Antibody antigens cd40. Medical search. Frequent questions

The ligand of CD40 is CD154 (CD40 ligand). (biolegend.com)
Furthermore, interactions of CD40 with its ligand, CD154, are involved in the initiation and effector stages of cell-mediated immune responses. (bdbiosciences.com)
HM40-3 mAb has been demonstrated to inhibit the binding of soluble CD154 (gp39, CD40 Ligand) to soluble CD40 and to cell-surface CD40. (bdbiosciences.com)
The lead antibody Sym021 blocked PD-L1 and PD-L2 ligand binding, resulting in elevated T-cell cytokine production in vitro. (antibodysociety.org)
CD154 has been kown a 39 kD TNF superfamily member also known as CD40 ligand, gp39, T-BAM, TRAP, and Ly-62. (biolegend.com)
To test this hypothesis, both an Ag‐specific mouse B cell clone CH12.LX, and freshly isolated resting splenic B cells were cultured with either soluble or membrane‐bound forms of the T cell ligand for CD40 (CD40L), in the presence or absence of additional signals provided by Ag or anti‐IgM, interleukin‐4, and class II‐specific monoclonal antibody (mAb). (uthscsa.edu)
Bishop, GA, Warren, WD & Berton, MT 1995, ' Signaling via major histocompatibility complex class II molecules and antigen receptors enhances the B cell response to gp39/CD40 ligand ', European Journal of Immunology , vol. 25, no. 5, pp. 1230-1238. (uthscsa.edu)
Interaction of CD40 with its ligand CD154 (gp39), which is expressed on activated T cells, is important in costimulation and immune regulation. (elabscience.com)
The second involves a network of co-inhibitory and co-stimulatory molecules pathways such as CD80/CD86-CD28/cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen-4 (CTLA-4), inducible co-stimulator (ICOS)-ICOS ligand (ICOSL), programmed death-1 (PD-1), programme death ligand-1/2 (PD-L1/PD-L2), 4-1BB-4-1BB ligand (4-1BBL), CD40-CD154 ligand, OX40-OX40 ligand and CD27-CD70. (biomedcentral.com)
The binding of CD40 and CD40 ligand can also promote B-2 cell immune responses. (creative-biolabs.com)
CD154 (CD40 ligand, gp39) binds to CD40 expressed on antigen presenting cells and mediates important costimulatory functions between ≥ ≥ ≥ these cells. (cytekbio.com)
BACKGROUND: The CD40-CD154 receptor-ligand pair plays a critical role in allograft rejection by mediating the activation of endothelial cells, antigen-presenting cells, and T cells. (ox.ac.uk)
RÉSUMÉ L'objectif de l'étude était d'évaler l'importance clinique du ligand de CD40 soluble (sCD40L) chez des patients atteints d'un carcinome hépatocellulaire (CHC) associé au virus de l'hépatite C (VHC). (who.int)
CD40 ligand is an accessory signal for T-cell activation and can overcome T-cell anergy. (houstonmethodist.org)
The OX40-OX40 ligand pathway is involved in the subsequent expansion of memory antigen-specific T cells. (houstonmethodist.org)
Most cases are X-linked and caused by mutations in a gene on the X chromosome that encodes a protein (CD154, or CD40 ligand) on the surfaces of activated helper T cells. (msdmanuals.com)
In the presence of cytokines, normal CD40 ligand interacts with B cells and thus signals them to switch from producing IgM to producing IgA, IgG, or IgE. (msdmanuals.com)
In X-linked hyper-IgM syndrome, T cells lack functional CD40 ligand and cannot signal B cells to switch. (msdmanuals.com)

Monoclonal antibodies: designed to bind to specific targets on cancer cells, marking cancer cells so that they will be better seen and destroyed by the immune system. (wikipedia.org)
Traditional polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies are the product of normal B cell development and genetic recombination. (cellsignal.com)
In contrast, hybridoma-based systems for producing monoclonal antibodies are subject to genetic drift and instability, increasing the potential for lot-to-lot variability or loss of antibody expression. (cellsignal.com)
Another approach involves treating cells with fluorescent beads that bind to antigens to detect B cells expressing monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) at a single-cell level. (creative-biolabs.com)
Chimeric, Human and Humanized Anti-CSAP Monoclonal Antibodies - The present invention provides humanized, chimeric and human anti-CSAp antibodies and anti-CSAp antibody fusion proteins that are useful for the treatment and diagnosis of various cancers, including colon cancer. (patentsencyclopedia.com)
Immunostimulatory monoclonal antibodies became newsworthy when the drug ipilimumab proved effective against metastatic melanoma and was approved for patients by the Food and Drug Administration. (cialispharmrx.com)
This group defined the Type I and II classification of anti-CD20 monoclonal antibodies and contributed to the production and approval of ofatumumab and obinutuzumab. (cialispharmrx.com)

