapy sector is currently dominated by CAR-T therapies, with over 2100 products in development. (ddw-online.com)
New research in clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) technology suggests that base-edited T cells could be useful in patients with relapsed leukemia and could help anticipate the risks of immunotherapy -related complications. (ajmc.com)
For these patients, cellular immunotherapy could help achieve deep leukemic clearance, although chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell strategies against T-cell cancers have been difficult. (ajmc.com)
We propose to develop an innovative adaptive cellular immunotherapy (ACIT) utilizing Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR)-engineered T cells, which respond to both CD19+ cells and cytomegalovirus (CMV) antigen, namely CMV-CD19 bi-specific T cells, followed by CMV vaccine to further expand the T cells in vivo. (lls.org)

It results in the highly diverse repertoire of antibodies/immunoglobulins and T cell receptors (TCRs) found in B cells and T cells, respectively. (wikipedia.org)
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are antibodies that target crucial signaling pathways, such as programmed death 1 (PD-1)/programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1), and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA-4), to improve the activation of T cells and enhance the immune response to cancer cells. (hindawi.com)
Other current efforts include the exploration of immunomodulation to potentiate endogenous antitumor T cell responses, use of bispecific antibodies, pharmacological sensitization of tumor cells to immune attack, tumor vasculature targeting, preclinical validations, clinical translation and trial support. (upenn.edu)
CRS generally occurs with therapies that lead to highly activated T cells, like chimeric antigen receptor T cells or in the case of bispecific T-cell engaging antibodies. (bmj.com)
Our major goal is to understand the interaction and neutralization of foreign antigens by the immune system through high-resolution x-ray structural studies of antibodies, Variable Lymphocyte Rectors (VLRs) and antigens in the humoral system, T-cell receptor complexes with MHC class I and class II in the cellular system, and through pattern recognition receptors, such as TLRs, in the innate immune system. (scripps.edu)
While many successful immunotherapeutic regimens have relied on checkpoint inhibition, other immunotherapeutic approaches, such as adoptive cellular therapies (ACT), the use of bispecific antibodies, and targeting components of the tumor microenvironment, are showing promise in a variety of cancer types. (aacr.org)
A number of important cells, including toll-like receptors, mast cells, anti-citrullinated protein antibodies, complement and interferon, all play their own role in this process. (the-rheumatologist.org)
The use of gold nanoparticles to improve the valency of antibodies towards antigen receptors expressed on the surface of malignant cells is also presented. (bham.ac.uk)
The authors described seroconversion of antinuclear antibodies in two patients with the longest follow-up, "indicating that abrogation of autoimmune B-cell clones may lead to a more widespread correction of autoimmunity," the researchers write. (medscape.com)
Antibodies recognize specific configurations (epitopes, or antigenic determinants) on the surfaces of antigens (eg, proteins, polysaccharides, nucleic acids). (msdmanuals.com)
Antibodies and antigens fit tightly together because their shape and other surface properties (eg, charge) are complementary. (msdmanuals.com)
His research is aimed at understanding the cellular immune mechanisms responsible for the generation of IgG antibodies that recognize platelet antigens. (lu.se)
Even after a person's antibodies wane, their immune system may have cells that remember the virus and that can act quickly to protect the person from severe illness if they become infected. (cdc.gov)
RDB AUC: area under the curve of receptor-binding domain antibodies, a quantitative measure of binding antibodies. (cdc.gov)

Normally, potentially malignant cells are continuously eliminated by the immune system, but cancer cells can accumulate certain mutations, which allow them to escape these mechanisms [ 2 ]. (nature.com)
Cancer immunotherapies aim to support or boost the patient's immune system to enable the effective clearance of cancer cells. (nature.com)
In addition, the isolation and storage of umbilical cord blood hematopoietic stem cells have been used to rebuild the immune system for the treatment of hematological malignancies and might be promising for the dynamic equilibrium expansion of functional T cells [ 12 ]. (hindawi.com)
Studies on other pattern recognition receptors, include peptidoglycan recognition protein (PGRP), TREM-1, Toll-like receptors (TLR) have revealed how unique pathogen-associated molecules are recognized by the immune system. (scripps.edu)
The immune system can distinguish between self and nonself peptides and selectively kills cells that due to a viral infection present non-self peptides at their surface. (mytum.de)
In autoimmune diseases this mechanism is deregulated and the immune system also eliminates uninfected cells by mistake. (mytum.de)
MHC-I molecules carry the peptides generated by proteasomes, the so-called antigens, to the cellular surface and present them to the immune system. (mytum.de)
This treatment utilizes a patient's own immune system to recognize and attack cancer cells. (aacr.org)
CAR-T stands for chimeric antigen receptor, which is induced in the T cell of the immune system. (uclahealth.org)
This trial will use blood stem cells obtained from the placenta to generate natural killer (NK) cells, a type of white blood cell that is a vital part of the immune system, and administer them to patients with COVID-19. (ca.gov)
CD8+ T cells are one component of the immune system that identify and kill cells infected by microbial pathogens. (newswise.com)
When an infection has been conquered, the immune system leaves behind long-lasting cells called memory T cells, which reside in tissues or circulate through the body remembering past pathogens, ever ready to sound the alarm should specific invaders reappear. (newswise.com)
Then, the immune system reboots, and now it's working, whereas before it was messed up," said Carl June, MD , who directs the Center for Cellular Immunotherapies at the at the University of Pennsylvania's Perelman School of Medicine. (medscape.com)
After the process of deciduous root resorption, dentin proteins that have not been yet been presented to the immune system become sequestered antigens that can induce autoimmune responses and play a role in etiopathogenesis of dental resorption. (bvsalud.org)
Overview of the Immune System The immune system distinguishes self from nonself and eliminates potentially harmful nonself molecules and cells from the body. (msdmanuals.com)
Cellular Components of the Immune System The immune system consists of cellular components and molecular components that work together to destroy antigens. (msdmanuals.com)

Adoptive cellular therapy transmits the sensitized T cells to patients with low cellular immune function, which helps patients obtain antitumor immunity. (hindawi.com)
Adoptive cellular therapy, especially chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy, has gained unprecedented success among hematologic tumors [ 11 ]. (hindawi.com)
Adoptive cell therapy (ACT) with chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR-T) cells can restore the activity of exhausted T cell through reprogramming and is widely used in the treatment of relapsed/refractory (r/r) hematological malignancies. (hindawi.com)
July 20, 2021 -- Cellular reprogramming of ex vivo cells may offer improvements on first-generation adoptive cell therapies, which have experienced limited clinical success due to complex manufacturing, potential patient rejection, and availability of clinical cell types. (scienceboard.net)
Lessons learned from the study of NK cell memory could help with the design of better expansion protocols for adoptive NK cell therapy, for the manufacturing of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-engineered NK cells and for improving NK cell-based therapies that rely on antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC). (nature.com)

