AntibodiesBNAbsRibosomal proteinsAntibodyVariantsEpitopesFormulationsQuaternaryMembrane fusionSerumStabilizeAminoRecombinantPeptideHistoneGenomicsNanoparticlesPeptidesHydrolysisLipidSpikeResiduesVivoConformationalFundamentalPotentYeastInhibitStabilityGeneLigandTargetsMoleculesEnzymesDownstreamMethodsSubunitsEnvelopeSpecific proteinVaccinesStructureCompositionViralNovoAssayFindingsTertiarySynthesisSequencesLineageMutationsSpeciesGenomeDifferentiationFoundCellActiveAtomicApproaches
Antibodies21
- In 2010, one of the most powerful broadly neutralizing antibodies was isolated from patient serum using a computationally designed protein probe. (wikipedia.org)
- The overall objective of EuroNeut-41 was to design a vaccine that raises antibodies able to prevent HIV cell fusion by blocking the virus fusion protein gp41 in its pre-fusogenic conformation. (europa.eu)
- The most promising Ags were submitted to a more in-depth biophysical investigation of their structure and conformation stability, and for their capacity to interact with neutralising antibodies (Abs) and peptides. (europa.eu)
- are binding sites for the HIV-1 neutralizing antibodies FTDCR1B 2F5 broadly, 4E10, and 10E8, producing these binding sites essential goals for HIV-1 vaccine advancement. (physiciansontherise.org)
- This prefusion intermediate, or a closely related intermediate, is also believed to be the target for fusion-inhibiting peptides (11) as well as the broadly neutralizing antibodies 2F5 and 4E10 (12). (physiciansontherise.org)
- Binding studies have shown that the broadly neutralizing antibodies 2F5 and 4E10 do not bind with high affinity to either the postfusion six-helix bundle or the prefusion resting state, suggesting that a prefusion intermediate state is the target for these antibodies (12). (physiciansontherise.org)
- The MPER contains the binding epitopes for several broadly neutralizing antibodies, including 2F5, 10E8, and 4E10 (16C18). (physiciansontherise.org)
- However, none of the induced plasma antibodies strongly neutralize HIV-1 (19, 20, 23, 24), either because the trial vaccines do not present the epitope residues in a native conformation or in the presence of the correct molecular environment, or because of the limitation of induction of MPER antibodies by host tolerance mechanisms (25C28). (physiciansontherise.org)
- The pretriggered (State-1) Env conformation is the major target for broadly neutralizing antibodies (bNAbs), whereas receptor-induced downstream Env conformations elicit immunodominant, poorly neutralizing antibody (pNAb) responses. (bvsalud.org)
- Broadly neutralizing HIV-1 antibodies (bNAbs) isolated from infected subjects display protective potential in animal models. (plos.org)
- Broadly neutralizing HIV-1 antibodies (bNAbs) display protective potentials against experimental animal infection and thus are believed to be a key component of an effective HIV vaccine. (plos.org)
- A potent class of HIV-1 broadly neutralizing antibodies (bnAbs) targets the envelope glycoprotein's membrane proximal exposed region (MPER) through a proposed mechanism where hypervariable loops embed into lipid bilayers and engage headgroup moieties alongside the epitope. (elifesciences.org)
- The modeling platform developed here uncovers insights into lipid participation in antibodies' recognition of membrane proteins and highlights antibody features to prioritize in vaccine design. (elifesciences.org)
- The work provides insights into how broadly neutralizing antibodies associate with lipids proximal to membrane-associated epitopes to drive neutralization. (elifesciences.org)
- Antibodies can target epitopes on integral membrane proteins very near to the lipid bilayer surface, even those partially embedded within the headgroup region. (elifesciences.org)
- We sought to address this phenomenon for broadly neutralizing antibodies (bnAbs) 4E10, PGZL1, 10E8, and LN01 of unique lineages which all target the semi-concealed membrane-proximal epitope region (MPER) 13 - 16 of the HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein (Env). (elifesciences.org)
- We are particularly interested in the co-evolution of HIV-1 and broadly-neutralizing IgG antibodies (bNAbs), which may hold the key to the development of an effective HIV-1 vaccine. (stanford.edu)
