Cell gene mice knockout. Medical search. Frequent questions

The International Knockout Mouse Consortium (IKMC) is a scientific endeavour to produce a collection of mouse embryonic stem cell lines that together lack every gene in the genome, and then to distribute the cells to scientific researchers to create knockout mice to study. (wikipedia.org)
The researchers wanted to see whether "mature" cells that have differentiated to fulfil a specialised role (such as that of an udder cell or a fetal cell) could be returned to a primitive state from which they could grow into entire organisms. (newscientist.com)
Next, the researchers take cells containing donor genetic material. (newscientist.com)
Researchers can insert new genes into these or knock out existing genes with great precision. (newscientist.com)
Researchers find connective tissue has a crucial role to play in whether cancer cells metastasize. (the-scientist.com)
Gene editing can knock out genes crucial to cervical tumor cells' survival, researchers report. (the-scientist.com)
The researchers turned to monkeys for more insight into the capabilities of embryonic stem cells. (livescience.com)
Most experiments on stem cell therapies are based on mice, and the researchers wanted to understand whether primate embryonic stem cells respond the same way as those of mice do. (livescience.com)
To create the chimeric monkeys, researchers essentially glued together cells from individual rhesus monkey embryos and then implanting these mixed embryos into mama monkeys. (livescience.com)
The researchers first tried creating chimeric monkeys using the process for chimeric mice. (livescience.com)
The researchers guessed that the culturing somehow had changed these embryonic stem cells . (livescience.com)
Finally, the researchers hit on a successful method, using early blastocysts that had split into no more than four separate cells. (livescience.com)
The researchers isolated cells from the knockout mice and tested the cells' reactions to taxanes and two other anticancer drugs, vincristine and Ara-C. Compared to cells from normal mice that still possessed the gene for Abcc10, the knockout mouse cells were much more sensitive to the drugs. (news-medical.net)
For researchers in a developmental genetics laboratory, eliminating a gene has been an important step in learning what it does. (harvard.edu)
In this case, the researchers used a neat genetic trick called a conditional knockout to shut down the signaling of sonic hedgehog only in the neural crest cells. (harvard.edu)
Other researchers in the McMahon lab had discovered Wnt1 turns on only in neural crest precursor cells just before they migrate from the dorsal neural tube. (harvard.edu)
The results extend the findings from other researchers that sonic hedgehog regulates the proliferation and cell survival necessary for forming a face in chick embryos. (harvard.edu)
NEW YORK - Japanese researchers have engineered new variants of the gene-editing enzyme Cas12f that are as effective as the molecular scissors Cas9 but are only one-third of its size. (genomeweb.com)
Although the researchers discovered various potentially effective combinations for engineering an improved AsCas12f gene-editing system, they believe these may not have been the most optimal mixes. (genomeweb.com)
As a result, researchers have been able to develop thousands of mouse strains with mutations that mirror those seen in human genetic disease . (yourgenome.org)
Knock-out (and knock-in) mice, the workhorses of many a laboratory today, allow researchers to study the effects of removing (or inserting) a single gene. (nobelprize.org)
Even though the mice do not have a well-defined macula (a region of the retina that is richer in cones than other parts of the retina), Kellogg researchers hope that this mouse model will allow them to identify the molecules needed for cone function and survival. (sciencedaily.com)
As part of the study, researchers also examined the effect of age on cone function in the absence of rods, recording electrical activity in the retina of Nrl knockout mice at different times after birth. (sciencedaily.com)
A knockout mouse , or knock-out mouse , is a genetically modified mouse ( Mus musculus ) in which researchers have inactivated, or " knocked out ", an existing gene by replacing it or disrupting it with an artificial piece of DNA . (wikipedia.org)
By causing a specific gene to be inactive in the mouse, and observing any differences from normal behaviour or physiology, researchers can infer its probable function. (wikipedia.org)
Consequently, observing the characteristics of knockout mice gives researchers information that can be used to better understand how a similar gene may cause or contribute to disease in humans. (wikipedia.org)

