• However, tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) activity and the number of osteoclast cells (TRAP-positive multinucleated cells) were not changed by nSP treatment in the presence of receptor activator of nuclear factor κB ligand (RANKL) at doses that did not induce cytotoxicity by silica particles. (springer.com)
  • Collectively, the results suggested that nanosilica exerts no effect on RANKL-induced osteoclast differentiation of RAW264.7 cells, although a detailed mechanistic examination of the nSP70-mediated cytotoxic effect is needed. (springer.com)
  • The osteoclast is a large, multinucleated cell that is differentiated from monocyte/macrophage lineage cells by macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF) and receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL). (nih.gov)
  • Many types of cells express RANKL to support osteoclastogenesis depending on the biological context and the dysregulation of RANKL signaling leads to bone diseases such as osteoporosis and osteopetrosis. (nih.gov)
  • This review outlines the findings on osteoclast and RANKL/RANK signaling that have accumulated to date. (nih.gov)
  • In this study, we examined the potential of SF extract (SFE) to inhibit receptor activator of NF-κB ligand (RANKL) -induced osteoclast differentiation in cultured mouse-derived bone marrow macrophages (BMMs). (biomedcentral.com)
  • BMMs, that act as osteoclast precursors, were cultured with M-CSF (50 ng/ml) and RANKL (100 ng/ml) for 4 days to generate osteoclasts. (biomedcentral.com)
  • SFE inhibited the RANKL-induced expression of nuclear factor of activated T cells c1 (NFATc1). (biomedcentral.com)
  • SFE attenuated the RANKL-mediated induction of NF-κB through inhibition of IκBα phosphorylation, which contributed to inhibiting of RANKL-induced osteoclast differentiation through downregulation of NFATc1. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF) and receptor activator of NF-κB ligand (RANKL) are two cytokines secreted mainly by osteoclast. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Recently the osteoclast differentiation factor (ODF), better termed RANKL (receptor activator of NF-kappaB ligand), expressed by osteoblasts has been cloned as well as its cognate signaling receptor, receptor activator of NFkappaB (RANK), and a secreted decoy receptor osteoprotegerin (OPG) that limits RANKL's biological action. (ox.ac.uk)
  • We determined that the breast cancer cell lines MDA-MB-231, MCF-7, and T47D as well as primary breast cancers do not express RANKL but express OPG and RANK. (ox.ac.uk)
  • MCF-7, MDA-MB-231, and T47D cells did not act as surrogate osteoblasts to support osteoclast formation in coculture experiments, a result consistent with the fact that they do not express RANKL. (ox.ac.uk)
  • MCF-7 parental cells had no effect on RANKL or OPG mRNA levels when cultured with osteoblastic cells. (ox.ac.uk)
  • We also found that rapid application of the osteoclast-activation factor RANKL converted many N osteoclasts to R, suggesting a novel point of action in RANKL-mediated control of mature osteoclast function. (jci.org)
  • Furthermore, we showed that Th17 cells, a subset of RANKL-expressing CD4 + T cells, could induce rapid N-to-R conversion of mature osteoclasts via cell-cell contact. (jci.org)
  • These findings provide new insights into the activities of mature osteoclasts in situ and identify actions of RANKL-expressing Th17 cells in inflammatory bone destruction. (jci.org)
  • Osteoclasts were formed by culturing mouse bone marrow macrophage (BMM) cells with macrophage colony-stimulating factor and receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL). (e-jbm.org)
  • In BMM cultures, an ethanol extract of the root part of IKN suppressed RANKL-induced osteoclast formation and bone resorptive activity. (e-jbm.org)
  • In contrast, an ethanol extract of the aerial parts of IKN had a minor effect on RANKL-induced osteoclast formation. (e-jbm.org)
  • Mechanistically, the root part of IKN suppressed RANKL-induced p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) activation, effectively abrogating the induction of c-Fos and nuclear factor of activated T cells 1 (NFATc1) expression. (e-jbm.org)
  • 5 ] Osteoblasts, bone-forming cells, also regulate osteoclast differentiation via RANKL and osteoprotegerin (OPG) expression, a decoy receptor for RANKL. (e-jbm.org)
  • 5 , 6 ] Stimulation of osteoclast precursors with RANKL recruits cytoplasmic tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factors (TRAFs) and activates downstream signaling pathways. (e-jbm.org)
