Cdk4 retinoblastoma protein. Medical search. Frequent questions

Additionally, the mRNA and protein expression of cyclin D1, cyclin-dependent kinase 4 (CDK4) and retinoblastoma protein (pRb), was further down-regulated under exposure to lovastatin in condition of BRCA1 overexpression, but the expression of p21WAF1/CIP1, a cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor (CDKI), was further up-regulated, both in vitro and in vivo detected with quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and Western blot analysis. (nih.gov)
PTEN encodes a protein kinase of the same name and functions as a tumor suppressor through regulation of cell proliferation. (medscape.com)
Structural and biochemical data revealed that binding of phosphorylated p27 (phosp27) to CDK4 altered the kinase adenosine triphosphate site to promote phosphorylation of the retinoblastoma tumor suppressor protein (Rb) and other substrates. (rcsb.org)
Our data characterize phosp27-CDK4-CycD1 as an active Rb kinase that is refractory to clinically relevant CDK4/6 inhibitors. (rcsb.org)
RAF proto-oncogene serine/threonine-protein kinase or proto-oncogene c-RAF is an enzyme encoded by the RAF1 gene. (globaldata.com)
The RAF Proto Oncogene Serine, Threonine Protein Kinase (Proto Oncogene c RAF or RAF1 or EC 2.7.11.1) pipeline drugs market research report provides comprehensive information on the RAF Proto Oncogene Serine/Threonine Protein Kinase (Proto Oncogene c RAF or RAF1 or EC 2.7.11.1) targeted therapeutics, complete with analysis by indications, stage of development, mechanism of action (MoA), route of administration (RoA), and molecule type. (globaldata.com)
This kinase is a catalytic subunit of the protein kinase complex that is important for cell cycle G1 phase progression and G1/S transition. (cancerindex.org)
This kinase, as well as CDK4, has been shown to phosphorylate, and thus regulate the activity of, tumor suppressor protein Rb. (cancerindex.org)
2. E2F is released when RB is phosphorylated by the cyclinD/cyclin-dependent kinase 4 (CDK4) complex, 3. (ctsqena.com)
The cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitors p21 and p16 inhibit the activity of CDKs, such as CDK4. (medscape.com)
Catalytic domain of Cyclin-Dependent protein Kinase 4 and 6-like Serine/Threonine Kinases. (umbc.edu)
Serine/Threonine Kinases (STKs), Cyclin-dependent protein kinase 4 (CDK4) and CDK6-like subfamily, catalytic (c) domain. (umbc.edu)
The CDK4/6-like subfamily is part of a larger superfamily that includes the catalytic domains of other protein STKs, protein tyrosine kinases, RIO kinases, aminoglycoside phosphotransferase, choline kinase, and phosphoinositide 3-kinase. (umbc.edu)
Our results indicated that the activation of cyclinD1-CDK4 is required for short-term synaptic plasticity and mGluR-dependent LTD, and suggested that this cyclin-dependent kinase may have different roles during the postnatal development in mice hippocampus area CA1. (biomedcentral.com)
Cyclin D1, a member of the G1 cyclins, plays an important role in the G1 phase progression of the cell cycle in proliferating cells via activation of cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (CDK2), CDK4, or CDK6. (biomedcentral.com)
CDK4 is a member of the Ser/Thr protein kinase family. (thermofisher.com)
This kinase was shown to be responsible for the phosphorylation of retinoblastoma gene product (Rb). (thermofisher.com)
The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the Ser/Thr protein kinase family. (ayassbioscience.com)
Ser/Thr-kinase component of cyclin D-CDK4 (DC) complexes that phosphorylate and inhibit members of the retinoblastoma (RB) protein family including RB1 and regulate the cell-cycle during G(1)/S transition. (ayassbioscience.com)
Cells that were treated with esculetin showed increased binding of p21 with Cdk2 and Cdk4 that was paralleled by a marked decrease in the Cdk2 and Cdk4 kinase activities with no change in their expression. (dsmc.or.kr)
Serine/Threonine Kinases (STKs), Cyclin-dependent protein kinase 2 (CDK2) and CDK3 subfamily, catalytic (c) domain. (umbc.edu)
The CDK2/3 subfamily is part of a larger superfamily that includes the catalytic domains of other protein STKs, protein tyrosine kinases, RIO kinases, aminoglycoside phosphotransferase, choline kinase, and phosphoinositide 3-kinase. (umbc.edu)
The various markers that enable assessment of the progression of preneoplastic lesions to spindle cell carcinoma include the p16 protein, which halts the cell cycle and induces apoptosis by pRb-mediated phosphorylation of cyclin-dependent kinase 4 (CDK4). (bvsalud.org)

