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Pulmonary Gas ExchangeRespiration, ArtificialVentilation-Perfusion RatioTracheotomyNoble GasesIntermittent Positive-Pressure VentilationRespirationCarbon DioxidePulmonary Stretch ReceptorsBlood Gas AnalysisPulmonary VentilationOxygenRespiratory MechanicsArrhythmia, SinusPulmonary CirculationTidal VolumePartial PressureRespiratory Dead SpacePulmonary Diffusing CapacityVentilationOxygen ConsumptionRespiratory InsufficiencyLungRespiratory Function TestsGasesPulmonary EdemaHigh-Frequency VentilationRespiratory Distress Syndrome, AdultPositive-Pressure RespirationSmoke Inhalation InjuryHyperventilationPhysical ExertionAnoxiaCardiac OutputHemodynamicsInfant, NewbornHepatopulmonary SyndromeExercise TestExtravascular Lung WaterHigh-Frequency Jet VentilationExercisePulmonary AlveoliNoninvasive VentilationVentilator WeaningLung DiseasesVentilators, MechanicalVital CapacityBicyclingSpirometryHeart RateLung Volume MeasurementsDogsForced Expiratory VolumeIntubation, IntratrachealHypercapniaLung ComplianceWork of BreathingRespiratory TransportInhalationTime FactorsLactic AcidHeliumAir PressureVentilator-Induced Lung InjuryRespiratory Physiological PhenomenaNeonTracheostomyVentilators, Negative-PressureMasksRespiratory Distress Syndrome, NewbornLung InjuryOne-Lung VentilationAirway ResistanceIntensive Care UnitsFluorocarbonsLaryngeal MasksProne PositionIntermittent Positive-Pressure BreathingMaximal Voluntary VentilationAcute Lung InjuryIntensive CareApneaWater Loss, InsensiblePlant TranspirationHypoventilationRespiratory RateModels, BiologicalOxygen Inhalation TherapyFunctional Residual CapacityLung Diseases, ObstructiveRespiratory MusclesDiaphragmAirway ObstructionAnesthesia, GeneralPulmonary SurfactantsPressureLiquid VentilationKryptonNeuromuscular DiseasesKrypton Radioisotopes
MechanicalChronic obstrucRespirationAlveoliPerfusionPositive pressure veLungsAlveolarNoninvasiveOxygenationInterstitial pulmonaryVentilatoryArteryOxygenPneumoniaAdequateInvolving an artificial airwaySurfactantsARDSMechanicsHemodynamicsAirwaysComplianceNeuromuscular diseaseMajor constituentFibrosisHemorrhageMinute ventilationComplicationsAirway pressureAspirationTidal volumesTraumaCriticallyRespiratory gas exchangeImpairmentHypoxemiaECMOPatientsIntensive careBloodCompressionVentilatorCarbonEmphysemaMoleculesDisease
Mechanical47
  • Lung mechanics, exhaled NO (NOe), and TNF-alpha in serum and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid were assessed in eight closed and eight open chest, normal anesthetized rabbits undergoing prolonged (3-4 h) mechanical ventilation (MV) at low volume with physiological tidal volumes (10 ml/kg). (nih.gov)
  • These results indicate that mechanical injury of peripheral airways due to their cyclic opening and closing during ventilation at low volume results in changes in lung mechanics and reduction in NOe and that these alterations are not mediated by a proinflammatory process, since this is expressed by TNF-alpha levels. (nih.gov)
  • Pulmonary ventilation (and hence external parts of respiration) is achieved through manual insufflation of the lungs either by the rescuer blowing into the patient's lungs (mouth-to-mouth resuscitation), or by using a mechanical device to do so. (wikipedia.org)
  • Mechanical ventilation is a method to mechanically assist or replace spontaneous breathing. (wikipedia.org)
  • Mechanical ventilation is termed "invasive" if it involves any instrument penetrating through the mouth (such as an endotracheal tube) or the skin (such as a tracheostomy tube). (wikipedia.org)
  • There are two main modes of mechanical ventilation within the two divisions: positive pressure ventilation, where air (or another gas mix) is pushed into the trachea, and negative pressure ventilation, where air is, in essence, sucked into the lungs. (wikipedia.org)
  • Tracheal intubation is often used for short-term mechanical ventilation. (wikipedia.org)
  • Clear understanding of cardiopulmonary interactions associated with mechanical ventilation is required in the rational management of critically ill ventilator-dependent patients. (pitt.edu)
  • The hemodynamic effects of mechanical ventilation are complex and cannot be explained in terms of the interactions of single hemodynamic processes and cardiac function. (pitt.edu)
