ReceptorsBronchodilatorAdenylyl cyclaseLong-acting beta-aEpinephrineAntagonistsBlockersSympathomimetic agentsAerosol bronchodilatorsSelectiveBronchodilatorsSalbutamolDrugsReceptor functionMeSHConverselyBronchospasm in patientsMedicationsDecreaseFormoterolBronchodilatoryDosingTerbutalineEndogenousClinicalInflammatoryAqueousAirwayAsthmaSalmeterolMechanismMolecularDopamine beta-hydroxProteinFluticasoneAlphaDrugTreatmentEffectPatientsHigh
Receptors17
- Most agonists of the beta receptors are selective for one or more beta-adrenoreceptors. (wikipedia.org)
- Selectively blocks beta1-adrenergic receptors with little or no effect on beta2-receptors. (medscape.com)
- Glucorticoids and adrenergic stimulation are both thought to control the development of beta-adrenergic receptors/responses. (rti.org)
- Release of endogenous catecholamines and activation of the beta-adrenergic receptors (b-AR) have also been shown to be involved in ischaemic preconditioning. (sun.ac.za)
- the respective roles of the A1-, A2-, A3-adenosine receptors as well as the involvement of the PI3-K/PKB/Akt and ERKp44/p42 signal transduction pathways, in the cardioprotective phenomemon of -adrenergic preconditioning and (iv) the contribution of the mitochondrial KATP channels (mKATP), reactive oxygen species and NO to the mechanism of -AR-induced cardioprotection. (sun.ac.za)
- They express a high level of beta2-adrenergic receptors but their function is unknown. (mysciencework.com)
- To date, however, mutagenesis studies with the beta 2-adrenergic receptor have not clarified this question since mutant receptors with impaired abilities to activate Gs have generally possessed a diminished capacity to form the ternary complex as assessed in binding assays. (duke.edu)
- To understand better the cellular mechanisms of NE and its adrenergic receptors in the LA, we used antibodies directed against dopamine beta-hydroxylase (DβH), the synthetic enzyme for NE, or against two different isoforms of the beta-adrenergic receptors (βARs), one that predominately recognizes neurons (βAR 248) and the other astrocytes (βAR 404), to characterize the microenvironments of DβH and βAR. (frontiersin.org)
- During embryo development, Beta adrenergic receptors are involved in fetal growth, tissue differentiation and axonal outgrowth. (proteopedia.org)
- Rapid desensitization of neonatal rat liver beta-adrenergic receptors. (jci.org)
- Exposure of beta-adrenergic receptors (BAR) to agonists often leads to a rapid loss of receptor responsiveness. (jci.org)
- The proposed mechanisms of such rapid receptor desensitization include receptor phosphorylation by either cAMP-dependent protein kinase or the specific beta-adrenergic receptor kinase (BARK), leading to functional uncoupling from adenylyl cyclase and sequestration of the receptors away from the cell surface. (jci.org)
- Metaproterenol acts like any other beta adrenergic agonist through beta-2 adrenergic receptors which are predominant in bronchial smooth muscles. (essaywriter.org)
- In the smooth muscle, it causes relaxation by acting on intracellular adenyl cyclase beta-2 adrenergic receptors that cause increases in cyclic AMP through the conversation of ATP ("Metaproterenol: Indications, Side Effects, Warnings - Drugs.com", 2017). (essaywriter.org)
- Methods Using an extensive range of pharmacological tools, the relaxant potential of PGE 2 and selective agonists for the EP 1-4 receptors in the presence and absence of selective antagonists in guinea pig, murine, monkey, rat and human isolated airways was investigated. (bmj.com)
- Stuckey et al19 evaluated whether an 8-week and central alpha 2-1 and beta-adrenergic receptors. (bvsalud.org)
- It is a partial agonist at beta adrenergic receptors and acts as a coronary vasodilator and cardiotonic agent. (bvsalud.org)
Bronchodilator6
- Terbutaline sulfate injection, USP is a beta-adrenergic agonist bronchodilator available as a sterile, nonpyrogenic, aqueous solution in vials, for subcutaneous administration. (rxlist.com)
- If the symptoms persist, this is an indication of poorly controlled asthma, and allergist / immunologist should be consulted to adjust prescription for the long acting bronchodilator since they are suitable for constant regulation and control of asthma symptoms ("Short-Acting Beta2-Agonists for Quick Relief of Asthma Symptoms", 2015). (essaywriter.org)
- The paper is geared at the compressive analysis of three short acting adrenergic bronchodilator agents namely Metaproterenol, Albuterol, and Levalbuterol. (essaywriter.org)
- These data explain the lack of bronchodilator activity observed with selective EP 2 receptor agonists in clinical studies. (bmj.com)
- New bronchodilator therapies are needed, given that currently approved bronchodilators such as long-acting β 2 adrenoceptor agonists often fail to relieve symptoms of COPD and severe asthma and safety concerns have been raised over long-term use. (bmj.com)