NK cells contribute to cancer immune surveillance not only by their direct natural cytotoxicity which is triggered rapidly upon stimulation through germline-encoded cell surface receptors, but also by modulating T-cell mediated antitumor immune responses through maintaining the quality of dendritic cells and enhancing the presentation of tumor antigens. (frontiersin.org)
Dendritic cells (DCs) play a crucial role in initiating and shaping immune responses. (nih.gov)
plasmacytoid dendritic cells. (nih.gov)
Ambient particulate matter activates the aryl hydrocarbon receptor in dendritic cells and enhances Th17 polarization. (cdc.gov)
The objective of this study was to explore the role of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) in ambient particulate matter (PM)-mediated activation of dendritic cells (DCs) and Th17-immune responses in vitro. (cdc.gov)
Here we demonstrate that stimulation of mouse CD4(+) T cells by immature allogeneic dendritic cells combined with pharmacological inhibition of phosphodiesterase 3 (PDE) resulted in a functional enrichment of Foxp3(+) T cells. (lu.se)
The histiocytoses encompass a group of diverse disorders characterized by the accumulation and infiltration of variable numbers of monocytes, macrophages, and dendritic cells in the affected tissues. (medscape.com)
Pluripotent stem cells can also be committed to produce dendritic cells. (medscape.com)
The importance of dendritic cells in presenting antigens to T and B lymphocytes is increasingly recognized. (medscape.com)
Dendritic cells appear to develop in several pathways. (medscape.com)
[ 11 ] Immature dendritic cells respond to GM-CSF (not to macrophage colony-stimulating factor [M-CSF]) and become committed to generating dendritic cells, which are "professional" antigen-presenting cells (APCs). (medscape.com)
[ 13 ] Dendritic cells are also efficient stimulators of B-cell lymphocytes. (medscape.com)
Effective induction of antigen-specific T-cell responses requires interaction between the dendritic cells and T lymphocytes to prime the latter cells for expansion and subsequent immune responses. (medscape.com)
Dendritic cells display a large amount of MHC-peptide complexes at their surface and can increase the expression of costimulatory receptors and migrate to the lymph nodes, spleen, and other lymphoid tissues, where they activate specific T cells. (medscape.com)
Costimulatory interaction (i.e., second signal) is between CD80(B7.1)/CD86(B7.2) on the dendritic cell, and CD28 on the T cells. (medscape.com)

This process involves a functional antigen receptor (B-cell receptor or T-cell receptor) and a dozen of intermediators, including adaptor proteins and kinases that form a network of signaling pathways inside the cells. (stanford.edu)
Over 250 crystal structures of monoclonal Fab fragments and complexes with a variety of antigens, such as peptides, steroids, cocaine, and proteins, including HIV-1, gp120 and gp41, have led to significant insights into antibody-antigen recognition, virus neutralization, and vaccine design for HIV-1. (scripps.edu)
The usage of the diffusion coefficient to quantify mobility of single particles/proteins on the cell surface is based on the assumption of Brownian motion. (igert.org)
SPT of labeled proteins on the surface of cells has developed immensely in the last 20 years. (igert.org)
Like a shredder, the immunoproteasome cuts down proteins into peptides that are subsequently presented on the cellular surface. (mytum.de)
Hence, proteasomes regulate essential cell functions, such as cell survival, growth and division as well as removal of defective proteins. (mytum.de)
Their team found that in effector T cells, this process is blocked by histone proteins that intertwine with DNA to form chromatin. (newswise.com)
At each maturation stage, expression of proteins affects the commitment to move to the next stage and cellular functions, such as rearrangement and expression of Ig genes. (lu.se)
Defects in genes and proteins important for B cell maturation cause primary immunodeficiencies (see IDbase ). (lu.se)
[ 15 ] The surface of the APC contains 2 peptide-binding proteins (ie, major histocompatability complex [MHC] classes I and II), which can stimulate cytotoxic T (T C ) cells, regulatory T (Treg) cells, and helper T (T H ) cells. (medscape.com)
The ALK gene provides instructions for making a protein called ALK receptor tyrosine kinase, which is part of a family of proteins called receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs). (medlineplus.gov)

Most CAR-T cell-based gene therapy products that are under clinical evaluation consist of autologous enriched T cells, whereas CAR-NK cell-based approaches can be generated from allogeneic donors. (nature.com)
An autologous CAR-T or NK cell therapy comprises several steps as shown in Fig. 1 . (nature.com)
Areas of particular interest include aggressive B-cell lymphomas, autologous stem cell transplantation and cellular therapy including chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cells. (rochester.edu)
To date, over 10 advanced cell therapy products have been approved -- the majority of which are T-cell-based and strictly autologous. (scienceboard.net)
First-generation ex vivo cell therapies, such as autologous anti-CD19 CAR T cells, demonstrated the clinical value and curative potential of enhancing the therapeutic qualities of immune and other patient-derived cell types. (scienceboard.net)
As a result, developmental trends have shifted toward an allogeneic approach, seeking to replace autologous cell sources with consistent and scalable alternatives, such as iPSCs. (scienceboard.net)
To assess the potential role of the AhR in PM-mediated activation of DCs, co-stimulation, and cytokine expression, bone marrow (BM)-derived macrophages and DCs from C57BL/6 wildtype or AhR knockout (AhR-/-) mice were treated with PM. Th17 differentiation was assessed via co-cultures of wildtype or AhR-/- BMDCs with autologous naive T cells. (cdc.gov)
These cells inhibited T cell proliferation in a standard in vitro mixed lymphocyte assay and, moreover, attenuated the development of vasculopathy mediated by autologous peripheral blood mononuclear cells in a functionally relevant humanized mouse transplant model. (lu.se)

Antibody responses were measured against five SARS-CoV-2 antigens, including the spike protein , receptor binding domain (RBD), subunits S1 and S1, and the nucleocapsid protein. (news-medical.net)
Antibody responses against four other coronaviruses and three non-coronavirus control antigens were also measured. (news-medical.net)
The most active T cell endogenous inhibitory pathway is the immunoglobulin superfamily such as CD28/cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen-4 (CTLA-4): B7-1/B7-2 receptor/ligand grouping, which plays a central role in coordinating immune responses [ 7 , 8 ]. (hindawi.com)
Various biological processes including immunoreaction of infection, tumor prevention, and human aging could cause telomere damage, tumor-related stress responses, and T regulatory (Treg) cells activation, which even trigger T cell senescence showing the distinctive phenotypic and functional alternation [ 9 , 10 ]. (hindawi.com)
neoantigens that elicit T-cell responses are identified as immunogenic. (aacr.org)
Mast cells specifically enhance Th17 responses. (the-rheumatologist.org)
The detection sensitivity offered by the luminescent signal, along with the improved delivery provided by the gold scaffold, offer opportunities for monitoring biological responses upon selectively targeting cancer cells in in vivo models. (bham.ac.uk)