  • Mechanical ventilation in this population requires specific ventilatory settings due to the mechanical and inflammatory alterations observed in obesity. (nih.gov)
  • Noninvasive ventilation has been studied as a means of reducing complications among patients being weaned from invasive mechanical ventilation. (cmaj.ca)
  • We included trials comparing extubation and immediate application of noninvasive ventilation with continued invasive weaning in adults on mechanical ventilation. (cmaj.ca)
  • Patients with acute respiratory failure often require endotracheal intubation and mechanical ventilation to sustain life. (cmaj.ca)
  • PARTIAL liquid ventilation (PLV), combining the intrapulmonary instillation of perfluorocarbons in volumes up to the lung's functional residual capacity with conventional mechanical gaseous ventilation (GV), 1 is a new therapeutic strategy to improve gas exchange and ventilation-perfusion distribution in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome. (silverchair.com)
  • By the 1960s, with advances in artificial airways and positive-pressure application, mechanical ventilation using artificial airways became the standard of care for patients in acute respiratory failure. (myamericannurse.com)
  • Depending on the abruptness and severity of the precipitating event, these conditions may necessitate immediate artificial airway insertion and mechanical ventilation. (myamericannurse.com)
  • On any given day, 3,000 mechanical ventilation patients are trying to wean from artificial breathing support in the United States. (ufl.edu)
  • After extensive research, Martin approached the medical staff in the Medical Intensive Care Unit at Shands, and proposed trying his inspiratory training method on patients that were having difficulty weaning from mechanical ventilation. (ufl.edu)
  • The EIVASION MOOC "The Fundamentals" is dedicated to the basics of mechanical ventilation. (fun-mooc.fr)
  • It aims to make learners operational in mechanical ventilation, so that they are able to make appropriate decisions in many clinical situations. (fun-mooc.fr)
  • Mechanical ventilation is the primary life support for critically ill patients. (fun-mooc.fr)
  • EIVASION is a French acronym for "Innovative Teaching of Mechanical Ventilation through Simulation. (fun-mooc.fr)
  • All teachers are clinical experts in the field of mechanical ventilation. (fun-mooc.fr)
  • Indeed, the simulator used is capable of reproducing any type of patient under mechanical ventilation. (fun-mooc.fr)
  • This MOOC is primarily aimed at anyone who may be confronted with the use of mechanical ventilation in a professional environment. (fun-mooc.fr)
  • The University of Paris-Est Créteil offers a two-course MOOC program to train in mechanical ventilation in critical care. (fun-mooc.fr)
  • This article reviews assisted ventilation of the newborn, highlighting the concepts of pulmonary mechanics, gas exchange, respiration control, and lung injury that can be used to enhance conventional mechanical ventilation (CMV) so as to improve survival and reduce adverse effects. (medscape.com)
  • Sound application of these concepts is necessary to optimize mechanical ventilation. (medscape.com)
  • Hypercapnia secondary to severe V/Q mismatch may be treatable with conventional mechanical ventilation (CMV) or may require high-frequency ventilation (HFV). (medscape.com)
  • They manage and maintain the airway and ventilation of the patient using appropriate mechanical means. (ahra.org)
  • Mechanical Ventilation Redistributes Blood to Poorly Ventilated Areas in Experimental Lung Injury. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Artificial intelligence for mechanical ventilation: systematic review of design, reporting standards, and bias. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Trauma patients may require mechanical ventilation secondary to respiratory center depression or the Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS). (medicosecuador.com)
  • Although usually administered with an endotracheal tube, mechanical ventilation can be applied by face mask in carefully selected patients. (medicosecuador.com)
  • It has become increasingly accepted that mechanical ventilation, although often life-saving, can contribute to lung injury. (medicosecuador.com)
