Cells assays lymphocytes cell proliferation. Medical search. Frequent questions

In addition, it can block the proliferation of human T cells in mixed lymphocyte reaction (MLR) assay. (immune-system-research.com)
The effect of combining HexaBody-CD27 with pembrolizumab on IFN-γ secretion was evaluated in a mixed lymphocyte reaction (MLR) assay, with synergy analysis using the Highest Single Agent model. (bmj.com)

The ability of extracts to affect the secretion of IL-1 beta, IL-6, and IL-8 were assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. (nih.gov)
Flowcytometry and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) tests were employed to evaluate subpopulation of T-lymphocytes and the levels of cytokines, respectively. (biomedcentral.com)
Detection of measles-specific IgM in serum by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) is the most common method used to confirm measles infection. (cdc.gov)

Spleens from ProGP treated mice were evaluated by immunocytochemistry and enriched CD11c+ populations were functionally assessed in a mixed lymphocyte assay and in an antigen dependent CTL assay. (medscimonit.com)

Taken together, data conclude that short-term repetitive O3 exposure damages both innate and acquired immunity via altering the lymphocyte subset and cytokine profile, and via impact on thymocyte early development. (cdc.gov)
IL-7 (interleukin-7) is a 25 kDa cytokine of the hemopoietin family that plays important roles in lymphocyte differentiation, proliferation, and survival (1-4). (bio-techne.com)
The protein is a pleiotropic cytokine produced primarily by antigen presenting cells and has multiple effects on T lymphocytes and natural killer cells in terms of stimulating cytotoxicity, proliferation, production of other cytokines and Th1 subset differentiation. (biofargo.com)
Large amounts of Interleukin 6 (IL-6) are produced by macrophages and endothelial cells, activating T cells and other immune cells and creating a positive feedback-loop that results in a cytokine storm, inducing the release of many more cytokines and chemokines but also upregulating acute phase proteins. (labclinics.com)
RANTES (Regulation on Activation Normal T-cell Expressed and Secreted) is a chemotactic cytokine (also known as CCL5), produced by macrophages, epithelial cells, platelets, megakaryoblasts, T lymphocytes and eosinophils. (quanterix.com)
CD8 + T-cell proliferation and cytokine secretion were assessed in an antigen-specific assay using claudin-6 as a model antigen. (bmj.com)
Results Combination treatment with HexaBody-CD27 and all tested anti-PD-(L)1 antibodies enhanced proliferation and proinflammatory cytokine secretion of antigen-specific CD8 + T cells in coculture with cognate antigen-expressing dendritic cells, compared to the respective single-agent treatments. (bmj.com)
We hypothesized that, in CBD, failure of IL-10 to modulate the beryllium-specific, cell-mediated immune response would result in persistent, maximal cytokine production and T lymphocyte proliferation, thus contributing to the development of granulomatous lung disease. (cdc.gov)
Our data demonstrate that beryllium-stimulated bronchoalveolar lavage cells produce IL-10, and the neutralization of endogenous IL-10 does not increase significantly cytokine production, HLA expression, or T lymphocyte pro- liferation. (cdc.gov)
exogenous rhIL-10 has a limited effect on cytokine production and no effect on T lymphocyte proliferation or HLA expression. (cdc.gov)
matory response, IL-10 has been shown to inhibit macrophage and Chronic beryllium disease (CBD) provides a human disorder in T lymphocyte cytokine synthesis and MHC class II and B7 ex- which to study the delayed type hypersensitivity response to persistent pression. (cdc.gov)

The main ligand of LFA-1 is ICAM-1, and the LFA-1/ICAM interaction stimulates signaling pathways that influence T cell differentiation. (immune-system-research.com)
A typical immune response involves production of cytokines that orchestrate the differentiation of lymphocytes based on the type of pathogen being cleared. (labclinics.com)
Continuous ligation of LILRB1 modulated cellular differentiation, conferred a unique phenotype upon the resultant cells, induced a profound resistance to CD95-mediated cell death, and inhibited secretion of cytokines IL-10, IL-12p70, and TGF-β. (ashpublications.org)
1 Activation of DCs through toll-like receptors (TLRs) for "infectious nonself" or other "danger" signals normally initiates a process of cellular differentiation resulting in "mature" DCs capable of stimulating T-cell and natural killer (NK)-cell responses. (ashpublications.org)
The receptors of Notch family play an important role in controlling the development, differentiation, and function of multiple cell types. (biomedcentral.com)
The Notch signaling is a highly conserved pathway that controls the differentiation, development and function of multiple cell types, such as stem cells [ 3 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Btk is required for the proliferation and differentiation of B lymphocytes. (medscape.com)
However, murine models, including knockout and transgenic mice, have been useful in understanding the mechanisms of B lymphopoiesis, B-cell differentiation, and antibody formation. (medscape.com)
Subsequent differentiation allows for rear- analysis of a set of mouse B lineage cell lines rep- rangements of the Ig light-chain (IgL) genes that replace the resenting defined stages of B cell development us- surrogate light-chain genes on the surface of the B cell [8]. (lu.se)