Low expression of CDK6 protein in ZR-75-1, Neuro-2a, and INS-1 cells is consistent with the predicted expression pattern. (cellsignal.com)
Immunoprecipitation of CDK6 protein from Jurkat cell extracts. (cellsignal.com)
Palbociclib instead primarily targeted monomeric CDK4 and CDK6 (CDK4/6) in breast tumor cells. (rcsb.org)
It is a specific inhibitor of cdk4/cdk6, and a tumor suppressor involved in the pathogenesis of a variety of malignancies. (neobiotechnologies.com)
Acts as a negative regulator of the proliferation of normal cells by interacting strongly with CDK4 and CDK6. (neobiotechnologies.com)
CDK4 and CDK6 partner with D-type cyclins to regulate the early G1 phase of the cell cycle. (umbc.edu)
CDK4 and CDK6 are both expressed ubiquitously, associate with all three D cyclins (D1, D2 and D3), and phosphorylate the retinoblastoma (pRb) protein. (umbc.edu)
CDK4 and CDK6 show differences in subcellular localization, sensitivity to some inhibitors, timing in activation, tumor selectivity, and possibly substrate profiles. (umbc.edu)
Although CDK4 and CDK6 seem to show some redundancy, they also have discrete, nonoverlapping functions. (umbc.edu)
D-cyclin-cdk activity is required for Rb phosphorylation in v-Jun-transformed cells, since ectopic expression of the cdk4- and cdk6-specific inhibitor p16(INK4A) inhibits both DNA synthesis and cell proliferation. (ox.ac.uk)

Surprisingly, purified and endogenous phosp27-CDK4-CycD1 complexes were insensitive to the CDK4-targeting drug palbociclib. (rcsb.org)
A subset (1C5%) of ASD situations provides gene mutations in regulatory proteins upstream from the signaling complexes termed the mammalian focus on of rapamycin (mTOR) (4, 40). (tecnoetica.org)
The mammalian cell cycle is divided into four distinct phases: G1, S, G2, and M. The transition from G1 to S and G2 to M is tightly controlled by a set of protein complexes containing cyclin-dependent kinases (Cdks) and cyclins. (temple.edu)
In G1-phase, Cdk4/6 and Cdk2 bind to and form complexes with D-type and E-type cyclins, respectively. (temple.edu)
The active Cdk-cyclin complexes phosphorylate retinoblastoma proteins (pRb), enabling transcription of E2F-reponsive genes necessary for S-phase transition. (temple.edu)
The p16INK4A protein is a cell-cycle inhibitor that acts by inhibiting activated cyclin D:CDK4/6 complexes, which play a crucial role in the control of the cell cycle by phosphorylating Rb protein. (medscape.com)
The cyclinD/CDK4/6 complexes induce the phosphorylation of retinoblastoma (Rb) protein and the release of E2F, which trigger G1 cell cycle progression. (biomedcentral.com)
Cyclin D-CDK4 complexes are major integrators of various mitogenenic and antimitogenic signals. (ayassbioscience.com)

