• After addition of chloroform, the homogenate is separated into aqueous and organic phases by centrifugation. (qiagen.com)
  • Synthesized mRNA can be purified by LiCl precipitation, phenol:chloroform extraction followed by ethanol precipitation, or by using a spin column based method (e.g. (neb.com)
  • For removal of proteins and most of the free nucleotides, phenol:chloroform extraction and ethanol precipitation of RNA transcripts is the preferred method. (neb.com)
  • Extract with an equal volume of 1:1 phenol:chloroform mixture, followed by two extractions with chloroform. (neb.com)
  • Genomic DNA from sandflies was extracted using manual phenol-chloroform method modified after Casaril et al. (who.int)
  • This method uses a mixture of organic solvents, phenol and chloroform, to extract unwanted cellular components from nucleic acid. (cdc.gov)
  • The Boom's method was preferred to phenol/chloroform extraction method as most or all of the inhibitory substances in clinical samples were effectively removed by this method. (who.int)
  • Compared to aqueous extract, the methanol extract presented an important level of phenol contents. (greenmedinfo.com)
  • Phenolic content of bee bread has been quantified in methanol and aqueous extracts using Folin-Ciocalteu (FC) method[ 11 ]. (ijpsonline.com)
  • It is used most often in an aqueous solution stabilized with methanol (formalin). (cdc.gov)
  • Formalin, the aqueous solution of formaldehyde (30% to 50% formaldehyde), typically contains up to 15% methanol as a stabilizer. (cdc.gov)
  • Aqueous extract of leaves yielded the flavonoids aromadendrin glucoside, kaempferol rhamnoside, quercetin rhamnoside, and vindoline. (stuartxchange.org)
  • The antidiabetic activity correlated with the high total phenol content at 1.57 ± 0.01 GAE/g and total flavonoids at 1.41 ± 0.01 mgQE/g. (stuartxchange.org)
  • Phenolic compounds were extracted with food grade solvent of acidified aqueous ethanol from leaves, berries, berry press cakes, and branches of Finnish berry plants and analyzed with HPLC-DAD, UPLC-DAD-ESI-MS and NMR. (nih.gov)
  • Phenol, or Benzenol, (also known as carbolic acid or phenolic acid) is an aromatic organic compound with the molecular formula C6H5OH. (wikipedia.org)
  • Bee bread ethanol extract demonstrated significantly higher antioxidant properties compared to bee bread aqueous extract with the highest total phenolic and flavonoid contents in sample from Perak and the highest free radical scavenging activity in sample from Selangor. (ijpsonline.com)
  • Our results demonstrate a good amount of phytochemicals (total phenolic content: 17.77 ± 8.21 µg GA/mg extract) with a high antioxidant potential of aqueous extract (DPPH assay IC50 = 235.84 ± 11.65 µg/mL) and FRAP value: 331.81 ± 4.56 µmol. (bvsalud.org)
  • The antioxidant properties of aqueous extract were measured based on the DPPH and ABTS free radical scavenging activities. (ac.ir)
  • Materials and methods: We studied the physicochemical properties of aqueous extracts of leaves (fresh) and flowers (fresh and dry) of Sambucus nigra L collected from the Rhodope region of Bulgaria. (researchgate.net)
  • Barzegar H, Alizadeh behbahani B, Noshad M. Evaluation of total phenol and flavonoid contents, antioxidant and antimicrobial activity of Lawsonia inermis aqueous extract against some gram- positive and gram- negative bacteria. (ac.ir)
  • C6H5O- + H+}}} Phenol is more acidic than aliphatic alcohols. (wikipedia.org)
  • El timol només és lleugerament soluble en aigua neutra però és molt soluble en alcohols i altres solvents orgànics. (dbpedia.org)
  • Aqueous solutions of alcohols do NOT form salts with strong bases like sodium hydroxide. (docbrown.info)
  • There is usually no reaction with sodium hydrogencarbonate, although more strongly acidic than alcohols, phenols are still weaker than 'carbonic acid' and will not liberate carbon dioxide from carbonate or hydrogencarbonate ions. (docbrown.info)
  • For the DNA extraction and purification from the clinical samples two methods, the standard phenol extraction procedure desctibed by Sambrook etal (1982) and the guanidinium thiocyanate method described by Boom et al(1990) were used. (who.int)