Of 66 workers, ≈10% had circulating antibodies or T lymphocytes that reacted with anthrax protective antigen. (cdc.gov)
Here we present a panel of anti-CyRPA monoclonal antibodies that strongly inhibit parasite growth in in vitro assays. (bvsalud.org)
However, there is a paucity of data demonstrating that lymphocyte proliferation does occur in humans treated with CTLA4-blocking antibodies. (snmjournals.org)
The most consistent effects in peripheral blood cells after administering anti-CTLA4 antibodies have been limited to marginal increases in the surface expression of nonspecific activation markers predominantly on CD4+ T lymphocytes ( 16 - 18 ). (snmjournals.org)
It generates specific antibodies and memory cells that recognize and remember the invader, allowing for a quicker and stronger response upon future encounters. (purehealthresearch.com)
After BrdU is introduced to actively proliferating cells, immunodetection of BrdU using specific monoclonal antibodies allows labeling of cells in S phase of the cell cycle. (cytologicsbio.com)
Methods The effects of combining HexaBody-CD27 with anti-PD-(L)1 antibodies (pembrolizumab, nivolumab, and atezolizumab) on human CD8 + T-cell proliferation and effector functions were investigated in vitro . (bmj.com)
In the absence of mature B cells, patients lack lymphoid tissue and fail to develop plasma cells, the cells that manufacture antibodies. (medscape.com)
cells are activated by interaction with antigens and obtain T indicated that the cell lines representing a defined cell help, they mature into terminally differentiated plasma stage generally presented a high similarity in over- cells secreting large amounts of antibodies [10 -12]. (lu.se)

It is shown that this assay produces results that are similar to the classical chromium release assay. (bmglabtech.com)

These cells inhibited T cell proliferation in a standard in vitro mixed lymphocyte assay and, moreover, attenuated the development of vasculopathy mediated by autologous peripheral blood mononuclear cells in a functionally relevant humanized mouse transplant model. (lu.se)
To test whether extracts also affected normal cells, similar experiments were also performed using isolated peripheral blood lymphocytes from healthy volunteers, with and without stimulation by the mitogen phytohemagglutinin (PHA). (nih.gov)
and (iii) the dramatic reductions to lymphocyte numbers and function 1-2 h after exercise reflects a transient and time-dependent redistribution of immune cells to peripheral tissues, resulting in a heightened state of immune surveillance and immune regulation, as opposed to immune suppression. (frontiersin.org)
Measured in a cell proliferation assay using PHA-activated human peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL). (bio-techne.com)
Recombinant Human IL-7 GMP Protein Bioactivity GMP-grade Recombinant Human IL-7 (Catalog # 207-GMP) stimulates proliferation of PHA-activated human peripheral blood lymphocytes. (bio-techne.com)
incubation of mycobacterium bovis-sensitized bovine peripheral blood lymphocytes with concanavalin a or m. bovis purified protein derivative and indomethacin caused a consistent, statistically significant increase in [3h] thymidine uptake as compared to cultures without indomethacin. (liverpool.ac.uk)
1 Significant advances have been made by combining novel agents with autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation which allows for long-term disease-free survival in the majority of transplant-eligible patients. (haematologica.org)
Measured in a cell proliferation assay using PHA-activated human peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBMC). (biofargo.com)
1.The cell proliferation assay using PHA-activated human peripheral blood lymphocytes has an ED 50 value of 50-300 pg/mL. (medchemexpress.com)
Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were isolated and the level and function of Treg cells was analyzed by flow cytometry and cell proliferation assays. (fluoridealert.org)
Most of the studies have focused on analyzing T-cell activation in peripheral blood. (snmjournals.org)
ProGP-4 possesses cross-species activity and treatment of mice with ProGP-4 results in increases in the number of WBC and Class II+/CD11c+ cells in both spleen and peripheral blood. (medscimonit.com)
RESULTS: Administration of this dual receptor agonist to mice resulted in dose-dependent increases in the numbers of total white blood cells and Class II+/CD11c+ cells in spleen and peripheral blood. (medscimonit.com)
immature cell is then subjected to negative selection to delete grouped based on their previously defined pheno- self-reactive cells before it leaves the BM to enter peripheral typic features, and a gene expression pattern for lymphoid organs, where it becomes a mature B cell [9]. (lu.se)

Immunotherapy engages the immune system in the battle against cancer by taking advantage of the capacity of the T lymphocyte for antigen-directed cytotoxicity [ 14 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Granzyme B (GrB), is thought to play a leading role in granzyme-mediated cytotoxicity to induce lysis of target cells. (bmglabtech.com)
The cell mediated cytotoxicity assay was carried out following the manufacturer's protocol with a few modifications. (bmglabtech.com)
Expanded natural killer cells killed both allogeneic and autologous primary myeloma cells avidly via a perforin-mediated mechanism in which the activating receptor NKG2D, natural cytotoxicity receptors, and DNAX-accessory molecule-1 played a central role. (haematologica.org)
Scientists routinely use these assays to study a wide range of applications including drug assessments, cytotoxicity testing and growth factor analysis. (cytologicsbio.com)