In order to enter S phase, cells must sequentially activate CDK4/6 and CDK2. (shu.edu)
CDK2 is regulated by cyclin E or cyclin A. Upon activation by cyclin E, it phosphorylates the retinoblastoma (pRb) protein which activates E2F mediated transcription and allows cells to move into S phase. (umbc.edu)
CDK2, together with CDK4, also regulates embryonic cell proliferation. (umbc.edu)
v-Jun overrides the mitogen dependence of S-phase entry by deregulating retinoblastoma protein phosphorylation and E2F-pocket protein interactions as a consequence of enhanced cyclin E-cdk2 catalytic activity. (ox.ac.uk)
In particular, hormonal activation of a conditional v-Jun-estrogen receptor fusion protein in quiescent, growth factor-deprived cells stimulates cyclin E-cdk2 activity and triggers Rb phosphorylation and DNA synthesis. (ox.ac.uk)

Cyclins and cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) form a complex which phosphorylates proteins that drive the cell through the cell cycle. (ctsqena.com)
For example, the cvclinD/CDK4 complex phosphorylates the retinoblastoma protein, which promotes progression through the G^S checkpoint. (ctsqena.com)
The CDK4-cyclinD complex normally phosphorylates the retinoblastoma protein (Rb protein), leading to release of the E2F transcription factor and cell cycle progression. (medscape.com)
Regulatory component of the cyclin D2-CDK4 (DC) complex that phosphorylates and inhibits members of the retinoblastoma (RB) protein family including RB1 and regulates the cell-cycle during G(1)/S transition. (cusabio.cn)

The activity of CDKs is controlled by their binding to coactivator subunits termed Cyclins, as well as by CDK inhibitory proteins termed CKIs. (intechopen.com)
This inhibits their ability to interact with cyclins D and to phosphorylate the retinoblastoma protein. (neobiotechnologies.com)
Cell-cycle-related proteins, such as cyclins or cyclin-dependent kinases, may have functions beyond that of cell cycle regulation. (biomedcentral.com)
Mutations in this gene as well as in its related proteins including D-type cyclins, p16(INK4a) and Rb were all found to be associated with tumorigenesis of a variety of cancers. (thermofisher.com)

The first mutation of RB1 in cases of retinoblastoma can be either constitutional or somatic, whereas the second mutation is always somatic. (medscape.com)
Sporadic mutation (both hits are somatic) is characterized by unilateral retinoblastoma (Fig. 3,1). (ctsqena.com)
ii, Germline mutation results in familial retinoblastoma (2nd hit is somatic), characterized by bilateral retinoblastoma and osteosarcoma. (ctsqena.com)
The Cdk4-R24C mutation was initially identified in familial melanomas. (temple.edu)

Cdk4-mediated phosphorylation of Rb protein is inhibited by p16, a product of a possible tumor suppressor gene. (nih.gov)

Our results suggest that BRCA1 overexpression sensitizes cancer cells to lovastatin via regulation of cyclin D1-CDK4-p21WAF1/CIP1 pathway, which will provide an innovative experimental framework to study control of breast cancer cell proliferation. (nih.gov)
Tumor suppressor genes encode proteins that normally provide negative control of cell proliferation. (medscape.com)
The p27 protein is a canonical negative regulator of cell proliferation and acts primarily by inhibiting cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs). (rcsb.org)
We show that a combination of MEK and CDK4/6 inhibitors that target KRAS-directed oncogenic signaling can suppress PDAC proliferation through induction of retinoblastoma (RB) protein-mediated senescence. (visualsonics.com)
This defect in proliferation may be a result of a decreased level of pRb phosphorylation at Cdk4 consensus site. (temple.edu)
Taken together, these findings suggest that Cdk4 plays an important role in thymocyte proliferation and development in mice. (temple.edu)
Cyclin D1 and CDK4/6 are downstream of signaling pathways which lead to cellular proliferation. (shu.edu)
MiR-497 significantly suppressed cell proliferation by arresting the cell cycle through the CCND2 protein. (cusabio.cn)
Many strikingly miR-17 -20 and -106b had been found to market cell proliferation by raising the intracellular activity of E2F transcription elements even though miR-17 -20 and -106b straight focus on the transcripts that encode because of this proteins family members. (techblessing.com)