  • Mechanical ventilation of the trauma patient can be complicated by chest trauma, burns, inhalation injury, and head trauma. (medicosecuador.com)
  • When traditional tidal volumes of 10 to 15 mL/kg are used in patients with ALI/ARDS receiving mechanical ventilation, the resulting alveolar pressures are frequently elevated, reflecting over-distention particularly of the less-affected lung regions. (medicosecuador.com)
  • Learn about the nursing assessment , nursing interventions, goals and nursing diagnosis for mechanical ventilation and endotracheal intubation in this guide. (nurseslabs.com)
  • A mechanical ventilator is a positive- or negative-pressure breathing device that can maintain ventilation and oxygen delivery for a prolonged period. (nurseslabs.com)
  • If a client has evidence of respiratory failure or a compromised airway, endotracheal intubation and mechanical ventilation are indicated. (nurseslabs.com)
  • Mechanical ventilators were traditionally classified according to the method by which they supported ventilation. (nurseslabs.com)
  • The most commonly used modes are controlled mechanical ventilation, continuous mandatory ventilation or assist-control (A/C), intermittent mandatory ventilation (IMV), synchronized intermittent mandatory ventilation (SIMV), pressure support ventilation, and airway pressure release ventilation. (nurseslabs.com)
  • The study by Tulaimat et al describes the association between the rating of the severity of respiratory distress and vital signs, severity of illness, use of mechanical ventilation, and death. (rcjournal.com)
  • They found that RBC acetylcholinesterase activity within 24 h of presentation might help predict the duration of mechanical ventilation in this population. (rcjournal.com)
  • Babies with severe respiratory distress syndrome (see Respiratory distress syndrome, below) who require prolonged treatment with mechanical ventilation and oxygen are at risk for BPD. (pampers.com)
  • Because intubation and mechanical ventilation alter first-line patient defenses, they greatly increase the risk for nosocomial bacterial pneumonia. (cdc.gov)
  • Patients with a mean age of 47 years had a mortality rate of 3 to 5%, oxygen therapy was necessary in 42% of these patients, 5% were admitted to the ICU, 2.3% underwent invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV), and of these, 1.4% died 6,7 . (bvsalud.org)
Chronic obstruc7
  • We identified 16 trials involving 994 participants, most of whom had chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). (cmaj.ca)
  • Respiratory failure may result from central nervous system failure, primary lung disease (such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease [COPD]), infection, neuromuscular disease, or traumatic injury (such as pulmonary contusion, hemothorax, or pneumothorax). (myamericannurse.com)
  • On the other hand, ECCO2R focuses on carbon dioxide removal and ventilatory load reduction ("ultra-protective ventilation") in moderate ARDS, or in avoiding pump failure in acute exacerbated chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. (bvsalud.org)
  • Emphysema is a type of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) involving damage to the air sacs ( alveoli ) in the lungs. (findmeacure.com)
  • Hennigs C, Brehmer K, Hardel T and Rostalski P: Model-based automation of pressure-controlled ventilation in relation to body mass index (BMI) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). (ki-sigs.de)
  • He presented with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, with a Hugh-Jones dyspnea score of 2. (jaccr.com)
  • It may also be useful in follow-up of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and looking at pathological findings in the lung tissue. (news-medical.net)
Respiration3
Alveoli10
  • If this reflex is impaired or if the gas exchange via the pulmonary alveoli into the blood is no longer successful, devices must take over this function," says Volker Hofmann, Director Sales Medical at AT&S. Depending on the mode of operation of the ventilators, the breath can be controlled in different ways according to volume, pressure or time. (ats.net)