Although it is possible to expand naturally occurring T(regs), an attractive alternative possibility, particularly suited to solid organ and bone marrow transplantation, is the stimulation of total T cell populations with defined allogeneic antigen-presenting cells (APCs) under conditions that lead to the generation or expansion of donor-reactive, adaptive T(regs). (lu.se)
Accordingly, investigations on cellular therapies have therefore moved to progenitor cell populations such as bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs), which have the ability to differentiate into cartilage cells 4 . (nature.com)
Indeed, the behavior of almost all immune cell populations in the bloodstream is altered in some way during and after exercise ( 7 , 8 ). (frontiersin.org)
These in vitro assays involve the mixing of different cell populations, as well as using a relatively low number of both effector and target cells. (jove.com)
Finally, data analysis is dependent on the inclusion of positive and negative control target cell populations. (jove.com)
Assaying apoptosis in mixed cell populations usually requires the cells of interest to be pre-loaded with a reagent, and the loss of membrane integrity that occurs during cell death results in the reagent being released. (bmglabtech.com)

In general, we advise purchasing the recombinant protein with BSA for use in cell or tissue culture, or as an ELISA standard. (bio-techne.com)
Multiple steps standard sandwich ELISA assay with a working time of 3-5 hours. (abbkine.com)
Ni-NTA chromatography Fusion tag:His-tag at the C-terminus Application: WB, ELISA, SDS-PAGE, Cell culture, Elisa Product Description: Protein Description: Active. (biofargo.com)
Fusion tag:is-tag at the C-terminus Application:WB, ELISA, SDS-PAGE, Cell culture, Elisa Product Description: Protein Description: 4-1BB. (biofargo.com)
ELISA formats vary, as does the sensitivity and specificity of each assay. (cdc.gov)
The IgM capture assay developed at the Centers for Disease Control (CDC) was compared against five commercially available ELISA kits for the ability to detect measles virus-specific IgM in a panel of 90 well-characterized specimens. (cdc.gov)

Immunosurveillance results primarily from apoptosis of neoplastic cells induced by natural killer (NK) cells and cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs). (bmglabtech.com)
One common example of cell death in a mixed cell population occurs in the process termed immunosurveillance in which cells of the immune system, such as cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) and Natural Killer (NK) cells, induce apoptosis of target cells. (bmglabtech.com)
Notch1 expression in B16 melanoma cells inhibited the infiltration of CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes and NK cells and reduced IFN-γ release in tumor tissue. (biomedcentral.com)

Upon the loss of membrane integrity of the target cells as a result of the cytotoxic activity of the effector cells, the 51 Cr-labelled cellular proteins within the target cells are released into the culture supernatant, becoming available for quantitation. (jove.com)
Here the PHERAstar ® FS HTS microplate reader is used in a time-resolved fluorescence assay to study the loss of membrane integrity. (bmglabtech.com)
Within minutes after a loss of membrane integrity, cells lose the ability to synthesize ATP, and endogenous ATPases (ATP degrading enzymes) destroy any remaining ATP, thus the levels of ATP fall precipitously. (cytologicsbio.com)

In vitro assays for measuring the cytotoxic capacity of immune cells have been a staple in laboratories for many years. (jove.com)
Xeno Diagnostics is a provider of in-vitro assays for early-stage drug development. (xenodiagnostics.com)

These assays focus on changes that occur during apoptosis - the annexin V and propidium iodide assays are based on changes in membrane properties and permeability, and the TUNEL assay is based on apoptosis-related DNA fragmentation. (bmglabtech.com)
Secondly, Annexin V-FITC/PI-stained flow cytometry and TUNEL staining assays showed that MTE promoted the apoptosis of Jurkat cells. (oncotarget.com)
Cell cycle progression was monitored in PHA-stimulated lymphocytes at indicated times by Hoechst 33342 staining and TUNEL assay for apoptotic status. (biomedcentral.com)

Proliferation was assayed by measuring 3 H-thymidine incorporation (counts per minute [cpm]) of culture lymphocytes stimulated with different antigens and by determining the respective proliferative Indexes. (cdc.gov)
The traditional proliferation assays of thymidine incorporation and bromodeoxyuridine uptake measure DNA synthesis, whereas other assays measure ATP concentration, metabolic activity and other factors. (cytologicsbio.com)
The most common proliferation assay is the thymidine incorporation assay. (cytologicsbio.com)
In a typical thymidine incorporation assay, the lymphocytes are cultured for 24-48 hours in the presence of a suitable stimulating agent (i.e., growth factor) and 3H-TdR. (cytologicsbio.com)

the kinetics of the response showed that indomethacin must be added to lymphocyte cultures within hours after mitogen or antigen addition for enhancement of [3h]thymidine uptake to occur. (liverpool.ac.uk)
The bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) Uptake assay follows a similar approach to measuring cell proliferation as 3H-Thymadine Incorporation assay, except BrdU becomes incorporated into replicating DNA in place of 3H-TdR and immunohistochemistry techniques are used for detection. (cytologicsbio.com)