  • To study the involvement of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) in osteoclastogenesis of the murine monocytic cell line RAW264.7, which can differentiate into osteoclast-like cells in the presence of the receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa B ligand (RANKL), we treated the cells with specific inhibitors of p38 MAPK, PD169316 and SB203580, and specific inhibitors of MAPK extracellular signaling-regulated kinase (ERK) kinase (MEK), U0126 and PD98059. (elsevierpure.com)
  • RANKL-responsive epigenetic mechanism reprograms macrophages into bone-resorbing osteoclasts. (nih.gov)
  • Human mast cells induce osteoclastogenesis through cell surface RANKL. (nih.gov)
  • Many osteopenic disorders, including a postmenopausal osteoporosis and lytic bone metastasis in breast and prostate cancers, are linked with a hyperosteoclast activity due to increased receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand (RANKL) expression in osteoblastic/stromal cells. (hindawi.com)
  • Therefore, inhibition of RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis and osteoclast-induced bone resorption is an important approach in controlling pathophysiology of these skeletal diseases. (hindawi.com)
  • We found that, of seven type I, II, and III saikosaponins isolated from Bupleurum falcatum , saikosaponins A and D, type I saikosaponins with an allyl oxide linkage between position 13 and 28 and two carbohydrate chains that are directly attached to the hydroxyl groups in position 3, exhibited the most potent inhibition on RANKL-induced osteoclast formation at noncytotoxic concentrations. (hindawi.com)
  • Saikosaponins A and D inhibited the formation of resorptive pits by reducing the secreted levels of matrix metalloproteinase- (MMP-) 2, MMP-9, and cathepsin K in RANKL-induced osteoclasts. (hindawi.com)
  • This permits characterization of osteoclasts by their staining for high expression of tartrate resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) and cathepsin K. Osteoclast rough endoplasmic reticulum is sparse, and the Golgi complex is extensive. (wikipedia.org)
  • Long-term cultures of human bone marrow form multinucleated cells (MNC) with many functional characteristics of osteoclasts including: expression of tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase, appropriate responses to osteotropic hormones, calcitonin-induced contraction and formation of resorption lacunae on calcified matrices. (elsevierpure.com)
  • 10 - 12 ] c-Fos also induces the expression of NFATc1, contributing to the induction of osteoclast-specific marker genes such as tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase ( TRAP ). (e-jbm.org)
  • The response to CT treatment was determined by quantitation of cells positive for tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) and binding of 125I-salmon CT. (edu.au)
  • Tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) and the osteoclast/immune cell dichotomy. (medlineplus.gov)
  • This was done by daily CT treatment of mouse bone marrow cultures from day 0, when only undifferentiated mononuclear precursors of osteoclast-like cells were present, or commencing from day 6, when differentiated osteoclast-like cells were abundant. (edu.au)
  • Giant cell tumors (GCTs) arise from cells called osteoclast precursors. (medicinenet.com)
  • The exact cause of GCTs is not fully understood, but they are thought to be related to abnormal proliferation and differentiation of osteoclast precursors. (medicinenet.com)
  • Estrogens decrease osteoclast number by attenuating mitochondria oxidative phosphorylation and ATP production in early osteoclast precursors. (bvsalud.org)
  • Osteoclasts are bone resorbing, multinucleate cells that differentiate from mononuclear macrophage/monocyte-lineage hematopoietic precursor cells. (jci.org)
  • Murine embryonic stem (mES) cells are self-renewing pluripotent cells that bear the capacity to differentiate into ectoderm-, endoderm-, and mesoderm-derived tissues. (uthscsa.edu)
  • Because a larger fraction of LKS in the BM of treated mice was found in the S/M phase of the cell cycle, osteoclast impairment makes a proportion of HSCs enter the cell cycle and differentiate. (ox.ac.uk)
  • In this study we carried out observations of AdipoR1, -R2 in peripheral blood mononuclear cells that were induced to differentiate into osteoclasts. (uea.ac.uk)
  • The immunofluorescence patterns suggest that adiponectin receptors are located, or re-located, in the plasma membrane with distribution in the cytoplasm when mononuclear cells are committed to differentiate to osteoclasts. (uea.ac.uk)