- It possessed improved targeting towards both antigens and cells by inducing the potential orientation (conformation) change of the adsorbed antibodies, which further confirmed the unique property of cobalt in the bio-nano interactions of MPNs. (edu.au)
- Neutralizing antibodies that bind to the Spike protein and block that interaction to prevent entry will decrease the amount of light generated as a readout of the assay. (umn.edu)
- Rapid and comprehensive analysis of putative proteinous allergens ( allergenome ) by applying such a proteomic strategy … With allergenomics, we can not only detect and assign the putative allergens (proteins specifically interacting with IgE antibodies in a patient's blood) in a short time, but also analyze the quantitative and qualitative change of the antigens, depending on the surroundings and environmental conditions of an allergenic causative. (genomicglossaries.com)
- With purified recombinant protein production and peptide synthesis to display limited/selected epitopes, intrinsic factors that can affect the functioning of resulting antibodies can be more easily selected for. (preprints.org)
BNAbs1
- All-atom simulations of 4E10, PGZL1, 10E8 and LN01 docked onto HIV-like membranes consistently form phospholipid complexes at key complementarity-determining region loop sites, solidifying that stable and specific lipid interactions anchor bnAbs to membrane surfaces. (elifesciences.org)
Ribosomal proteins2
- As observed more broadly in angiosperms, ribosomal proteins have been especially prone to gene loss in the S. latifolia lineage. (biomedcentral.com)
- Plant mitochondrial genomes contain genes for their own rRNA subunits as well as for some of the ribosomal proteins and tRNAs required for translation (Figure 1 ), but many necessary ribosomal protein and tRNA genes are located in the nuclear genome, so their gene products must be imported into the mitochondrion [ 15 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Antibody6
- The NMR alternative structure of the trimeric area, designated gp41-M-MAT, implies that the three MPER peptides each adopt symmetric -helical conformations revealing the amino acidity side chains from the antibody binding sites. (physiciansontherise.org)
- Ancillary protein-lipid contacts reveal surprising contributions from antibody framework regions. (elifesciences.org)
- Herein, we identified S728-1157, a broadly neutralizing antibody (bnAb) targeting the receptor-binding site (RBS) that was derived from an individual previously infected with WT SARS-CoV-2 prior to the spread of variants of concern (VOCs). (cov19longhaulfoundation.org)
- In addition, we are investigating antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2 and related zoonotic coronaviruses (CoV), with the related goal of developing broadly-protective immunotherapies and vaccines against variants of concern and emerging CoV threats. (stanford.edu)
- Other sorts of preventive medicine against the virus fared slightly better: In 1998, MedImmune (later acquired by AstraZeneca) successfully developed a monoclonal antibody called palivizumab (Synagis) that targets RSV's F protein and reduces risk of hospitalization for high-risk infants born prematurely or with preexisting heart or lung disease. (sciencenewshubb.com)
- For several reasons there is a growing interest in the scientific community in immunoglobulin Y as antibiotic alternative and their oral administration in the polyclonal antibody (pAb) format, to maintain animal health and performance, do not require IgY purification for large-scale production, resulting in protein impurities and high concentration of biotin in the samples. (preprints.org)
Variants5
- Proteins can be designed from scratch (de novo design) or by making calculated variants of a known protein structure and its sequence (termed protein redesign). (wikipedia.org)
- We relate the antiviral potency of the CD4mc against this panel of HIV-1 variants to the ability of the CD4mc to activate entry-related changes in Env conformation prematurely. (bvsalud.org)
- Simulations estimating protein-membrane interaction strength for PGZL1 variants along an inferred maturation pathway show bilayer affinity is evolved and correlates with neutralization potency. (elifesciences.org)
- In contrast, variants in the active conformation accumulated in the ER and caused RD even in the absence of light. (jneurosci.org)
- A collection of different allotypes or allelic protein variants, a new type of protein library. (genomicglossaries.com)