We found that MSC-Exo greatly reduced the intensity of ongoing EAU as their parent cells by reducing the infiltration of T cell subsets, and other inflammatory cells, in the eyes. (nature.com)
Tests that demonstrate the status of cellular immunity include lymphocyte numbers (i.e., a complete blood count with differential), a test that delineates concentrations and proportions of lymphocyte subsets (i.e. (cdc.gov)
Immunological function assays indicated that O3 exposure attenuated the proliferation of spleen mononuclear cells induced by concanavalin A and decreased CD4+ and CD28+ lymphocyte subsets. (cdc.gov)

We now report that MT-Exendin mice develop extensive tissue lymphocytic infiltration with increased numbers of CD4 + and CD8a + cells in the liver and/or kidney and increased numbers of B220 + cells present in the pancreas and liver. (diabetesjournals.org)
Unlike acute inflammation, chronic inflammation is characterized primarily by tissue infiltration by lymphocytes and macrophages. (labclinics.com)
A clear example of the critical role of CTLA4 on tolerance is the striking phenotype of CTLA4 knock-out mice, which develop rapid T-cell proliferation and autoimmune infiltration of multiple organs shortly after birth ( 6 , 7 ). (snmjournals.org)

In vitro, BMS-587101 effectively inhibits LFA-1 mediated T-cell proliferation in human HUVEC cells. (immune-system-research.com)
Moreover, BMS-587101 also inhibits the adhesion of mouse T cells to the mouse brain microvascular endothelial cell line. (immune-system-research.com)
And this compound also inhibits the production of Th1 cytokines in response to staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB)-induced T cell activation. (immune-system-research.com)
Marsdenia tenacissimae extraction (MTE) inhibits the proliferation and induces the apoptosis of human acute T cell leukemia cells through inactivating. (oncotarget.com)

Despite lower co-stimulatory molecule expression, ProGP-4-generated Class II+/CD11c+ cells stimulated proliferation of allogeneic T cells and an antigen-specific T cell hybridoma as efficiently as bone marrow derived dendritic cells from untreated mice. (medscimonit.com)

Flow cytometric analysis revealed partial cell arrest in the G(1) phase at less than 5 micro L/mL and induction of apoptosis at 10 micro L/mL or more of ethanol and water extracts, with the latter exhibiting more pronounced inhibition than the former. (nih.gov)
Cytotoxic activity of claudin-6-specific human CD8 + T cells towards MDA-MB-231 tumor cells expressing cognate antigen was analyzed using real-time analysis of tumor cell mass, along with flow cytometric analysis of granzyme B and CD107a expression on CD8 + T cells. (bmj.com)

It was reported recently that PPARγ activation by its agonistic ligands modifies lymphocyte function. (jci.org)
Dysregulation of the NF-κB pathway in B cells from PPARγ +/- was indicated by spontaneous NF-κB activation, as well as increased IκBα phosphorylation and gel-shift activity following LPS stimulation. (jci.org)
a set of quantitative signs of activation, previously developed in studies of inflammatory peritoneal macrophages, has been applied to the study of immunologically stimulated peritoneal cells. (liverpool.ac.uk)
Activation of mainly T cells or lysis of immune cells induces a release of IFN gamma or TNF alpha. (labclinics.com)
This leads to the activation of macrophages, dendritic cells, other immune cells, and endothelial cells. (labclinics.com)
After the co-culture of B16 cells and CD8 + T cells, the effects of Notch1 on the proliferation and activation of T cells were assessed by CCK8 assay, CFSE dilution and Chromium-release test. (biomedcentral.com)
It could also enhance B16 cell-mediated inhibition of T cell proliferation and activation, and upregulate PD-1 expression on CD4 + and CD8 + T cells. (biomedcentral.com)
Our previous study has shown that interference of both Notch co-activation factor MAML1 blocks the activation of Notch pathway in both human and mouse melanoma cells, suggesting a potential new treatment strategy [ 6 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
The cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA4) is a coinhibitory activation-induced surface receptor on T cells that functions as a major negative regulator of anti-self-immune responses. (snmjournals.org)
Once a T cell is activated through its T-cell receptor, downstream T-cell receptor signaling through Src kinases results in tyrosine phosphorylation of CTLA4 and the uncoupling of CTLA4 from AP50, allowing its surface expression, which peaks at 48 h after activation. (snmjournals.org)
Purified B cells were cultured ex lover vivo in the absence or presence of stimuli of NB-598 hydrochloride B cell survival, proliferation, and activation. (mingsheng88.org)
The TRAF1 blot was used as control of successful B cell activation, and the actin blot was used as loading control. (mingsheng88.org)
We next investigated the potential involvement of Sox5 up-regulation in the survival, proliferation and activation of B lymphocytes. (mingsheng88.org)
In addition, it stimulates histamine secretion by mast cells, IgE and IgG production by lymphocytes, increases CD80 expression on antigen-presenting cells, and induces activation and proliferation of NK cells. (quanterix.com)
Background Activation of the T-cell co-stimulatory receptor CD27 and blockade of the PD-1:PD-L1 axis can augment antitumor immune responses through distinct mechanisms. (bmj.com)
HexaBody ® -CD27 (GEN1053/BNT313) is a novel CD27 human monoclonal antibody with a functionally inert IgG1 Fc domain harboring a hexamerization-enhancing mutation to induce CD27 activation independently of Fc gamma receptor crosslinking, while also avoiding T-cell depletion. (bmj.com)
Activation of Btk results in a cascade of signaling events resulting in calcium mobilization and fluxes, cytoskeletal rearrangements, and transcriptional regulation involving nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB) and nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT). (medscape.com)
Anaplastic large cell lymphomas (ALCLs) are distinguished from other lymphomas by their anaplastic cytology and constant membrane expression of the CD30 antigen (an activation marker for B or T cells). (medscape.com)