We demonstrate that targeting the receptor-binding domain (RBD) of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein to CD40 (αCD40.RBD) induces significant levels of specific T and B cells, with long-term memory phenotypes, in a humanized mouse model. (nature.com)
The structure of ABBV-323 Fab demonstrates a unique method for antagonism by stabilizing the proposed functional antiparallel dimer for CD40 receptor via novel contacts to LCDR1, namely residue position R32 which is further supported by a closely related agonist antibody FAB516 which shows only monomeric recognition and no contacts with LCDR1 due to a mutation to L32 on LCDR1. (biomedcentral.com)
Engagement of CD40 by CD40L results in the recruitment of TNF receptor associated factors (TRAFs) to the cytoplasmic domain of CD40 [ 1 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
CD27 is a 50 kDa member of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor superfamily that includes CD40 and CD30. (thermofisher.com)
Combining the best of two worlds: highly flexible chimeric antigen receptor adaptor molecules (CAR-adaptors) for the recruitment of chimeric antigen receptor T cells. (antibodysociety.org)
The present study was designed to test the hypothesis that signals delivered via the B cell antigen (Ag) receptor (membrane immunoglobulin, mIg) and major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II molecules enhance B cell responsiveness to CD40‐mediated signals, providing specificity to the Ag‐nonspecific, MHC‐unrestricted CD40 signal. (uthscsa.edu)
Alessio M, Roggero S, Bussolino F, Saitta M, Malavasi F: Characterization of the murine monoclonal antibody NL07 specific for the human thrombospondin receptor (CD36 molecule). (exbio.cz)
Baxalta, the biopharmaceutical spinoff of Baxter, entered into a $1.7 B deal with Precision BioSceinces for 6 CAR-T (Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-cell) projects, and Saronic Biotechnology announced positive data in preclinical studies of its autologous dendritic cell vaccine for hepatocellular carcinoma. (shu.edu)
Janssen Biotech acquired a worldwide license to Alligator Bioscience's Phase I immunotherapy ADC-1013 , an agonistic monoclonal antibody that targets CD40, an immuno-stimulatory receptor found on antigen-presenting cells, which can spur an increase in T cells attacking a tumor. (shu.edu)
Thus, the multispecific antagonist contains at least one binding specificity related to the diseased cell or condition being treated and at least one specificity to a component of the immune system, such as a receptor or antigen of B cells, T cells, neutrophils, monocytes and macrophages, and dendritic cells, a modulator of coagulation, or a proinflammatory cytokine. (patentsencyclopedia.com)
Murine anti-human CD3 monoclonal antibody OKT3 (muromonab-CD3) binds towards the T cell receptor CD3 complex and is an established T cell activator [50]. (pteninhibitor.com)
CD40 receptor stimulation also increases phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) activity. (pteninhibitor.com)

The HB14 antibody has been reported to promote B cell proliferation in the presence of anti-IgM, IL-4 or PMA, partially block CD40 binding to CD40L and rescue B cells from apoptosis. (biolegend.com)
Additional reported applications (for the relevant formats) include: costimulation of B cell proliferation, partial inhibition of CD40 binding to CD40L, and prevention of B cell apoptosis. (biolegend.com)
Engagement of CD40 by CD40L expressed on T cells results in the production of proinflammatory cytokines, induces T helper cell function, and promotes macrophage activation. (biomedcentral.com)
Much of our understanding of CD40/CD40L biology comes from the interaction between antigen presenting cells [CD40 expression on either dendritic cells (DC) or B cells] and CD40L-expressing T cells. (biomedcentral.com)
Each CD40 monomer associated within the CD40L intersubunit groove through variety of polar and hydrophobic interactions. (biomedcentral.com)
Attempts to disrupt the CD40-CD40L pathway for the treatment of autoimmunity and transplant rejection have been limited due to safety issues linked to the functional properties of specific biologic therapies. (biomedcentral.com)
SEA-CD40 exhibits superior antagonistic activity against CD40L in vitro and exhibits anti-tumor efficacy in xenograft animal models. (creative-biolabs.com)
Knock-out mice lacking various aspects of pathways important in Th1 and Tfh development and function were used to demonstrate that T-bet, CD40, CD40L, and MHCII mediated protection from RVFV encephalitis, while IFN- and IL-12 were dispensable. (cdc.gov)
In this study we develop reagents to detect RVFV-specific T cells and provide evidence for Tfh cells and CD40/CD40L interactions as critical mediators of this protection. (cdc.gov)

CD154) is a transmembrane protein expressed on the surface of activated T cells, particularly on CD4 T cells, which stimulates CD40-dependent activation of antigen-presenting cells (APCs), resulting in enhancement of T cell and antibody responses. (biospace.com)
CD154 is an accessory molecule expressed predominantly on activated CD4 + lymphocytes that bind CD40. (biolegend.com)
The MR1 antibody is specific for mouse CD154, a 39 kD glycoprotein that is primarily expressed on activated T cells. (cytekbio.com)
Signals generated via cognate interactions between ≥ ≥ ≥ CD154-CD40 on activated T and B cells are required for T-dependent B cell responses. (cytekbio.com)
The MR1 antibody is reported to block interaction of CD154 with CD40. (cytekbio.com)
METHODS: BALB/c (H2d) aortic grafts were transplanted into C57BL/6 (H2b) recipients treated with anti-CD154 monoclonal antibody in the presence or absence of CD8+ T-cell depletion. (ox.ac.uk)