  • Emphysema is characterized by loss of elasticity (increased pulmonary compliance) of the lung tissue caused by destruction of structures feeding the alveoli, in some cases owing to the action of alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency . (findmeacure.com)
  • Found in the lung parenchyma, the pulmonary alveoli are the dead ends of the respiratory tree, which outcrop from either alveolar sacs or alveolar ducts, which are both sites of gas exchange with the blood as well. (absoluteastronomy.com)
  • Atelectasis is defined as the collapse or closure of alveoli resulting in reduced or absent gas exchange. (absoluteastronomy.com)
  • It is a condition where the alveoli are deflated, as distinct from pulmonary consolidation.It is a very common finding in chest x-rays and other. (absoluteastronomy.com)
  • Alveoli can be compared to gas in water, as the alveoli are wet and surround a central air space. (absoluteastronomy.com)
  • The ability of a critically afflicted patient to efficiently exchange oxygen drops off a cliff as the lungs fill with a slimy fluid that clogs the alveoli, as the body tries to combat the viral cell damage. (stackexchange.com)
  • The preliminary findings are the first to demonstrate that carbon nanotubes aspirated by laboratory mice can actually migrate from the alveoli in the lungs (the tiny structures in the lung that are critical for gas exchange), through the lungs, to the pleura. (cdc.gov)
  • The protocol allowed for simultaneous evaluation of lung structure, ventilation, vasculature and perfusion of the parenchyma, the region of the lungs that contain the gas-exchanging alveoli. (news-medical.net)
  • The alveoli are tiny air sacs where the lungs and the blood exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide during the process of breathing in and out. (news-medical.net)
Perfusion8
  • In this case report, in a single LUTX recipient with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, regional ventilation (), perfusion (), and / matching and subsequent measurement of shunt fraction (Qs/Qt) and alveolar dead space (Vd/Vt) were obtained by integrating electrical impedance tomography (EIT) with volumetric capnography and pulmonary thermodilution technique. (bvsalud.org)
  • Although the preoperative pulmonary scintigraphy showed predominant right lung perfusion (79.8% vs. 20.2%), the EIT documented the postoperative re-establishment of between the lungs (demonstrating the adequate functioning of vascular anastomoses), the diversion of to the graft and similar global Qs/Qt (17%) and Vd/Vt (29%) between native and graft lung. (bvsalud.org)
  • Hypercapnia is usually caused by severe ventilation/perfusion (V/Q) mismatch or hypoventilation. (medscape.com)
  • It is ventilation without perfusion. (openanesthesia.org)
  • Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation ( ECMO ), also known as extracorporeal life support ( ECLS ), is an extracorporeal technique of providing prolonged cardiac and respiratory support to persons whose heart and lungs are unable to provide an adequate amount of gas exchange or perfusion to sustain life. (wikipedia.org)
  • It can provide important preoperative identification of areas of emphysema and perfusion defects in patients with chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension, a progressive disease caused by blood clots that do not clear from the lungs. (news-medical.net)
  • With the proposed protocol, we have also been able to answer many other questions related to post-COVID-19 condition, such as the detection of acute and chronic pulmonary emboli on CT angiography, and we are currently investigating whether perfusion changes can be quantified in microvascular damage or inflammatory areas,' Dr. Shin said. (news-medical.net)
  • Regional ventilation and perfusion depend on patient position and gravity, among other factors,' Dr. Shin said. (news-medical.net)
Positive pressure ve8
Lungs5
  • The Greek physician Galen may have been the first to describe artificial ventilation: "If you take a dead animal and blow air through its larynx through a reed, you will fill its bronchi and watch its lungs attain the greatest distention. (wikipedia.org)
  • By maintaining alveolar ventilation and alveolar stability, positive airway pressure can sustain respiratory gas exchange between the lungs and circulation, thereby supporting pulmonary homeostasis in patients who would otherwise be unable to maintain oxygen transfer and CO2 elimination. (pitt.edu)