Epitopes2
- Fifty-one vaccine candidates were designed mainly to mimic fusion intermediate conformations of gp41 and in some instance to increase exposure of the 2F5/4E10 epitopes. (europa.eu)
- The effect of the D614G change on the conformation of the spike as well as the identity and nature of immunodominant epitopes are still unknown. (umn.edu)
Formulations4
- A major challenge in the manufacture of biopharmaceuticals is the development of drug formulations that ensure proteins maintain their activity during shelf life and do not aggregate (stick together), since protein aggregation can result in significant issues in patients, sometimes even severe immune reactions up to anaphylactic shock. (redshiftbio.com)
- Such an approach would allow biopharmaceutical companies to test specific chemical formulations that stabilize the protein drug and prevent its aggregation. (redshiftbio.com)
- Unfortunately, aggregated protein biologics could train a patient's immune system to recognize and eliminate the drug, so finding appropriate formulations to prevent aggregation is a major task in biopharmaceutical drug development. (redshiftbio.com)
- Controlling the biodistribution of protein- and nanoparticle-based therapeutic formulations remains challenging. (uw.edu)
Quaternary3
- Here we revisit tau protein aggregation at primary, secondary, tertiary and quaternary structures. (ibecbarcelona.eu)
- The characteristic 3-dimensional shape of a protein, including the secondary, supersecondary (motifs), tertiary (domains) and quaternary structure of the peptide chain. (lookformedical.com)
- PROTEIN STRUCTURE, QUATERNARY describes the conformation assumed by multimeric proteins (aggregates of more than one polypeptide chain). (lookformedical.com)
Membrane fusion4
- The Env proteins complicated goes through dramatic conformational adjustments during the procedure for membrane fusion. (physiciansontherise.org)
- The formation of this conformation is thought to drive membrane fusion. (physiciansontherise.org)
- Therefore, we herein established a SARS-CoV-2 spike (S) protein-mediated cell-cell fusion assay and found that SARS-CoV-2 showed a superior plasma membrane fusion capacity compared to that of SARS-CoV. (nature.com)
- Here we generated a series of lipopeptides derived from EK1 and found that EK1C4 was the most potent fusion inhibitor against SARS-CoV-2 S protein-mediated membrane fusion and pseudovirus infection with IC50s of 1.3 and 15.8 nM, about 241- and 149-fold more potent than the original EK1 peptide, respectively. (nature.com)
Serum2
- The third part of this PhD research further investigated the bio-nano interactions of AuNP@MPNs in the complex protein system - human serum. (edu.au)
- Serum proteins that inhibit, antagonize, or inactivate COMPLEMENT C1 or its subunits. (lookformedical.com)
Stabilize1
- The structures indicate that Sec61 inhibitors stabilize the plug domain of Sec61 in a closed state, thereby preventing the protein-translocation pore from opening. (biorxiv.org)
Amino6
- The goal in rational protein design is to predict amino acid sequences that will fold to a specific protein structure. (wikipedia.org)
- When the first proteins were rationally designed during the 1970s and 1980s, the sequence for these was optimized manually based on analyses of other known proteins, the sequence composition, amino acid charges, and the geometry of the desired structure. (wikipedia.org)
- In the 1990s, the advent of powerful computers, libraries of amino acid conformations, and force fields developed mainly for molecular dynamics simulations enabled the development of structure-based computational protein design tools. (wikipedia.org)
- We solved the X-ray crystal structure of six-helical bundle (6-HB) core of the HR1 and HR2 domains in the SARS-CoV-2 S protein S2 subunit, revealing that several mutated amino acid residues in the HR1 domain may be associated with enhanced interactions with the HR2 domain. (nature.com)
- Enzymes (and other proteins) are composed of amino acid chains called polypeptide chains. (newworldencyclopedia.org)
- To accelerate the translocation of mRNA-tRNAs through the ribosome, bacterial elongation factor G (EF-G) hydrolyzes energy-rich guanosine triphosphate (GTP) for every amino acid incorporated into a protein. (yale.edu)
Recombinant1