Here we demonstrate that stimulation of mouse CD4(+) T cells by immature allogeneic dendritic cells combined with pharmacological inhibition of phosphodiesterase 3 (PDE) resulted in a functional enrichment of Foxp3(+) T cells. (lu.se)
Notably, PDE inhibition also enhanced the enrichment of human Foxp3(+) CD4(+) T cells driven by allogeneic APCs. (lu.se)
This process is B7-homolog (H)1-dependent during cell contact inhibition. (korea.ac.kr)
Mechanistically, MTE enhanced PTEN (phosphatases and tensin homolog) level and inactivated PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway in Jurkat cells, which mediated the inhibition of cell proliferation by MTE and MTE-induced apoptosis. (oncotarget.com)

Ozone exposure impairs antigen-specific immunity but activates IL-7-induced proliferation of CD4(-)CD8(-) thymocytes in BALB/c mice. (cdc.gov)
Lymphocyte proliferation assay is a way for investigation of human cell-immunity and its ability against rubella infection. (org.ir)
Thus cell-immunity to rubella infection was activated timely, in individuals who were vaccinated against rubella virus approximately 10 years before or exposed to it, but the intensity of responses to different antigens varied in each subject. (org.ir)
0.05) higher M2e-specific humoral and cell-mediated immunity compared to JOL2074 alone vaccinated group. (biomedcentral.com)
Dendritic cells (DCs) link innate and adaptive immunity, initiating and regulating effector cell responses. (ashpublications.org)
These findings suggested that Notch1 signaling in B16 melanoma cells might inhibit antitumor immunity by upregulation of TGF-β1. (biomedcentral.com)
There are compelling evidences to show that melanoma cells escape the host's immunity by actively developing multiple suppressive mechanisms within the cancer microenvironment [ 1 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

In the present study, data showed that O3 exposure could impair both the natural killer (NK) cell activity and the proliferation potential of spleen T cells to a specific antigen stimulus. (cdc.gov)
The proliferation of spleen cells were assessed by Bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) assay. (biomedcentral.com)
The ratios of CD3 + CD8 + cytotoxic T cells, CD49b + NK cells, CD4 + CD25 + FoxP3 + Tregs and Gr1 + CD11b + MDSCs in tumor-DLN or spleen were examined by flow cytometry. (biomedcentral.com)
Germinal centers where B cells proliferate and differentiate are poorly developed in all lymphoid tissue, including the spleen. (medscape.com)
The use of cell lines does, however, introduce a risk the immunoglobulin (Ig)-secreting plasma cell in the spleen, of obtaining cell line-specific features as a result of the trans- gut, or BM [1, 2]. (lu.se)

B and T lymphocytes, CD4+ B lymphocytes versus CD8+ T lymphocytes), and tests that measure T-cell proliferation or function in response to specific or nonspecific stimuli (e.g., lymphocyte proliferation assays) ( 4,5 ). (cdc.gov)
Besides the cell source choice, also mechanical stimuli are crucial in the development and maintenance of articular cartilage. (nature.com)
C and D)Potential rules of the manifestation of the Sox5 gene in response to B cell stimuli. (mingsheng88.org)
B cell stimuli examined include: 2 g/ml anti-CD40, 20 g/ml LPS, 1 g/ml anti-BCR, and 100 nM CpG2084, only or in combination. (mingsheng88.org)
Splenic B cells were purified from LMC and tumor-free young B-TRAF3-/-mice (age: 10-12 weeks), and then stimulated with a variety of B cell stimuli. (mingsheng88.org)
Interestingly, Sox5 proteins were not detectable in normal LMC or premalignant TRAF3-/-B cells after treatment with any examined B cell stimuli, although TRAF1 proteins were potently induced by these stimuli (Fig. 1D). (mingsheng88.org)