Dr. Gustafson and his team are focused on developing and translating cell- and immune-based therapies for the treatment of cancer, autoimmunity and other diseases into clinical trials. (mayo.edu)
Biomarker development to support cellular therapies. (mayo.edu)
The development of novel cell therapies requires a good understanding of the attributes of cell therapy products. (mayo.edu)
Furthermore, he and his team are focused on the discovery of biomarkers that provide information on patient response, both positive and negative, to guide the optimal therapeutic use of cell therapies in a given patient population. (mayo.edu)
Finally, Dr. Gustafson and his lab foster critical collaborations with researchers and clinicians to bring novel cellular therapies to patients. (mayo.edu)
Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cell therapies are on the verge of becoming powerful immunotherapeutic tools for combating hematological diseases confronted with pressing medical needs. (nature.com)
Lately, CAR-NK cell therapies have also come into focus as novel therapeutic options to address hurdles related to CAR-T cell therapies, such as therapy-induced side effects. (nature.com)
In this review, we are going to take a closer look at the commercial CAR-T cell therapies, as well as on CAR-T and CAR-NK cell products, which are currently under evaluation in clinical trials, that are being conducted in Germany. (nature.com)
However in the last years, immunotherapies using immune-checkpoint inhibitors (ICI), as well as cellular therapies, have moved into the limelight as promising alternative treatments. (nature.com)
This serves as a guidepost for rationally designing new combination checkpoint therapies, downstream T cell receptor (TCR) isolation, cancer antigen identification and molecular characterization of naturally occurring tumor-reactive T cells in human cancer. (upenn.edu)
However, despite the success of checkpoint inhibitors and the advent of cellular therapies, novel strategies need to be explored to (1) improve treatment in patients where these approaches fail and (2) make such treatments widely and financially accessible. (mdpi.com)
It is an honor to bring stem cell transplantation and cellular therapies to adults in the Lehigh Valley and its surrounding communities," Dr. Toor says. (lvhn.org)
He also has expertise with cellular therapies for hematologic malignancies, specifically chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy. (lvhn.org)
He is also heavily involved in researching novel cellular therapies that could lead to better outcomes and quality of life for patients in the near future, and his work in this area will be a major asset to our program. (lvhn.org)
The clinical success of anti-CD19 CAR T-cell therapies has not only provided efficacious treatment alternatives for cancer patients but also aided the developmental and regulatory precedent for the translation of cell-based therapies for other disease areas. (scienceboard.net)
Developing next-generation cell therapies centers around the enhancement of efficacy, safety, and accessibility. (scienceboard.net)
Prior to the invention of CAR, cell therapies were largely limited to allogeneic hematological transfusion and transplantation. (scienceboard.net)
Currently, 'armoured' cell therapies comprise approximately 10% of assets in development. (ddw-online.com)
Lack of persistence is one major reason cellular therapies that involve harvesting, expanding, and in some instances, genetically modifying, a patient's T cells before returning them to attack cancer fail, Yee says. (newswise.com)
Producing more central memory T cells in vitro can address this persistence challenge and increase the effectiveness of cellular therapies," Yee notes. (newswise.com)
Present cellular therapies include chimeric antigen receptor T cells - genetically modified to attack a specific target and used to treat B cell blood cancers - and tumor-infiltrating leukocytes harvested from tumors used to treat melanoma. (newswise.com)
Cellular therapies produce mainly effector CD8-positive T cells that are fully differentiated to attack cells bearing specific antigens. (newswise.com)
Are Cellular Therapies the Future of Autoimmune Disease? (medscape.com)
But this is only the tip of the iceberg regarding cellular therapies for autoimmune disease, said Max Konig, MD, PhD , an assistant professor of medicine in the division of rheumatology at Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine in Baltimore. (medscape.com)
B-cell targeted therapies have been around since the early 2000s with drugs like rituximab , a monoclonal antibody medication that targets CD20, an antigen expressed on the surface of B cells. (medscape.com)
Both are effective at depleting B cells in blood, but these engineered CD19-targeted T cells can reach B cells sitting in tissues in a way that antibody therapies cannot, Konig explained. (medscape.com)
June and his research team led the development of CAR T-cell therapies for blood cancers. (medscape.com)

Here, we demonstrate that NK cells (haNKs) engineered to express a PD-L1 chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) haNKs killed a panel of human and murine head and neck cancer cells at low effector-to-target ratios in a PD-L1-dependent fashion. (elifesciences.org)
Removing senescent T cells from the physiological cycle to maintain the homeostasis of memory and effector T cells is the way of replacement. (hindawi.com)
Second, NK cells can remember inflammatory cytokine milieus that imprint long-lasting non-antigen-specific NK cell effector function. (nature.com)
The combination of panobinostat and interleukin-21 converts the less vigorously expanding effector T cells that attack cancer cells to a more proliferative and enduring central memory T cell type capable of self-renewal, the team found. (newswise.com)
Yee, first author Junmei Wang, Ph.D., instructor in Melanoma Medical Oncology, and colleagues showed that the combination therapy re-programs these effector T cells into central memory cells. (newswise.com)
Without further manipulation or selection, the resultant population delayed skin allograft rejection mediated by polyclonal CD4(+) effectors or donor-reactive CD8(+) T cell receptor transgenic T cells and inhibited both effector cell proliferation and T cell priming for interferon-γ production. (lu.se)
The first signal may involve interaction between an MHC I-bound and/or MHC II-bound peptide on an APC with the T-cell receptor (TCRs) on the effector lymphocytes. (medscape.com)