The BOB.1 / OBF.1 / OCA-B protein (henceforth designated as BOB.1 / OBF.1) is a B cell-specific co-activator of the Oct1 and Oct2 transcription factors. (nih.gov)
Thus, these results demonstrate that BOB.1 / OBF.1 itself is a non-redundant protein in B cells and absolutely required for octamer-dependent transcriptional activity. (nih.gov)
Polycomb Group (PcG) proteins are a family of protein complex that regulate gene expression, especially repressing gene transcription [ 1 ]. (hindawi.com)
noted that BACH1 protein levels were increased in KPK cells compared with KP cells and that disruption of the NRF2-KEAP1 interaction with a small molecule inhibitor in KP cells could cause BACH1 protein to accumulate. (nature.com)
these authors noted that BACH1 protein levels were higher in NAC-K cells than con-K cells and that this could be reversed by the addition of haemin, a haem derivative. (nature.com)
Her rapporterer vi en rekombinationsmedieret kassette udveksling (RMCE) -baseret struktur-funktion tilgang i KO embryonale stamceller, som giver mulighed for den molekylære dissektion af forskellige funktionelle domæner eller varianter af et protein. (jove.com)
The fact that mice lacking the protein have no obvious health problems is encouraging, suggesting that Abcc10 inhibitors could be used in human patients without causing side effects that might be expected to result from interfering with the pump's normal functions. (news-medical.net)
The compact size of the new enzyme variants means that a greater quantity of the gene editing protein can be packaged into vectors such as adeno-associated viruses (AAVs) commonly used to infect living human cells requiring DNA editing. (genomeweb.com)
MTHFD1L expression is upregulated in human colon cancer and breast cancer, and high levels of this protein are correlated with growth rate of human cancer cell lines. (dcu.ie)
For example, this may mean the mouse starts to produce a new protein . (yourgenome.org)
Gene expression and protein level analysis through e.g. (fems-microbiology.org)
A team led by Anand Swaroop, Ph.D., professor of ophthalmology and vision research scientist at the University of Michigan Health System's Kellogg Eye Center, has demonstrated that the retinal protein Nrl is required for rod development and, in fact, acts as a "molecular switch," signaling the cells to develop into rods rather than cones. (sciencedaily.com)
To directly compare the specificity and efficacy of different Cre lines in mediating adipocyte specific recombination, transgenic Cre lines driven by the adipocyte protein 2 (aP2) and adiponectin (Adipoq) gene promoters, as well as a tamoxifen-inducible Cre driven by the aP2 gene promoter (iaP2), were bred to the Rosa26R (R26R) reporter. (diabetesjournals.org)
For example, the p53 knockout mouse is named after the p53 gene which codes for a protein that normally suppresses the growth of tumours by arresting cell division and/or inducing apoptosis. (wikipedia.org)
Within the field of Hematopoietic Stem Cells one trainee explored the impact of SGF29, a protein that recognizes methylated histones and modulates transcription, in leukemic cancer stem cells. (ca.gov)
Systemic responses were measured by serum protein profiling and microarray (Ingenuity pathway analysis and real-time RT-PCR confirmation) for whole blood cells, aorta and lung. (cdc.gov)
RESULTS: Our results showed that astragaloside IV significantly improved AOM/DSS-induced CAC mice by inhibiting colonic shortening, preventing intestinal mucosal damage, reducing the number of tumors and, the expression of Ki67 protein. (bvsalud.org)
We show that human and chimpanzee cells differentiate in a similar man¬ner and that the difference in interspecies protein abundance is higher than transcript-level differences, suggesting that post-transcriptional mechanisms play a role in the difference between human and chim¬panzee brain development. (lu.se)
Somatic mutations at the phosphotyrosine-binding pocket of the C-terminal SH2 domain of GTPase-activating protein RASA1 have been found in a subset of Basal-cell carcinoma (BCC) [Friedman, 1995]. (lu.se)
The gene affected encodes a SH2D1A protein consisting only of a SH2 domain and a short C-terminal tail [Sayos et al. (lu.se)
ZAP-70 deficiency is a rare autosomal recessive form of severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) caused by mutations in the gene coding for T cell receptor z-chain associated protein kinase [ Chan et al. (lu.se)
Noonan syndrome (NS) is caused by mutations in PTPN11 , a gene encoding the nonreceptor protein tyrosine phosphatase SHP2. (lu.se)

Changes in dietary fatty acids, specifically the polyunsaturated fatty acids of the ω-3 and ω-6 families and some derived eicosanoids from lipoxygenases, cyclooxygenases, and cytochrome P-450, seem to control the activity of transcription factor families involved in cancer cell proliferation or cell death. (springer.com)
In cardiac conditional Ezh2-knockout mice, cardiomyocyte proliferation was repressed, and the apoptosis process was induced [ 10 ]. (hindawi.com)
We previously found that PCLAF remodels the DREAM complex for cell quiescence exit and cell proliferation. (biorxiv.org)
It also enhances B cell survival, proliferation, and antibody production. (thermofisher.com)
QLα12 LacZ+/Cre+ mice showed no changes in podocyte number, apoptosis, proliferation or Rho/Src activation. (medscape.com)

If you were to pluck two cells from a chimeric mouse's body, you could get two different genomes - complete sets of chromosomes and genetic information. (livescience.com)
Due to compensatory genetic mechanisms, knockout status cannot be guaranteed and will have to be confirmed by the customer. (taconic.com)
Now, there are over 100 different inbred strains of mice, each with a different genetic background. (yourgenome.org)
Transgenic mice are mice that contain additional, artificially introduced genetic material in every cell. (yourgenome.org)
This additional genetic material either results in a gain or loss of function of a certain gene. (yourgenome.org)
Mario Capecchi and Oliver Smithies were both seeking ways of specifically altering the mammalian genome, Capecchi with a view to inserting new genes into cells and Smithies in the hope of correcting genetic defects that lead to disease. (nobelprize.org)
The technique allowed them to target individual genes with exquisite precision, producing the genetic alterations they sought, but only at the cellular level. (nobelprize.org)
Combining the two, by modifying genes in embryonic stem cells and then injecting those cells into fertilized mouse eggs, made it possible to rear mice with discrete genetic modifications that would be inherited between generations. (nobelprize.org)
Genetically-modified mice have therefore frequently helped to reveal a gene's function and, since mice and humans share a remarkable genetic similarity, they also serve as models of many human diseases. (nobelprize.org)
The genetic basis of this condition remains largely unknown, as no developmental genes other than paired box gene 6 ( PAX6 ) are known to be implicated in sporadic bilateral ONA. (molvis.org)
To understand regulation of gene expression and to delineate the function of mammalian genes, we routinely create transgenic & gene knockout mice by performing DNA microinjection into mouse eggs, and genetic manipulation of mouse embryonic stem cells. (ccmb.res.in)
They are widely used in knockout experiments, especially those investigating genetic questions that relate to human physiology . (wikipedia.org)
The presence of such variants in patients with myelodysplastic syndromes has important clinical repercussions for haematopoietic stem-cell transplantation, from donor selection and conditioning regimen to graft-versus-host disease prophylaxis and genetic counselling for relatives. (bvsalud.org)
which may render the genetic mate doses of NDMA is the kidney, but a Transplacental carcinogenesis rial of fetal cells highly accessible to much lower incidence of tumours is stu dies with ENU in nonhuman pri carcinogens. (who.int)

