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AmmoniaBacteriaGram-Negative BacteriaGram-Positive BacteriaBacteria, AnaerobicRNA, Ribosomal, 16SMolecular Sequence DataDNA, BacterialBacterial ProteinsPhylogenyBacteria, AerobicNitrosomonasEscherichia coliDNA, RibosomalNitrogenSequence Analysis, DNAWater MicrobiologySoil MicrobiologyCarbamoyl-Phosphate Synthase (Ammonia)Gram-Negative Anaerobic BacteriaSeawaterUreaGlutamate-Ammonia LigaseHydrogen-Ion ConcentrationNitrificationGlutamineGram-Negative Aerobic BacteriaCulture MediaHyperammonemiaBacterial Physiological PhenomenaGenes, BacterialAnti-Bacterial AgentsAmmonium ChlorideAnaerobiosisRNA, BacterialColony Count, MicrobialGene Expression Regulation, BacterialNitrogen RadioisotopesSulfur-Reducing BacteriaArchaeaSymbiosisFresh WaterGenes, rRNABiodegradation, EnvironmentalRumenBetaproteobacteriaAmino Acid SequenceOxidation-ReductionGenome, BacterialSpecies SpecificityPseudomonasBase SequenceEnterobacteriaceaeBase CompositionAmino AcidsBacterial AdhesionGeologic SedimentsOxidoreductasesManureAerobiosisProteobacteriaGammaproteobacteriaQuaternary Ammonium CompoundsBacteriological TechniquesNitrosomonas europaeaBacteroidesBiofilmsGlutaminaseTemperatureMicrobial Sensitivity TestsFecesNitrogen FixationBacterial InfectionsFermentationGlutamate DehydrogenaseHepatic EncephalopathyUreaseBacterial Typing TechniquesStreptococcusPseudomonas aeruginosaMethaneAcetyleneGillsMutationKineticsBacillusClostridiumBacteroidaceaeStaphylococcus aureusCloning, MolecularFatty Acids, VolatileBioreactorsVirulencePolymerase Chain ReactionNitratesMicrobial ViabilityFatty AcidsVibrioGlutamate SynthasePlasmids
OxidationArchaeaNitriteNitrificationFungiIncreased ammonia levelsBeneficial bacteriaReducing ammonia levels in patientsStrainsNitrosomonasUrea to ammoniaCirrhosisUrineChlorineConcentrations of ammoniaIntestinal bacteriaAnammox bacteriaHeterotrophicIntestinesMicrobialHepaticToxicNitrogen from the airSoilProteusNutrientLiver diseaseAbundanceBiochemistryNitratesAqueousReduce bacteriaCarbonUtilizationLevelsWaterOxygenDustStomachAntibioticHarmfulEnzymeCelluloseORGANISMSConvertUrinaryNaturallyIsolationHydrogenMicrobiologyMetabolismThriveExposureBiogeochemicalLipids
Oxidation16
  • Acclimation of the mixed culture nitrifying consortia to co-exposure and co-oxidation of ammonia and methane were shown at multiple levels (reactor performance, biomass concentrations, bacterial activities, and genes expression). (columbia.edu)
  • On the other hand, experiments with axenic AOB culture showed that methane exposure negatively and reversibly affected ammonia oxidation and AOB growth. (columbia.edu)
  • In this study, ammonia oxidation (AO) and nitrite oxidation (NO) rates were analyzed with the incubation of activated sludge from Xinfeng WWTPs (Taiwan, China), and the community composition of nitrification communities were investigated by high-throughput sequencing. (springeropen.com)
  • Preliminary experiments on nitrite-oxidising bacteria showed no evidence of I− to IO3− oxidation. (york.ac.uk)
  • If the link between ammonia and I− oxidation observed here is representative, our ocean iodine cycling model predicts that future changes in marine nitrification could alter global sea surface I− fields with potential implications for atmospheric chemistry and air quality. (york.ac.uk)
  • Nitrite is produced by beneficial bacteria in the pond and the oxidation of harmful waste ammonia excreted by fish. (macallumocean.com)
  • The medium pH and alkalinity was raised by addition of 2 V/W % sodium carbonate to desirable level, which resulted in considerable ammonia oxidation. (irost.ir)
  • Nitrite reduction by Nitrosomonas is observed under three conditions: (i) hydrogen-dependent denitrification, (ii) anoxic ammonia oxidation with nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and (iii) NOx-induced aerobic ammonia oxidation. (edu.sa)
  • Absence of nitric oxide (NO), which is generally detectable during ammonia oxidation, severely impairs ammonia oxidation by AOB. (edu.sa)
  • The lag phase of recovery of aerobic ammonia oxidation was significantly reduced by NO2 addition. (edu.sa)