IL-7 is produced by a wide variety of cells in primary and secondary lymphoid tissues, including stromal epithelial cells of the thymus, bone marrow, and intestines (1, 2, 5). (bio-techne.com)
The device may also have the capability to flag, count, or classify immature or abnormal hematopoietic cells of the blood, bone marrow, or other body fluids. (medicregister.com)
In the fetal bone marrow, the first committed cell in B-cell lineage is the early pro-B cell, which is identified by its ability to proliferate in the presence of interleukin (IL)-7. (medscape.com)
B lymphocyte development is a highly ordered process pro- expression analysis without the use of intermediate amplifica- ceeding from the progenitor cells in the bone marrow (BM) to tion steps. (lu.se)

The thymidine is incorporated into dividing cells and the level of this incorporation, measured using a liquid scintillation counter, is proportional to the amount of cell proliferation. (wikipedia.org)

Bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) is another thymidine analog that is often used for the detection of proliferating cells in living tissues. (wikipedia.org)

Dendritic cells (DCs) play pivotal roles in the initiation, regulation, and maintenance of immune responses. (ashpublications.org)
Characterization of dendritic cells generated in vivo by an E. coli derived chimeric dual receptor agonist. (medscimonit.com)
In MLR assays of human CD8 + T cells and allogeneic dendritic cells, the combination of HexaBody-CD27 and pembrolizumab synergistically enhanced IFN-γ secretion. (bmj.com)

CFSE is used to track lymphocyte migration and proliferation. (sigmaaldrich.com)
5(6)-Carboxyfluorescein diacetate N -succinimidyl ester (CFSE) is an amine reactive fluorescent probe used to stain cells, especially immune cells, for analysis in applications such as flow cytometry. (sigmaaldrich.com)
CFSE (5(6)-Carboxyfluorescein diacetate N-succinimidyl ester) is a cell staining dye used for accurately tracking the proliferation of stimulated cells across multiple generations. (cytologicsbio.com)
As CFSE diffuses into the cell, its succinimidyl group covalently binds to intracellular lysine residues, producing green fluorescence. (cytologicsbio.com)
CFSE dye provides an intense fluorescent staining which enables the tracing of eight or more generations of proliferating cells before the signal strength is diluted by intrinsic cellular auto-fluorescence. (cytologicsbio.com)

The in vitro effects of MSC-Exo on immune cell migration and responder T cell proliferation were examined by chemotactic assays and lymphocyte proliferation assays, respectively. (nature.com)

In addition, studies show that tumor proliferation and metastasis may occur when inflammatory cytokines create a microenvironment conducive to cancer progression. (labclinics.com)
Although defects may occur in many steps in B-cell development and maturation, resulting in agammaglobulinemia, the most common and well-described defect is the impaired maturation of the pro-B cells to pre-B cells. (medscape.com)

These assays have been used to determine the ability of T cells, NK cells, or any other immune cell to kill target cells in an antigen-specific or -nonspecific manner. (jove.com)
This ulcerated nodule of localized primary cutaneous CD30+ anaplastic large cell lymphoma is relatively nonspecific in appearance. (medscape.com)

Firstly, CCK8 assays and flow cytometry assays revealed that MTE dose-dependently reduced the proliferation of Jurkat cells by arresting cell cycle at S phase. (oncotarget.com)

The choice of assay should be based on: 1) the type of pathogen causing the infection and the body system of the patient that is most frequently infected, 2) breed, age, and history of the patient, 3) evaluation of the complete blood count (CBC). (dvm360.com)

One of the main functions of the cells of the immune system is to remove target cells that have been infected with viruses or have undergone transformation into a tumor cell. (jove.com)

Regulatory T cells (T(regs)) manipulated ex vivo have potential as cellular therapeutics in autoimmunity and transplantation. (lu.se)
Radioactivity - especially, chromium 51 ( 51 Cr) in the form of Na 2 51 CrO 4 - is an inexpensive way to rapidly and nonspecifically label cellular proteins within the target cells (1). (jove.com)
The term "oncotarget" encompasses all molecules, pathways, cellular functions, cell types, and even tissues that can be viewed as targets relevant to cancer as well as other diseases. (oncotarget.com)
Total cellular proteins were prepared from purified LMC splenic B cells or splenic B lymphomas or ascites of different individual B-TRAF3-/-mice. (mingsheng88.org)
Taqman assay of Sox5 was performed as explained in (A). Graphs depict the results of two self-employed experiments with duplicate reactions in each experiment (mean S.D.). (D) Total cellular proteins were prepared at 24 hours after treatment, and immunoblotted for Sox5, followed by TRAF1 and actin. (mingsheng88.org)
ATP is a nucleotide found in cells that captures chemical energy obtained from the breakdown of food molecules and releases it to fuel other cellular processes. (cytologicsbio.com)
The emitted light is proportional to the level of cellular ATP in the assay, which is measured to assess the number of cells. (cytologicsbio.com)

Without further manipulation or selection, the resultant population delayed skin allograft rejection mediated by polyclonal CD4(+) effectors or donor-reactive CD8(+) T cell receptor transgenic T cells and inhibited both effector cell proliferation and T cell priming for interferon-γ production. (lu.se)