  • I found it very interesting that before the transplant, these patients' pulmonary gas exchange was limited by the lung pathology, but following transplantation, the lungs theoretically were more than adequate to support gas exchange. (ufl.edu)
  • Optimal V/Q matching occurs when the ratio of the volume of gas to the volume of blood entering the lungs approximates 1. (medscape.com)
  • ECMO Therapy is the use of a machine that acts like an artificial heart and lungs for a child delivering the oxygen to the blood they require to stay alive. (nicklauschildrens.org)
Alveolar2
  • Pulmonary venoarterial shunts and alveolar hypoventilation result in V/Q mismatch, which is probably the most important mechanism of gas exchange impairment in infants with respiratory failure due to various causes, including respiratory distress syndrome (RDS). (medscape.com)
  • Inflammatory mediators (cytokines, chemokines) may translocate into the pulmonary circulation secondary to increased alveolar-capillary permeability, resulting in systemic inflammation. (medicosecuador.com)
Noninvasive4
Oxygenation7
  • It has been proposed that partial liquid ventilation (PLV) causes a compression of the pulmonary vasculature by the dense perfluorocarbons and a subsequent redistribution of pulmonary blood flow from dorsal to better-ventilated middle and ventral lung regions, thereby improving arterial oxygenation in situations of acute lung injury. (silverchair.com)
  • The airway assessment helps identify individuals with potential obstruction of the airway, which may benefit from airway management techniques to ensure adequate ventilation and oxygenation. (lecturio.com)
  • Various commercial products allow rapid surgical access to the cricothyroid space and provide a tube that allows adequate oxygenation and ventilation. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Apparently we should really be using artificial lung technology, which Wikipedia tells me is called Extra-Corporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO), and is less complex than a heart-lung machine as it is assistive to the working heart of the patient. (stackexchange.com)
  • ECMO works by temporarily drawing blood from the body to allow artificial oxygenation of the red blood cells and removal of carbon dioxide. (wikipedia.org)
  • ECMO is also used to support patients with the acute viral pneumonia associated with COVID-19 in cases where artificial ventilation alone is not sufficient to sustain blood oxygenation levels. (wikipedia.org)
  • Beginning in early February 2020, doctors in China have increasingly been using ECMO as an adjunct support for patients presenting with acute viral pneumonia associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection ( COVID-19 ) when, with ventilation alone, the blood oxygenation levels still remain too low to sustain the patient. (wikipedia.org)
Interstitial pulmonary2
  • Elastance remained elevated (+23%) only in closed-chest animals, being associated with interstitial pulmonary edema, as reflected by increased lung wet-to-dry weight ratio with normal albumin concentration in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. (nih.gov)
  • Such effects are similar to the interstitial pulmonary fibrosis reported previously by NIOSH researchers using single-walled carbon nanotubes. (cdc.gov)
Ventilatory5
  • Because a primary function of the cardiovascular-respiratory system is to deliver sufficient amounts of oxygen to meet systemic metabolic demands, measurement of arterial blood gases alone in monitoring ventilatory support is inadequate in assessing the cardiopulmonary effects of PPV. (pitt.edu)
  • In carefully chosen candidates with respiratory failure, it provides ventilatory assistance without the complications that have been linked to artificial airways, such as ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP), airway injury, sinusitis, increased need for sedatives or paralytics (or both), altered communication, and decreased ability to perform activities of daily living. (myamericannurse.com)