Human antibody molecules (including B cell receptors) are composed of heavy and light chains, each of which contains both constant (C) and variable (V) regions, genetically encoded on three loci: The immunoglobulin heavy locus (IGH@) on chromosome 14, containing the gene segments for the immunoglobulin heavy chain. (wikipedia.org)
The addition of separate adapter molecules (AMs) specific for tumor antigens and CAR-immune cells targeting these AMs allows a more precise and temporally limited therapy. (nature.com)
Many other key molecules in cellular immunology are being studied, such as non-classical or MHC homologues: for example, CD1 binds lipid, glycolipid, and lipopeptide antigens from the cell walls of microbial pathogens and the NK family of receptors recognizes classical as well as distant MHC homologues. (scripps.edu)
Fully activated immunostimulatory DCs express high levels of costimulatory molecules, produce pro-inflammatory cytokines, and stimulate T cell proliferation, whereas tolerogenic DCs express low levels of costimulatory molecules, produce immunomodulatory cytokines and impair T cell proliferation. (nih.gov)
One of these T RM cell subtypes was distinguished by high levels of the transcription factor Eomesodermin and programmed to produce large amounts of cytokines and other molecules to kill newly detected infected cells. (newswise.com)

He has published extensively on the immunobiology and application of hematopoietic cell transplantation, with nearly 200 scientific abstracts and peer-reviewed publications over the span of his career. (lvhn.org)
We aim to address the unmet need to improve high relapse rate in patients with ALL undergoing hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) from a matched or mismatched unrelated/related donors. (lls.org)
Disease relapse is the most frequent cause of treatment failure and mortality after hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) in patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). (lls.org)
Outcomes and Management of SARS-CoV2 Omicron Variant in Recipients of Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation (HCT) and Chimeric Antigen Receptor T cell (CART) therapy. (cdc.gov)

Gastric cancer (GC) is a common malignant tumor originating from gastric mucosa epithelial cells, and its onset is relatively insidious. (frontiersin.org)
CAR-modified immune cells are expanded until sufficient cell numbers are attained and are adoptively transferred into the patient to fight malignant cells. (nature.com)
Blinatumomab is a bispecific T-cell engager (BiTE) targeting CD19 on malignant B cells and CD3 on normal host T cells. (hindawi.com)
When someone has mycosis fungoides, malignant cells in the blood travel to the skin, causing lesions that appear as an itchy rash. (stanford.edu)
By infusing these CAR T cells back into the patient, the engineered cells seek out and eliminate malignant cells. (lls.org)

One way to bring the powerful cellular immunity and antibody directed targeting together is to construct the chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cells. (stanford.edu)
The basic concepts derived from studying NK cell memory provide new insights about innate immunity and could lead to novel strategies to improve treatments for infectious diseases and cancer. (nature.com)
Research Objective We expect to generate iPSC derived NK cells expressing a CAR against SARS-cov2 that could be used as an off-the-shelf therapy for COVID-19 Impact The proposed studies will provide a novel therapeutic approach to boost the cellular immunity against SARS-cov2, especially for high risk populations. (ca.gov)
Mast cells are located in host peripheral tissues, and they can indirectly cause innate and adaptive immunity. (the-rheumatologist.org)
Age-associated B cells predict impaired humoral immunity after COVID-19 vaccination in patients receiving immune checkpoint blockade. (cdc.gov)

V(D)J recombination is the mechanism of somatic recombination that occurs only in developing lymphocytes during the early stages of T and B cell maturation. (wikipedia.org)
Coupled with well-established in vitro culture and expansion protocols for T lymphocytes, CAR enabled the antigen-directed cytotoxicity of T cells to be harnessed, expanding the scope of cell therapy. (scienceboard.net)
In ITP, for example, his laboratory is interested in how platelet antigens are processed and presented by antigen-presenting cells to activate T lymphocytes. (lu.se)

Important biological events associated with plasma membranes, such as signal transduction, cell adhesion, and protein trafficking, are mediated through the membrane microdomains. (mdpi.com)
I also directed the Joint Center for Structural Genomics (2000-2016) that pioneers new high throughput methodologies and technologies for protein production, structure determination and functional analysis in order to investigate the Expanding Protein Universe and the human gut microbiome and other high-value targets in the regulation of stem cells and T cells. (scripps.edu)
SPT of QD-IgE on live cells combined with the quantification of receptor mobility using the maximum likelihood estimator for diffusion will provide significant insights into membrane protein dynamics. (igert.org)
Can mast cells be activated by anti-citrullinated protein antibody (ACPA) immune complexes? (the-rheumatologist.org)
In addition, mast cells often co-localize with CD4 and T cells, and they can also process and present protein antigens. (the-rheumatologist.org)
Their research confirmed that IL-21 activates STAT3, a protein that then connects with the promoter region of the gene encoding the T cell stimulatory protein CD28, firing up CD28. (newswise.com)
Two-dimensional differential gel electrophoresis (2D-DIGE) and mass spectrometry (MS) based quantitative proteomics were used to study differential protein abundance in various B cell types during B cell maturation. (lu.se)
Differential protein expression was studied in eight human cell lines representing various maturation stages from early pre-B cell until terminally differentiated plasma cell (see Supplementary Table 1 ). (lu.se)
The Stnd is a pooled protein sample prepared by combining protein extracts from the different B cell lines included in the experiment. (lu.se)
2063 protein spots across the eight cell lines were clustered on the basis of the relative average protein abundance (see Supplementary Figure 1 ). (lu.se)
The activated kinase is able to transfer a phosphate group to another protein inside the cell, which is activated as a result. (medlineplus.gov)
Mutations in the ALK gene change single protein building blocks (amino acids) in ALK receptor tyrosine kinase. (medlineplus.gov)

The T cell receptor genes are similar to immunoglobulin genes in that they too contain multiple V, D, and J gene segments in their beta chains (and V and J gene segments in their alpha chains) that are rearranged during the development of the lymphocyte to provide that cell with a unique antigen receptor. (wikipedia.org)
Besides modification based on a second-generation CAR, more advanced CAR-immune cell therapeutics are being tested, which utilize precise insertion of genes to circumvent graft-versus-host disease (GvHD) or employ a dual targeting approach and adapter CARs in order to avoid therapy resistance caused by antigen loss. (nature.com)
Subsequently, cells are transduced with CAR-encoding genes using (mostly) viral vectors. (nature.com)
Harshyaa Makhija, CEO of LambdaGen, added: "We intend to engineer immune cells with multiple genes that increase tumour specificity, persistence, homing, and resistance to the tumour microenvironment, with a view to creating next-generation therapeutic products. (ddw-online.com)
The investigators then used base editing to inactivate 3 genes encoding CD52 and CD7 receptors and the b chain of the ab T-cell receptor to evade lymphodepleting serotherapy, CAR7 T-cell fratricide, and graft-versus-host disease, respectively. (ajmc.com)
To further confirm the central memory properties of treated cells, the team assessed expression of genes involved in differentiating T cells and found expression of central-memory differentiating genes to be highly expressed on the identified central memory cells generated by the combination. (newswise.com)
Genes to cells : devoted to molecular & cellular mechanisms 2023 0 0. (cdc.gov)
Neuroblastoma and other cancers occur when a buildup of genetic mutations in critical genes-those that control cell proliferation or differentiation-allows cells to grow and divide uncontrollably to form a tumor. (medlineplus.gov)