HL-60 cells incubated with various amounts (1, 3, 5, 7.5, and 10 micro l/mL) of the extracts for 1-3 days showed dose-dependent, time-dependent growth suppression and decrease in cell viability. (nih.gov)
We showed higher DTH, increased lymphocyte proliferation, decreased tumor growth and reduced JAK2/STAT3 phosphorylation in mice treated with naringenin and CPT. (biomedcentral.com)
Its protein product is thought to be involved in negative regulation of growth of vascular smooth muscle cells, which contributes to the anti-inflammatory response to vessel wall trauma. (abbkine.com)
These mice are devoid of endogenous natural killer and T-cell activity and were used to determine whether adoptively transferred expanded natural killer cells could inhibit myeloma growth and myeloma-associated bone destruction. (haematologica.org)
Adoptive transfer of expanded natural killer cells inhibited the growth of established OPM2 and high-risk primary myeloma tumors grown in the murine model. (haematologica.org)
The transferred, expanded natural killer cells proliferated in vivo in an interleukin-2 dose-dependent fashion, persisted up to 4 weeks, were readily detectable in the human bone, inhibited myeloma growth and protected bone from myeloma-induced osteolysis. (haematologica.org)
Downregulation or overexpression of Notch1 in B16 melanoma cells inhibited or promoted tumor growth in immunocompetent mice, respectively. (biomedcentral.com)
For instance, melanoma cells evade T cell surveillance by creating an immunosuppressive environment via the production of cytokines such as transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and IL-10, which recruit myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) and T regulatory cells (Tregs). (biomedcentral.com)
Moreover, Notch1 and NRG1 expression in melanoma promoted cell growth by activating PI3Kinase/Akt signaling pathway and facilitating the accumulation of p27 [ 11 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

5-Ethynyl-2´-deoxyuridine (EdU) is a thymidine analog which is incorporated into the DNA of dividing cells and is used to assay DNA synthesis in cell culture or living tissues. (wikipedia.org)

It labels cells by covalently binding to intracellular molecules. (sigmaaldrich.com)
To reduce the risk of analyzing cell line- pathway can be divided into distinct stages based on the specific features, we used several representative cell lines for recombination status of the Ig genes and on the expression each of four major stages in B cell development: pro-B, pre-B, pattern of surface markers and the presence of intracellular proteins [1- 6]. (lu.se)

Mice primed with either ovalbumin or methylated BSA also showed enhanced antigen-specific immune response of both T and B cells, an immunological abnormality that exacerbated antigen-induced arthritis. (jci.org)
It was previously shown that O3 exposure (0.6 ppm, 10 h/day for 15 days) not only results in local bronchial inflammation, but also affects the nervous system and thymocyte proliferation, and places mice under oxidative stress. (cdc.gov)
However, supplementation with natural antioxidants protected mice from O3-induced dysfunction of splenocyte proliferation. (cdc.gov)
CD11c+ cells from ProGP-4 treated mice co-expressed DEC205 and also expressed CD80, CD86 and CD40, albeit at lower levels as compared to Class II+/CD11c+ cells from untreated animals. (medscimonit.com)
We 1st verified the transcriptional up-regulation of Sox5 in splenic B lymphomas and ascites spontaneously developed in 6 different individual B-TRAF3-/-mice using TaqMan gene manifestation assay (Fig. 1A). (mingsheng88.org)
Splenic B Rabbit Polyclonal to OR5AS1 cells were purified from 10- to 12- week-old LMC and tumor-free B-TRAF3-/-mice. (mingsheng88.org)

These results suggest that MSC-Exo effectively ameliorate EAU by inhibiting the migration of inflammatory cells, indicating a potential novel therapy of MSC-Exo for uveitis. (nature.com)
In some cases, however, the immune response does not shut down, and there is an overproduction of inflammatory cytokines that causes systemic damage to host cells. (labclinics.com)

I'm-Yunity acts selectively in HL-60 leukemic cells, resulting in cell cycle restriction through the G(1)/S checkpoint and the induction of apoptosis. (nih.gov)
Several assays are available to monitor apoptosis and other forms of cell death. (bmglabtech.com)
These and other assays are extremely good in evaluating apoptosis in a homogenous cell population, but are less useful when evaluating apoptosis in only one type of cell when a mixture of cells is present. (bmglabtech.com)
In the present study, we aimed to evaluate the effects of MTE on the proliferation and apoptosis of Jurkat cells (T-ALL lines) and lymphocytes from T-ALL (T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia) patients. (oncotarget.com)
Finally, MTE significantly inhibited the proliferation and promoted the apoptosis of lymphocytes from T-ALL patients, compared with lymphocytes from healthy peoples. (oncotarget.com)
Taken together, these results reveal an unrecognized function of MTE in inhibiting the proliferation and inducing the apoptosis of T-ALL cells, and identify a pathway of PTEN/PI3K/AKT/mTOR for the effects of MTE on leukemia therapy. (oncotarget.com)