  • METHODS--The effects of the two treatment regimens on gas exchange, ventilatory requirements, and 28 day outcome in infants with RDS were compared. (bmj.com)
  • Optimal ventilatory strategies provide the best possible gas exchange, with minimal or no lung injury or other adverse effects. (medscape.com)
  • The use of pathophysiology-based ventilatory strategies, strategies to prevent lung injury, and alternative modes of ventilation should yield further improvements in neonatal outcomes. (medscape.com)
Artery2
  • In 1994, a consensus definition was recommended for ARDS: acute onset of respiratory failure, bilateral infiltrates on chest radiograph, pulmonary artery wedge pressure less than or equal to 18 mm Hg, or the absence of clinical evidence of left atrial hypertension, PaO 2 /FIO 2 less than or equal to 300 (acute lung injury) or PaO 2 /FIO 2 less than or equal to 200 (ARDS). (medicosecuador.com)
  • There may be congenital extrinsic compression, commonly by an abnormally large pulmonary artery. (findmeacure.com)
Oxygen5
  • The options range from the additional supply of concentrated oxygen to the patient through a mask or so-called nasal cannula to invasive ventilation for anesthetized patients with a tube or with a tracheostoma (tracheal incision). (ats.net)
  • In the surfactant washout animal model of acute lung injury, redistribution of pulmonary blood flow does not seem to be a major factor for the observed increase of arterial oxygen tension during partial liquid ventilation. (silverchair.com)
  • During flight maneuvers such as climbs, turns, and descents, pulmonary vital capacity is impaired by G-maneuvers and oxygen- and G-induced atelectasis. (preprints.org)
  • The poor exchange of blood gases, with low oxygen and high carbon dioxide. (pampers.com)
  • Just as ventilation is a step up from providing non invasive positive airway pressure which is a step up from providing supplementary oxygen. (stackexchange.com)
Pneumonia3
  • Although it is effective, invasive ventilation is associated with complications including respiratory muscle weakness, upper airway pathology, ventilator-associated pneumonia 1 and sinusitis. (cmaj.ca)
  • Causes of ARDS due to direct lung injury include pneumonia, aspiration of gastric contents, pulmonary contusion, fat emboli, near-drowning, inhalational injury, and reperfusion pulmonary edema after lung transplantation or pulmonary embolectomy. (medicosecuador.com)
  • Although patients receiving mechanically assisted ventilation do not represent a major proportion of patients who have nosocomial pneumonia, they are at highest risk for acquiring the infection. (cdc.gov)
Adequate3
  • Adequate ventilation Ventilation The total volume of gas inspired or expired per unit of time, usually measured in liters per minute. (lecturio.com)
  • At the same time, tidal volume is reduced by flight gear, and effective gas exchange is not supported by adequate ventilation. (preprints.org)
  • Needle cricothyrotomy with large-bore IV catheters cannot provide adequate ventilation unless a 50-psi driving source (jet insufflator or jet ventilator) is readily available. (msdmanuals.com)
Involving an artificial airway1
Surfactants1
ARDS2
  • The clinical disorders commonly associated with ARDS can be divided into those associated with direct injury to the lung (pulmonary ARDS) and those that cause indirect lung injury in the setting of a systemic process (extrapulmonary ARDS). (medicosecuador.com)
  • Three small, prospective, randomized trials of traditional versus lower tidal volume ventilation in patients with or at risk for ALI/ARDS did not demonstrate beneficial effects of a modestly lower tidal volume. (medicosecuador.com)
Mechanics5
  • In this line, end-expiratory lung volume is decreased, leading to impairment in the mechanics of the respiratory system, lung and chest wall as well as gas-exchange. (nih.gov)
  • Relations between ventilator-controlled variables (shaded circles) and pulmonary mechanics (unshaded circles) that determine minute ventilation during pressure-limited time-cycled ventilation. (medscape.com)
  • Dashed lines represent relations that cannot be calculated precisely without considering other variable such as pulmonary mechanics. (medscape.com)
  • OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effects of 2 different doses of exogenous surfactant on pulmonary mechanics and on the regularity of pulmonary parenchyma inflation in newborn rabbits. (unesp.br)