- Moreover, MMS will help us to understand protein folding kinetics in our BaroFold platform, which uses high pressure to shape recombinant proteins into their active and stable conformations in biomanufacturing process development. (redshiftbio.com)
Peptide1
- Asparaginyl endopeptidases (AEPs) are versatile enzymes that in biological systems are involved in producing three different catalytic outcomes for proteins, namely (i) routine cleavage by bond hydrolysis, (ii) peptide maturation, including macrocyclisation by a cleavage-coupled intramolecular transpeptidation and (iii) circular permutation involving separate cleavage and transpeptidation reactions resulting in a major reshuffling of protein sequence. (silverchair.com)
Histone1
- BACKGROUND The histone methyltransferase (HMT) family includes histone lysine methyltransferases (HKMTs) and histone/protein arginine methyltransferases (PRMTs). (cancerindex.org)
Genomics1
- So genomics is broadly tackling a whole bunch of challenges in health care today. (tickersymbolyou.com)
Nanoparticles1
- Here, we describe further development of an in vivo library selection platform based on self-assembling protein nanoparticles encapsulating their own mRNA genomes (synthetic nucleocapsids or synNCs). (uw.edu)
Peptides1
- Recently, however, there were numerous examples of successful rational design of water-soluble and even transmembrane peptides and proteins, in part due to a better understanding of different factors contributing to protein structure stability and development of better computational methods. (wikipedia.org)
Hydrolysis1
- An enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of proteins, including elastin. (lookformedical.com)
Lipid1
- In addition, the channel has a seam (lateral gate) in the wall that can open laterally in the plane of the membrane to release transmembrane segments (TMs) of membrane protein clients into the lipid phase. (biorxiv.org)
Spike5
- S728-1157 binds the receptor binding site (RBS) that is fully exposed when the RBD on the spike is in the up conformation. (cov19longhaulfoundation.org)
- SARS-CoV-2's closest relative (96% identity) is a coronavirus from Rhinophilus affinis bats (RaTG13), but there are critical differences in the SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein that optimize binding to its cellular receptor, ACE-2, that arose through natural selection. (umn.edu)
- The HIV database team at Los Alamos National Laboratory has developed an analysis pipeline to track the evolution of the SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein, using the Global Initiative for Sharing All Influenza Data (GISAID) SARS-CoV-2 sequence database. (umn.edu)
- These tests currently mostly use the wild-type SARS-CoV-2 spike to display (pseudotype) the protein on the surface of either HIV-based or VSV-based viral particles. (umn.edu)
- The Figure shows a virus pseudotyped with the SARS-CoV-2 Spike (S) protein on its surface, and a luciferase reporter gene that will give off light when target cells bearing the ACE-2 receptor are entered. (umn.edu)
Residues1
- Here, a genome-wide analysis of the human mitochondrial transcriptome shows that 2'- O -methylation is limited to residues of the mitoribosomal large subunit (mtLSU) 16S mt-rRNA, introduced by MRM1, MRM2 and MRM3, with the modifications installed by the latter two proteins being interdependent. (nature.com)
Vivo3
- Protein design programs use computer models of the molecular forces that drive proteins in in vivo environments. (wikipedia.org)
- We combine biophysical and structural methods (e.g., cryo-EM), protein engineering, and in vivo approaches to understand how enveloped viruses infect host cells and elicit antigen-specific immune responses. (stanford.edu)
- We establish that the intrinsically disordered region (IDR) of the broadly and highly conserved transcription termination factor Rho is necessary and sufficient for phase separation in vivo and in vitro in the human commensal Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron. (yale.edu)
Conformational1
- The native state of a protein is the conformational free energy minimum for the chain. (wikipedia.org)
Fundamental2
- In this regard, the role of mycobacterial methyltransferases (MTases) in TB infection can be fundamental, though it has not been broadly deciphered. (ac.ir)
- It is of fundamental importance in determining PROTEIN CONFORMATION. (lookformedical.com)
Potent1