Lymphocyte activation gene 3 (LAG-3/CD223) is a CD4 homolog known to be selectively expressed in activated T and NK cells. (nih.gov)

To approach this question a CRISPR-Cas9 approach was used to delete the SGF29 gene and assess its impact on cellular growth. (ca.gov)

A modern mouse facility houses transgenic mice and other experimental mouse strains needed for creation of transgenic and gene knock-out mice. (ccmb.res.in)
Mouse knock-out strains demonstrated that T2D-associated candidates regulate glucose homeostasis and body composition in vivo. (lu.se)
There are several thousand different strains of knockout mice. (wikipedia.org)

Insulin produces the dephosphorylation of only a small subset of proteins at discrete locations, whereas PP1 is ubiquitously expressed and is found in virtually all cellular compartments, suggesting that mechanisms exist for the targeted regulation of PP1 in insulin-responsive cells that selectively permit activation of the enzyme only at these sites. (jci.org)
Using human arginase deficiency, a defect in the urea cycle, as a model system, Grody and his colleagues are exploring, in close collaboration with the laboratory of Dr. Stephen Cederbaum, the molecular structure and tissue-specific regulation of the arginase genes in health and disease. (uclahealth.org)
Activation of Btk results in a cascade of signaling events resulting in calcium mobilization and fluxes, cytoskeletal rearrangements, and transcriptional regulation involving nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB) and nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT). (medscape.com)

A year ago, we showed that you could do it with cells from embryos," says Wilmut. (newscientist.com)
Particularly valuable animals could be cloned from adult cells without the uncertainties of crossing them with other animals or tinkering with embryos. (newscientist.com)
More importantly, biotechnologists will for the first time be able to manipulate the genes of cells from farm animals directly before growing them into embryos. (newscientist.com)
But scientists have not managed to isolate such cells from farm animals, and must rely instead on injecting genes randomly into early embryos. (newscientist.com)
The key was mixing cells from very early-stage embryos, or blastocysts, that consisted of just two to four cells - each one of the cells still totipotent, capable of transforming into a whole animal as well as the placenta and other life-sustaining tissues. (livescience.com)
The mouse genetics laboratory includes well-furnished infrastructure for culture of embryonic stem cells, cryopreservation of embryos, micro-manipulation of embryos, animal surgery, construction of transgenes & gene knock-out vectors, identification of transgenic & knock-out mice, and analysis of gene expression. (ccmb.res.in)
To complement the in vivo system of chick embryos, we employ patient omics data, single cell RNA sequencing, human and mouse embryos, human cancer cell cultures, human pluripotent stem cells, chick embryo neural crest-derived in vitro crestosphere cultures, and zebrafish and mouse in vivo models. (lu.se)

III:2) and in unaffected I:1, containing three genes: exocyst complex component 6 ( EXOC6 ), cytochrome p450, subfamily XXVIA, polypeptide 1 ( CYP26A1 ), and cytochrome p450, subfamily XXVIC, polypeptide 1 ( CYP26C1 ). (molvis.org)

One clue to this dilemma has emerged from the identification of "targeting" subunits that allow for the compartmentalized activation of the phosphatase, resulting in the specific dephosphorylation of discrete pools of proteins within the cell. (jci.org)
Membrane proteins implicated in long-chain fatty acid uptake by mammalian cells: CD36, FATP and FABPm. (springer.com)
Alternative splicing of gene can generate multiple transcripts and proteins to regulate tissue and organ development [ 17 ]. (hindawi.com)
Their N-terminal hydrophilic domains may interact with cytoskeletal proteins and therefore play a cell structural role. (tcdb.org)
All AE proteins are hypothesized to share a similar topology in the cell membrane. (tcdb.org)
Myelinating Schwann cells form a myelin sheath around a single axon and express high levels of myelin-related proteins and messenger RNA (mRNA). (medscape.com)
We could identify 16 proteins which differed in knockout and wild type mice. (lu.se)

Blue squares indicate phenotypes directly attributed to mutations/alleles of this gene. (jax.org)
Better understanding of new mutations and the wide range of possible phenotypes led to the development of a new nomenclature proposal, based on the gene and inheritance pattern. (medscape.com)
The pathogenic condition has various phenotypes, including fulminant infectious mononucleosis, dysgammaglobulinemia and malignant B cell lymphomas [Purtilo et al. (lu.se)

We used primary acute myeloid leukemia (AML) samples and human AML cell lines to investigate the regulatory mechanisms of autophagy and its role in AML differentiation. (hindawi.com)
This article reviews the current knowledge and experimental research about the mechanisms by which fatty acids and their derivatives control specific gene expression involved during carcinogenesis. (springer.com)
Knowledge of the mechanisms by which fatty acids control specific gene expression may identify important risk factors for cancer and provide insight into the development of new therapeutic strategies for a better management of whole body lipid metabolism. (springer.com)
Different cell subtypes appear to employ different mechanisms to recognize viral products ( 8 ). (cdc.gov)
However, murine models, including knockout and transgenic mice, have been useful in understanding the mechanisms of B lymphopoiesis, B-cell differentiation, and antibody formation. (medscape.com)
Targeting activated Gα subunits to specific cells in vivo permits identification of downstream effector pathways independent of receptor activation, and thus permits insight into disease mechanisms otherwise impossible to study in vivo . (medscape.com)