  • CONCLUSIONS: Animals treated with surfactant showed significant improvement in pulmonary mechanics and more regularity of the lung parenchyma in comparison to untreated animals. (unesp.br)
Hemodynamics1
  • Gas exchange, hemodynamics, and pulmonary blood flow were determined in both groups before and after the induction of acute lung injury and at corresponding time points 1 and 2 h after each instillation of perfluorocarbon in the PLV group. (silverchair.com)
Airways2
  • Furthermore, the inflammatory process acts on distal airways, increasing airway responsiveness, or on pulmonary endothelium cells, increasing the molecules related to the adherence of inflammatory cells. (nih.gov)
  • However, surgical airways require on average about 100 seconds from initial incision to ventilation. (msdmanuals.com)
Compliance3
  • Newborns are vulnerable to impaired gas exchange because of their high metabolic rate, propensity for decreased functional residual capacity (FRC), decreased lung compliance, increased resistance, and potential for right-to-left shunts through the ductus arteriosus, foramen ovale, or both. (medscape.com)
  • Pulmonary compliance can refer to either dynamic or static lung compliance. (absoluteastronomy.com)
  • COVID-19 causes low pulmonary compliance and important changes in lung function with hypoxemia and cardiovascular repercussions. (bvsalud.org)
Neuromuscular disease1
  • Mouthpieces can be useful to provide adjunct daytime ventilation in patients with neuromuscular disease. (rcjournal.com)
Major constituent1
  • Dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine is a phospholipid consisting of two palmitic acids and is the major constituent of pulmonary surfactant. (absoluteastronomy.com)
Fibrosis2
  • The Cystic Fibrosis (CF) Foundation recently deemed the use of extended-interval dosing (EID) of aminoglycosides acceptable for the treatment of CF-related pulmonary exacerbations. (rcjournal.com)
  • Agent Orange Exposure and Risk of Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis Among U.S. Veterans. (ucsf.edu)
Hemorrhage1
  • Rare case of occupational pulmonary hemorrhage in a firefighter. (ucsf.edu)
Minute ventilation1
Complications1
  • This was associated with a trend towards reduced incidence of serious pulmonary and non-pulmonary complications. (bmj.com)
Airway pressure1
  • Artificial ventilation using intermittent positive airway pressure is the mainstay support of patients in respiratory failure. (pitt.edu)
Aspiration1
Tidal volumes1
  • After induction in the left lateral and jackknife positions, the following ventilator settings were used: volume-controlled ventilation with tidal volumes of 450 mL, respiratory rate of 12 breaths per minute, an inspiratory: expiratory ratio of 1:2, and a positive end expiratory pressure of 5 cmH2O. (jaccr.com)
Trauma1
  • If the upper airway is obstructed because of a foreign body or massive facial trauma or if ventilation cannot be accomplished by other means, surgical entry into the trachea is required. (msdmanuals.com)
Critically2
  • This MOOC is also aimed at paramedical personnel involved in the care of critically ill patients (nurses, anesthesia nurses, physiotherapists, respiratory therapists…), as well as professionals working in the artificial ventilation industry. (fun-mooc.fr)
  • To analyze the concept of im- p a i r e d S m paired spontaneous ventilation in critically il patients in an intensive f I care unit. (bvsalud.org)
Respiratory gas exchange1
  • Calculation of the energy expenditure in the form of heat production of the whole body or individual organs based on respiratory gas exchange. (lookformedical.com)
Impairment2
  • A study in a rodent model of dichlorvos poisoning, found that poisoning caused a rapid lethal central apnea, followed by delayed impairment of pulmonary gas exchange with prominent airway secretions (Gaspari 2007 in Peter 2014). (aopwiki.org)
  • The effect of assisted ventilation on hypercapnia strongly depends on the mechanism of gas-exchange impairment. (medscape.com)
Hypoxemia2
  • It employs an artificial lung with high blood flows, and allows improvement in gas exchange, correction of hypoxemia, and reduction of the workload on the native lung. (bvsalud.org)
