AnatomyOrganismsDiseasesChemicals and DrugsAnalytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and EquipmentPhenomena and ProcessesDisciplines and OccupationsAnthropology, Education, Sociology and Social PhenomenaHumanitiesInformation ScienceNamed GroupsHealth CareGeographicals
Arenaviruses, New WorldArenaviruses, Old WorldArenavirusArenaviridae InfectionsLassa virusArenaviridaeHemorrhagic Fevers, ViralPlatyrrhiniJunin virusHemorrhagic Fever, AmericanCebidaePichinde virusVirus Physiological ProcessesLymphocytic choriomeningitis virusCercopithecidaeDystroglycansPhylogenyTransferrinsCallithrixFiloviridaeLassa FeverAmericasSaguinusSaimiriVirus InternalizationAotidaeBoidaeReceptors, VirusCebusVero CellsCercopithecus aethiopsSnakesRodent DiseasesMolecular Sequence DataRodentiaNucleoproteinsPrimatesNorth AmericaReceptors, TransferrinViral ProteinsAlouattaEvolution, MolecularVirus AttachmentPeromyscusNucleocapsid ProteinsAotus trivirgatusRNA, ViralInclusion Bodies, ViralSpecies SpecificityAtelinaeGlycoproteinsHistory, AncientElectron Microscope TomographyHost-Pathogen InteractionsProprotein ConvertasesSouth AmericaStrepsirhiniCricetinaeWorld Health OrganizationViral VaccinesCamelids, New WorldCell LineVirus ReleaseAmino Acid SequenceAntiviral AgentsWorld HealthSequence AlignmentGenome, ViralRNA VirusesBase SequenceSequence Analysis, DNACallitrichinaePitheciidaeHistory, 15th CenturyViral Envelope ProteinsBiological EvolutionLymphocytic ChoriomeningitisIndians, South AmericanMonkey DiseasesLeishmaniasis, MucocutaneousHominidaeLeishmaniaVirus ReplicationSiberiaHantavirusVirus CultivationEcuadorGeographyHistory, 16th CenturyAsiaCentral AmericaVirionCross ReactionsDryopteridaceaeHaplorhiniAntibodies, ViralDNA, MitochondrialCryoelectron MicroscopyGenetic VariationAntigens, Viral
LassaJuninLymphocyticBased on its proprietary arenavirus platformGuanaritoChapareArenaviridaeEbolaVirusesBulletin of the World Health OrganPathogenic arenavirusesHealth OrganizationHemorrhagic fevers causedLCMVViralFeversFilovirusEndemicInfectionsVirusRodentsAntigenicAfricaTherapeuticVHFsAntiviralSequencesGeneticSpeciesPleomorphicDiseaseSalivaMeSH
Lassa14
  • The most familiar of the arenaviruses include lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV) and hemorrhagic fevers caused by Lassa virus, Machupo virus, and Junin virus. (medscape.com)
  • This article divides the discussion of these viruses by clinical relevance and manifestations: Old World (Lassa virus, LCMV) and New World (South American hemorrhagic fevers). (medscape.com)
  • Endemic to West Africa and South America, arenaviral haemorrhagic fevers, such as Lassa fever (LF), are on the priority list of the World Health Organisation (WHO) as diseases requiring urgent research and development measures. (nottingham.ac.uk)
  • We have partnered with Lassa virus epidemiologists and virologists, Professor Danny Asogun and Dr Deborah Ehichioya, at the Irrua Specialist Teaching Hospital (ISTH) and Ambrose Alli University (AAU) in Nigeria to link the biomedical investigation with social engagement and communication to tackle the spread of the highly fatal arenavirus, Lassa (LASV), in endemic regions in Nigeria. (nottingham.ac.uk)
  • Among the Old World Arenaviruses, Lassa virus, Lujo virus and Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis virus are considered the most worthy of disease detectives' attention, largely because of their ability to cause severe disease in people. (gavi.org)
  • The project is aimed at kickstarting the broader development of vaccines for arenaviruses, which include the virus that causes Lassa fever, one of CEPI's priority pathogens. (ghtcoalition.org)
  • The Mozambique and Zimbabwe isolates proved to have morphological and physicochemical characteristics not dissimilar from West African Lassa viruses and those members of the arenavirus family from South America. (bl.uk)
  • It is suggested that the Mopeia viruses are minor antigenic variants of Lassa and should be included within the arenavirus family. (bl.uk)
  • Lassa fever, which is caused by an arenavirus, can affect multiple organs and cause bleeding in late stages. (upr.org)
  • MOPEVAC vaccine, previously developed by the same group of scientists based on a hyper-attenuated Mopeia virus (MOPV), was shown to be efficient against the Lassa virus (LASV), an Old-World arenavirus, in macaques. (star-oddi.com)
  • family members, Lassa disease (LASV) and Junin disease (JUNV) generate regular annual outbreaks of serious human being hemorrhagic fever (HF) in endemic regions of Western world Africa and Argentina, respectively. (cancerdir.com)
  • LASV may be the many prevalent and harmful arenavirus, leading to over 300,000 situations of Lassa fever each year and between 5,000 and 10,000 fatalities [1]. (cancerdir.com)