As B cells express LAG-3 in a T cell dependent manner and not when activated by Toll-like-receptor agonists alone, we propose LAG-3 as a new marker of T cell induced B cell activation. (nih.gov)
Furthermore, activation of autophagy allows to extend cell survival when exposed to different types of stressors such as starvation or cytotoxic drugs. (hindawi.com)
Here we show that cell cycle progression through mitosis following double-stranded DNA breaks leads to the formation of micronuclei, which precede activation of inflammatory signalling and are a repository for the pattern-recognition receptor cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS). (nature.com)
Background: A major clinical feature of severe coronavirus diease 2019 (COVID-19) is microvascular thrombosis linked to endothelial cell activation. (imperial.ac.uk)
A second trainee examined the relationship between aging and the activation of adipocyte progenitor cells. (ca.gov)
To mimic activation of Gα12 pathways, constitutively active Gα12 (QL) was conditionally expressed in podocytes using Nphs2-Cre and LacZ/floxed QLα12 transgenic mice. (medscape.com)

Induction of pre-B cells with lipopolysaccharide led to increased Oct2 levels but did not significantly increase octamer-dependent transcription in BOB.1 / OBF.1-deficient B cells. (nih.gov)
New findings from the lab of MCB department chair Andrew McMahon, the Frank B. Baird Jr. Professor of Science, suggest that five members of the Fox family of transcription factors may work in different combinations to sculpt certain facial structures in mice. (harvard.edu)
So far, Jeong and her colleagues have identified up to nine different combinations of Fox transcription factors in the developing face that potentially cue neural crest cells to grow into distinct tissues in the proper positions, such as tongue, middle ear cartilage, or incisors. (harvard.edu)
From there, Jeong traced the sonic hedgehog signal to the Fox genes, a family of transcription factors that turn on other genes. (harvard.edu)
Exposed C57BL/6 mice exhibited a specific network of type I interferon signaling in blood cells and aorta from 4hr to 28d post-exposure The central component of the network was the transcription factor interferon regulatory factor 7 (Irf7), the master regulator of the type I interferon response. (cdc.gov)
STAT5B acts as a part of the growth hormone signalling pathway leading to stimulation of insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) gene transcription [Woelfle et al. (lu.se)

C57BL/6 mice were exposed for 10d to GMA-SS by inhalation (40mg/m3 for 3hr/day) and harvested 4hr, 14d and 28d post-exposure. (cdc.gov)

The mouse is closely related to humans with a striking similarity to us in terms of anatomy, physiology and genetics. (yourgenome.org)
The first recorded knockout mouse was created by Mario R. Capecchi , Martin Evans , and Oliver Smithies in 1989, for which they were awarded the 2007 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine . (wikipedia.org)

These mice have reduced glycogen stores in adipose tissue, liver, heart, and skeletal muscle, corresponding with decreased glycogen synthase activity and glycogen synthesis rate. (jci.org)

This is in contrast to pluripotent stem cells, which can differentiate into any tissue type in the body, but not certain embryonic tissues or entire organisms. (livescience.com)
City of Hope's Train, Educate and Accelerate Mastery of Stem cell research (TEAMS) program was built around four key areas of regenerative medicine research: Cancer Stem Cells, Hematopoietic Stem Cells, Tissue-Specific Stem Cells and Human Pluripotent Stem Cells. (ca.gov)
With the field of Human Pluripotent Stem Cells we supported four trainees. (ca.gov)
A second trainee examined the role of Sae2 in DNA replication, a critical step in growth and self-renewal of pluripotent stem cells. (ca.gov)
Firstly, we present a robust 2-week protocol for the differentiation of human pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) into forebrain neural progenitor cells. (lu.se)
No evidence of tumour formation was observed in the transplanted animals, a major concern when utilising a pluripotent cell source. (lu.se)

Gene knockout in rats is much harder and has only been possible since 2003. (wikipedia.org)

Exocyst Complex Member EXOC5 Is Required for Survival of Hair Cells and Spiral Ganglion Neurons and Maintenance of Hearing. (nih.gov)
Autophagy is an intracellular degradation system that ensures a dynamic recycling of a variety of building blocks required for self-renewal, homeostasis, and cell survival under stress. (hindawi.com)
Basal macroautophagy (thereafter referred to as autophagy), a catabolic recycling system in cells, is key to maintaining cellular homeostasis and survival. (hindawi.com)
While the importance of autophagy for cell homeostasis and survival has long been appreciated, its role in tumorigenesis and cancer progression is still developing [ 10 , 11 ]. (hindawi.com)
Of note, primary tumour growth as well as survival of the mice were unaffected by either treatment. (nature.com)
These mice appeared normal and healthy in every other respect, suggesting that Abcc10 is not essential for overall health and survival. (news-medical.net)

Moreover, genome instability was attributed to impaired autophagy and several autophagy genes with tumor suppressor functions (e.g. (hindawi.com)
Since identification of EZH2 in the research of protooncogene product Vav [ 3 ], studies have shown that EZH2 is highly expressed in tumorigenesis, which regulates the expression of tumor suppressor genes, such as in breast cancer, prostate cancer, and lung cancer [ 4 - 6 ]. (hindawi.com)
METHODS: We searched for drinks that reactivate the functions of tumor-suppressor retinoblastoma gene (RB) products and exert anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. (bvsalud.org)