Enhances lymphocyte migration. (abbkine.com)

Molecular imaging with the PET probe 18 F-FLT allows mapping and noninvasive imaging of cell proliferation in secondary lymphoid organs after CTLA4 blockade in patients with metastatic melanoma. (snmjournals.org)

However, no inhibitory effect of MSC-Exo on IRBP-specific T cell proliferation was observed. (nature.com)
The inhibitory effect of MSCs on T lymphocytes was observed using PHA-induced T cell proliferation assays. (korea.ac.kr)

In contrast to T cells, which did not exhibit a significant difference, B cells from PPARγ +/- showed an enhanced proliferative response to stimulation by either lipopolysaccharide or cross-linking of antigen receptors. (jci.org)

Sixty percent of cases express 1 or more T-cell antigens (CD3 + , CD43, or CD45RO). (medscape.com)

Many human cytokines will produce a nice response in mouse cell lines, and many mouse proteins will show activity on human cells. (medchemexpress.com)

With the explosion in tumor immunotherapy research in recent years, there is growing interest in finding agents to increase the cytotoxic activity of immune cells to improve patient outcomes. (jove.com)
As with any assay examining the function of immune cells in vitro , there are a number of important considerations to consider improving the performance of the experiment. (jove.com)
Most immune cells do not make new DNA unless they are activated, so a positive response is easily detectable against low background interference. (cytologicsbio.com)

The development of T cells depends on their microenvironment, with cytokines playing a major role in this procedure. (biomedcentral.com)

We previously demonstrated that mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) ameliorated experimental autoimmune uveoretinitis (EAU) in rats. (nature.com)
Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-based therapy for the treatment of autoimmune diseases has demonstrated a particular promise after its successful applications in both animal models and patients. (nature.com)
T regulatory (Treg) cells play an important role in the modulation of the immune response, and are implicated in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases. (fluoridealert.org)
For example, autoimmune conditions arise when our immune system mistakes our cells or tissues for pathogens and attacks them. (labclinics.com)

Preclinical models predict that blockade of the coinhibitory molecule cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA4) on lymphocytes results in the release of a cell cycle inhibitory checkpoint, allowing lymphocyte proliferation, tumor targeting, and regression. (snmjournals.org)

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can differentiate into chondrocytes, while mechanical loading has been proposed as alternative strategy to induce chondrogenesis excluding the use of exogenous factors. (nature.com)

Representative examples of lymphocyte proliferation results. (cdc.gov)
Results: Lymphocytes stimulated with the mitogens were observed directly with an inverted microscope. (org.ir)
Conclusion: Comparison of the data with previous studies on proliferation of specific lymphocytes in response to rubella vaccination confirms our results. (org.ir)
The engagement of CTLA4 by costimulatory molecules results in decreased T-cell receptor signaling, interleukin 2 transcription ( 3 ), and cell cycle arrest at the G1 stage, with the final result of inducing T-cell anergy ( 4 , 5 ). (snmjournals.org)
False-positive results occurred in 2.0 to 13.1% of sera, while negative results were observed in 16.7 to 50% of sera that were positive by the CDC measles IgM capture assay. (cdc.gov)

3-5 LILRs are encoded by a set of genes within the leukocyte receptor cluster on chromosome 19q13.4, adjacent to the killer Ig-like receptor ( KIR ) genes that are responsible for controlling NK- and CD8 T-cell survival and effector functions. (ashpublications.org)

After pulse-labeling cells with BrdU, mouse mAb can be used to detect BrdU incorporated into single stranded DNA. (cytologicsbio.com)

Anatomy47

Organisms16

Diseases10

Chemicals and Drugs88

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment43

Phenomena and Processes54

Disciplines and Occupations1

Information Science3

Mixed lymphocyte reaction2

Enzyme-Linke3

Assessed in a mixed lymphocyte1

Cytokine11

Differentiation9

Antibodies9

Release Assay1

Peripheral14

Cytotoxicity5

Populations6

ELISA6

Cytotoxic T lymphocyt3

Loss of membrane integrity3

Vitro assays2

TUNEL3

Thymidine incorporation4

Uptake2

Subsets3

Infiltration3

Inhibits4

Antigen-specific T cell1

Cytometric analysis2

Activation18

Inhibition4

Immunity7

Spleen5

Stimuli6

Bone marrow4

Incorporation1

Bromodeoxyuridine1

Dendritic3

CFSE5

Chemotactic1

Occur2

Nonspecific2

CCK81

Type of pathogen1

Tumor cell1

Cellular7

Effector cell1

Growth9

Synthesis1

Intracellular2

Mice6

Inflammatory2

Apoptosis6

Enhances1

Secondary lymphoid1

Inhibitory effect2

Stimulation1

Antigens1

Proteins1

Immune cells3

Cytokines1

Autoimmune4

Checkpoint1

Mesenchymal stem1

Results5

Survival1

BrdU1