- The long-term goal of this work will be structure-based design of potent and stable immunogens for vaccination against emerging and re-emerging zoonotic viruses. (stanford.edu)
Yeast1
- Parts derived from human and yeast proteins are outlined with solid and dashed lines, respectively. (biorxiv.org)
Inhibit1
- In addition to ligand-regulated degradation of β-catenin, Wnt signaling is antagonized by extracellular factors that inhibit the ability of Wnt ligands to bind to Fzd and initiate signaling, such as the secreted frizzled-related proteins (SFRP1, WNT inhibitory factor (WIF) and dickkopf (DKK) [3] . (plos.org)
Stability2
- The Company believes combining both platforms enables the rigorous investigation of protein structure and stability in a streamlined and highly efficient workflow that can be critical in drug development. (redshiftbio.com)
- The joint development work undertaken by PBI and RedShiftBio offers a workflow that allows scientists to study mechanisms of protein aggregation and perturb protein structure "on demand" to promote aggregation events for accelerated stability tests. (redshiftbio.com)
Gene5
- What does this gene/protein do? (cancerindex.org)
- What pathways are this gene/protein implicaed in? (cancerindex.org)
- With 35,000 genes and hundreds of thousands of protein states to identify, correlate, and understand, it no longer suffices to rely on studies of one gene, gene product, or process at a time. (genomicglossaries.com)
- One of the few antigens against which mammals develop protective immunity is the highly polymorphic OspC protein, encoded by the ospC gene on the cp26 plasmid. (cdc.gov)
- By means of DNA sequencing of a large sample collection of the pathogen from across the United States, we studied the gene for the bacterium's highly diverse OspC protein, protective immunity against which develops in animals. (cdc.gov)
Ligand4
- Broadly used in modern drug design, molecular docking methods explore the ligand conformations adopted within the binding sites of macromolecular targets. (mdpi.com)
- Rhodopsin consists of a protein (rod opsin) and a chromophore ligand (11- cis -retinal) and initiates phototransduction in a specialized organelle called the rod outer segment (OS). (jneurosci.org)
- The amount and composition of corona proteins were evaluated by both SDS-PAGE and LC-MS/MS. MPNs with tannic acid as the phenolic ligand showed no significant difference with varied metals in both corona protein content and cell association. (edu.au)
- However, MPNs with gallic acid as the ligand showed that FeIII and ZnII exhibited different corona protein content and cell association compared to other metals. (edu.au)
Targets2
- These models are being used to systematically elucidate proteins required for cutaneous carcinogenesis and to test their potential role as therapeutic targets. (stanford.edu)
- Otherwise, an ELISA without the use of streptavidin-biotin binding would be more advisable to avoid biotin and targets protein relationship and prevent biotin interference on results. (preprints.org)
Molecules4
- Protein design is the rational design of new protein molecules to design novel activity, behavior, or purpose, and to advance basic understanding of protein function. (wikipedia.org)
- Alexander V. Lazarev, Ph.D., Chief Science Officer of PBI, said: "Our collaboration with RedShiftBio takes advantage of our ability to manipulate protein structure with high pressure and RedShiftBio's precise analytical platform that reports subtle changes in the three-dimensional structure of protein molecules that could lead to protein aggregation. (redshiftbio.com)
- The Sec61 complex also mediates membrane integration of many proteins, including most cell surface receptors and cell adhesion molecules. (biorxiv.org)
- This process is carried out by the human spliceosome machinery, in which over 300 proteins sequentially assemble with uridine-rich small nuclear RNA molecules (U snRNAs) to form distinct small nuclear ribonucleoprotein complexes (snRNPs). (biomedcentral.com)
Enzymes5
- Most enzymes are proteins , though certain nucleic acids , called ribozymes , are also capable of catalytic activity. (newworldencyclopedia.org)
- For instance, many household cleaners use enzymes to speed up the breakdown of protein or starch stains on clothes. (newworldencyclopedia.org)
- However, the structural diversity of CAZymes has rendered the targeted discovery of novel enzymes extremely challenging, as these proteins catalyze many different chemical reactions and are sourced by a vast array of microbes. (biomedcentral.com)