At present, this is only possible with mice, using so-called embryonic stem cells. (newscientist.com)
The new technique means they will not need embryonic stem cells. (newscientist.com)
In this procedure, embryonic stem cells are injected into a host embryo after they have been cultured for as long as decades. (livescience.com)
These stem cells will mix with the host embryo's cells to produce tissues and organs and ultimately offspring. (livescience.com)
When these offspring are mated, the resulting offspring have cells derived solely from the implanted stem cells. (livescience.com)
We produced offspring that way and they didn't show any contribution of stem cells. (livescience.com)
The stem cells seemed to have gotten lost somewhere, he said. (livescience.com)
So they recovered stem cells from an embryo's inner cell mass (rather than from the freezer after being cultured) and, without culturing them, injected the stem cells into a host embryo. (livescience.com)
A second method involves introducing the transgenic DNA into embryonic stem cells (ES cells) derived from a mouse embryo at the very early stages of development. (yourgenome.org)
These early stem cells have the potential to become any cell type when introduced into another embryo . (yourgenome.org)
The embryonic stem cells need a host embryo in which to develop and this is isolated usually from a mouse with different colour fur. (yourgenome.org)
During development, retinal stem cells differentiate into photoreceptors in response to external and internal cues. (sciencedaily.com)
In addition, because the precursor, or stem, cells that give rise to rods and cones experience delays before expressing a specific cell type, there must be some additional cues that signal rod differentiation. (sciencedaily.com)
Swaroop explains that if scientists can understand these cues, they may eventually be able to guide the stem cells in the diseased retina of an adult eye to generate new rods. (sciencedaily.com)
Embryonic stem cells are isolated from a mouse blastocyst (a very young embryo ) and grown in vitro . (wikipedia.org)
For this example, we will take stem cells from a white mouse. (wikipedia.org)
The new sequence from step 1 is introduced into the stem cells from step 2 by electroporation . (wikipedia.org)
By the natural process of homologous recombination some of the electroporated stem cells will incorporate the new sequence with the knocked-out gene into their chromosomes in place of the original gene. (wikipedia.org)
Within the field of Cancer Stem Cells we had four trainees. (ca.gov)
Four trainees worked within the field of Tissue-Specific Stem Cells. (ca.gov)
Our first trainee focused on the impact of pseudouridine in coding and noncoding RNAs as an effector of glioblastoma stem cells (GSC) and the development of glioblastoma multiforme brain tumors. (ca.gov)
Our third trainee in this group focused on the generation of human artificial thymic organoids (ATO) from umbilical cord blood derived hematopoietic stem cells to allow for the study of T cell development. (ca.gov)
A potentially pre-clinical aspect of this thesis is detailed in paper №4 where I describe a robust protocol for the generation of functional mesDA neurons from human embryonic stem cells that are functional in a rat model of PD. (lu.se)
How do human human stem cells control their fate during exit from dormancy? (lu.se)

In humans, mutations in the L1 cell adhesion molecule are associated with a neurological syndrome termed CRASH, which includes corpus callosum agenesis, mental retardation, adducted thumbs, spasticity, and hydrocephalus. (jneurosci.org)
Kakkar, A.K. and Lefer, D.J. (2004) Leukocyte and endothelial adhesion molecule studies in knockout mice. (scirp.org)

Consistent with a reduction in ROS levels, NAC-K cells also exhibited downregulation of genes associated with antioxidant processes, in particular the target genes of NRF2 and BACH1. (nature.com)
PCLAF is expressed explicitly in pulmonary proliferative cells, along with the DREAM target genes. (biorxiv.org)

We found a significantly lower expression of key autophagy- (ATG-) related genes in primary AML as compared to healthy granulocytes, an increased autophagic activity during all- trans retinoic acid- (ATRA-) induced neutrophil differentiation, and an impaired AML differentiation upon inhibition of ATG3, ATG4D, and ATG5. (hindawi.com)
Furthermore, the decreased expression of the EZH2 gene is crucial for stem cell differentiation into specific cell lineages involved in myogenesis, adipogenesis, osteogenesis, neurogenesis, and haematopoiesis [ 9 ]. (hindawi.com)
A paper published electronically this week by Nature Genetics offers important new insights into the development and differentiation of rod and cone photoreceptors, the light-sensitive cells in the eye's retina that initiate vision and are essential for clear sight. (sciencedaily.com)
Using ATOs developed from different cell lines the trainee assessed the ability to support CD34+ differentiation. (ca.gov)

Genomewide copy number screening using microarray-based comparative genomic hybridization (arrayCGH) revealed a microdeletion of 10q23.33q23.33, potentially implicating the cytochrome p450, subfamily XXVIA, polypeptide 1 ( CYP26A1 ) and cytochrome p450, subfamily XXVIC, polypeptide 1 ( CYP26C1 ) genes encoding retinoic acid (RA)-degrading enzymes as novel candidate genes for ONA. (molvis.org)

Effect of dietary fatty acids on inflammatory gene expression in healthy humans. (springer.com)
So far, the expression pattern and the function of EZH2 have been broadly studied in humans [ 11 ] and mice [ 12 , 13 ]. (hindawi.com)
Mice are currently the laboratory animal species most closely related to humans for which the knockout technique can easily be applied. (wikipedia.org)
Humans share many genes with mice. (wikipedia.org)
Humans born with mutations that deactivate the p53 gene have Li-Fraumeni syndrome , a condition that dramatically increases the risk of developing bone cancers, breast cancer and blood cancers at an early age. (wikipedia.org)
Mouse models have milder disease than humans. (medscape.com)

Plasmalemmal Cl - -HCO3 - exchangers regulate intracellular pH and [Cl - ] and cell volume. (tcdb.org)
In this review, we summarize the current knowledge on the different intracellular pathways involved in the programming of Treg cell homeostasis and functions in cancer. (mdpi.com)
Most cells have intracellular sensors of viral products that, when activated, initiate a signaling cascade that results in transcriptional induction of the IFNβ gene. (cdc.gov)