- The preferred bronchodilator has changed from methylxanthines, and anticholinergics methylxanthines to beta -adrenergic agonists. (cdc.gov)
Adenylyl cyclase2
- Scholars@Duke publication: A mutation of the beta 2-adrenergic receptor impairs agonist activation of adenylyl cyclase without affecting high affinity agonist binding. (duke.edu)
- When tested with beta-adrenergic agonists, the maximal adenylyl cyclase response mediated by this mutant receptor was less than one-half of that seen with the wild-type receptor. (duke.edu)
Long-acting beta-a2
- Issues for future research include the effects of the newer long-acting beta-agonists, large versus small airway effects, and combination effects with other inhaled therapeutic agents (eg, steroids and ion-channel blockers). (nih.gov)
- Any inhaled long-acting beta-agonists (LABAs) being taken by these patients were discontinued. (medscape.com)
Epinephrine5
- Indications of administration for β agonists include: Bradycardia (slow heart rate) Asthma Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) Heart failure Allergic reactions Hyperkalemia Beta blocker poisoning Premature labor (this is an off-label use and could be detrimental) Although minor compared to those of epinephrine, beta agonists usually have mild to moderate adverse effects, which include anxiety, hypertension, increased heart rate, and insomnia. (wikipedia.org)
- Selected examples are: Arformoterol Buphenine Clenbuterol Dopexamine (β1 and β2) Epinephrine (non-selective) Fenoterol Formoterol Isoetarine Isoprenaline (INN), isoproterenol (USAN) (β1 and β2) Levosalbutamol (INN), levalbuterol (USAN) Orciprenaline (INN), metaproterenol (USAN) Pirbuterol Procaterol Ritodrine Salbutamol (INN), albuterol (USAN) Salmeterol Terbutaline These agents are also listed as agonists by MeSH. (wikipedia.org)
- We demonstrate that CECs express key enzymes required for epinephrine (beta-adrenergic receptor agonist) synthesis in the cytoplasm and can detect epinephrine in cell extracts. (mysciencework.com)
- Epinephrine belongs to a class of drugs called alpha-adrenergic and beta-adrenergic receptor agonists. (medicalnewstoday.com)
- Epinephrine oral inhalation is in a class of medications called alpha- and beta-adrenergic agonists (sympathomimetic agents). (safemedication.com)
Antagonists4
- Beta-adrenergic receptor agonists delay while antagonists acce. (mysciencework.com)
- Beta-adrenergic receptor agonists delay while antagonists accelerate epithelial wound healing: evidence of an endogenous adrenergic network within the corneal epithelium. (mysciencework.com)
- Conversely, beta-adrenergic receptor antagonists accelerate CEC migration, enhance electric field-mediated directional migration, and promote corneal wound repair. (mysciencework.com)
- Beta blockers (β-blockers, beta-adrenergic blocking agents, beta antagonists, beta-adrenergic antagonists, beta-adrenoreceptor antagonists, or beta adrenergic receptor antagonists) are a class of drugs that are particularly used for the management of cardiac arrhythmias, protecting the heart from a second heart attack (myocardial infarction) after a first heart attack (secondary prevention), and, in certain cases, hypertension. (loinc.org)
Blockers6
- Nonselective beta-blockers (eg, timolol maleate, levobunolol) are controversial because as visual-field progression is possibly due to secondary aggravated nocturnal arterial hypotension. (medscape.com)
- Terbutaline Sulfate may interact with antidepressants , beta-blockers, and diuretics (water pills). (rxlist.com)
- Beta-blockers: May decrease effectiveness of PROAIR RESPICLICK and produce severe bronchospasm. (nih.gov)
- Patients with asthma should not normally be treated with beta-blockers. (nih.gov)
- Beta-blockers: May block bronchodilatory effects of beta-agonists and produce severe bronchospasm. (nih.gov)
- Beta-blockers are used in a variety of glaucoma eye drops. (optometrists.org)
Sympathomimetic agents1
- They are a class of sympathomimetic agents, each acting upon the beta adrenoceptors. (wikipedia.org)
Aerosol bronchodilators2
- Other short-acting sympathomimetic aerosol bronchodilators and adrenergic drugs: May potentiate effect. (nih.gov)
- The Metaproterenol should not be used with other beta adrenergic aerosol bronchodilators as it can result in additive effects. (essaywriter.org)
Selective3
- For example, patients with low heart rate are given beta agonist treatments that are more "cardio-selective" such as dobutamine, which increases the force of contraction of the heart muscle. (wikipedia.org)
- Selective FP prostanoid receptor agonist believed to reduce IOP by increasing uveoscleral outflow. (medscape.com)