Fc[epsilon]RI , the high affinity IgE receptor, is the primary receptor on mast cells. (igert.org)
Thus, the immunoproteasome generates more likely peptides that display high affinity for MHC-I receptors. (mytum.de)
CD4 also serves as the high-affinity receptor for cellular attachment and entry of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). (rcsb.org)

Cytokine-induced memory NK cells can be generated by exposure to inflammatory cytokines even in the absence of a defined antigen. (nature.com)

Mast cells express many pattern recognition receptors," said Dr. Toes. (the-rheumatologist.org)

Michael P. Gustafson, Ph.D., is the scientific director of the Nyberg Human Cellular Therapy Laboratory at Mayo Clinic's Arizona campus. (mayo.edu)
Dr. Gustafson and his team are focused on identifying and characterizing identity, purity, potency and persistence of biomarkers that are critical to supporting the manufacturing of cell therapy products. (mayo.edu)
The intersection of Dr. Gustafson's interests in cellular therapy, human immunology and biomarker development all contribute to the goal of optimizing biomanufacturing processes to increase the efficacy of cell therapy products used in investigational new drug trials. (mayo.edu)
Thereby, several antigens can be targeted at once and the therapy can be adapted in case antigen-loss tumor variants appear. (nature.com)
haNKs represent an 'off the shelf' NK cellular therapy available for pre-clinical and clinical study. (elifesciences.org)
Building on interrogations in basic T cell biology in the lab, bench-to-bedside translational immunology is being developed, with a focus on T cell-based therapy for ovarian cancer. (upenn.edu)
Welcome to the Blood and Marrow Transplantation & Cellular Therapy Division. (stanford.edu)
We are a nationally recognized center of excellence, fully accredited by the Foundation for the Accreditation of Cellular Therapy (FACT) and a proud member of the Blood and Marrow Transplant Clinical Trials Network of the National Cancer Institute. (stanford.edu)
Since 2007, the program has trained more than 45 physicians with majority of our graduates now working in the field of transplantation and cellular therapy throughout the country. (stanford.edu)
Ensure you have read ' Implementing chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy in practice ' before attempting to complete the module. (pharmaceutical-journal.com)
How does a CAR-T cell therapy exert its action? (pharmaceutical-journal.com)
Doctors, pharmacists and nurses are involved in providing clinical CAR-T cell therapy to patients. (pharmaceutical-journal.com)
Why is storage and handling of a CAR-T cell therapy best undertaken by stem cell laboratory staff? (pharmaceutical-journal.com)
Of note, CD19, CD20, CD30, CD33, CD123, and CD269 as ideal targets have shown extraordinary potential for CAR-T cell therapy and other targets such as CD23 and SLAMF7 have brought promising future for clinical trials. (hindawi.com)
Moreover, we will review the disadvantages of CAR-T cell therapy and propose several comprehensive recommendations which might guide its development. (hindawi.com)
That changes this year with the development of Lehigh Valley Topper Cancer Institute's Stem Cell Transplant and Cellular Therapy Program. (lvhn.org)
The Cancer Institute's membership in the Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Alliance will also connect the new program to additional stem cell transplant and cellular therapy education and resources. (lvhn.org)
Dr. Toor and Dr. Nair hope to launch the Stem Cell Transplant and Cellular Therapy Program in fall 2023. (lvhn.org)
The benefits of an allogeneic "off-the-shelf" cell therapy approach are clear: batch-producing cells derived from an unrelated donor or universal cell source that can be used to treat many patients. (scienceboard.net)
Welcome to the Stem Cell Transplant and Cellular Therapy Program at BMC. (bmc.org)
Stem cell transplants and cellular therapy can help treat - and even cure - certain types of cancer, such as leukemia. (bmc.org)
Experts in our Stem Cell Transplant and Cellular Therapy Program work closely with other cancer programs to help ensure everyone can get the care they need. (bmc.org)
BMC offers chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy, an innovative cancer treatment, to all patients who qualify for this new and powerful therapy. (bmc.org)
It is possible that NK cell memory activity could be exploited for cancer therapy. (nature.com)
Figure 3: Potential applications of memory NK cells for tumour therapy. (nature.com)
Unlike CAR T-cell therapy or TCR therapy, which modifies T cells taken from the blood, TIL therapy utilizes T cells that have infiltrated the tumor stroma, which requires a tumor biopsy. (aacr.org)
Rosenberg is beginning to develop a library of TCRs that can recognize shared mutations in the hope of utilizing them for TCR T-cell therapy for patients across a variety of tumor types, especially those with common epithelial cancers. (aacr.org)
The fields of molecular medicine, cellular therapy and gene delivery have recently advanced to produce the first self-directed immune cell attack for cancer therapy. (uclahealth.org)
Therapeutic Candidate or Device Novel testing of a cell based therapy (Mesenchymal Stromal Cells) for respiratory failure from ARDS. (ca.gov)
The use of base editing to generate universal, off-the-shelf CAR T cells is a promising approach for relapsed leukemia, with potential implications for the future of gene therapy. (ajmc.com)
The same navigators that take care of our patients through the transplant and cellular therapy process, we have similar cellular coordinators that were part of the focus group. (ons.org)
However, the full potential of CAR T therapy is hampered by the lack of long-term persistence of the engineered T cells in patients. (lls.org)
It is also expected to provide critical information to further develop this immune cell-based therapy for treatment of multiple other malignancies. (lls.org)
Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy has offered a novel approach to treating hematologic cancers since 2017, but there are early signs that these cellular immunotherapies could be repurposed for B-cell mediated autoimmune diseases. (medscape.com)
In September of last year, researchers in Germany reported that five patients with refractory systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) treated with CAR T-cell therapy all achieved drug-free remission. (medscape.com)
Since then, two biotechnology companies - Cabaletta Bio in Philadelphia and Kyverna Therapeutics in Emeryville, California - have already been granted fast-track designations from the US Food and Drug Administration for CAR T-cell therapy for SLE and lupus nephritis . (medscape.com)
The CAR T cells currently available target another surface antigen, CD19, and are a much more potent therapy. (medscape.com)
A few days before these modified T cells are infused back into the patient, the patients are given a low-dose chemotherapy (lymphodepletion) regimen to help increase the effectiveness of the therapy. (medscape.com)
Transplantation and cellular therapy 2023 0 0. (cdc.gov)