  • Acetylene inhibition tests showed that NO2-dependent and oxygen-dependent ammonia oxidation can be distinguished. (edu.sa)
  • Addition of NOx increased specific activity of ammonia oxidation, growth rate and denitrification capacity. (edu.sa)
  • Together, these findings resulted in a hypothetical model on the role of NOx in ammonia oxidation: the NOx cycle. (edu.sa)
  • Increased AOB abundance and community shifts following N-addition may change soil N-cycling, as larger population sizes may promote higher rates of ammonia oxidation and subsequently increase N loss via gaseous and soil N-leaching. (ufz.de)
  • Ammonia Oxidizing Bacteria (AOB) kinetic parameters estimated using the actual maximum ammonia oxidation rate. (unifi.it)
  • Members living in anoxic waters and sediments carry out ANAEROBIC AMMONIA OXIDATION. (bvsalud.org)
Archaea6
  • In contrast, the abundance of ammonia-oxidizing archaea (AOA) was much lower than AOB, only with 1.28-1.53 × 10 5 copies/g in samples A and B. The AOA community was dominated by Nitrosotenuis , Nitrosocosmicus, and Nitrososphaera, while the AOB community mainly consisted of Nitrosomonas and Nitrosococcus . (springeropen.com)
  • We focused on three key microbial groups responsible for two essential processes of the global N cycle: N 2 fixation (soil diazotrophs) and nitrification (AOA: ammonia-oxidizing archaea and AOB: ammonia-oxidizing bacteria). (ufz.de)
  • In this process, ammonia is oxidized to nitrite by ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) and archaea (AOA). (uwaterloo.ca)
  • Organisms that can convert CO 2 into organic molecules are called autotrophs, and include plants, algae, some bacteria, and some archaea. (kenyon.edu)
  • All things now living on Earth belong to one of the three main groups called Bacteria, Archaea and Eukaryotes (all plants and animals are included here). (lu.se)
  • The organisms we commonly call bacteria belong to the group bacteria or archaea. (lu.se)
Nitrite10
  • Furthermore, the accumulation of nitrite and a more substantive impact on nitrite oxidizing bacteria growth (compared to AOB) indicated the possibility for partial nitrification (ammonia-N to nitrite-N) coupled with biomethanol production, thereby opening the prospect for even more resource-efficient concurrent carbon and nitrogen management and removal. (columbia.edu)
  • The abundance of the nitrite-oxidizing bacteria (NOB) Nitrospira was 0.89-4.95 × 10 11 copies/g in both samples A and B, the abundance of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) was 1.01-9.74 × 10 9 copies/g. (springeropen.com)
  • Specially Formulated For Rapid Ammonia & Nitrite Reduction MICROBE-LIFT/Nite-Out II is designed specifically for pond waters that contain marine. (macallumocean.com)
  • Nitrosomonas convert ammonia to nitrite and Nitrobacter and Nitrospira convert nitrite to nitrate. (macallumocean.com)
  • Even though nitrite is not as toxic as ammonia, it is still very damaging to the health of fish. (macallumocean.com)
  • abstract = "Ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) can use oxygen and nitrite as electron acceptors. (edu.sa)
  • NOx molecules play an important role in the conversion of ammonia and nitrite by AOB. (edu.sa)
  • Nitrification, the biological conversion of ammonia to nitrate, via nitrite, is an important process in both natural and engineered systems. (uwaterloo.ca)
  • You'll be done if you put ammonia 1ppm one day, wait 24 hours, and have a reading of 0 ammonia, 0 nitrite, and some levels of nitrate . (fishlore.com)
  • Your system has no discernible ammonia, nitrite. (wetwebmedia.com)
Nitrification7
  • Pure culture AOB (Nitrosmonas europaea and Nitrosomonas eutropha) and mixed culture nitrifying consortia were cultivated in bioreactors and continuously exposed to methane to study the responses of nitrifying bacteria at reactor level (nitrification performance) and molecular level (genes and proteins expression). (columbia.edu)
  • Ali and Okabe 2015 ) in which ammonia is firstly transformed to nitrate via nitrification, with nitrate then converted to nitrogen gas by anoxic biotransformation using organic carbon as an electron source (Yang et al. (springeropen.com)