- A phenoxypropanolamine derivative that is a selective beta-1- adrenergic agonist . (online-medical-dictionary.org)
Bronchodilators2
- Currently approved bronchodilators such as long-acting β 2 adrenoceptor agonists are the mainstay treatments but often fail to relieve symptoms of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and severe asthma and safety concerns have been raised over long-term use. (bmj.com)
- It has been known for many years that anticholinergic agents are effective bronchodilators for asthma and COPD , although they are less potent than beta-agonists in the management of asthma. (medscape.com)
Salbutamol2
- Importantly, PGE 2 causes heterologous β 2 -AR desensitization and reduces cAMP production in response to short-Acting (salbutamol) and long-Acting (formoterol) β 2 -Agonists. (monash.edu)
- This is likely to contain terbutaline or salbutamol, which are beta-2 adrenergic agonists. (medic8.com)
Drugs1
- After clinical trials found that drugs that clear beta-amyloid from the brain failed to slow the disease's progression, attempts to find a treatment have shifted to tau. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Receptor function1
- Furthermore, our data indicate that in addition to its suggested role as a rapid modulator of adrenergic receptor function at synapse, rapid BARK-mediated receptor regulation may have functional relevance in other tissues in response to high circulating or local levels of agonists. (jci.org)
MeSH1
- Adrenergic+beta-Agonists at the U.S. National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) Delbruck, Max. (wikipedia.org)
Conversely1
- Conversely, beta-agonists decrease the expression of CD40L in healthy subjects. (boisestate.edu)
Bronchospasm in patients1
- Terbutaline Sulfate Injection is a beta-adrenergic receptor agonist used for the prevention and reversal of bronchospasm in patients 12 years of age and older with asthma and reversible bronchospasm associated with bronchitis and emphysema . (rxlist.com)
Medications3
- Beta adrenergic agonists or beta agonists are medications that relax muscles of the airways, causing widening of the airways and resulting in easier breathing. (wikipedia.org)
- These medications are also known as short-acting beta-agonists (SABAs). (essaywriter.org)
- In particular, the drug belongs to beta-adrenergic agonist class which is a group of medications which work the same way and treats the similar medical problem. (essaywriter.org)
Decrease3
- Beta-adrenergic receptor agonists delay CEC migration via a protein phosphatase 2A-mediated mechanism and decrease both electric field-directed migration and corneal wound healing. (mysciencework.com)
- Comment: Tricyclic antidepressants increase or decrease effects of sympathomimetics, by blocking reuptake of NE, or blocking uptake of indirect sympathomimetics into the adrenergic neuron. (medscape.com)
- Alpha-adrenergic agonists decrease the rate of fluid production. (optometrists.org)
Formoterol1
- Hearts were preconditioned with 5 min isoproterenol 0.1 μM ( 1/ 2-AR agonist), or formoterol 1 nM ( 2-AR agonist) or BRL 37344 1 μM ( 3-AR agonist) followed by 5 min reperfusion. (sun.ac.za)
Bronchodilatory1
- Recent research has revealed that β 2 - Adrenergic receptor (β 2 -AR) agonists lose bronchodilatory efficacy because the receptor-mediated molecular pathways responsible for their beneficial actions are desensitized by infection. (monash.edu)
Dosing1
- Little is known about chronic effects, but studies with dosing for up to a week also suggest an enhancement of mucociliary clearance, primarily by agonists that are lipophilic. (nih.gov)
Terbutaline2
- In the current study, rats were exposed to dexamethasone or terbutaline during late gestation and the development of beta-receptor binding capabilities and adenylate cyclase activity evaluated in membrane preparations from kidney and lung. (rti.org)
- Although dexamethasone and terbutaline also caused significant changes in development of beta-receptor binding capabilities, in neither tissue could these effects account for the direction or magnitude of the changes in adenylate cyclase reactivity. (rti.org)
Endogenous1
Clinical3
- β3 agonists are currently under clinical research and are thought to increase the breakdown of lipids in obese patients. (wikipedia.org)
- Relaxant activity of AH13205 (EP 2 agonist) was also demonstrated in guinea pig but not human airway tissue, which may explain its failure in clinical studies. (bmj.com)
- [ 2 ] A recent clinical trial shows that tiotropium bromide is an effective long-term asthma therapy and could be considered the treatment of choice if adrenergic agents are deemed inappropriate. (medscape.com)
Inflammatory2