Although it is possible to expand naturally occurring T(regs), an attractive alternative possibility, particularly suited to solid organ and bone marrow transplantation, is the stimulation of total T cell populations with defined allogeneic antigen-presenting cells (APCs) under conditions that lead to the generation or expansion of donor-reactive, adaptive T(regs). (lu.se)
Notably, PDE inhibition also enhanced the enrichment of human Foxp3(+) CD4(+) T cells driven by allogeneic APCs. (lu.se)

Mast cells respond to toll-like receptor ligands with the production of IL-8, he noted. (the-rheumatologist.org)
Mast cells respond to ACPA, and endogenous toll-like receptor ligands enhance mast cell activation by ACPA. (the-rheumatologist.org)

Combined toll-like receptors and FCγR triggering induces synergy in cytokine production, Dr. Toes said. (the-rheumatologist.org)
4. Induces epigenetic alterations usual y arises as the cell attempts to repair the DNA damage. (who.int)

The process ultimately results in novel amino acid sequences in the antigen-binding regions of immunoglobulins and TCRs that allow for the recognition of antigens from nearly all pathogens including bacteria, viruses, parasites, and worms as well as "altered self cells" as seen in cancer. (wikipedia.org)
One approach relies on the isolation and cloning of T cell receptors (TCRs) that confer non-reactive T cells with specific and potent immune function following gene transfer. (upenn.edu)
TCRs can recognize fragments of antigen attached to MHC on the surface of an APC. (medscape.com)

This course provides detailed knowledge of key concepts in cell technology, bioprocessing and molecular analysis and how these approaches are applied in areas of specific relevance to medical and pharmaceutical applications such as drug design and discovery, immunology and microbial infection. (napier.ac.uk)
Newswise - HOUSTON -- Treating T cells harvested from a patient with a combination of an epigenetic drug and a cytokine while expanding the cells in the lab re-programs them into a stronger T cell type that persists longer than its comrades, researchers at The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center report in Cancer Immunology Research, a journal of the American Association for Cancer Research. (newswise.com)
In a new study, published August 21, 2020 in Science Immunology , an international team of researchers, led by scientists at University of California San Diego School of Medicine, report that the lasting nature of IBD may be due to a type of long-lived immune cell that can provoke persistent, damaging inflammation in the intestinal tract. (newswise.com)

V(D)J recombination in mammals occurs in the primary lymphoid organs (bone marrow for B cells and thymus for T cells) and in a nearly random fashion rearranges variable (V), joining (J), and in some cases, diversity (D) gene segments. (wikipedia.org)
In the developing B cell, the first recombination event to occur is between one D and one J gene segment of the heavy chain locus. (wikipedia.org)
Cellular reprogramming involves remodeling gene expression to generate a desired cell lineage or type. (scienceboard.net)
Optimizing these first-in-class approaches focuses on improving their safety and efficacy profile via a plethora of modifications, including targeting tumor-associated antigens, incorporating control switches, and employing gene editing to prevent graft-versus-host disease and/or other toxicity risk components. (scienceboard.net)
Led by co-senior authors John T. Chang, MD, professor of medicine, and Gene W. Yeo, PhD, professor of cellular and molecular medicine, the research team performed mRNA and antigen receptor sequencing from immune cells isolated from samples taken from rectal biopsies or blood of IBD patients and healthy controls. (newswise.com)
At least 16 mutations in the ALK gene have been identified in some people with neuroblastoma, a type of cancerous tumor composed of immature nerve cells (neuroblasts). (medlineplus.gov)
This phenomenon, known as gene amplification, results in overexpression of ALK receptor tyrosine kinase. (medlineplus.gov)
At least 15 translocations involving the ALK gene have been identified in people with anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL), a rare form of cancer involving immune cells called T cells. (medlineplus.gov)

Molecular chimerism analysis also confirmed the presence of BE-CAR7 cells, which the study said accounted for most of circulating mono-nuclear cells during the 28 days after infusion. (ajmc.com)
and molecular components that work together to destroy antigens (Ags). (msdmanuals.com)

These strategies rely on the isolation of T cells, which are either genetically modified to target tumor-specific antigens or are expanded from an endogenous population that recognizes tumor neoantigens. (aacr.org)
Yee and colleagues are developing another technique, endogenous T cells, which identifies and harvests tumor-attacking T cells in the blood. (newswise.com)

The proposed strategy is design to enhance proliferation, lengthen persistence and augment the anti-lymphoma activity of adoptively transferred CMV-CD19 CAR T cells. (lls.org)
Each category of histiocytosis can be traced to reactive or neoplastic proliferation in one of these cell lineages. (medscape.com)
These signaling pathways are important in many cellular processes such as cell growth and division (proliferation) or maturation (differentiation). (medlineplus.gov)
Although the specific function of ALK receptor tyrosine kinase is unknown, it is thought to act early in development to help regulate the proliferation of nerve cells. (medlineplus.gov)
Constitutive activation of ALK receptor tyrosine kinase may increase the proliferation of immature nerve cells, leading to neuroblastoma. (medlineplus.gov)
In: Chemically induced cell proliferation: Implications for risk assessment. (cdc.gov)
10. Alters cell proliferation, cell death, or nutrient supply nomes with high accuracy. (who.int)

All three T cell activation motifs in ζ bind ZAP70 tandem-SH2 domains in vitro , forming a 1:3 complex. (harvard.edu)
Here, we describe the pre-clinical in vitro and in vivo study of irradiated haNK cells engineered to express a second-generation chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) targeting programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1). (elifesciences.org)
Research Objective Using authentic in vitro models of the human lung, complete with inflammatory cells & vessels, we will validate drugs that might be rapidly repurposed for use in patients with COVID-19. (ca.gov)

Mutated or overexpressed ALK receptor tyrosine kinase no longer requires stimulation from outside the cell to be phosphorylated. (medlineplus.gov)

First, T or NK cells are isolated from patient's or donor's blood. (nature.com)
In this strategy, the patient's own T-cells are genetically engineered to produce a hybrid molecule (the CAR) on these killing cells. (stanford.edu)
T cells are taken out of each patient, reprogrammed to attack a feature unique to that patient's cancer, and administered back to the patient. (uclahealth.org)
On day 27, the patient's bone marrow was hypocellular and in morphologic remission with undetectable minimal residual disease and she was discharged 52 days after stem-cell transplantation. (ajmc.com)
The method entails isolating patient's immune cells (T cells) and genetically engineering them to recognize and kill cancer cells using a Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR). (lls.org)

Cellular immunotherapies. (mayo.edu)
Genetic modifications (besides CAR-T) which are engineered into cell immunotherapies represent a new approach to enhancing safety and potency. (ddw-online.com)