  • Its highly-specialized microbial consortium of nitrifying cultures are specially formulated to eliminate ammonia via a natural biological process termed nitrification. (macallumocean.com)
  • The cultures contained in MICROBE-LIFT/Nite-Out II will establish, promote or stabilize and maintain nitrification in pond waters, eliminating the toxic effect of ammonia. (macallumocean.com)
  • Further literature experience the procedure as showing that the autotrophic organism synthesis nitrification of certain wastewater at higher rate than heterotrophic bacteria and fungi. (irost.ir)
  • The 8th microbial consortium resulted as choice source of isolated bacteria for nitrification of the same wastewater. (irost.ir)
  • Ammonia nitrification of a petrochemical wastewater by the eight generation of microbial consortium of autotrophic bacteria', Microbiology, Metabolites and Biotechnology , 3(1), pp. 63-73. (irost.ir)
Fungi3
  • For this study, the researchers created 12 different MPNs and used them to encapsulate Pseudomonas chlororaphis , a nitrogen-fixing bacterium that also protects plants against harmful fungi and other pests. (scienceblog.com)
  • 2012. Fungi, bacteria and soil pH: the oxalate-carbonate pathway as a model for metabolic interaction. (unine.ch)
  • These antigens include organic dusts containing bacteria, fungi,4 animal or plant proteins, or low-molecular-weight chemicals. (cdc.gov)
Increased ammonia levels1
Beneficial bacteria2
  • I'm looking for some help, I purchased a bottle of household ammonia back a few years ago to ghost feed a tank to establish a colony of beneficial bacteria in the filter (before buying fish) off of advise from other fish hobbyists. (fishforums.net)
  • Through FMT, we want to reset the gut microbiome by returning the friendly, beneficial bacteria to patients. (medscape.com)
Reducing ammonia levels in patients1
  • Edwards' co-investigator, Debbie L. Shawcross, MD, also from King's College London, added: "This landmark trial provides evidence that a fecal transplant can improve gut health by modifying the gut microbiome and reducing ammonia levels in patients with cirrhosis. (medscape.com)
Strains4
Nitrosomonas4
Urea to ammonia1
Cirrhosis3
  • Hepatic encephalopathy (HE) is common in patients with cirrhosis and is characterised by reduced hepatic ammonia clearance. (nih.gov)
  • VIENNA, Austria - Fecal microbiota transplants (FMT) can reset gut microbiota leading to strengthened gut barrier function and mucosal immunity, along with improved ammonia metabolism in patients with cirrhosis, show data from a pilot study now expanded into a large multisite UK trial. (medscape.com)
  • Noiret L, Baigent S, Jalan R. Arterial ammonia levels in cirrhosis are determined by systemic and hepatic hemodynamics, and organs function: a quantitative modelling study. (medscape.com)
Urine7
  • There are tests to measure ammonia in blood and urine. (cdc.gov)
  • The Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS), There are tests to measure ammonia in blood and urine. (cdc.gov)
  • First, urine contains ammonia. (answers.com)
  • Urine contains broken down blood proteins in the form of billirubin, so bacteria may be able to feed on that. (answers.com)
  • Cat urine is quite musky and may also contain a higher concentration of ammonia since cats are naturally carnivores. (answers.com)
  • About 10-15% of kidney stones are struvite stones, caused by alkalinization of the urine by the action of the urease enzyme (which splits urea into ammonia and carbon dioxide) of Proteus (and other) bacterial species. (wikipedia.org)
  • Ammonia (NH3) - blood and urine. (ucsfbenioffchildrens.org)
Chlorine3
Concentrations of ammonia7
  • The objective of the current case study was to compare concentrations of ammonia, dust and bacteria in 3 such systems: 1) a floor housing system, 2) a multilevel system, and 3) a system with furnished cages. (stami.no)
  • Daily average concentrations of ammonia were 3-12 ppm in the house with furnished cages, 21-42 ppm in the multilevel system, and 66-120 ppm in the floor housing system. (stami.no)
