Genetic characterization of new sources of soybean aphid resistance will facilitate the expansion of the soybean gene pool for soybean aphid resistance and thus will help to develop soybean aphid resistant cultivars. (usda.gov)
WOOSTER, Ohio -- A soybean plant introduction (PI) has been found to show resistance to soybean aphid in Ohio, paving the way to control the insect through new resistant cultivars. (ohio-state.edu)
Genomics1
Tuesday afternoon attendees moved back inside to hear presentations on the following: Dr. Paul Chomet from NRGene covered development of a cotton pangenome and Drs. Michael Thomson, Keerti Rathore, Libo Shan, and Marco Molina from the Texas A&M Institute for Plant Genomics and Biotechnology Borlaug Center spoke about gene editing opportunities. (cottoninc.com)
Pests3
Soybean aphid insects were first reported in the United States in 2000, and they are now among the major pests of soybean in the northern United States and southeastern Canada. (usda.gov)
Soybean aphid (Aphis glycines Matsumura) has become one of the major pests of soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr. (usda.gov)
Host plant resistance has proven to be highly economical and eco-friendly long term insect management strategy [ 8 ] that has been broadly used for the management of other sorghum pests such as greenbugs ( Schizaphis graminum ) and corn leaf aphids ( Rhopalosiphum maidis ) [ 9 , 10 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
North America1
Researchers don't know how many soybean aphid biotypes are currently present in North America, but for now their focus is developing a soybean cultivar that the Ohio biotype won't colonize. (ohio-state.edu)
Varieties4
There are few soybean genotypes of the early maturing varieties that possess aphid resistance. (usda.gov)
The work is designed to transfer the Rag2 gene into susceptible soybean varieties and test their resistance to the aphid in both the greenhouse and in the field. (ohio-state.edu)
This also opens up alternatives for producers looking to grow organic soybean varieties. (ohio-state.edu)
Emergence of Hessian fly biotypes that overcome resistance in most wheat varieties has led to supply shortages of wheat varieties resistant to Hessian fly. (uky.edu)
Overcome resistance1
It turns out the soybean aphid biotype in Ohio is different than the one in Illinois and this biotype can overcome resistance to the Rag1 gene. (ohio-state.edu)
Transmit2
Soybean aphids also transmit various plant pathogenic viruses. (usda.gov)
It also has been known to transmit a host of viruses, including soybean mosaic virus, soybean dwarf virus, and alfalfa mosaic virus not only in soybean but also in a number of vegetable crops. (ohio-state.edu)
Greenhouse1
To characterize the genetic basis of soybean aphid resistance in PI 603712, a newly identified resistant germplasm line, 142 F2 plants derived from the cross 'Roberts' x PI 603712 and their parents were evaluated for soybean aphid resistance in the greenhouse, and were genotyped with BARCSoySNP6K Illumina Infinium II BeadChip. (usda.gov)
Crops6
No-tillage soybean performance in cover crops for weed management in the western Corn Belt. (geometry.net)
A sequential rationality test of USDA preliminary price estimates for selected program crops: rice, soybeans, and wheat. (geometry.net)
2Plants Brazil debates farmers planting modified soybean crops Roberto Rodrigues, in favor of allowing gene-modified soybean crops. (geometry.net)
Can anyone tell me what proportion of the world s soybean crops are now genetically engineered? (geometry.net)
GENTECH archive [Index] [Thread] Can anyone tell me what proportion of the world's soybean crops are now genetically engineered? (geometry.net)
Illinois corn and soybean crops faring well. (geometry.net)
Genetic resistance2
The accession PI603712 is a valuable source of natural genetic resistance needed to combat aphid infection in soybean, and these results will be used by soybean breeders at government agencies, universities and private companies to improve aphid resistance in soybeans. (usda.gov)
Any individual with genetic resistance can pass the gene into the population, and this lends itself to new biotypes very quickly. (ohio-state.edu)
Organism1
A biotype is a subspecies of organism morphologically similar to but physiologically different from other members of the species. (ohio-state.edu)
Diseases2
Researchers are seeing promising results and hope to have breeding lines available for release by the end of 2010 if agronomic characteristics, such as yield and resistance to major diseases, hold up. (ohio-state.edu)
emphasized non-pesticide controls (e.g., genetic host resistance, crop rotations, tillage, andplant sanitation) for plant diseases was a necessity, not simply an option for plant diseasemanagement. (vdocuments.net)
The locus on chromosome 7 was dominantly expressed and positioned about one Mega-base-pair (Mb) distant from the previously identified resistance locus Rag1. (usda.gov)
We transferred the soybean aphid resistant gene, known as Rag1 , from a resistant plant developed at the University of Illinois, to an Ohio cultivar and found that the hybrid was susceptible to soybean aphid, when it was expected to show resistance," said Mian, principal investigator. (ohio-state.edu)
Soybean cultivars containing the Rag1 gene should be commercially available beginning next year. (ohio-state.edu)
However, Hammond doesn't recommend growing cultivars with the Rag1 gene in Ohio. (ohio-state.edu)