[ 12 ] These cells can capture antigen and migrate to lymphoid organs, where they present the antigens to naive T cells. (medscape.com)

Figure 1: Pathways for the generation of memory NK cells. (nature.com)

Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) is a 100-kD transmembrane glycoprotein that is overexpressed on nearly all prostate cancers, particularly poorly differentiated and metastatic lesions ( 1 - 3 ). (snmjournals.org)

Upon EGF stimulation of the cell, Eps15 becomes both phosphorylated on tyrosine residues and monoubiquitinated. (embl.de)

Related studies have reported that the complete response rate of CD19-CAR-T cells in hematological malignancies is approximately 88-90% [ 13 , 14 ]. (hindawi.com)
Here, we propose to utilize CAR-engineered T cells, which respond to both leukemic (CD19+) cells and cytomegalovirus (CMV) antigen, namely CMV/CD19 bi-specific T cells, followed by CMV vaccine (Triplex), recently developed and clinically evaluated at City of Hope, to further expand the T cells in vivo in ALL patients who underwent allogeneic HCT. (lls.org)

CAR-expression on T or NK cells allows them to specifically target cancer cells via recognition of tumor associated antigens. (nature.com)
Furthermore, the so-called adapter CARs have been developed by splitting antigen recognition and CAR-immune cell activation. (nature.com)
TCR recognition triggers a complex set of events that result in cellular activation. (harvard.edu)

In conclusion, PM enhances DC activation that primes naive T cell differentiation towards a Th17-like phenotype in an AhR-dependent manner. (cdc.gov)

To improve this therapeutic strategy, Rosenberg and colleagues developed a method to identify the exact antigens that the T cells could recognize. (aacr.org)

Treatment of syngeneic tumors resulted in CD8 and PD-L1-dependent tumor rejection or growth inhibition and a reduction in myeloid cells endogenously expressing high levels of PD-L1. (elifesciences.org)
The purpose of this work was to evaluate the effect of androgen receptor (AR) inhibition on prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) uptake imaged using 68 Ga-PSMA-11 PET in a mouse xenograft model and in a patient with castration-sensitive prostate cancer. (snmjournals.org)
As opposed to prostate-specific antigen levels, PSMA expression on the cell surface increases with AR inhibition ( 10 - 12 ). (snmjournals.org)

In platelet refractoriness, his group studies the pro-inflammatory nature of platelets responsible for adverse reactions during platelet transfusions, particularly how platelet Toll-like receptor expression modulates innate immune mechanisms. (lu.se)

One focus of the Powell lab is on the generation/isolation high avidity, tumor-reactive T cells from heterogenous tumor infiltrating lymphocyte populations in traditionally "non-immunogenic" cancers utilizing novel T cell capture techniques, and to deeply examine the characteristics and function of these immune cells. (upenn.edu)
Transcriptomic profiling of T-cell populations in non-muscle invasive and muscle invasive bladder cancer. (lu.se)

Classical " CARs consist of an extracellular binding domain mostly derived from a monoclonal antibody fragment (single-chain variable fragment-scFv), which is linked to intracellular binding domains of the T-cell receptor complex. (nature.com)
Crosslinking of IgE-bound Fc[epsilon]RI by antigen initiates intracellular signaling, eventually resulting in the release of histamines and other cellular mediators of the allergic response. (igert.org)
In this thesis, luminescent gold nanoparticles are presented for enhanced detection and intracellular delivery in cancer cells. (bham.ac.uk)

However, from the beginning of puberty after thymus degeneration, human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) persists due to the chronic activation of cytomegalovirus in humans causing repeated activation of T cells, which is considered the driving factor of human immune aging [ 9 ]. (hindawi.com)
For example, hapten-specific memory NK cells reside in the liver, influenza virus-specific memory NK cells reside in the liver and lung, and mouse cytomegalovirus (MCMV)-specific NK cells and cytokine-induced memory NK cells are systemically distributed. (nature.com)

PD-L1 CAR haNKs reduced levels of macrophages and other myeloid cells endogenously expressing high PD-L1 in peripheral blood from patients with head and neck cancer. (elifesciences.org)
In this review, we aim to summarize the composition of CAR-T cell and its application in the treatment of acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL), chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL), Hodgkin's lymphoma (HL), multiple myeloma (MM), and acute myeloid leukemia (AML). (hindawi.com)

Moreover, JTPQ-Cys has been utilized successfully for imaging studies of Cys in cells and zebrafish because it has good photostability, low cytotoxicity, and a high signal-to-noise ratio. (bvsalud.org)

Survival with Axicabtagene Ciloleucel in Large B-Cell Lymphoma. (rochester.edu)
Tisagenlecleucel and axicabtagene ciloleucel are the two chimeric antigen receptor T-cell (CAR-T cell) treatments licensed in the UK. (pharmaceutical-journal.com)

Here, we discuss effects of the GB tumor microenvironment on NK-cell functionality, summarize early treatment attempts with ex vivo activated NK cells, and describe relevant CAR target antigens validated with CAR-T cells. (frontiersin.org)
Regulatory T cells (T(regs)) manipulated ex vivo have potential as cellular therapeutics in autoimmunity and transplantation. (lu.se)

Research Objective To optimize a new approach to deliver Anti-COVID siRNAs into human iPSC-derived lung cells that can selectively kill the COVID virus Impact Our proposal, if successful, will solve the siRNA delivery problem and rapidly open the door to Anti-COVID siRNA therapeutics. (ca.gov)

On Nov. 7, researchers at the 2015 ACR/ARHP Annual Meeting discussed the role some of these cells play in such diseases as rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). (the-rheumatologist.org)

Foreign, e.g. viral peptides trigger an immune response, ultimately leading to the elimination of infected cells. (mytum.de)

The avian H5N1 and swine H1N1 influenza virus HA structures have been determined as well as mutations that enhance binding to human receptors that may allow the virus to cross the species barrier into humans and be transmissible. (scripps.edu)
To kick off the session, Sharma introduced Steven Rosenberg, MD, PhD , chief of surgery at the National Cancer Institute, to deliver his talk, "T-cells targeting unique cancer mutations. (aacr.org)
Somatic mutations are present only in certain cells and are not inherited. (medlineplus.gov)
These rearrangements are somatic mutations, which means they occur during a person's lifetime and are present only in the cells that become cancerous. (medlineplus.gov)