Inflammatory gene expression following genotoxic cancer therapy is well documented, yet the events underlying its induction remain poorly understood. (nature.com)
Injecting the seasonal flu vaccine directly into clumps of malignant cells recruits immune cells to confront the cancer. (the-scientist.com)
There's a new cell-based cancer immunotherapy on the block. (the-scientist.com)
As tumours progress, the metabolic output of cancer cells is elevated, culminating in increased production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). (nature.com)
Jan 21, 2003 - Tues 12:30PM - Dr. Jack Taylor, NIEHS - Epidemiologic studies of DNA repair gene polymorphisms and cancer risk Dec 17, 2002 - Dr. John Tainer, UC Berkeley - Conformational Controls and DNA Repair Coordination - [Note: The posting of this talk will be delayed at the request of the speaker. (bio.net)
Transcriptional Control of Regulatory T Cells in Cancer: Toward Therapeutic Targeting? (mdpi.com)
Among immune cells, Foxp3 + regulatory T cells (Treg cells) are potent inhibitors of cancer immunity, and their presence within solid tumors is generally associated with a poor prognosis. (mdpi.com)
Thus, understanding how Treg cell identity is controlled, is of utmost importance for the development of novel anti-cancer therapies. (mdpi.com)
During his work, Clarence also carried out investigations into cancer and observed that many mouse tumours acted in the same way as human ones. (yourgenome.org)
Examples of research in which knockout mice have been useful include studying and modeling different kinds of cancer , obesity , heart disease , diabetes , arthritis , substance abuse , anxiety , aging and Parkinson's disease . (wikipedia.org)
One trainee focused on developing in vitro growth conditions to optimize expansion of luminal epithelial cells and c-KIT+ progenitor cells to explore the early stages of breast cancer. (ca.gov)
Two students focused on establishing transgenic mouse models to explore the impact of androgen receptor, hepatocyte growth factor and human c-MET on the development of prostate cancer tumors. (ca.gov)
Understanding the activity of this gene will allow for an improved understanding of how cells can survive DNA damage leading to genomic rearrangements that support the initial stages of tumorgenesis and subsequent cancer development. (ca.gov)
The ultimate goal is to use ATOs to develop cancer fighting T cells for immunotherapy applications. (ca.gov)

In the motor, somatosensory, and visual cortex, many pyramidal neurons in layer V exhibited undulating apical dendrites that did not reach layer I. The hippocampus of L1 mutant mice was smaller than normal, with fewer pyramidal and granule cells. (jneurosci.org)
Enlarged ventricles and septal abnormalities were also features of the mutant mouse brain. (jneurosci.org)
The phenotype of the L1 mutant mouse indicates that it is a potentially valuable model for the human CRASH syndrome. (jneurosci.org)
RNA sequencing of cell lines generated from KP and KPK lung tumours revealed upregulation of metastatic genes in Keap1 mutant cells. (nature.com)
In the new mutant mice, a planted bacterial phage enzyme turns on with Wnt1, which excises a gene necessary for cells to respond to the hedgehog signal. (harvard.edu)
A minimum of four (4) mutant mice, heterozygous for the selected mutation on a mixed 129S5;B6 background. (taconic.com)

Limb-girdle muscular dystrophy type 2A is an autosomal recessive disorder generated by inactivating mutations in the gene coding for the muscle specific protease calpain-3. (lu.se)
X-linked agammaglobulinemia (XLA) is an immunodeficiency caused by mutations in the gene coding for Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK) [Väliaho et al. (lu.se)

In apoE-/- mice, pulmonary inflammation, serum levels of IL-1â and MAC-3 and blood cell expression of Irf7 were increased post-GMA-SS exposure. (cdc.gov)

They took individual cells out of these clumps and aggregated them back together, mixing and matching between three and six individuals to create 29 new blastocysts. (livescience.com)
Blastocysts containing cells, that are both wildtype and knockout cells, are injected into the uterus of a foster mother. (wikipedia.org)

The MTHFD1L gene encodes the mitochondrial monofunctional enzyme with proven 10-formyltetrahydrofolate synthetase activity. (dcu.ie)

Acts upstream of with a negative effect on epithelial cell apoptotic process. (nih.gov)
CONCLUSION: Astragaloside IV can activate PPARÎ³ signaling in intestinal epithelial cells and reduces DNA damage caused by intestinal inflammation, thereby inhibiting colon tumourigenesis. (bvsalud.org)

We demonstrated for the first time that gene silencing of endothelial E-selectin using siRNA transfection in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) causes inhibition of EPC adhesion under flow conditions. (scirp.org)
The majority of VWF is synthesized by endothelial cells (ECs) and stored in Weibel-Palade bodies (WPB). (imperial.ac.uk)
The Adipoq-Cre exhibited no observable recombination in any other tissues examined, whereas both aP2-Cre lines resulted in recombination in endothelial cells of the heart and nonendothelial, nonmyocyte cells in the skeletal muscle. (diabetesjournals.org)

Happily, the embryonic stem cell cultures that Martin Evans was then developing provided the necessary vehicle for taking such gene manipulations from the Petri dish into the whole animal. (nobelprize.org)

The cells never fuse, but they stay together and work together to form tissues and organs," said Shoukhrat Mitalipov of the Oregon National Primate Research Center at Oregon Health & Science University. (livescience.com)
Here, we identified the coding sequence of the EZH2 gene and characterized its expression pattern in fetal tissues of Duroc pigs at 65- and 90-day postcoitus (dpc). (hindawi.com)
Objective Mitogen-inducible gene 6 (MIG-6) regulates epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signaling in synovial joint tissues. (bepress.com)
ENU during the final week of gestat the rapidly changing patterns of gene In both the fetus and the pregnant ion is approximately 50 times that of expression in fetal target tissues, female rat, the target organ for single the mother. (who.int)