  • In the system with furnished cages, concentrations of ammonia and dust were of the same magnitude or below concentrations found to reduce pulmonary function in. (stami.no)
  • No health effects have been found in humans exposed to typical environmental concentrations of ammonia. (cdc.gov)
  • Lung damage and death may occur after exposure to very high concentrations of ammonia. (cdc.gov)
  • typical environmental concentrations of ammonia. (cdc.gov)
  • high concentrations of ammonia. (cdc.gov)
Intestinal bacteria2
Anammox bacteria2
  • 2013 ). However, due to the long doubling time and low typically biological yield of anammox bacteria in bioreactor systems, establishing anammox-inoculated WWTPs capable of effective inorganic nitrogen removal is time-consuming compared to conventional WWTP processes (Ali et al. (springeropen.com)
  • 2012. Abundance of anammox bacteria in different wetland soils. (unine.ch)
Heterotrophic1
  • A prolonged, poor and irreproducible result was obtained, which was perhaps on the count of higher ratio of heterotrophic bacteria. (irost.ir)
Intestines4
Microbial1
  • Modifying the microbial-associated ammonia production and utilization could reduce hepatic encephalopathy and deadly infections, said Lindsey A. Edwards, PhD, from the Institute of Liver Studies, King's College London, England, and co-lead investigator on the PROFIT trial , presenting here at the International Liver Congress of the European Association for the Study of the Liver (EASL) 2023. (medscape.com)
Hepatic1
Toxic5
  • High and toxic levels of ammonia and nitrates and high levels of organic wastes will upset the balance of the water's chemistry. (bioremediate.com)
  • Urea is also a waste product, but it is much less toxic than ammonia. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Ammonia is especially toxic to the brain. (medlineplus.gov)
  • This test may be done if you have, or your provider thinks you have, a condition that may cause a toxic buildup of ammonia. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Hydrothion (H 2 S) and ammonia (NH 3 ) can be toxic for the human central nervous system and cause psychological disturbances and behavioral disorders. (hindawi.com)
Nitrogen from the air2
Soil8
  • Ammonia is found throughout the environment in the air, soil, and water, and in plants and animals including humans. (cdc.gov)
  • Ammonia is applied directly into soil on farm fields, and is used to make fertilizers for farm crops, lawns, and plants. (cdc.gov)
  • Everyone is exposed to low levels of naturally-occurring ammonia in air, food, water, and soil. (cdc.gov)
  • It is an important source of nitrogen which is ammonia in air, food, water, and soil. (cdc.gov)
  • Ammonia is applied directly into soil on farm fields, and is skin, eyes, throat, and lungs and cause coughing and burns. (cdc.gov)
  • Bacteria that can convert nitrogen gas to ammonia could not only provide nutrients that plants need, but also help regenerate soil and protect plants from pests. (scienceblog.com)
  • 2013. Identification of active oxalotrophic bacteria by bromodeoxyuridine DNA-labeling in a microcosm soil experiment. (unine.ch)
  • One gram of soil can contain around 40 million bacteria, and one millilitre of fresh water can contain one million. (lu.se)
Proteus2
Nutrient3
  • High levels of ammonia can change the nutrient ratio in the pond, resulting in algal or cyanobacteria blooms. (bioremediate.com)
  • Ammonia does not build up in the food chain, but serves as a nutrient for plants and bacteria. (cdc.gov)
  • Measurements were made of phytoplankton, microzooplankton, mesozooplankton and bacteria: physical measurements included the use of Argos drifting buoys, ADCP and small scale turbulence measurements: chemical properties determined were nutrient concentrations, dissolved oxygen, alkalinity and pCO2. (bodc.ac.uk)
Liver disease2
  • Normally, the liver gets rid of ammonia, but liver disease can cause too much ammonia to build up in the body. (webmd.com)