In order to monitor disease after a curative treatment such as allogeneic transplant, pioneer works from Drs. David Miklos and Wen-Kai Weng have established the utility of high-throughput sequencing (HTS) of either B-cell receptor (BCR) or T-cell receptor (TCR) in monitoring minimal residual disease (MRD). (stanford.edu)
While the role for the individual cell population of the donor graft is not fully understood after allogeneic transplant, recent works in the field have yielded some interesting observations which may lead to advances in clinical care. (stanford.edu)
Techniques such as cellular reprogramming will allow the exploration of scalable allogeneic cell sources and the optimizable generation of cells for therapeutic development. (scienceboard.net)
Most children with T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) can be treated with standard chemotherapy regimens, but patients with induction failure or elevated minimal residual disease after consolidation generally receive allogeneic stem-cell transplantation. (ajmc.com)
Finally, patient 3 is a 15-year-old boy who first presented with mixed-phenotype acute leukemia in 2016 and underwent a first allogeneic stem cell transplantation from a matched unrelated donor. (ajmc.com)

In the phase 1 study, investigators used base editing to generate universal, off-the-shelf CAR T cells. (ajmc.com)
We took advantage of a state-of-the-art approach allowing us to generate mRNA and antigen receptor sequencing data from the same single-cells," said Yeo, "and analyzed thousands of individual cells, which is quite exciting. (newswise.com)

After an antigen enters the bloodstream, there is mast cell degranulation and inflammatory mediators are released, he said. (the-rheumatologist.org)
We found that this inflammatory T RM cell subtype seemed to be enriched in the intestinal tissues of patients with ulcerative colitis, a form of IBD that affects the colon," said Chang. (newswise.com)
The researchers also found evidence that this inflammatory T RM cell subtype might not remain confined to intestinal tissue, but may also escape into the bloodstream. (newswise.com)
Chang said the findings may help to explain why IBD is chronic and life-long, and point to the possibility of a remedy in the future: Targeting this inflammatory T RM cell subtype for elimination, thus ending the cycle of inflammation and tissue damage. (newswise.com)
When their protective barriers are missing, hormones and cells that are present during inflammatory processes induce activation of clasts which, when unbalanced, no longer perform physiological bone remodeling and begin to provoke an immunopathological response that causes dental resorption. (bvsalud.org)
IMT is a rare cancer characterized by a solid tumor composed of inflammatory cells and cells called myofibroblasts that are important in wound healing. (medlineplus.gov)

Binding of a tumor antigen via the scFv activates the T cell in a major histocompatibility-independent manner which leads to a cytotoxic response [ 3 ]. (nature.com)

With vorinostat relaxing the chromatin, IL-21-generated STAT3 activated CD28, resulting in expansion of T cells bearing the markers for central memory T cells. (newswise.com)

Eps15 and its related partner Eps15R play a key role in clathrin-mediated endocytosis of transmembrane receptors. (embl.de)

Traditionally, the treatment of hematological malignancies is administrated by chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and stem cell transplantation. (hindawi.com)
Reprogramming is a promising treatment, which redifferentiates T-induced pluripotent stem cells (T-IPSCs) into naïve and cytotoxic T cells or dedifferentiates within their own lineage [ 13 ]. (hindawi.com)
This concept gained prominence following Shinya Yamanaka's discovery of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) in 2007. (scienceboard.net)
Therapeutic Candidate or Device Human placental hematopoietic stem cell derived natural killer cells (CYNK-001) Indication SARS-CoV-2 positive patients requiring hospital admission and have any 2 out of 3 symptoms: fever, cough, or positive disease-related chest x-ray. (ca.gov)
Normal histiocytes originate from pluripotent stem cells, which can be found in bone marrow. (medscape.com)
Committed stem cells can mature to become antigen-processing cells, with some possessing phagocytic capabilities. (medscape.com)

Unfortunately, patients are already in the terminal stage at this time, and the cancer cells have already invaded the surrounding organs or metastasized far away, which leads to the loss of the curative chance for most patients ( 1 ). (frontiersin.org)
Cancer Cell 40: 1470-1487, Dec 2022. (upenn.edu)
Pembrolizumab (Keytruda), a humanized monoclonal anti-PD-1 antibody, is the first anti-PD-1 antibody approved by the FDA for the treatment of patients with unresectable or metastatic melanoma, non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, cervical cancer, colorectal cancer, and gastric/gastroesophageal junction cancer [ 4 - 10 ]. (hindawi.com)
When Kohler and Milstein developed hybridoma technology in 1975, a monoclonal antibody was thought to be the "Magic Bullet" to treat cancer since it can go directly to the targeted cancer cells. (stanford.edu)
In fact, cellular PSMA expression is regulated by the androgen receptor (AR), which is frequently targeted during prostate cancer treatments and can therefore confound interpretation. (snmjournals.org)
in mice bearing PSMA-expressing xenografts demonstrated that PSMA expression is increased with both orchiectomy and enzalutamide ( 11 ), a finding that has recently been reproduced in multiple prostate cancer cell lines and circulating tumor cells ( 13 , 14 ). (snmjournals.org)
This approach causes these immune cells to attack the specific cancer cell to each patient. (uclahealth.org)
NK cells play an important role in defense against cancer and in fighting off viral infections. (ca.gov)
The favorable optical properties offered by the metal complex and the gold scaffold provided enhanced detection in cancer cells using multimodal imaging. (bham.ac.uk)
Confocal luminescence imaging and transmission electron microscopy revealed the highly efficient uptake and subcellular localization of the functionalized nanoparticles in cancer cells. (bham.ac.uk)

Anatomy35

Organisms23

Diseases5

Chemicals and Drugs120

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment27

Phenomena and Processes49

Information Science3

Health Care1

Chimeric antigen receptors5

Immunotherapy21

Antibodies14

Immune system16

Adoptive5

Dendritic15

Proteins11

Autologous8

Responses7

Therapies27

Effector7

Molecules5

Hematopoietic cell transplantation4

Malignant5

Immunity5

Lymphocytes3

Protein12

Genes8

High affinity3

Cytokines1

Pattern recogniti1

Therapy39

APCs2

Ligands2

Induces2

TCRs3

Immunology3

Gene8

Molecular2

Endogenous2

Proliferation7

Vitro3

Tyrosine kinase1

Patient's5

Immunotherapies2

Lymphoid organs1

Pathways1

Glycoprotein1

Stimulation1

CD192

Recognition3

Differentiation1

Recognize1

Inhibition3

Toll-like rec1

Populations2

Intracellular3

Cytomegalovirus2

Myeloid2

Cytotoxicity1

Axicabtagene Ciloleucel2

Vivo2

Therapeutics1

Systemic lupus erythem1

Peptides1

Mutations4

Allogeneic5

Generate2

Inflammatory6

Activates1

CD281

Transmembrane1

Stem6

Cancer10