  • The usage of these different remedies is normally a direct effect of the various mechanism of security linked to both arenavirus HF: security in Argentine HF is dependant on induction of a solid humoral immune system response [8] whereas in Lassa fever affected individual recovery is principally linked to cell-mediated immune system response with low antibody creation [1]. (cancerdir.com)
  • The recent emergence of Zaire ebolavirus in West Africa has come as a surprise in a region more commonly known for its endemic Lassa fever, another viral hemorrhagic fever caused by an Old World arenavirus. (org.in)
Junin4
  • The prime suspects among the New World Arenaviruses are Junin virus, Machupo virus, Guanarito virus and Sabia virus. (gavi.org)
  • What is known, however, is that the New World Arenaviruses such as Junin and Machupo virus enter human cells after binding to a particular type of molecule known as transferrin receptor 1, or TfR1, and perhaps other types of cell surface receptors too. (gavi.org)
  • Last week, the Coalition for Epidemic Preparedness Innovations (CEPI) and the University of Oxford announced the launch of a new project to develop prototype vaccines against an arenavirus called Junin virus, which causes Argentine hemorrhagic fever. (ghtcoalition.org)
  • Monoclonal antibodies prepared against Tacaribe and Junin viruses have been used to define further the serological relationships between arenaviruses of the Tacaribe complex. (microbiologyresearch.org)
Lymphocytic6
Based on its proprietary arenavirus platform2
  • NEW YORK and VIENNA, Austria, Nov. 20, 2023 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) -- HOOKIPA Pharma Inc. (NASDAQ: HOOK, 'HOOKIPA'), a company developing a new class of immunotherapeutics based on its proprietary arenavirus platform, today announced that the Company has received clearance from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for its Investigational New Drug (IND) application for HB-500, a novel arenaviral therapeutic vaccine for the treatment of HIV. (khon2.com)
  • HOOKIPA Pharma Inc. (NASDAQ: HOOK) is a clinical-stage biopharmaceutical company focused on developing novel immunotherapies, based on its proprietary arenavirus platform, which are designed to mobilize and amplify targeted T cells and thereby fight or prevent serious disease. (wlns.com)
Guanarito2
  • A non-cytopathic virus was isolated from two of the patient serum samples, and identified as an arenavirus by IFA staining with a rabbit polyvalent antiserum raised against South American arenaviruses known to be associated with HF (Guanarito, Machupo, and Sabiá). (bvsalud.org)
  • Furthermore to both of these pathogens that represent the primary health risk in the family members, there's also four regarded Laquinimod arenaviruses, Sabi, Guanarito, Machupo and Chapare trojan, able to generate very sporadic situations of HF in Brazil, Venezuela and Bolivia, respectively. (cancerdir.com)
Chapare4
  • Chapare virus, a newly discovered arenavirus isolated from a fatal hemorrhagic fever case in Bolivia. (bvsalud.org)
  • In conclusion, two different arenaviruses , Machupo and Chapare, can be associated with severe HF cases in Bolivia . (bvsalud.org)
  • The Centre for Disease Control and Prevention in the US said that the Chapare virus falls in the arenavirus category. (businessinsider.in)
  • The Centre for Disease Control and Prevention in the US said that the Chapare virus falls in the arenavirus category and can spread through direct contact with infected rodents or indirectly through the urine or feces (droppings) of infected rodents. (businessinsider.in)
Arenaviridae1
Ebola2
  • But as the world waits for Bill & Melinda Gates to unveil their latest Ebola vaccine news to the world, there is simply no mention of these powerful substances that may hold promise (and be extremely inexpensive to get a hold of international) in the fight for our immunity. (beforeitsnews.com)
  • Immunohistochemical tests of these tissues with polyclonal antibodies were negative for dengue virus, yellow fever virus, hantaviruses, arenaviruses and Ebola virus. (cdc.gov)
Viruses12
  • Arenaviruses are divided into two groups - New World and Old World viruses - based on genetic differences as well as where the viruses are geographically distributed. (cdc.gov)
  • New World viruses are found in the Western Hemisphere - North and South America. (cdc.gov)
  • Old World viruses occur in the Eastern Hemisphere - Africa, Europe, and Asia. (cdc.gov)
  • The arenaviruses are a large group of viruses that typically affect rodents. (medscape.com)