- These results paved the way for the application of targeted functional profiling to screen members of the GH11 and GH45 families against a de novo protein reference database comprised of 1184 uncharacterized enzymes, which led to the identification of 18 putative xylanases (GH11) and three putative endoglucanases (GH45). (biomedcentral.com)
- AEPs are widely distributed in land plants, where they are also sometimes called vacuolar processing enzymes due to their localisation in vacuoles and their role in processing vacuolar proteins [ 1 , 5 ]. (silverchair.com)
Downstream1
- Cell Mixed lineage kinase domain-like is a key receptor interacting protein 3 downstream component of TNF-induced necrosis. (emisoft.cn)
Methods1
- This contrasts with other forms of protein engineering, such as directed evolution, where a variety of methods are used to find proteins that achieve a specific function, and with protein structure prediction where the sequence is known, but the structure is unknown. (wikipedia.org)
Subunits1
- The current model of dissociation of FMDV supports the assumption that the acidification system in endosome triggers the direct dissociation of FMDV into pentameric subunits, protein VP4, and RNA without intermediate. (biomedcentral.com)
Envelope1
- Infection of the Compact disc4+ T cell by HIV-1 is certainly mediated with the envelope proteins (Env), a trimeric complicated on the virion surface area that includes three copies each of glycoprotein (gp) 120 and gp41. (physiciansontherise.org)
Specific protein1
- The enzyme breaks down elastin, the specific protein of elastic fibers, and digests other proteins such as fibrin, hemoglobin, and albumin. (lookformedical.com)
Vaccines1
- By the 1990s and 2000s, some researchers had returned to working on RSV vaccines, typically using the F protein in its so-called post-fusion conformation. (sciencenewshubb.com)
Structure10
- Thus, protein design is the search for sequences that have the chosen structure as a free energy minimum. (wikipedia.org)
- In a sense, it is the reverse of protein structure prediction. (wikipedia.org)
- Protein design is then an optimization problem: using some scoring criteria, an optimized sequence that will fold to the desired structure is chosen. (wikipedia.org)
- Although protein design programs vary greatly, they have to address four main modeling questions: What is the target structure of the design, what flexibility is allowed on the target structure, which sequences are included in the search, and which force field will be used to score sequences and structures. (wikipedia.org)
- Protein function is heavily dependent on protein structure, and rational protein design uses this relationship to design function by designing proteins that have a target structure or fold. (wikipedia.org)
- Thus, by definition, in rational protein design the target structure or ensemble of structures must be known beforehand. (wikipedia.org)
- Most often, the target structure is based on a known structure of another protein. (wikipedia.org)
- This conformation is stable, and its structure has been well studied using X-ray crystallography techniques (13). (physiciansontherise.org)
- This is referred to as the primary structure of proteins. (lookformedical.com)
- The virus capsid is assembled by 60 copies of each of four structure proteins (VP1-4) in a stepwise process [ 8 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Composition1
- While RNA makes up most of the composition of bacterial and cytosolic eukaryotic ribosomes, mammalian mitochondrial ribosomes present a more elaborate protein shell, which aids coping with the oxidative microenvironment. (nature.com)
Viral1
- An example of a biopharmaceutical is interferon beta, a protein biologic used alone or in combination with other drugs against a broad spectrum of viral infections, including MERS-CoV ( https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-019-13940-6 ). (redshiftbio.com)
Novo1
- The first protein successfully designed completely de novo was done by Stephen Mayo and coworkers in 1997, and, shortly after, in 1999 Peter S. Kim and coworkers designed dimers, trimers, and tetramers of unnatural right-handed coiled coils. (wikipedia.org)
Assay1