  • Osteoclasts are multinucleated cells that differentiate from hematopoietic cells and possess characteristics responsible for bone resorption. (elsevierpure.com)
  • We are interested how extracellular matrix proteins instruct cells to differentiate, migrate, and proliferate, and how cells sense normal and pathologically altered extracellular matrix. (mcgill.ca)
  • Our results revealed that nSP exerted higher cytotoxicity in macrophage cells compared with submicron-sized silica particles. (springer.com)
  • The OLGCs are specific type of macrophage and are likely distinct from true osteoclasts. (uniba.it)
  • In contrast, osteoclasts are derived from the monocyte/macrophage lineage. (medscape.com)
  • Similar to bone-derived osteoclasts, MNC formed in long-term human bone marrow culture expressed osteoclast-specific antigens (detected by monoclonal antibodies 13c2 and 23c6) and did not express Fc receptors, T cell specific antigens, most myeloid antigens or mature macrophage antigens. (elsevierpure.com)
  • MNC also reacted with the monoclonal antibody My11, which is present on CFU-GM, the granulocyte-macrophage colony-forming cell, the probable precursor for MNC. (elsevierpure.com)
  • Osteoclasts originate from monocyte/macrophage lineage cells. (e-jbm.org)
  • Osteoclast, derived from macrophage-mononuclear lineage, is a special myeloid cell. (frontiersin.org)
  • 7 - 9 ] Activation of these signaling pathways induces the expression of transcription factors such as c-Fos and nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFATc1), a master transcription factor for osteoclastogenesis. (e-jbm.org)
  • However, the effect of MEK inhibitors on osteoclastogenesis varied according to the initial cell density during culture, because cell growth was clearly inhibited by them. (elsevierpure.com)
  • T cell activation was reported to induce expression of this gene and lead to an increase of osteoclastogenesis and bone loss. (nih.gov)
  • Similar to E2, the complex I inhibitor Rotenone decreased osteoclastogenesis by promoting osteoclast progenitor apoptosis via Bak/Bax. (bvsalud.org)
  • SFE significantly decreased osteoclast differentiation in a dose-dependent manner. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Osteoclast differentiation was measured by tartrate-resistant acidic phosphatase (TRAP) staining and the TRAP solution assay. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Mature osteoclasts expressing TRAP-tdTomato signals ( A ), green fluorescent signals from high H + concentration ( B ), and merged images ( C ). Green fluorescent signals from the H + probes overlapped with static (low CDI, arrowheads) but not moving (high CDI, asterisk) osteoclasts, suggesting that former cells are secreting protons actively and resorbing bone tissues when observed in vivo. (jci.org)
  • When cultures were treated with CT from day 0, TRAP-positive multinucleated cells appeared. (edu.au)
  • The TRAP enzyme primarily regulates the activity of a protein called osteopontin, which is produced in bone cells called osteoclasts and in immune cells. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Two versions (isoforms) of the TRAP enzyme are produced: TRAP5a is found primarily in immune cells and TRAP5b is found primarily in bone cells called osteoclasts. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Furthermore, it is possible that nSP circulating in the blood can reach the alveolar bone, which is presented in the submucosal layer, as well as various cells such as macrophages and osteoblasts. (springer.com)
  • When osteoclast-inducing cytokines are used to convert macrophages to osteoclasts, very large cells that may reach 100 µm in diameter occur. (wikipedia.org)
  • The size of the multinucleated assembled osteoclast allows it to focus the ion transport, protein secretory and vesicular transport capabilities of many macrophages on a localized area of bone. (wikipedia.org)
  • Immune cell responses induced by DAMPs may include cytokine and chemokine release to activate inflammatory cells such as neutrophils and macrophages. (nature.com)
  • In the immune system, osteopontin is found primarily in cells called macrophages and dendritic cells. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Like TRAP5b in bone cells, the TRAP5a enzyme inactivates osteopontin in macrophages and dendritic cells when it is no longer needed. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Although human osteopetrosis is a heterogeneous disorder encompassing different molecular lesions and a range of clinical features, all forms share a single pathogenic nexus in the osteoclast. (medscape.com)