  • Arenaviruses are single-stranded ribonucleic acid (RNA) viruses that cause chronic asymptomatic infections in rodents and zoonotically acquired disease in humans through rodent excreta, especially urine. (medscape.com)
  • One of two groups of viruses in the ARENAVIRUS genus and considered part of the Old World complex. (wakehealth.edu)
  • Arenaviruses are the largest family of haemorrhagic fever causing viruses. (nottingham.ac.uk)
  • The Arenavirus family has scores of viruses in it, several of which are known to infect and cause disease in people as well as animals. (gavi.org)
  • While the family's human pathogenic viruses are fairly closely related, they are divided into two groups-the Old World Arenaviruses and the New World Arenaviruses. (gavi.org)
  • Rats, mice, hamsters, voles and other rodents are the primary carriers of Arenaviruses and are the main route of transmission of the viruses from animals to people. (gavi.org)
  • Arbovirus, arenavirus, and filovirus are viruses that are spread from animals to people and, with some viruses, from people to people. (msdmanuals.com)
  • The matrix Z proteins of arenaviruses are related to cellular RING domain proteins, and the matrix proteins of some negative strand RNA viruses are related to cellular cyclophilin. (virology.ws)
Bulletin of the World Health Organ2
Pathogenic arenaviruses1
  • An Institut Pasteur team has successfully developed a pentavalent vaccine against the five pathogenic arenaviruses circulating in South America and tested it. (pasteur.fr)
Health Organization1
  • FDA is requiring that Valneva perform a post-market study to continue to monitor the vaccine's safety and side effects.With support from Medicines for Malaria Venture (MMV), Kenyan manufacturer Universal Corporation Ltd has received prequalification from the World Health Organization (WHO) for sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine plus amodiaquine (SPAQ), an antimalarial drug used to prevent seasonal malaria in children during peak transmission periods. (ghtcoalition.org)
Hemorrhagic fevers caused1
  • Zuckerman 2014, p. 10 "Viral Hemorrhagic Fevers Caused by Arenaviruses" (PDF). (wikipedia.org)
LCMV2
  • LCMV, classified as an Old World arenavirus, is the only arenavirus found in both the Western and Eastern Hemisphere. (cdc.gov)
  • The New World arenaviruses are further divided into 3 lineages designated clades: A, B, C. LCMV is the only arenavirus to exist in both areas but is classified as an Old World virus. (medscape.com)
Viral5
  • The genus Arenavirus includes 22 viral species and 9 additional arenaviruses that have been recently discovered, for which taxonomic status remains pending. (medscape.com)
  • Other arenaviruses from South America and Africa are classic causes of viral hemorrhagic fever syndrome, whereas others have been identified but not found to cause disease or even infection in humans. (medscape.com)
  • Despite the high genetic similarity amongst arenavirus strains, disease can vary from asymptomatic to fatal implying that the interplay between the host immune response and viral replication is a major predictive factor for disease outcome. (nottingham.ac.uk)
  • Regardless of medical burden depicted by arenavirus attacks, no effective and safe chemotherapy happens to be available enabling examine these pathologies as neglected viral illnesses. (cancerdir.com)
  • Their study, published June 2, 2017 in the journal Science , is the first to show a key piece of the viral structure, called the surface glycoprotein, for any member of the deadly arenavirus family. (gvn.org)
Fevers2
  • The Arenavirus family includes some of the most lethal haemorrhagic fevers known. (gavi.org)
  • New World arenaviruses (NWAs) are known to cause haemorrhagic fevers and can have high mortality rates. (star-oddi.com)
Filovirus1
  • In all, the results demonstrate that a kinase inhibitor cocktail consisting of genistein and tyrphostin AG1478 is a broad-spectrum antiviral that may be used as a therapeutic or prophylactic against arenavirus and filovirus hemorrhagic fever. (beforeitsnews.com)
Endemic2
  • Symptomatic and travel to New World Arenavirus endemic areas or contact to travellers from these areas. (canada.ca)
  • Aside from the vital circumstance in endemic areas, the high regularity of international surroundings travels in addition has contributed towards the importation of arenavirus HF situations into several cities all over the world [3]. (cancerdir.com)
Infections3
  • In some areas of the world, arenavirus infections in people are relatively common and can cause severe disease. (cdc.gov)
  • Most infections spread among adult rodents through scratches and bites, although for certain arenaviruses, the virus passes from mother to offspring during pregnancy. (cdc.gov)