Given what we know about the biotype variations and current genetic work, we just don't think cultivars with the Rag1 gene will hold up here in Ohio," said Hammond. (ohio-state.edu)
The locus on chromosome 16 was positioned near the previously identified resistance locus Rag3, but expressed partial dominance differently from Rag3. (usda.gov)
Yield1
Soybean aphids suck plant sap, resulting in stunted plant growth and reduced seed yield, pod and seed set, and seed oil content. (usda.gov)
Populations3
That is significant given that aphid populations can reach into the thousands after only two weeks time. (ohio-state.edu)
In studies where soybean aphids were only given the choice to feed on PI 243540, researchers found that the aphids would "walk away" from the plant or populations would die off. (ohio-state.edu)
Due to theawareness and biological understanding of how insecticide resistance develops, and becauseinsecticides are so expensive to develop, in 1984 the manufacturers of insecticides createdthe Insecticide Resistance Action Committee (IRAC) to encourage the responsible use oftheir products in a manner that minimizes the risk of insecticide in target pest populations(IRAC, 2010). (vdocuments.net)
Proteins1
There were 187 genes that were highly expressed during the early time of aphid infestation in the SCA-resistant line, including genes encoding leucine-rich repeat (LRR) proteins, ethylene response factors, cell wall-related, pathogenesis-related proteins, and disease resistance-responsive dirigent-like proteins. (biomedcentral.com)
Plant8
Thus, we characterized the resistance in PI 603712 and identified two regions of genes in the plant chromosomes that control the resistance. (usda.gov)
The soybean PI, labeled PI 243540, contains a single dominant gene that allows the plant to resist soybean aphid feeding and aphid colonization. (ohio-state.edu)
Rouf Mian, a USDA-ARS molecular geneticist and adjunct assistant professor with Ohio State University's Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, said that the plant line was identified after a known soybean aphid-resistant plant, developed by University of Illinois, failed to produce the desired results in Ohio. (ohio-state.edu)
Mian and his colleagues found that when given a choice between PI 243540 and a susceptible soybean variety, the soybean aphid chose the susceptible plant. (ohio-state.edu)
After four weeks of the choice test, PI 243540 showed no feeding damage and only a few soybean aphids were found on the plant. (ohio-state.edu)
By four weeks, the impact from soybean aphid feeding and disease symptoms become evident on the plant," said Mian. (ohio-state.edu)
We are looking into the mechanism behind the resistance, but we think it might be a chemical compound being produced by the plant. (ohio-state.edu)
Processes orchestrated or driven by a plethora of genes, plant hormones, and inherent biological timing mechanisms facilitated by secondary molecules, which result in the systematic transformation of plants and plant parts, from one stage of maturity to another. (lookformedical.com)
Results2
In summary, our results indicate that the SCA-resistant line is better adapted to activate early defense signaling mechanisms in response to SCA infestation because of the rapid activation of the defense mechanisms by regulating genes involved in monolignol biosynthesis pathway, oxidoreductase activity, biosynthesis of phytohormones, and cell wall composition. (biomedcentral.com)
Aphids also secrete sugary substance known as honeydew, which allows the growth of sooty mold and results in reduced leaf area for light absorption and photosynthesis in plants, thus declining the photosynthetic efficiency of infested plants. (biomedcentral.com)
Species1
Some insect species are capable of developing new biotypes very rapidly and over a short period of time. (ohio-state.edu)
Variety1
Our investigations discovered that PI 603712 was the earliest maturing soybean variety that exhibited resistance to heavy infestations of soybean aphids in South Dakota field trials. (usda.gov)
Plants4
In this study, we focused on identifying the defense-related genes that confer resistance to SCA at early and late time points in sorghum plants with varied levels of SCA resistance. (biomedcentral.com)
We used RNA-sequencing approach to identify the global transcriptomic responses to aphid infestation on RTx430, SC265, and SC1345 plants at early time points 6, 24, and 48 h post infestation (hpi) and after extended period of SCA feeding for 7 days. (biomedcentral.com)
Aphid feeding on the SCA-resistant line upregulated the expression of 3827 and 2076 genes at early and late time points, respectively, which was relatively higher compared to RTx430 and SC1345 plants. (biomedcentral.com)
Soybean aphids, when they are feeding on soybeans, are all females and can produce a large number of offspring that develop very rapidly. (ohio-state.edu)
Industry1
We chose to cross PI 243540 with food-grade soybean cultivars because of the importance of food-grade soybeans in the industry, especially when it comes to seed cosmetics and the potential economic impacts," said Mian. (ohio-state.edu)
Major1
QTL analysis revealed that PI 603712 possessed two major loci associated with soybean aphid resistance, located on chromosome 7 and 16. (usda.gov)
Line1
At 7 days post infestation (dpi), 173 genes had elevated expression levels in the SCA-resistant line and were involved in sucrose metabolism, callose formation, phospholipid metabolism, and proteinase inhibitors. (biomedcentral.com)
Multiple1
SF surface absence( Bio-Rad), and Explored to CaMV multiple resistance. (be-mindful.de)