Protein kinases represent promising anticancer drug targets. (rcsb.org)
We found that p27, when phosphorylated by tyrosine kinases, allosterically activated CDK4 in complex with cyclin D1 (CDK4-CycD1). (rcsb.org)
The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the CMGC family of serine/threonine protein kinases. (cancerindex.org)

[ 3 ] Loss of function mutations in this gene are implicated in pediatric retinoblastoma. (medscape.com)
In contrast, both mutations in nonhereditary retinoblastoma are somatic. (medscape.com)
Scope includes mutations and abnormal protein expression. (cancerindex.org)
Knudson first proposed that two hits, or mutations, are required for the development of retinoblastoma. (medscape.com)

The accumulation of both Cyclin and CKI proteins is tightly regulated at the level of transcription. (intechopen.com)
We also observed that down-regulation of the phosphorylation of retinoblastoma protein (pRB) by this compound was associated with enhanced binding of pRB and the transcription factor E2F-1. (dsmc.or.kr)

STKs catalyze the transfer of the gamma-phosphoryl group from ATP to serine/threonine residues on protein substrates. (umbc.edu)

Western Blot: cleaved Retinoblastoma 1 Antibody (172C1094) [NB100-56598] - Analysis in HL60 cells were treated with camptothecin for 24 hours. (novusbio.com)

Mice homozygous for the Cdk4-R24C allele develop spontaneous tumors and die earlier than their wild-type counterparts. (temple.edu)
Immunohistochemistry: cleaved Retinoblastoma 1 Antibody (172C1094) [NB100-56598] - Analysis in sections of primary human breast tumors. (novusbio.com)
Conclusion: p63, p16, MIB, Cal A, Cys A are markedly expressed and p16 is strongly suppressed in oral cavity tumors, which suggests that the latter protein may play a role in negative regulation of cell cycle progression. (bvsalud.org)

this is augmented by GTPase activating protein, v. Mutated ras inhibits the activity of GTPase activating protein. (ctsqena.com)

Like Rb protein, many of the proteins encoded by tumor suppressor genes act at specific points in the cell cycle. (medscape.com)
This domain occurred 402 times on human genes ( 935 proteins). (umbc.edu)

Then, the inhibitory activity of lovastatin on cancer cells and tumoral xenografts, and the underlying mechanism involving in cell-cycle regulatory proteins were analyzed. (nih.gov)

The expression and translocation of cyclinD1-CDK4 in post-mitotic neurons indicate that they may have supplementary functions in differentiated neurons that might be associated with neuronal plasticity. (biomedcentral.com)
Component of the ternary complex, cyclin D/CDK4/CDKN1B, required for nuclear translocation and activity of the cyclin D-CDK4 complex. (ayassbioscience.com)

The Drosophila retinoblastoma protein, Rbf1, induces a debcl and drp1 -dependent mitochondrial apoptosis. (sdbonline.org)
Both proteins can localize at the mitochondrion , but the way they control apoptosis still remains unclear. (sdbonline.org)
These results provide a mechanism by which Drosophila Bcl-2 family proteins can control apoptosis and shed light on a link between Rbf1 and mitochondrial dynamics, in vivo. (sdbonline.org)

Matrix assisted laser desorption ionization (MALDI) mass spectrometry is commonly used to analyze biological molecules such as proteins, peptides and lipids from cells or tissue. (koreascience.kr)

Therefore, we demonstrate that the activated CDK4 protein cooperates with oncogenic HRAS (G12V) in the development of melanoma. (temple.edu)