  • Hypercapnia and hypoxemia may coexist, though some disorders may affect gas exchange differentially. (medscape.com)
ECMO4
  • Managing native lung ventilation during V-V ECMO remains complex, requiring a careful balance between benefits and potential risks for spontaneously breathing patients. (bvsalud.org)
  • Firstly ECMO is a step up from ventilation. (stackexchange.com)
  • ECMO is not an alternative treatment to ventilation but a treatment to be relied on if ventilation fails. (stackexchange.com)
  • Criteria for the initiation of ECMO vary by institution, but generally include acute severe cardiac or pulmonary failure that is potentially reversible and unresponsive to conventional management. (wikipedia.org)
Patients8
  • In the past century, medicine has made astonishing advances in the ventilation of patients with lung diseases, saving many lives. (ats.net)
  • One of the first devices with which artificial ventilation of patients was possible was the so-called "iron lung", which was first introduced in the USA in 1928. (ats.net)
  • he just put the patients completely in the tank and changed pressures up and down quite rapidly and got ventilation by compression and rarefaction. (ariwatch.com)
  • Tracheal Intubation Most patients requiring an artificial airway can be managed with tracheal intubation, which can be Orotracheal (tube inserted through the mouth) Nasotracheal (tube inserted through the nose). (msdmanuals.com)
  • However, it is the preferred procedure for patients requiring long-term ventilation. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Less perilaryngeal gas leakage with SLIPA than with LMA-ProSeal in paralyzed patients. (jaccr.com)
  • Concept analysis of the nursing diagnosis of impaired spontaneous ventilation in critical patients. (bvsalud.org)
  • Thus, this study enabled a better understanding of the Nursing Di- agnosis Impaired Spontaneous Ventilation in critical y ill patients based on antecedents, critical and consequent attributes. (bvsalud.org)
Intensive care1
  • The list includes intensive care physicians, anesthesiologists, emergency physicians, pulmonary physicians, or cardiologists practicing intensive care, as well as students in all of these specialties. (fun-mooc.fr)
Blood5
  • Single-photon emission computed tomography was used to study regional pulmonary blood flow. (silverchair.com)
  • During partial liquid ventilation, there were no changes in pulmonary blood flow distribution when compared with values obtained after induction of acute lung injury in the PLV group or to the animals submitted to gaseous ventilation. (silverchair.com)
  • Efficient gas exchange relies on modern oxygenators using hollow fiber designs, but research is exploring microfluidic technology to improve oxygenator size, thrombogenicity, and blood flow capacity. (bvsalud.org)
  • Easy quantification of the respiratory and metabolic impact of blood O2-CO2 exchange interactions in critical illness , in: Adv. Exp. (cnr.it)
  • The improvement in the contrast-to-noise ratio and spatial resolution of the pulmonary blood volume images was substantial. (news-medical.net)
Compression1
  • CLE is results in overexpansion of a pulmonary lobe and resultant compression of the remaining lobes of the ipsilateral lung, and possibly also the contralateral lung. (findmeacure.com)
Ventilator1
  • At the end of the EIVASION MOOC "The Fundamentals", learners will have the opportunity to improve their understanding of patient-ventilator interactions and clinical practice of ventilation with a second MOOC: the EIVASION MOOC "Advanced Level" on FUN. (fun-mooc.fr)
Carbon1
  • It is not combustible, but will decompose when heated or reacted with strong oxidizers or alkaline agents to produce corrosive and/or toxic gases: carbon monoxide, hydrogen chloride gas, chlorine, and phosgene. (cdc.gov)
Emphysema1
  • Presence of subcutaneous emphysema Subcutaneous emphysema Presence of air or gas in the subcutaneous tissues of the body. (lecturio.com)
Molecules1
  • Adsorption is the adhesion of atoms, ions, biomolecules or molecules of gas, liquid, or dissolved solids to a surface. (absoluteastronomy.com)
Disease1
  • Occupational Exposures in Nontuberculous Mycobacterial Pulmonary Disease. (ucsf.edu)