  • To understand the etiology of osteopetrosis, it is very essential to understand the bone-remodeling cycle and the cell biology of osteoclasts. (medscape.com)
  • Targeted disruption of the related gene in mice led to severe osteopetrosis and a lack of osteoclasts. (nih.gov)
  • Here, we visualized fluorescently labeled mature osteoclasts in intact mouse bone tissues using intravital multiphoton microscopy. (jci.org)
  • Visualization of bone-resorptive function of mature osteoclasts by using H + -sensing fluorescent probe. (jci.org)
  • D ) The H + secretion index of mature osteoclasts. (jci.org)
  • In the mouse model, mature osteoclasts, which are essential for tooth eruption, are lacking. (medscape.com)
  • We report that 17ß- estradiol (E2) decreased osteoclast number by promoting the apoptosis of early osteoclast progenitors, but not mature osteoclasts . (bvsalud.org)
  • The osteoclast disassembles and digests the composite of hydrated protein and mineral at a molecular level by secreting acid and a collagenase, a process known as bone resorption. (wikipedia.org)
  • Osteoclasts are found on those surfaces of bone that are undergoing resorption. (wikipedia.org)
  • On such surfaces, the osteoclasts are seen to be located in shallow depressions called resorption bays (Howship's lacunae). (wikipedia.org)
  • The resorption bays are created by the erosive action of osteoclasts on the underlying bone. (wikipedia.org)
  • Resorption of bone matrix by the osteoclasts involves two steps: (1) dissolution of inorganic components (minerals), and (2) digestion of organic component of the bone matrix. (wikipedia.org)
  • In bone, osteoclasts are found in pits in the bone surface which are called resorption bays, or Howship's lacunae. (wikipedia.org)
  • At a site of active bone resorption, the osteoclast forms a specialized cell membrane, the "ruffled border", that opposes the surface of the bone tissue. (wikipedia.org)
  • This extensively folded or ruffled border facilitates bone removal by dramatically increasing the cell surface for secretion and uptake of the resorption compartment contents and is a morphologic characteristic of an osteoclast that is actively resorbing bone. (wikipedia.org)
  • Many have assumed that fluoride's main effect on bone resorption and osteoclasts is an inhibitory one (i.e., less bone resorption). (fluoridealert.org)
  • While evidence does indicate that fluoride can inhibit osteoclasts and bone resorption, evidence also indicates that fluoride can increase osteoclast activity and bone resorption. (fluoridealert.org)
  • An iliac crest bone biopsy revealed an increased amount of thick unmineralized osteoid as well as a large number of osteoclasts and associated resorption cavities, consistent with osteomalacia. (fluoridealert.org)
  • Breast cancers commonly cause osteolytic metastases in bone, a process that is dependent upon osteoclast-mediated bone resorption. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Given the rate of transition from static to motile behavior of the osteoclasts, these areas are likely to be those undergoing resorption by previously static cells shortly before obtaining the image and characterizing the osteoclasts at motile. (jci.org)
  • Osteoclasts are the cells responsible for bone resorption in steady state and bone destruction in chronic inflammatory diseases and osteoporosis. (canal-u.tv)
  • Bone resorption occurs mainly on the bone surface, by the osteoclasts (OC) on bone metabolism in continuous absorption. (frontiersin.org)
  • A large multinuclear cell associated with the BONE RESORPTION. (bvsalud.org)
  • An odontoclast, also called cementoclast, is cytomorphologically the same as an osteoclast and is involved in CEMENTUM resorption. (bvsalud.org)
  • In endochondral bone formation, parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP)-expressing RZSCs are the source of growth plate chondrocytes, which give rise to bone-forming osteoblasts as well as bone marrow skeletal stem cells 1 . (nature.com)
  • Additionally, saikosaponins A and D inhibited mRNA expression of parathyroid hormone-related protein as well as cell viability and invasion in metastatic human breast cancer cells. (hindawi.com)
  • Apoptosis allows for efficient and immunologically silent removal of damaged or superfluous cells in multicellular organisms. (nature.com)
  • This protein was shown to activate antiapoptotic kinase AKT/PKB through a signaling complex involving SRC kinase and tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor (TRAF) 6, which indicated this protein may have a role in the regulation of cell apoptosis. (nih.gov)
  • [ 6 ] NF-KB protects cells from apoptosis in response to tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha). (medscape.com)