In this study, we initiated to investigate the potential functions of cyclinD1-CDK4 in neuronal plasticity during the postnatal development in mice hippocampus area CA1. (biomedcentral.com)
Additionally utilizing a cocktail of development and differentiation elements (XXL-medium) differentiation of USSC into cells of neuronal lineage (XXL-USSC) expressing neurofilament and Vandetanib trifluoroacetate sodium route proteins was acquired [3]. (techblessing.com)

This locus, however, also encodes a protein from an alternative reading frame, designated p19ARF. (medscape.com)

In a Phase 3 Paloma-III study of Pfizer's CDK4/6 inhibitor ( Ibrance - palbociclib) and an estrogen receptor antagonist ( Faslodex - fulvestrant), patients receiving the combination had significantly prolonged progression-free survival than women with breast cancer who received Faslodex, alone. (shu.edu)
Our results provide novel insights into the function of EBNA3C on cell progression by regulating the cyclin D2 protein and raise the possibility of the development of new anticancer therapies against EBV-associated cancers. (cusabio.cn)

The following product was used in this experiment: CDK4 Polyclonal Antibody from Thermo Fisher Scientific, catalog # 11026-1-AP. (thermofisher.com)
The antibody has been negatively preadsorbed using a non-phosphopeptide corresponding to the site of phosphorylation to remove antibody that is reactive with non-phosphorylated Rb protein. (abcam.cn)

For example, the TP53 gene, located on chromosome 17, encodes a 53-kd nuclear protein that functions as a cell cycle checkpoint. (medscape.com)
Additionally, we found cooperative transcriptional repression with Hippo pathway by inhibiting nuclear Yap (Yes-associated protein) activity in the endocardium during cardiac valve development. (journalfilter.com)
system_update_alt데이터시트system_update_alt안전 데이터시트Overview 개요Product Name:Human TIP49A ELISA KitProduct Code:HUFI01923Size:96 AssaysAlias:RUVBL1, TIP49a, Pontin 52, Nuclear matrix protein 238, NMP 238, INO80 complex subunit H, TIP60-associated protein. (assaygenie.kr)

This mouse strain, Cdk4Neo/Neo, contained disrupted Cdk4 alleles due to an insertion neomycin gene in the Cdk4 locus. (temple.edu)
The p19ARF protein, which is encoded by the same locus as p16, also leads to cell cycle arrest by inhibiting the ability of MDM2 to inactivate TP53. (medscape.com)

The p63 protein, a homologue of p53, may be associated with tumor formation in the epithelial tissue, acting as an oncogene 11,12 . (bvsalud.org)

During early G1 phase, mitogenic signals trigger activation of the CDK4/6-cyclin D complex, which partially deactivates Rb by phosphorylation. (shu.edu)
The telomeres consist of repeating sequences and a set of special proteins, which interact with these repeats and spatially organize them in a specific manner, resulting in the formation of the nucleoprotein complex known as telomeric heterochromatin [ 6 , 7 ]. (actanaturae.ru)

Treatment of breast cancer cell lines with the combination of palbociclib and antiestrogens leads to decreased retinoblastoma protein (Rb) phosphorylation resulting in reduced E2F expression and signaling and increased growth arrest compared to treatment with each drug alone. (shu.edu)

In addition HIV-1 Vpr protein alters the cell-cycle regulation by hijacking centrosome functions. (biomedcentral.com)

Under some circumstances, p27 is associated with active CDK4, but no mechanism for activation has been described. (rcsb.org)

Based on these observations, we sought to determine the role of Cdk4 in thymocytes development by utilizing the Cdk4Neo/Neo mice. (temple.edu)

What pathways are this gene/protein implicaed in? (cancerindex.org)
In the present review, the role of Jak/STAT proteins and their regulators will be discussed in connection with osteoclastogenesis, since growing evidence indicates that a number of cytokines and growth factors utilizing Jak/STAT signaling pathways affect osteoclastogenesis. (koreascience.kr)