- The detection of IgY in yolk samples by ELISA using streptavidin-biotin binding as part of the assay methodology requires some technology to neutralize high concentration of biotin on sample or more steps beyond delipidation to isolate the target protein. (preprints.org)
Findings2
- These findings suggested that bulky tannic acid may dominate the adsorption of biomolecules while cobalt can contribute to the conformation of biomolecules by coordination. (edu.au)
- Our findings reveal how cells curb energy consumption while maintaining protein synthesis to advance fitness in nutrient-fluctuating environments. (yale.edu)
Tertiary1
- The first designed proteins are attributed to Bernd Gutte, who designed a reduced version of a known catalyst, bovine ribonuclease, and tertiary structures consisting of beta-sheets and alpha-helices, including a binder of DDT. (wikipedia.org)
Synthesis4
- Protein synthesis is crucial for cell growth and survival yet one of the most energy-consuming cellular processes. (yale.edu)
- How, then, do cells sustain protein synthesis under starvation conditions when energy is limited? (yale.edu)
- EF-G2's singular ability to sustain protein synthesis, albeit at slow rates, is crucial for bacterial gut colonization. (yale.edu)
- Moreover, we uncover a 26-residue region unique to EF-G2 that is essential for protein synthesis, EF-G2 dissociation from the ribosome, and responsible for the absence of GTPase activity. (yale.edu)
Sequences2
- Although the number of possible protein sequences is vast, growing exponentially with the size of the protein chain, only a subset of them will fold reliably and quickly to one native state. (wikipedia.org)
- In this study, we found 61 families of glycoside hydrolases (GH) (out of 182 CAZymes) from protein sequences deposited in the CAZy database-currently associated with more than 20,324 microbial genomes. (biomedcentral.com)
Lineage1
- Here we have focused on identifying and characterizing CARs in prion-like proteins (pCARs) from plants, a lineage that has been poorly studied in comparison with other prionomes. (ibecbarcelona.eu)
Mutations1
- Scope includes mutations and abnormal protein expression. (cancerindex.org)
Species1
- The universally conserved heterotrimeric Sec61 complex (SecY in prokaryotes) plays essential roles in biosynthesis of more than one third of proteins in all species (for review, see ref. 1 - 4 ). (biorxiv.org)
Genome2
- The genome contains the fewest genes of any angiosperm mitochondrial genome sequenced to date, with intact copies of only 25 of the 41 protein genes inferred to be present in the common ancestor of angiosperms. (biomedcentral.com)
- The virion consists of single-stranded positive-sense RNA genome of approximately 8500 nucleotides in length and icosahedron capsid protein [ 5 , 6 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Differentiation1
- also known as ASH1), neurogenic differentiation factor 1 (NeuroD1), yes-associated protein 1 (YAP1) and POU class 2 homeobox 3 (POU2F3). (cancerindex.org)
Found2
- It was found that the protein corona can reduce the cell association of all AuNPs investigated. (edu.au)
- A member of the serpin family of proteins that is found in plasma and urine. (lookformedical.com)
Cell3
- Fig. 1: Establishment of SARS-CoV-2 S protein-mediated cell-cell fusion system. (nature.com)
- In eukaryotes, secretory proteins are first translocated into the ER by the Sec61 complex before reaching the cell surface by vesicular trafficking. (biorxiv.org)
- This importance is focussed on the target binding site - epitope, where epitope selection as a part of design thinking beyond traditional antigen selection using whole cell or whole protein immunisation can positively impact success. (preprints.org)
Active1
- The protein also has a role as an acute-phase protein and is active in the control of immunologic and inflammatory processes, and as a tumor marker. (lookformedical.com)
Atomic2
- To some, it suggests that quantum effects are at work even at the large distances (by atomic standards) spanned by a protein molecule. (newworldencyclopedia.org)
- At the end of November 2012, Graham recounts, they could see the crystallized respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) F protein at atomic resolution using X-ray diffraction. (sciencenewshubb.com)
Approaches1
- Rational protein design approaches make protein-sequence predictions that will fold to specific structures. (wikipedia.org)