• PROCEDURES: Consomic strains of female Salt Sensitive or SS (Dll4-high) and SS with 3rd chromosome inherited from Brown Norway, SS.BN3 (Dll4-low) rats at ages 11-12 weeks were used to demonstrate the impact of reduced Dll4 expression on long-term vascular integrity, renal function, and survival following high-dose 13 Gy partial body irradiation at 42- and 90 days post-radiation. (bvsalud.org)
  • The N2 rats that are determined by genotyping to be heterozygous along the target chromosome are then backcrossed for ∼4 to 8 generations [e.g., marker assister selection for rats with most SS (blue) alleles]. (comprehensivephysiology.com)
  • This yields offspring with an isogenic SS background for all but the target chromosome as shown in (B). Selected male and female rats are then mated resulting in approximately 25% of the offspring being homozygous for the chromosome of interest. (comprehensivephysiology.com)
  • These rats are then inbred to produce a stable inbred consomic strain with the substitution of one entire chromosome from the BN strain into the background of the SS strain. (comprehensivephysiology.com)
  • Example of reduced blood pressure salt sensitivity resulting from substitution of chromosome 13 from the BN into the SS/Mcwi strain (SS‐13 BN consomic rat). (comprehensivephysiology.com)
  • Generation of chromosome Y (chrY) consomic rats. (comprehensivephysiology.com)
  • MATERIALS AND METHODS: We evaluated whether male and female inbred Dahl SS rats display differences in RIHD following delivery of 24 Gy in a single fraction to the whole heart using a 1.5 cm beam size (collimater). (bvsalud.org)
  • RESULTS: We show that SS.BN3 (Dll4-low) rats are relatively protected from vascular permeability disruption compared to the SS (Dll4-high) strain. (bvsalud.org)
  • These rats are then backcrossed with the parental SS strain. (comprehensivephysiology.com)
  • Consomic rat panel in which each of the 20 autosomes and the X and Y chromosomes from the BN strain were transferred onto the SS genetic background. (comprehensivephysiology.com)
  • Injury to the female WAG/RijCmcr rat has been well-characterized after exposure to eight doses of whole thorax irradiation: 0-, 5-, 10-, 11-, 12-, 13-, 14- and 15-Gy. (bvsalud.org)
  • This study is one of the first to report a set of minimally invasive endpoints to predict lethal radiation injury in female rats. (bvsalud.org)
  • We showed that increased expression of complement 3 (C3) induces dedifferentiation of mesenchymal cells and epithelial mesenchymal transition, which activate the local renin-angiotensin system (RAS) that contributes to cardiovascular and renal remodeling in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs). (bvsalud.org)
  • In the present study, to investigate contributions of C3 to the development of the pathogenesis of hypertension, we evaluated the formation of renin-producing cells and roles of C3 in renin generation during differentiation of primary bone marrow-mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) from C57BL/6 mice, Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rats, and SHRs to smooth muscle cells (SMCs) with transforming growth factor-ß1. (bvsalud.org)
  • The expression of renin transiently increased with increases in transcription factor liver X receptor α (LXRα), and expression of C3 and Krüppel-like factor 5 (KLF5) increased during differentiation of MSCs from C57BL/6 mice, WKY rats, and SHRs to SMCs. (bvsalud.org)
  • Renin-producing cells were formed during differentiation of MSCs to SMCs, and renin generation was observed in undifferentiated SMCs, in which transient expression of renin in the differentiated cells with lower differentiation stage was stronger from SHRs than that from WKY rats. (bvsalud.org)
  • Rats are widely used as a scientific model of human physiology because of several unique characteristics including size, extensive phenotype data, and importantly, relevance to many aspects of human biology. (nih.gov)
  • Development of rat embryonic stem cell (ESC) technology by modification of current techniques or development of new approaches will meet the needs of researchers using the rat to study human health and disease. (nih.gov)
  • This initiative is designed for rat models only and should not include human subjects or tissues. (nih.gov)
  • The aim of this review is to illustrate the advantages as well as the disadvantages of rat models, which should be considered in trauma research when selecting an appropriate in vivo model. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Size alone makes a strong argument for continuing to use the laboratory rat, particularly for procedures involving manipulations such as intravenous cannulation, nerve recordings, collection of tissue from small structures, and serial blood sampling. (nih.gov)
  • To date, there exist numerous well-established procedures to mimic different forms of injury patterns in rats, animals that are uncomplicated in handling and housing. (biomedcentral.com)