  • Patients who recover from infections with arenaviruses may continue to shed virus in blood, saliva, urine, or semen for months after they no longer have symptoms," said the CDC. (businessinsider.in)
Virus10
  • Sequence of the nucleocapsid protein gene of Machupo virus: close relationship with another South American pathogenic arenavirus, Junín. (wikigenes.org)
  • Arenaviruses have been divided into 2 groups based on whether the virus is found to infect Old World (ie, Eastern Hemisphere) rodents (family Muridae, subfamily Murinae) or New World (ie, Western Hemisphere) rodents (family Muridae, subfamily Sigmodontinae). (medscape.com)
  • Flexal mammarenavirus (also known as the Flexal virus or FLEV, and previously known by the laboratory code BeAn 293022) is a mammarenavirus: an arenavirus with a mammalian host. (wikipedia.org)
  • In addition, new strains of arenaviruses are being discovered, hence, virus sequence diversity is expanding and the likelihood of new outbreaks is increasing, for which disease severity and treatment options are unknown. (nottingham.ac.uk)
  • The current lack of understanding of the molecular mechanisms of key host-virus interactions that potentiate disease pathogenesis or impede disease potential through evasion of host cellular immunity, hampers the development of novel therapeutic strategies for arenavirus infection. (nottingham.ac.uk)
  • The research also will be modeled after the success in the world of HIV treatment -developing a combination of drugs that work together even if the virus becomes resistant to a single therapeutic. (startribune.com)
  • The combined data suggests the possibility of two virus groups within the 'Old World' arenavirus classification. (bl.uk)
  • Self-replicating, virus like nucleic acids emerged in the pre-cellular world and from the emerged the first cells. (virology.ws)
  • Isolation of the New World Arenaviruses (NWA): Machupo virus. (canada.ca)
  • RT-PCR analysis and subsequent analysis of the complete virus S and L RNA segment sequences identified the virus as a member of the New World Clade B arenaviruses , which includes all the pathogenic South American arenaviruses . (bvsalud.org)
Rodents3
  • The types of rodents that spread arenaviruses are located across much of the world, including Europe, Asia, Africa, and the Americas. (cdc.gov)
  • In some instances, arenaviruses can spread to people when consuming infected rodents as a food source. (cdc.gov)
  • Hantavirus infects wild rodents throughout the world. (msdmanuals.com)
Antigenic1
Africa2
  • Serologically related arenaviruses have been isolated from West Africa, Mozambique, Zimbabwe and the Central African Republic. (bl.uk)
  • A form of undifferentiated malignant LYMPHOMA usually found in central Africa, but also reported in other parts of the world. (lookformedical.com)
Therapeutic2
  • We are currently investigating the mechanisms of host restriction of arenavirus entry that may inform novel strategies to design therapeutic agents that utilise the host cell antiviral immunity to block emerging arenaviruses. (nottingham.ac.uk)
  • Upon this basis, there can be an essential dependence on the introduction of book therapeutic choices against arenaviruses. (cancerdir.com)
VHFs1
Antiviral1
  • This article targets book strategies to determine inhibitors for arenavirus therapy, examining the prospect of antiviral advancements of diverse sponsor factors needed for disease infection. (cancerdir.com)
Sequences1
  • Sequences of arenaviruses in L. rosalia and M. minutoides mice have been deposited in GenBank under accession nos. (cdc.gov)
Genetic1
Species1
Pleomorphic1
  • Arenaviruses are either spherical, oval, or pleomorphic and vary between 110 and 130 nanometers in diameter. (gavi.org)
Disease3
  • Despite multiple intensive studies by disease investigators, the way in which Arenaviruses enter host cells is still something of a mystery. (gavi.org)
  • This marks our fourth active IND program at HOOKIPA-a further testament to the broad potential of our arenavirus platform across multiple disease areas and indications," said Joern Aldag, Chief Executive Officer at HOOKIPA. (khon2.com)
  • In the world of public health, a lot of the media attention is focusing on the Zika outbreak in Latin America, but that's not the only disease on the rise. (upr.org)
Saliva1
  • Arenaviruses are shed into the environment in the urine, saliva, or droppings of infected rodent hosts. (cdc.gov)
MeSH1
  • Arenaviruses, Old World" is a descriptor in the National Library of Medicine's controlled vocabulary thesaurus, MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) . (wakehealth.edu)