  • A concomitant amount of hydrogen is generated during the electrolytic degradation of phenol. (iitm.ac.in)
  • The contribution of irradiation and the dihydroxybenzenes (DHB), catechol (CAT) and hydroquinone (HQ), added or formed as phenol oxidation intermediates, was evaluated for the reduction of Fe III and for phenol degradation via Fenton processes. (scielo.br)
  • The formation of CAT and HQ was observed during phenol degradation starting with Fe 2+ or Fe 3+ in the presence or absence of irradiation and their presence increased the rate of phenol degradation, more remarkably when initially added. (scielo.br)
  • Initial phenol degradation rate in the presence of DHB in the dark was much higher in comparison to their absence due to the initial higher and faster formation of Fe 2+ . (scielo.br)
  • Phytochemical screening was carried out on aqueous and ethanol extracts of bee bread. (ijpsonline.com)
  • [10] In this study, the aqueous extracts from Sambucus nigra L. demonstrated a notable inhibition of Salmonella (7 mm). (researchgate.net)
  • Valence stabilization of polyvalent ions in acidic solutions during gamma irradiation is an important issue in nuclear aqueous chemical technology. (scirp.org)
  • Barakat, M. and Hamid, M. (2015) Valence Stabilization of Fe(II) Ions during Extended Gamma Irradiation of Their Aqueous Acidic Solutions Containing Phenol, Acetone, 4-Ethylpyridine or Hydrazine Hydrate. (scirp.org)
  • Valence change of polyvalent ions in aqueous acidic solutions in strong gamma irradiation fields can seriously affect the mechanism of some chemical processes. (scirp.org)
  • In the present work, the protective effect occurring due to the presence of additives belonging to different classes of organic compounds namely, Phenol (aromatic alcohol), Acetone (aliphatic ketone), 4-Aminopyridine (aromatic heterocyclic nitrogen compound) and Hydrazine hydrate (aliphatic amine) on divalent iron ions during extended gamma irradiation, has been studied. (scirp.org)
  • 20. Z. Luz and R.G. Shulman, Proton magnetic resonance shifts in aqueous solutions of paramagnetic metal ions. (weizmann.ac.il)
  • The sodium salt of phenol, sodium phenoxide, is far more water-soluble. (wikipedia.org)
  • 17. Z. Luz and S. Meiboom, Rate and mechanism of proton exchange in aqueous solutions of phenol-sodium phenolate buffer. (weizmann.ac.il)
  • Sodium mycophenolate dissociates in an aqueous phase to mycophenolic acid. (janusinfo.se)
  • Preliminary phytochemical screening yielded the aqueous extract concentration of 8.8% w/w while that of methanolic extract was 21.76% w/w and phenolics isolated was of 0.21% w/w. (omicsonline.org)
  • Thereafter, we listed the 18 best-matched phytochemical compounds present in aqueous extract through LC/MS analysis. (bvsalud.org)
  • In the present work, valence stabilization of divalent iron during gamma irradiation was studied in presence of some organic additives, belonging to some other classes of organic compounds such as Phenol (aromatic alcohol), Acetone (aliphatic ketone), 4-Aminopyridine (heterocyclic amino compound) and Hydrazine hydrate (aliphatic amino compound) to complement our previous studies. (scirp.org)
  • Bio-oil is a mixture of over 200 different types of major and minor organic compounds, and is a source of some pure chemicals including phenol, organic acids, alcohol, and aldehyde, among others [12]. (researchgate.net)
  • The two phases are physically separated, and nucleic acid is subsequently recovered from the aqueous phase by a method known as "alcohol precipitation. (cdc.gov)
  • 3. B.L. Silver and Z. Luz, Rates and mechanisms of protolysis of trimethyl-phosphonium ion in aqueous solution studied by proton magnetic resonance. (weizmann.ac.il)
  • 9. Z. Luz and S. Meiboom, Nuclear magnetic resonance study of the protolysis of trimethylammonium ion in aqueous solution-order of the reaction with respect to water. (weizmann.ac.il)
  • The reaction product obtained by neutralizing coal tar oil alkaline extract with an acidic solution, such as aqueous sulfuric acid, or gaseous carbon dioxide, to obtain the free acids. (europa.eu)
