• Ascorbate and aldarate metabolism 7 of 317 pathways' ## [1] 'Querying. (tu-dortmund.de)
  • Among them, the Unigenes of ascorbate and aldarate metabolism was 39, flavonoid biosynthesis was 38, carotenoid biosynthesis was 34. (nefu.edu.cn)
  • There were 13 SSR located in ascorbate and aldarate metabolism, flavonoid biosynthesis and carotenoid biosynthesis. (nefu.edu.cn)
  • In plants, vitamin C is a substrate for ascorbate peroxidase. (wikipedia.org)
  • Moreover, combined treatment with Se and Mo increased the lignin content and cell wall thickness by upregulating the expression levels of genes encoding cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase (CAD), peroxidase (POX) and phenylalanine amino-lyase (PAL), involved in lignin biosynthesis. (bvsalud.org)
  • For this purpose, plants have developed a set of antioxidants such as glutathione (GSH) and ASC, as well as antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX). (biomedcentral.com)
  • Since its isolation in the last century, AsA has attracted the attention of the scientific community, allowing the discovery of the L-galactose pathway, which is the main pathway for AsA biosynthesis in plants. (edu.pe)
  • Thus, the aim of this review is to analyze the genetic and biochemical strategies employed by plant cells for regulating AsA biosynthesis through the L-galactose pathway. (edu.pe)
  • We then constructed the biosynthesis pathway of d -glucaric acid in S. cerevisiae INVSc1 opi1Δ and obtained two engineered strains, LGA-1 and LGA-C, producing record-breaking titers of d -glucaric acid: 9.53 ± 0.46 g/L and 11.21 ± 0.63 g/L d -glucaric acid from 30 g/L glucose and 10.8 g/L myo -inositol in fed-batch fermentation mode, respectively. (biomedcentral.com)
  • We found that GDP-L-galactose phosphorylase (GGP), the bottleneck of the pathway, controls the ascorbate pool because its protein concentration is significantly lower than the rest of enzymes. (plantae.org)
  • Among the defense mechanisms that activate plants to cope with environmental stress situations, it is worth noting the ascorbate-glutathione cycle, a complex metabolic pathway in which a variety of photochemical, chemical and enzymatic steps are involved. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In summary, our results indicate that the SCA-resistant line is better adapted to activate early defense signaling mechanisms in response to SCA infestation because of the rapid activation of the defense mechanisms by regulating genes involved in monolignol biosynthesis pathway, oxidoreductase activity, biosynthesis of phytohormones, and cell wall composition. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Vitamin C (also known as ascorbic acid and ascorbate) is a water-soluble vitamin found in citrus and other fruits and vegetables, also sold as a dietary supplement and as a topical "serum" ingredient to treat melasma (dark pigment spots) and wrinkles on the face. (wikipedia.org)
  • Ascorbate and ascorbic acid are both naturally present in the body, since the forms interconvert according to pH. (wikipedia.org)
  • NutriBiotic ® Ascorbate Bio-C delivers 100% pharmaceutical grade vitamin C (L-ascorbic acid), bioflavonoids from lemon, and an array of highly bioavailable minerals in an effervescent powder. (nutribiotic.com)
  • Manipulation of L: -ascorbic acid biosynthesis pathways in Solanum lycopersicum: elevated GDP-mannose pyrophosphorylase activity enhances L: -ascorbate levels in red fruit. (mpg.de)
  • Sodium Ascorbate - One of a number of mineral salts in ascorbic acid (vitamin C). It is a bioavailable and more alkaline form of vitamin c that is known for supporting the immune system and protecting the cells against free radical damage. (basschiropractic.com)
  • Although most xyloglucans (XyGs) biosynthesis enzymes have been identified, the molecular mechanism that defines XyG branching patterns is unclear. (bvsalud.org)
  • All these genes and their encoded enzymes have been well characterized, demonstrating their participation in AsA biosynthesis. (edu.pe)
  • Among the biochemical strategies discovered is the control of the enzyme levels (usually by decreasing their quantities), control of the enzyme catalytic activity (by increasing or decreasing its activity), feedback inhibition of some enzymes (GME and GGP), subcellular compartmentation of AsA, the metabolon assembly of the enzymes, and control of AsA biosynthesis by electron flow. (edu.pe)