Although young PTG heterozygous mice initially demonstrate normal glucose tolerance, progressive glucose intolerance, hyperinsulinemia, and insulin resistance develop with aging. (jci.org)
Insulin resistance in older PTG heterozygous mice correlates with a significant increase in muscle triglyceride content, with a corresponding attenuation of insulin receptor signaling. (jci.org)
White heterozygous mice can subsequently be crossed to produce mice that are homozygous for the knocked out gene. (wikipedia.org)

After growing and dividing for a week or so in a laboratory culture dish, the fused cell forms an early embryo called a blastocyst, which Wilmut's team implants into a surrogate mother. (newscientist.com)
Utilizing modern molecular biologic techniques such as the polymerase chain reaction, gene cloning and gene transfer, Dr. Wayne Grody's laboratory is involved in the elucidation, diagnosis and ultimately the treatment of single-gene defects at the molecular level. (uclahealth.org)
Working against a background of skepticism, they independently discovered that they could use a natural mechanism, revealed decades before by Joshua Lederberg in bacteria, to introduce short sequences of manipulated DNA into the chromosomes of mammalian cells growing in the laboratory. (nobelprize.org)
Over the years, his laboratory has shown that Nrl is a key molecule, which controls the expression of rod-specific genes, including rhodopsin, the visual pigment contained in rods. (sciencedaily.com)
A laboratory mouse in which a gene affecting hair growth has been knocked out (left) is shown next to a normal lab mouse. (wikipedia.org)

1998]. XLP patients exhibit immune defects such as abnormal natural killer and T cell mediated cytotoxicity. (lu.se)

Low PU.1 expression in AML may account for low ATG gene expression in this disease. (hindawi.com)
Click on a disease name to see all genes associated with that disease. (jax.org)
Investigation of the human folate gene MTHFD1L: polymorphisms and disease risk. (dcu.ie)
Minguzzi, Stefano (2013) Investigation of the human folate gene MTHFD1L: polymorphisms and disease risk. (dcu.ie)
The spatiotemporal orchestration of stem/progenitor cells is essential for lung regeneration, the failure of which leads to lung disease, including fibrosis. (biorxiv.org)
Shane Grealish: Cell Replacement Therapy for Parkinson's Disease: The Importance of Neuronal Subtype, Cell Source and Connectivity for Functional Recovery. (lu.se)

EZH2, a methyltransferase catalyzing H3K27me3, has been abundantly studied in human and mouse embryonic development. (hindawi.com)
They also used the enhanced gene editors on human cell lines, which demonstrated their potential for in vivo gene therapies, especially for diseases such as hemophilia, they noted. (genomeweb.com)
When compared with the human genome it was found that the two genomes were of similar size and almost every gene in the human genome has a counterpart in the mouse. (yourgenome.org)
Almost every gene in the human genome has a counterpart in the mouse. (yourgenome.org)
Clarence Little observed that many mouse tumours acted in the same way as human ones. (yourgenome.org)
Procurement and maintenance of transgenic and knock-out mouse models of human diseases where such animals are available elsewhere without restriction and provide facility and expertise to use the same in drug screening. (ccmb.res.in)
Development of new transgenic and gene knock-out mice models of human diseases. (ccmb.res.in)
Most DEGs were expressed in human β-cells based on single-cell RNA-sequencing data. (lu.se)
Overall, we identified molecular alterations in human pancreatic islets contributing to β-cell dysfunction in T2D pathophysiology. (lu.se)
To circumvent these obstacles, we have developed two methods for the investigation of human neural cells in culture. (lu.se)
Animal models of human BTK mutations are confined to mice at this time. (medscape.com)
Use of human fetal tissue raises several ethical issues, but are there alternative cell sources that can substitute effectively? (lu.se)

The main reason for developing small-sized enzymes was due to the size limitations of AAVs and the limited gene editing cargo that can fit into them. (genomeweb.com)
Subsequent experiments in mice using the new enzymes, packaged with partner genes in an AAV, confirmed efficient knock-in and knockout effects. (genomeweb.com)
These genes provide instructions for making enzymes that each carry out one step of the multistep process to break down methionine. (medlineplus.gov)

Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) are bone marrow-derived haematopoietic progenitor cells that have been implicated in vasculogenesis. (scirp.org)
Nishiwaki, Y., Yoshida, M., Masuda, H. and Isobe, M. (2004) Recruitment of bone marrow-derived endothelial progenitor cells to vascular endothelium involves E-selectin dependent mechanism. (scirp.org)

Members of both the SLC4 and SLC26 mammalian gene families encode Na + -independent Cl - -HCO3 - exchangers. (tcdb.org)

also made use of the K and KP mouse models. (nature.com)
The knockout models are designed to be null alleles. (taconic.com)
Work with mice (e.g. xenograft models). (fems-microbiology.org)
Breeding of currently available transgenic and knock-out mouse models. (ccmb.res.in)
They are important animal models for studying the role of genes which have been sequenced but whose functions have not been determined. (wikipedia.org)
[3] Many mouse models are named after the gene that has been inactivated. (wikipedia.org)
Other mouse models are named according to their physical characteristics or behaviours. (wikipedia.org)
2003]. The absence of STAT5B is associated with diminished post-natal growth, as demonstrated by mouse knockout models [Udy et al. (lu.se)

For most lines, the mouse ES cells used in generating the model are of the 129S5 strain. (taconic.com)
Working with Swaroop, research investigator Alan J. Mears, Ph.D., deleted the gene that makes Nrl in mice, creating an Nrl-knockout strain that developed a retina without rod photoreceptors. (sciencedaily.com)