  • It is shown that sorption of the components of binary water-organic mixtures and phenol sorption from these mixtures on cellulose depend on the intermolecular interactions in the water-DMSO and water-AN solutions. (novapublishers.com)
  • 2004). Several technologies have been developed for the removal of chromium in aqueous solutions over the years. (bioline.org.br)
  • It is also soluble in strongly alkaline aqueous solutions due to deprotonation of the phenol. (dbpedia.org)
  • Aqueous solutions of phenols are neutralised by strong bases to give salts. (docbrown.info)
  • Aim: The present article aims to study and compare the antioxidant activity of aqueous solutions of leaves and flowers of Sambucus nigra L obtained at different exposure times and assess the antibacterial activity of these solutions against Escherichia coli ATCC 8739, Salmonella NCTC 6017, Listeria monocytogenes NCTC 11994, and Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25093. (researchgate.net)
  • 4. Z. Luz and B.L. Silver, The acid catalyzed exchange of phosphorus bonded hydrogen in aqueous solutions of dialkyl phosphonates studied by nuclear magnetic resonances. (weizmann.ac.il)
  • 10. Z. Luz and S. Meiboom, Kinetics of proton exchange in aqueous solutions of acetate buffer. (weizmann.ac.il)
  • 16. Z. Luz and S. Meiboom, Rate and mechanism of proton exchange in aqueous solutions of phosphate buffer. (weizmann.ac.il)
  • 21. Z. Luz and G. Yagil, Water 17O nuclear magnetic resonance shift in aqueous solutions of 1:1 electrolyte. (weizmann.ac.il)
  • 24. Z. Luz and I. Pecht, Oxygen-17 nuclear magnetic resonance and oxygen exchange in aqueous solutions of telluric acid. (weizmann.ac.il)
  • Microstructure evolution in aqueous solutions of cetyl trimethylammoni" by Vivek Agarwal, Mohit Singh et al. (uri.edu)
  • In carbon tetrachloride and in alkane solvents, phenol hydrogen bonds with a wide range of Lewis bases such as pyridine, diethyl ether, and diethyl sulfide. (wikipedia.org)
  • RNA partitions to the upper, aqueous phase while DNA partitions to the interphase and proteins to the lower, organic phase. (qiagen.com)
  • In support of the second explanation, the pKa of the enol of acetone in water is 10.9, making it only slightly less acidic than phenol (pKa 10.0). (wikipedia.org)
  • Phenol is an organic compound appreciably soluble in water, with about 84.2 g dissolving in 1000 mL (0.895 M). Homogeneous mixtures of phenol and water at phenol to water mass ratios of ~2.6 and higher are possible. (wikipedia.org)
  • The sorption isotherms of the components on cellulose from water-organic mixtures are obtained, immersion heats of cellulose in water-DMSO and water-AN mixtures and heats of phenol dissolution in the above-mentioned mixtures are measured. (novapublishers.com)
  • The thermodynamic characteristics of phenol dissolution as well as sorption character on cellulose change drastically at concentrations corresponding to change of character of cluster formation in water-DMSO and water-AN mixtures. (novapublishers.com)
  • Phenol/guanidine-based QIAzol Lysis Reagent can be used to lyse all classes of tissues but is optimized for lysis of fatty tissues, such as brain and adipose tissues. (qiagen.com)
  • Phenol/guanidine-based QIAzol Lysis Reagent is suitable for all tissues and is optimized for lysis of fatty tissues, such as brain and adipose tissues. (qiagen.com)
  • Phenol is highly reactive toward electrophilic aromatic substitution. (wikipedia.org)
  • Thymol (also known as 2-isopropyl-5-methylphenol, IPMP), C10H14O, is a natural monoterpenoid phenol derivative of p-Cymene, isomeric with carvacrol, found in oil of thyme, and extracted from Thymus vulgaris (common thyme), ajwain, and various other plants as a white crystalline substance of a pleasant aromatic odor and strong antiseptic properties. (dbpedia.org)
  • The considerable increase in strength, albeit phenols are still very weak acids, is due to the stabilisation of the 'phenoxide' anion by the negative charge being delocalised to some extent by the pi orbitals benzene (aromatic ring) - illustrated below. (docbrown.info)