  • In the skin, NF-KB regulates cell growth in the stratified epithelium and apoptosis. (medscape.com)
  • For apoptosis (programmed cell death), eyeballing the graph in the paper I estimate the IC 50 of around 75-100 μM. (scienceblogs.com)
  • Introduction: Breast Cancer with osteoclast-like stromal giant cells (OLGCs) is a rare pattern of invasive non-special type ductal carcinoma. (uniba.it)
  • however, most of these protocols require coculture with stromal cell lines. (uthscsa.edu)
  • We describe two simplified, novel methods of stromal cell-independent ES cell-derived osteoclast development. (uthscsa.edu)
  • Because of their phagocytic properties, osteoclasts are considered to be a component of the mononuclear phagocyte system (MPS). (wikipedia.org)
  • They contain osteocytes, which are special cells that maintain this matrix. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • Osteocytes were trapped inside these trabeculae, which contained osteoclast-like multinucleated cells and voluminous pavement cells with hyperchromatic nuclei, sometimes interpreted as osteoblasts. (bvsalud.org)
  • Pharmaceutical inhibition of osteoclast differentiation is a current therapeutic approach for the treatment of bone loss-related diseases. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Inhibition of osteoclast function reduces hematopoietic stem cell numbers in vivo. (ox.ac.uk)
  • However, PTH stimulates the osteoblasts to secrete the cytokine called osteoclast-stimulating factor, which is a potent stimulator of the osteoclastic activity. (wikipedia.org)
  • Assessment and management of undifferentiated carcinoma with osteoclastic like giant cells of the pancreas: a case report and revision of literature. (nih.gov)
  • Our findings demonstrate that osteoclast function is fundamental in the HSC niche. (ox.ac.uk)
  • The skin findings in incontinentia pigmenti represent changes in the epidermal cells. (medscape.com)
  • These findings demonstrate that estrogens decrease osteoclast number by attenuating respiration , and thereby, promoting mitochondrial apoptotic death of early osteoclast progenitors. (bvsalud.org)
  • Our study suggested that the ethanol extract of the root part of IKN suppressed osteoclast differentiation and function partly by downregulating the p38 MAPK/c-Fos/NFATc1 signaling pathways. (e-jbm.org)
  • Using a murine model of breast cancer metastasis to bone, we established that MCF-7 cells that overexpress PTHrP caused significantly more bone metastases, which were associated with increased osteoclast formation, elevated plasma PTHrP concentrations and hypercalcaemia compared with parental or empty vector controls. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Negative prognostic impact of PD-L1 expression in tumor cells of undifferentiated (anaplastic) carcinoma with osteoclast-like giant cells of the pancreas: study of 13 cases comparing ductal pancreatic carcinoma and review of the literature. (nih.gov)
  • This gene encodes a member of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) cytokine family which is a ligand for osteoprotegerin and functions as a key factor for osteoclast differentiation and activation. (nih.gov)
  • In addition to basic science investigations in such areas as tumor cell invasion, oncogenes, immunotherapy and genetic inheritance, our scientists and physicians participate in national cancer trials. (upstate.edu)
  • Is GCT (Giant Cell Tumor) Cancerous? (medicinenet.com)
  • Giant cell tumors (GCTs) are a type of bone tumor. (medicinenet.com)
  • What if, he posited, after a surgeon has removed a malignant tumor from a breast, the doctor can "coat the underlying tissue area with a capsaicin-based preparation to prevent any residual cells" from reproducing? (scienceblogs.com)
  • A rare variant of undifferentiated pancreatic carcinoma characterized by the presence of non-neoplastic osteoclast-like giant cells. (nih.gov)
  • Case report: Pathological and genetic features of pancreatic undifferentiated carcinoma with osteoclast-like giant cells. (nih.gov)
  • There are three main subtypes of NSCLC which are adenocarcinoma (~40% of cases), squamous cell carcinoma (~25-30% of cases), and large-cell carcinoma (~10-15% of cases). (hindawi.com)
  • The osteoclasts do not have receptors for parathyroid hormone (PTH). (wikipedia.org)
  • Osteoclasts can tightly attach to the bone matrix by integrin receptors to form a sealing zone, within which is a sequestered, acidified compartment. (medscape.com)
  • Data on adiponectin receptors (AdipoR1, -R2) in osteoclasts have shown discrepancies. (uea.ac.uk)