  • Under the supervision of Prof. Miguel A. Botella and the collaboration of Prof. Nicholas Smirnoff, in this work we studied how the enzymes that biosynthesize ascorbate in Arabidopsis thaliana are organized in space within the cell and how increasing the concentration of each of these enzymes affected to ascorbate concentration. (plantae.org)
  • Therefore, its overexpression results in a 3-fold increase of ascorbate whereas none of the other enzymes overexpression resulted in an increase of ascorbate concentration. (plantae.org)
  • The latter two are key enzymes in biogenic amine biosynthesis (ie, aromatic amino acid synthesis). (medscape.com)
  • Ubiquinone and other terpenoid-quinone biosynthesis 14 of 317 pathways' ## [1] 'Querying. (tu-dortmund.de)
  • Phenylalanine, tyrosine and tryptophan biosynthesis 31 of 317 pathways' ## [1] 'Querying. (tu-dortmund.de)
  • Tetrahydrobiopterin deficiencies are disorders that affect phenylalanine (Phe) homeostasis, as well as brain biosynthesis of catecholamine, serotonin, and (occasionally) nitric oxide. (medscape.com)
  • Arginine biosynthesis 17 of 317 pathways' ## [1] 'Querying. (tu-dortmund.de)
  • Enhancement of Carotenoid Biosynthesis in Transplastomic Tomatoes by Induced Lycopene-to-Provitamin A Conversion. (mpg.de)
  • Primary bile acid biosynthesis 13 of 317 pathways' ## [1] 'Querying. (tu-dortmund.de)
  • Ascorbate salts such as sodium ascorbate and calcium ascorbate are used in some dietary supplements. (wikipedia.org)
  • Calcium Ascorbate 8 oz. (nutribiotic.com)
  • No detectable NA biosynthesis was mediated by two representative plant NAS proteins that naturally lack the C-terminal domain, class Ia Arabidopsis halleri NAS5 and Medicago truncatula NAS2 of class II which is found in dicots and diverged early during the evolution of flowering plants. (bvsalud.org)
  • This enzyme utilizes ascorbate to neutralize excess hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) by converting it to water (H2O) and oxygen. (wikipedia.org)
  • The enzyme, characterized from the basidiomycete mushroom Amanita muscaria , participates in the biosynthesis of the psychoactive compounds ibotenate and muscimol. (enzyme-database.org)
  • and an enzyme cofactor for the biosynthesis of many important biochemicals. (fosterregal.com)
  • The enzyme responsible for collagen maturation is prolyl 4-hydroxylase, making this enzyme a central activity in cuticle biosynthesis and a potentially important chemotherapeutic target. (embl.de)
  • The activity of the PAM enzyme system is dependent upon vitamin C (ascorbate), which is a necessary vitamin cofactor. (wikidoc.org)
  • Fatty acid biosynthesis 8 of 317 pathways' ## [1] 'Querying. (tu-dortmund.de)
  • In some plant species, AA is the substrate for the biosynthesis of oxalate and tartrate (Smirnoff and Wheeler, 2000). (deepdyve.com)
  • In addition to the substrate, hydroxylation of peptidyl prolyl and peptidyl lysyl residues, catalyzed by prolyl hydroxylase and lysyl hydroxylase of skin, skeletal muscle, and granulating wounds, requires molecular oxygen, ascorbate, Fe 2+ , and alpha-ketoglutarate. (medscape.com)
  • Steroid biosynthesis 12 of 317 pathways' ## [1] 'Querying. (tu-dortmund.de)
  • N-Glycan biosynthesis 39 of 317 pathways' ## [1] 'Querying. (tu-dortmund.de)
  • Mucin type O-glycan biosynthesis 40 of 317 pathways' ## [1] 'Querying. (tu-dortmund.de)
  • Various types of N-glycan biosynthesis 41 of 317 pathways' ## [1] 'Querying. (tu-dortmund.de)
  • Mannose type O-glycan biosynthesis 42 of 317 pathways' ## [1] 'Querying. (tu-dortmund.de)
  • g Coenzyme A biosynthesis and pathways downstream of the coenzyme affected by the Aldh1l2 loss. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Sodium Ascorbate 8 oz. (nutribiotic.com)
  • Sodium Ascorbate 850 mg Capsules, 100 caps. (nutribiotic.com)
  • By chance, sodium ascorbate by itself was found to stimulate the production of oxytocin from ovarian tissue over a range of concentrations in a dose-dependent manner. (wikidoc.org)
  • c - e Levels of γ-glutamyl cycle metabolites and ascorbate are diminished while levels of dehydroascorbate are increased in Aldh1l2 KO mice. (biomedcentral.com)