- The impact of β 2 -AR desensitization is demonstrated by reduced gene expression of the critical anti-inflammatory molecule MKP-1 in response to β 2 -Agonists, as well as impaired bronchodilation in a mouse lung slices. (monash.edu)
- Beta -adrenergic agonists, 2 inflammatory agents. (cdc.gov)
Aqueous1
- Nonselective beta-adrenergic blocking agent that lowers IOP by reducing aqueous humor production and possibly increasing outflow of aqueous humor. (medscape.com)
Airway1
- This double-blind study investigates whether isoflurane/N2O anesthesia adds to the bronchodilating effect of the beta 2-adrenergic agonist, fenoterol, after an endotracheal tube (ETT)-induced increase in airway resistance. (druglib.com)
Asthma3
- Short-acting beta-adrenergic agonists have been shown to enhance mucociliary clearance rates to varying degrees in patients with various lung diseases (eg, asthma, chronic bronchitis, and cystic fibrosis), although the enhancement is generally less than that seen in the normal lung. (nih.gov)
- Although beta-adrenergic agonists are effective in relieving the symptoms of asthma, serious concerns regarding their safety have persisted for more than 20 years. (boisestate.edu)
- Sereflo should not be used for patients with mild asthma and may not be appropriate for patients with mild to moderate asthma, in whom a low dose of the inhaled corticosteroid, either alone or with a long-acting β 2 agonist, may be required. (medicines.org.uk)
Salmeterol1
- As an alternative, patients requiring a long- acting β 2 agonist could be titrated to salmeterol and fluticasone propionate given once daily in the opinion of the prescriber, it would be adequate to maintain disease control. (medicines.org.uk)
Mechanism2
- However, the exact mechanism whereby activation of the - adrenergic signal transduction pathway leads to cardioprotection, is still unknown. (sun.ac.za)
- We propose that the mechanism for the pro-motogenic effect of the beta-adrenergic antagonist is blockade of the beta2-adrenergic receptor preventing autocrine catecholamine binding. (mysciencework.com)
Molecular1
- Our data thereby suggest that the molecular determinants of the beta 2-adrenergic receptor involved in formation of the ternary complex are not identical to those that transmit the agonist-induced stimulatory signal to Gs. (duke.edu)
Dopamine beta-hydrox1
- To understand better the cellular mechanisms of NE's contributions to fear learning, we examined the anatomical organization of NE terminals and βARs in the LA. In this study, we employed immunoelectron microscopy to determine whether terminals immunoreactive for dopamine beta-hydroxylase (DβH), the synthetic enzyme for NE, form synaptic junctions in the LA and if so, examine these synapses and identify the post-synaptic targets on NE terminals. (frontiersin.org)
Protein5
- Beta-agonists, by increasing cAMP levels in the cell, can elevate the expression of CD40L protein on T cells from asthmatics. (boisestate.edu)
- Activation of guanyl nucleotide regulatory proteins (G proteins) by hormones and neurotransmitters appears to require the formation of high affinity agonist-receptor-G protein ternary complexes. (duke.edu)
- In the case of the beta 2-adrenergic receptor, multiple regions of the molecule have been implicated in coupling to the stimulatory G protein Gs. (duke.edu)
- Beta-2 Adrenergic Receptor s (B2ARs) are a type of G Protein-Coupled Receptor (GPCR) . (proteopedia.org)
- The plaques consist of a protein called beta-amyloid, while another protein called tau makes up the tangles. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Fluticasone1
- Breo is a fixed-dose combination of the inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) fluticasone furoate (FF) and the long-acting beta 2 -agonist (LABA) vilanterol (VI). (gsk.com)
Alpha1
- Arbutamine Befunolol Bromoacetylalprenololmenthane Broxaterol Cimaterol Cirazoline Etilefrine Hexoprenaline Higenamine Isoxsuprine Mabuterol Methoxyphenamine Oxyfedrine Ractopamine Reproterol Rimiterol Tretoquinol Tulobuterol Zilpaterol Zinterol Alpha-adrenergic agonist "WHAT ARE BETA-AGONISTS? (wikipedia.org)
Drug2
- citation needed] In 2013, zilpaterol, a β agonist sold by Merck, was temporarily withdrawn due to signs of sickness in some cattle that were fed the drug. (wikipedia.org)
- Drug-utilisation studies have shown that medical resource utilisation (MRU) is increased three-fold among high users of inhaled β‐agonists. (ersjournals.com)
Treatment1
- BACKGROUND Mirabegron is a β3-adrenergic receptor (β3-AR) agonist approved only for the treatment of overactive bladder. (jci.org)
Effect1
- Isoflurane anesthesia does not add to the bronchodilating effect of a beta 2-adrenergic agonist after tracheal intubation. (druglib.com)
Patients1
- patients already adequately controlled on an inhaled corticosteroid in a mid or high strength and a long-acting β 2 agonist. (medicines.org.uk)