[ 1 ] His prediction was subsequently supported by the cloning of the retinoblastoma tumor suppressor gene ( RB1 ) and by functional studies of the retinoblastoma protein, Rb. (medscape.com)
NF-κB is usually activated by the release from cytoplasmic IκB proteins and subsequently translocates into the nucleus (3 5 34 Activation is usually brought on by signal-induced phosphorylation of IκB which targets the inhibitor for rapid degradation by the proteasome (49). (bibf1120.com)

Our results indirectly support the theory that p16 expression is negatively regulated by the functional Rb protein. (nih.gov)

The activity of the receptor is mediated by G proteins that stimulate adenylate cyclase. (globaldata.com)
It has been previously shown that rbf1 pro-apoptotic activity depends on its ability to decrease the level of anti-apoptotic proteins such as the Bcl-2 family protein Buffy. (sdbonline.org)

By the treatment of CDK4 inhibitor, the induction or the maintenance of Long-term potentiation (LTP) in response to a strong tetanus and NMDA receptor-dependent long-term depression (LTD) were normal in hippocampus. (biomedcentral.com)

Virtually all mitogenic signals to the cell are processed through CDK4/6 - it is truly the central molecule that governs pRb phosphorylation status up through the R-point transition. (shu.edu)

Mitochondrial porin , also known as the voltage-dependent anion channel (VDAC), is a multi-functional channel protein that shuttles metabolites between the mitochondria and the cytosol and implicated in cellular life and death decisions. (sdbonline.org)

Cystatin A (Cys A), a cysteine protease inhibitor, is a precursor of proteins involves in keratinocyte keratinization, and is expressed during the late phase of differentiation of these cells. (bvsalud.org)

Previously, our laboratory also generated a mouse strain, lacking expression of Cdk4 gene. (temple.edu)
Both CCND1- and CCND2-expressing MM cells arrested in S/G2/M, and did not differ in other cell-cycle proteins or sensitivity to IR.Differential expression of D-cyclin does not appear to affect cell-cycle response to IR, and is unlikely to underlie differential sensitivity to DNA damage. (cusabio.cn)
Accordingly, we review data on the influence of vitamin D in the development of normal breast and the expression of vitamin D-related proteins (VDR, CYP27B1 and CYP24A21) in benign mammary lesions and ductal carcinomas in situ . (biomedcentral.com)
Two proteins have been implicated in expression-independent vitamin D action: membrane VDR and the membrane-associated rapid response steroid binding (1,25D 3 -MARRS) protein. (biomedcentral.com)
We examined the expression of p16 and Rb protein by means of immunohistochemistry in 61 non-small cell lung cancers and have demonstrated an inverse relationship between the expression of p16 and Rb protein: 28/30 specimens that did not stain for p16 stained for Rb and 21/31 p16-positive specimens did not stain for Rb. (nih.gov)
Finally, the expression of tumor protein D52 (TPD52) was unequivocally affected in PC3, PC3-AR, and LNCaP cells. (mssm.edu)

Anatomy16

Organisms8

Diseases11

Chemicals and Drugs105

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment16

Phenomena and Processes56

Disciplines and Occupations1

Information Science3

Kinase23

CDK610

Complexes8

Cdk25

Phosphorylates4

Cyclins4

Mutation4

Phosphorylation of Rb protein1

Proliferation9

Kinases3

Mutations4

Transcription2

Serine1

Western Blot1

Tumors3

Inhibits1

Genes2

Inhibitory1

Translocation2

Apoptosis3

Peptides1

Oncogenic1

Neuronal2

Encodes a protein1

Progression2

Antibody2

Nuclear3

Locus2

Tumor formation1

Complex2

Palbociclib1

Cell Cycle Regu1

Mechanism1

Mice1

Pathways2

Subsequently2

Negatively1

Activity2

Induction1

Mitogenic1

Functional1

Phase1

Expression6