Swaroop believes that the Nrl knockout mouse - that is, the mouse bred to have only cone cells - can be used to investigate this behavior. (sciencedaily.com)
One student explored the impact of modulating the cohesion complex on the growth and behavior of insulin-producing -cell. (ca.gov)

This resulted in the hormone-dependent transcriptional activity of octamer-dependent reporters in these cells. (nih.gov)
To counterbalance oxidative stress and ensure redox homeostasis, a subgroup of non-small-cell lung cancers acquire stabilizing mutations in NFE2L2 , the gene encoding NRF2, the transcriptional regulator of the cellular antioxidant response, and inactivating mutations in its negative regulator, KEAP1. (nature.com)
The transcriptional regulator BACH1 negatively controls the expression of antioxidant genes, counteracting NRF2 activity. (nature.com)
Searching for a transcriptional driver that might be responsible for the gene enrichment led to the identification of NRF2 and BACH1. (nature.com)
Their mutagenic potential and gene regulatory effect have shaped the evolution of transcriptional networks involved in development, pluripotency, and inflammation. (lu.se)

Cell lines derived from tumours of control and NAC-treated K mice (con-K and NAC-K hereafter) were then used to gain a mechanistic understanding of the pro-metastatic antioxidant effects. (nature.com)

After gene manipulation, we further investigated the characteristics of cellular HMGB1 in HEI-OC1 cells. (frontiersin.org)

Trp53 fl/fl (KP) mouse model of lung adenocarcinoma. (nature.com)
They found that supplementing the diet of lung tumour-bearing mice with either a pharmacological or dietary antioxidant, N -acetylcysteine (NAC) and vitamin E respectively, was sufficient to increase the amount of lymph node metastases relative to untreated control mice. (nature.com)
Both studies then confirmed that BACH1 stabilization could drive metastasis by showing that subcutaneous implantation of Bach1 -depleted KP or KPK cells decreased lung metastases and that intravenous injection of Bach1 -deficient NAC-K cells inhibited metastasis to the lung. (nature.com)
Pclaf expression and Pclaf-expressing cells were acutely increased upon lung injury. (biorxiv.org)
Intriguingly, Pclaf knock-out mice exhibited lung fibrosis resulting from alveolar type I (AT1) cell loss. (biorxiv.org)
Our study unveils an unexpected role of the PCLAF-DREAM axis in controlling alveolar cell plasticity for lung regeneration and proposes a viable option for lung fibrosis prevention. (biorxiv.org)
One Sentence Summary PCLAF-DREAM-driven cell plasticity is essential for lung regeneration, pharmacologically manipulated as a preventive strategy for lung fibrosis. (biorxiv.org)

Studies in yeast have identified a series of autophagy- (ATG-) related genes forming the autophagy machinery. (hindawi.com)

During embryogenesis, most structures in the face in fact come from one cell type, called neural crest cells," says graduate student Juhee Jeong, first author of the paper in the April 15 Genes & Development . (harvard.edu)

As one of the two distinct complexes, namely, Polycomb Repressive Complex 1 (PRC1) and PRC2, PRC2 mediates gene silencing by modulating chromatin structure [ 2 ]. (hindawi.com)

This enables cells to communicate and respond to external environments, maintain cellular homeostasis, and transduce signals. (mdpi.com)
The higher cell viability observed in the HMGB1 knocked-down group after stimulation with H 2 O 2 indicated the possible negative effect of HMGB1 on cellular lifespan. (frontiersin.org)
These modifications led a reduction of cellular growth as compared to a control population of untreated cells. (ca.gov)

Conditional gene targeting has been extensively used for in vivo analysis of gene function in adipocyte cell biology but often with debate over the tissue specificity and the efficacy of inactivation. (diabetesjournals.org)

In this investigation, we considered the effect of PrP gene knock-out (PrP0/0) on cerebellar neural circuits and in particular on granule cells, which show intense PrP expression during development and selective affinity for PrP. (amrita.edu)
The results also demonstrate that a famous signaling molecule, sonic hedgehog, is essential for neural crest cells to grow and form normal faces. (harvard.edu)
The story begins with the neural crest cells, a type of precursor cell unique to vertebrates. (harvard.edu)
Neural crest cells eventually form many parts of the head, pigment cells in the skin, and neurons in the peripheral nervous system. (harvard.edu)
These cancers originate from cells of the sympathetic nervous system (SNS), in turn derived from the transient embryonic neural crest stem cell population. (lu.se)

A transgenic mouse is usually created in one of two ways. (yourgenome.org)

Anatomy5

Organisms5

Diseases2

Chemicals and Drugs3

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment8

Phenomena and Processes8

Information Science1

Researchers26

Protein22

Proliferation5

Genetic14

Lymphocyte Activation1

Cas91

Strains3

Regulation3

Embryos7

Exocyst complex component1

Proteins7

Phenotypes3

Mechanisms6

Activation6

Transcription6

C57BL1

Physiology2

Adipose tissue1

Pluripotent6

Rats1

Survival6

Tumor suppressor3

Stem cells24

Adhesion molecule2

Target genes2

Differentiation4

Candidate genes1

Humans6

Intracellular3

Cancer14

Mutant6

Mutations in the gene2

Pulmonary1

Blastocysts2

Encodes1

Epithelial2

Endothelial cells3

Embryonic stem1

Tissues4

Heterozygous mice3

Laboratory5

19981

Disease6

Human12

Enzymes3

Progenitor2

Mammalian gene1

Models8

Strain2

Behavior2

Transcriptional5

Metastatic1

Investigated the characteristics1

Lung7

Autophagy1

Embryogenesis1

Chromatin Structure1

Cellular3

Vivo1

Neural5

Transgenic mouse1