  • These pathogenic bacteria can be deadly to liver disease patients, particularly if they pick up an antibiotic resistant infection," explained Edwards. (medscape.com)
Abundance1
  • Flocks of seasonal ducks and geese, or the overfeeding of stocked fish can also result in an abundance of ammonia in the pond. (bioremediate.com)
Biochemistry1
  • Bacteria are also used in molecular biology, biochemistry and genetics research, because they can grow quickly and are relatively easy to manipulate. (lu.se)
Nitrates2
Aqueous1
Reduce bacteria3
  • What types of hygiene and household cleaning applications utilize salt to reduce bacteria? (wordfeeder.com)
  • DRYGIENE™ is an all-natural, super-absorbent, anti-bacterial desiccant powder to control humidity, suppress ammonia and reduce bacteria in your barns. (a2zinc.net)
  • Application of DRYGIENE™ after washing, disinfecting and drying can further reduce bacteria levels 2-6 times more than washing, disinfecting and drying alone. (a2zinc.net)
Carbon5
  • Bioconversion of methane to methanol using ammonia oxidizing bacteria (AOB), a process relies on the activity of ammonia monooxygenase expressed by AOB, offers an alternative and sustainable carbon source as all the components (ammonia, AOB, and methane) are often available within the water resource recovery facilities. (columbia.edu)
  • MIT chemists hope to help reduce that carbon footprint by replacing some chemical fertilizer with a more sustainable source - bacteria. (scienceblog.com)
  • Some bacteria specifically involved in carbon fixation are Cyanobacteria (such as Chroococcus , Nostoc , and Spirulina ) and some species of Aquifex ,such as Aquifex aeolicus . (kenyon.edu)
  • Foraminifera have complex trophic strategies as they often rely on bacteria and eukaryotes or on potential symbionts for carbon and nitrogen resources. (lu.se)
  • Through their consumption, bacteria, together with other organisms, contribute to the decomposition of dead plants and animals which eventually results in both carbon dioxide that can be used in photosynthesis, and minerals that can once again be absorbed by plants - thereby making the ecosystem cycle come full circle. (lu.se)
Utilization1
  • DNA homologies, G + C content of the DNA, shape and ultrastructure of the cells, salt requirements, ammonia tolerance, utilization of urea as ammonia source, and whole-cell protein patterns were analysed. (microbiologyresearch.org)
Levels13
  • Water testing with an aquarium test kit (ammonia colormetric kit) can alert you to higher than normal ammonia levels. (bioremediate.com)
  • If the ammonia levels are particularly high, then nitrifying bacteria should also be added to the pond. (bioremediate.com)
  • Exposure to high levels of ammonia can cause irritation and serious burns on the skin and in the mouth, throat, lungs, and eyes. (cdc.gov)
  • At very high levels, ammonia can even cause death. (cdc.gov)
  • You may be exposed to higher levels during use of cleaning products containing ammonia. (cdc.gov)
  • You may be exposed to higher levels if you apply ammonia fertilizers or live near farms where these fertilizers have been applied. (cdc.gov)
  • Exposure to high levels of ammonia in air may be irritating to your skin, eyes, throat, and lungs and cause coughing and burns. (cdc.gov)
  • Children are less likely than adults to be exposed to concentrated levels of ammonia because most exposures occur at work. (cdc.gov)
  • concentrated levels of ammonia because most exposures occur at work. (cdc.gov)
  • We do not know if exposure to ammonia that the levels of ammonia and ammonium salts typically causes birth defects, or if it can pass to the fetus across the found in foods do not pose a risk to human health. (cdc.gov)
  • High levels of ammonia in aquatic environments can lead to eutrophication, oxygen depletion, and toxicity to aquatic animals. (uwaterloo.ca)
  • Cognitive improvement occurred without a significant change in ammonia levels. (nih.gov)
  • After 1 month, ammonia levels in the plasma were lower but higher in the feces, findings that were further enhanced at 3 months. (medscape.com)
Water6