  • The fluorescence patterns were detected mainly at the periphery of the cells, and in the cytoplasm, showing a localized patchy pattern for both receptors. (uea.ac.uk)
  • Gallagher, James A. / Adiponectin receptors are present in RANK-L-induced multinucleated osteoclast-like cells . (uea.ac.uk)
  • Dying cells have been defined as apoptotic by distinguishing features, including cell contraction, nuclear fragmentation, blebbing, apoptotic body formation and maintenance of intact cellular membranes to prevent massive protein release and consequent inflammation. (nature.com)
  • We now know that severe inflammation - wherever it exists - causes the release of certain chemicals into the blood that activate cells in bone that can literally dissolve bone mineral. (spondylitis.org)
  • Long-standing inflammation also causes persistent activation of osteoclasts. (spondylitis.org)
  • The protein helps fight infection by promoting inflammation, regulating immune cell activity, and turning on various immune system cells that are necessary to fight off foreign invaders such as bacteria and viruses. (medlineplus.gov)
  • As a result, osteopontin is abnormally active, prolonging bone breakdown by osteoclasts and triggering abnormal inflammation and immune responses by immune cells. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Our studies revealed that nSP induced high ROS and pro-inflammatory cytokine production, and these cellular responses may induce excess osteoclast differentiation. (springer.com)
  • In this study, we aimed to demonstrate the effects of IKN on osteoclast differentiation in vitro and in vivo . (e-jbm.org)
  • Methodologically, the lab employs a wide spectrum of techniques ranging from in vitro biochemical and biophysical assays, to cell biology methods with primary cells and transformed cell lines, to light and electron microscopic techniques, to in vivo studies with genetically modified mouse models. (mcgill.ca)
  • Instead, using microarray analysis we have elucidated that ERα-mediated estrogen signaling in osteoclast progenitors decreases " oxidative phosphorylation " and the expression of mitochondria complex I genes . (bvsalud.org)
  • Cell surface sensors on immune cells that ordinarily recognize pathogen-associated molecular patterns produced by infectious agents may also interact with DAMPs, leading to the activation of signaling pathways resulting in a nonpathogen-induced 'sterile' inflammatory response. (nature.com)
  • This protein was shown to be a dentritic cell survival factor and is involved in the regulation of T cell-dependent immune response. (nih.gov)
  • Although a viral cause remains controversial, it is hypothesized that in genetically predisposed patients an as yet unidentified virus triggers abnormal osteoclast activity. (msdmanuals.com)
  • The aim of this study was to examine the effects of continuous treatment with CT on the generation of osteoclasts and calcitonin receptor (CTR) expression in mouse bone marrow cultures. (edu.au)
  • Osteoclast differentiation marker genes were analyzed by the quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis. (biomedcentral.com)
  • IKN administration decreased LPS-induced osteoclast formation in a calvarial osteolysis model in vivo . (e-jbm.org)
  • Osteoclasts are hematopoietic stem cell-derived cells that participate in bone turnover by secreting resorptive molecules such as hydrochloric acid and acidic proteases, which degrade the bone extracellular matrix. (uthscsa.edu)
  • p38, c-Jun N-terminal kinase, extracellular signal-regulated kinase), and phosphoinositide 3-kinase/Akt serine/threonine kinase (Akt) signaling pathways are known to be activated during osteoclast differentiation. (e-jbm.org)
  • The dynamics of cell-extracellular matrix interactions in normal and pathological situations. (mcgill.ca)
  • The Reinhardt laboratory is interested in components and mechanisms involved in the biogenesis, function and pathological aspects of the extracellular matrix and its interactions with cells. (mcgill.ca)
  • Periosteal stem cells (PSCs) and growth plate resting zone stem cells (RZSCs) critically contribute to intramembranous and endochondral bone formation, respectively. (nature.com)
  • cocultures with MCF-7 or MCF-7 cells transfected with pcDNAIneo required exogenous agents for osteoclast formation. (ox.ac.uk)
  • In addition to maintenance of membrane integrity, apoptotic cells can be discriminated from viable counterparts based on several morphological hallmarks, including cell contraction, nuclear condensation and fragmentation, and actomyosin contraction-dependent membrane blebbing and apoptotic body formation. (nature.com)
  • Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced osteoclast formation was performed using a mouse calvarial model. (e-jbm.org)
  • These may have dozens of nuclei, and typically express major osteoclast proteins but have significant differences from cells in living bone because of the not-natural substrate. (wikipedia.org)
  • We identified 231 proteins released from actomyosin contraction-dependent blebs and apoptotic bodies by adapted SILAC (stable isotope labeling with amino acids in cell culture) combined with mass spectrometry analysis. (nature.com)
  • This effect was abrogated in cells lacking Bak/Bax-two pro-apoptotic members of the Bcl-2 family of proteins required for mitochondrial apoptotic death . (bvsalud.org)
  • Breast Cancer Cells Interact with Osteoblasts to Support Osteoclast Formation1. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Geibel said he initially tested capsaicin on breast cancer cells in a culture to determine the dose and the best way to deliver it. (scienceblogs.com)
  • Capsaicin can indeed inhibit the growth of breast cancer cells, but it requires a high concentration. (scienceblogs.com)
  • Another paper found roughly the same thing for a number of breast cancer cell lines, an IC 50 ranging between 50 and 200 μM. (scienceblogs.com)
  • Mice treated with bisphosphonates exhibited a decrease in proportion and absolute number of Lin(-)cKit(+)Sca1(+) Flk2(-) (LKS Flk2(-)) and long-term culture-initiating cells in bone marrow (BM). (ox.ac.uk)
  • Compared to saline treatments, bone-resorbing osteoclasts and bone marrow osteoclast precursor populations were also increased in ODE-treated WT but not IL-6 KO mice. (cdc.gov)
  • Certain types of bones make your platelets, red blood cells, and white blood cells. (webmd.com)
  • These cells are made inside of your bones. (webmd.com)
  • Bones are made from three different kinds of cells and have three different layers. (webmd.com)
  • These are mature bone cells that help the bones of newborns mature. (webmd.com)
  • Bones that make blood cells. (webmd.com)
  • Giant cell tumors (GCTs) are benign (noncancerous) tumors that most commonly occur in the bones of the arms and legs. (medicinenet.com)
  • During bone remodeling, osteopontin is turned on (activated), allowing osteoclasts to attach (bind) to bones. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Osteoblasts are responsible for synthesizing bone matrix and thereby creating an environment that supports the growth, maturation, and function of osteoclasts. (medscape.com)
  • Within this mature population, we observed cells with distinct motility behaviors and function, with the relative proportion of static - bone resorptive (R) to moving - nonresorptive (N) varying in accordance with the pathophysiological conditions of the bone. (jci.org)
  • In suspension culture, embryonic stem (ES) cells grow into spherical embryoid bodies (EBs) and are useful for the study of specific gene products in the development and function of various tissue types. (uthscsa.edu)
  • Low estrogen levels affect how these cells function, making them produce too little new bone and not properly maintain bone structure. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • Immunoreceptor signaling during development, homeostasis, and effector function of T cells and NK cells. (upstate.edu)
  • When exploring the role of protein arginine methyltransferase 5 (PRMT5) in osteoclasts, we serendipitously developed a mouse model in which PSCs are specifically abrogated. (nature.com)
  • Prolia works by blocking a protein called RANK (receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa beta) and helps prevent bone cells called osteoclasts from breaking down bone in the body. (medlineplus.gov)
  • In contrast, the number of colony-forming-unit cells in BM was increased. (ox.ac.uk)
  • In contrast, a diffuse fluorescent pattern was detected in the cytoplasm of the cells with M-CSF alone. (uea.ac.uk)
  • In contrast to authentic osteoclasts, MNC reacted with a monoclonal antibody (Mo1) which identifies an antigen present on myeloblasts, monocytes, granulocytes, and null cells from human peripheral blood and bone marrow. (elsevierpure.com)
  • Therefore, we have examined the surface phenotype of MNC and compared it with that of osteoclasts freshly isolated from bone, to determine if MNC express similar surface antigens, and if MNC express antigens which identify their cellular origin. (elsevierpure.com)
  • These data demonstrate that MNC formed in long-term human marrow cultures express a similar surface phenotype to osteoclasts. (elsevierpure.com)