  • When added to liquid, the vitamin C and minerals react to create carbonation (effervescence) to form mineral ascorbates that buffer the acidity of vitamin C. (nutribiotic.com)
  • Vitamin C is also required for the biosynthesis of collagen, L-carnitine, and neurotransmitters. (nutribiotic.com)
  • The combined positive effects of vitamin C, bioflavonoids, and minerals make Ascorbate Bio-C an excellent choice for supporting your body's overall health. (nutribiotic.com)
  • Under salt treatment of 300 mM NaCl, the yeast inoculation significantly increased ascorbate concentrations in leaves, yet showed no effects on levels of glutathione and proline. (preprints.org)
  • This mechanism may underlie ascorbate release, signalling phenomena, apoplastic redox reactions, iron acquisition, and control the ionic and electrical equilibrium (together with K+ efflux via GORK channels). (deepdyve.com)
  • In the second one, it was proved that some genes have alternative splicing events and could be a mechanism to control AsA biosynthesis. (edu.pe)
  • schematic depicts the mechanism of associated decrease in antioxidants, GSH and ascorbate. (biomedcentral.com)
  • A biosynthesis route from d -glucose to d -glucaric acid involving three heterologous genes was constructed in recombinant Escherichia coli by Moon et al. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis of differentially expressed genes between wild type plants and STTM159 transgenic plants showed that genes involved in cell division, auxin, cytokinin (CK) and brassinosteroids (BRs) biosynthesis and signaling are significantly down-regulated in STTM159 plants. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Se-Mo interactions upregulated the expression levels of related genes encoding galacturonosyltransferase (GAUT), UTP-glucose-1-phosphate uridylyltransferase (UGP), and UDP-glucose-4-epimerase (GALE), involved in polysaccharide biosynthesis, thereby increasing pectin and cellulose levels. (bvsalud.org)
  • Antisense inhibition of the GDP-mannose pyrophosphorylase reduces the ascorbate content in transgenic plants leading to developmental changes during senescence. (mpg.de)
  • EPR spectroscopy measurements demonstrate that salinity (NaCl) triggers the accumulation of root apoplastic ascorbyl radicals in an A9C-dependent manner, confirming that l-ascorbate leaks through anion channels under depolarization. (deepdyve.com)
  • Thus, a deep understanding on how ascorbate was biosynthesized and how it could be increased became the main interest of my PhD. From a biological point of view, ascorbate is essential to cope with abiotic stresses such as high irradiance or salinity, and, from a biotechnological perspective, ascorbate has a plethora of roles and benefits over plants and humans health. (plantae.org)
  • The obtained results are broadly consistent with experimental observations and highlight the key role played by ascorbate recycling for plants to adapt to their surrounding environment. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In addition, plants can also dissipate excess excitation energy in PSII antenna as heat through nonphotochemical processes, which involves the xanthophyll cycle using ascorbate (ASC) as the reducing agent [ 4 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Intriguingly, the replacement of gluconate with ascorbate in the patch-clamp pipette reveals a large ascorbate efflux current, which shows sensitivity to the anion channel blocker, anthracene-9-carboxylic acid (A9C), indicative of the ascorbate release via anion channels. (deepdyve.com)
  • Hence, a synthetic scaffold was used to increase MIOX stability and the efficiency of the biosynthesis route, leading to a titer of 2.5 g/L d -glucaric acid from 10 g/L d -glucose [ 7 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Nicotianamine synthase (NAS) catalyzes the biosynthesis of the low-molecular-mass metal chelator nicotianamine (NA) from the 2-aminobutyrate moieties of three SAM molecules. (bvsalud.org)
  • Exogenous ascorbate also induces a moderate increase in programmed cell death symptoms in intact roots, but it does not activate Ca2+ influx currents in patch-clamped root protoplasts. (deepdyve.com)
  • MIOX was found to be the rate-limiting step of the biosynthesis route for such low titers [ 2 ]. (biomedcentral.com)