  • These bacteria consume the nutrients in the water. (bioremediate.com)
  • Ammonia gas can be dissolved in water. (cdc.gov)
  • Do any types of bacteria thrive in salt water? (wordfeeder.com)
  • Also make sure there is water agitation so exchange of oxygen is good for bacteria. (fishlore.com)
  • In 99% of cycles that have slowed, all you need to do is change the water, redose ammonia , and the cycle will quickly complete. (fishlore.com)
  • Includes nitrogen, ammonia, and phosphorus which can reduce oxygen in surface waters, encourage the growth of harmful algal blooms, and contaminate drinking water. (cdc.gov)
Oxygen2
  • Purple sulfur bacteria inhabit the transition zone between the upper, oxygenated layer and the lower, oxygen-free, and sulfidic layer. (scitechdaily.com)
  • The oxygen content in the air - which most organisms today are dependent on - increased approximately 2.5 billion years ago, probably thanks to a special form of bacteria, cyanobacteria (also called blue-green algae). (lu.se)
Dust1
Stomach4
Antibiotic1
  • FMT stool was sourced from healthy, antibiotic-free, omnivorous individuals to ensure a good diversity of bacteria. (medscape.com)
Harmful1
  • It's one simple step our industry can take to DRAMATICALLY reduce harmful bacterias such as E. coli. (huffpost.com)
Enzyme1
  • Phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL): From discovery to enzyme substitution therapy for phenylketonuria. (cdc.gov)
Cellulose2
  • Bacteria can frequently be found in mutualistic relationships with detritivores: the bacteria degrades the cellulose to the point that the animal is able to digest it. (kenyon.edu)
  • They can be used in the production of many chemicals, such as cellulose, and bacteria produce many of the antibiotics used to treat bacterial infections. (lu.se)
ORGANISMS1
  • The ancestors of modern bacteria - single-celled organisms that were probably the first forms of life on earth - arose about four billion years ago. (lu.se)
Convert1
Urinary1
  • AHA is intended to decrease urinary ammonia and alkalinity, but it should not be used in lieu of curative surgical treatment (for patients with stones) or antimicrobial treatment. (rxlist.com)
Naturally2
  • Ammonia occurs naturally and is produced by human activity. (cdc.gov)
  • In the past it was common to sour and ferment food using naturally occurring probiotic bacteria. (lu.se)
Isolation2
  • Isolation of a moderate halophilic ammonia-oxidizing bacterium, Nitrosococcus mobilis nov. sp. (microbiologyresearch.org)
  • 2013. Isolation of oxalotrophic bacteria able to disperse on fungal mycelium. (unine.ch)
Hydrogen1
  • Ammonia (NH 3 ) and hydrothion (hydrogen sulphide, H 2 S) have long been known for their poisoning effect to human central nervous system and may cause psychological disturbances and behavioral disorders. (hindawi.com)
Microbiology1
  • Now, researchers at the Max Planck Institute for Marine Microbiology in Bremen have shown that under similarly barren conditions as in the Proterozoic ocean, a previously underappreciated group of bacteria can fix nitrogen very efficiently. (scitechdaily.com)
Metabolism1
  • Edwards explained that FMT modifies the gut microbiome, which metabolically reprograms by replenishing enzymes sourced from commensal bacteria that were previously depleted, causing a rise in ammonia metabolism such that it produces energy for the immune system and gut barrier. (medscape.com)
Thrive1
  • Elevating the pH does not allow bacteria to live and thrive on the surfaces of our food. (huffpost.com)
Exposure3
  • We do not know if exposure to ammonia causes birth defects, or if it can pass to the fetus across the placenta or to infants via breast milk. (cdc.gov)
  • How can families reduce the risk of exposure to ammonia? (cdc.gov)
  • Minimize exposure to ammonia in the workplace by wearing proper safety clothes and equipment, and by following safety rules. (cdc.gov)
Biogeochemical1
  • Using a combination of biogeochemical and molecular analyses, Philippi and colleagues discovered that the purple sulfur bacteria in Lake Cadagno fix nitrogen very efficiently. (scitechdaily.com)
Lipids1