  • RNA is precipitated from the aqueous phase by addition of isopropanol. (qiagen.com)
  • The computational study revealed that five out of eighteen predicted compounds can cross the BBB and exert considerable aqueous solubility. (bvsalud.org)
  • Note: low pH is crucial since at neutral pH DNA not RNA partitions into the aqueous phase. (openwetware.org)
  • Collect the aqueous phase and transfer it to a new tube. (neb.com)
  • The upper layer is the aqueous phase that contains only nucleic acid. (cdc.gov)
  • In this study, the antimicrobial effect of Lawsonia inermis aqueous extract was investigated against Escherichia coli , Salmonella typhimurium , Staphylococcus epidermidis , and Listeria innocua , by disc diffusion agar, well diffusion agar, minimum inhibitory concentration, and minimum bactericidal concentration methods. (ac.ir)
  • The antimicrobial and antioxidant properties of L. inermis leaf aqueous extract could make it a natural bioactive compound to be used as in food and medicinal products. (ac.ir)
  • It was found that the antioxidant activity increased significantly as a function of L. inermis aqueous extract concentration. (ac.ir)
  • Phenol concentration decreased from the initial value of 200 to about 10 ppm. (iitm.ac.in)
  • This paper reports the electrochemical oxidation of synthetic water containing 200 ppm of phenol. (iitm.ac.in)
  • Fraction sorbed to airborne particulates (phi): 0.0828 (Junge,Mackay) Note: the sorbed fraction may be resistant to atmospheric oxidation Soil Adsorption Coefficient (PCKOCWIN v1.66): Koc : 9.429E+005 Log Koc: 5.974 Aqueous Base/Acid-Catalyzed Hydrolysis (25 deg C) [HYDROWIN v1.67]: Rate constants can NOT be estimated for this structure! (chemspider.com)
  • Phenol is so strongly activated that bromination and chlorination lead readily to polysubstitution. (wikipedia.org)
  • Furthermore, the aqueous extract showed the marked inhibition of cell-free acetylcholinesterase (electric eel) with an IC50 value of 48.25 ± 2.04 µg/mL, and an enzyme inhibition kinetics study revealed that it exhibits mixed inhibition. (bvsalud.org)
  • These findings suggest that the aqueous extract of Khudari fruit pulp has significant antioxidant and acetylcholinesterase inhibition potentials, and its compound, MDIE, forms stably with confirmation with the target protein, though this fruit of Khudari dates can be a better functional food for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. (bvsalud.org)
  • Penetration data were gathered for a series of barbiturates, nicotinates, phenols, steroids, and a selection of other compounds. (cdc.gov)
  • An aqueous extract significantly inhibited glycogen phosphorylase. (stuartxchange.org)
  • From that reason, this study is focused on evaluation of an individual sorbent efficiency and capacity concerning phenol removal from waste and/or industrial water by sorption techniques. (cas.cz)
  • Phenols are very weakly acid when dissolved in water. (docbrown.info)
  • Crude water extract of leaves showed the highest total phenols. (stuartxchange.org)
  • The present work reports for the first time the HPLC analysis and in vitro antioxidant evaluation of mango peel phenols (MPPs) and their cytotoxic effect on the A549 lung cancer cell line. (mdpi.com)
  • These PPs are reactive metabolites abundant in plant derived foods, particularly fruits, seeds and leaves and are characterized by the presence of several phenol groups, which derive from L-phenylalanine 8,37,4 . (bvsalud.org)
  • 4, 4' Substituted cyclohexadienone can undergo a dienone-phenol rearrangement in acid conditions and form stable 3,4‐disubstituted phenol. (wikipedia.org)
  • For high performance in downstream applications, subsequent purification of the RNA is recommended using the RNeasy MinElute Cleanup Kit to remove any contaminating phenol and to concentrate the RNA. (qiagen.com)
  • The carbon anode seems to be passivated with a thin layer of poly-phenol. (iitm.ac.in)
  • Carbon dioxide or dry chemical extinguishers should be used to fight phenol fires. (wikipedia.org)