CD40 is a 48 kDa type I transmembrane protein that is constitutively expressed on hematopoietic cells such as dendritic cells, macrophages, and B cells. (biomedcentral.com)
CD40 is a 48 kDa type I transmembrane protein that is expressed on a wide range of hematopoietic (B cells, monocytes/macrophages, dendritic cells) and non-hematopoietic (activated epithelium, endothelium) cells. (biomedcentral.com)
Antigen Presenting Cells (APc's - dendritic cells, monocytes, and macrophages) are the key to provoking a robust adaptive immune response. (shu.edu)
Dendritic cells (DCs) are hematopoietic-derived highly specialized antigen-presenting cells (APCs) that display potent ability to induce both specific immune responses and deletion of potentially autoreactive T cells. (ashpublications.org)
It appears that these reagents work primarily by binding to CD40 on antigen presenting cells such as dendritic cells, but probably also B cells, and activating them to a level that allows the generation of effective tumour-specific T cells. (cialispharmrx.com)
The mucosal immune system is uniquely regulated to manage its constant exposure to viruses, parasites, and bacterial antigens, all of which are in close proximity to a large reservoir of lymphocytes, macrophages, and dendritic cells. (medscape.com)

Cancer immunotherapy exploits the fact that cancer cells often have tumor antigens, molecules on their surface that can bind to antibody proteins or T-cell receptors, triggering an immune system response. (wikipedia.org)
The tumor antigens are often proteins or other macromolecules (e.g., carbohydrates). (wikipedia.org)
A number of presentations were focused on the role of CD1 proteins, which present lipid antigens (e.g., from mycobacteria or Francisella tularensis , a potential weapon of bioterrorism) to T cells. (cdc.gov)
Augmented latex-specific IGE antibody response in BALB/c mice upon concurrent exposure to natural rubber latex proteins with glutaraldehyde. (cdc.gov)
The present studies were conducted to evaluate the immunomodulatory role of dermal exposure to glutaraldehyde (Glut) on the induction of IgE antibodies to natural rubber latex (NRL) proteins. (cdc.gov)
These studies demonstrate the potential for mixed exposures in the health care environment to modulate the development of IgE mediated responses to natural rubber latex proteins, underscoring the importance of environmental factors in the development of allergies to foreign antigens. (cdc.gov)
The expression of B7 proteins on an antigen-presenting cell is induced by pathogens during the innate response to an infection. (nih.gov)
Effector T cells act back to promote the expression of B7 proteins on antigen-presenting cells, creating a positive feedback loop that amplifies the T cell response. (nih.gov)
Antibodies recognize specific configurations (epitopes, or antigenic determinants) on the surfaces of antigens (eg, proteins, polysaccharides, nucleic acids). (msdmanuals.com)
135 antibodies against 65 mainly immunoregulatory proteins, we of a multitude of different genes (8, 9). (lu.se)

The lead CD3-targeting arm stimulates very low levels of cytokine release, but drives robust tumor antigen-specific killing in vitro and in a mouse xenograft model. (antibodysociety.org)
Recombinant antibodies are monoclonal, but their production involves in vitro genetic manipulation. (cellsignal.com)
In vitro methods for producing antibodies are amenable to large-scale production, meaning antibody availability is unlikely to become a limiting factor. (cellsignal.com)
Activated T cells induce proliferation and differentiation of resting B cells in vitro through their CD40 molecules and lymphokine receptors. (uthscsa.edu)
CD36 is expressed by most resting marginal zone B cells but not by follicular and B1 B cells, and it is rapidly induced on follicular B cells in vitro upon TLR and CD40 stimulation. (exbio.cz)
5C3 monoclonal antibody which reacts with human CD40 is reported to activate B cells in in vitro functional assays [51]. (pteninhibitor.com)

In our study, we show that combination treatment of targeted inhibition of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) kinase (MEK) and agonist immunostimulatory anti-CD40 antibody (Ab) is particularly suitable in counteracting aforementioned ICB resistance mechanisms (Fig. 1). (cell-stress.com)

The following figure demonstrated the mechanism of action of SEA-CD40, that is, by binding antigen-presenting cells to CD40 to activate antigen-presenting cells, further activating T cells to kill tumors and enhancing anti-tumor immune responses. (creative-biolabs.com)

This presentation reports results of preclinical mouse studies on a HER2/Neu-LAMP DNA vaccine that included a bicistronic DNA construct in which both the tumor antigen (HER2) fused with LAMP-1 (lysosomal- associated membrane protein 1) and sCD40L were expressed separately. (biospace.com)
The activity of such modCAR-T cells is entirely dependent on binding of the respective CAR-adaptor to both a tumor antigen and to the CAR-expressing T cell. (antibodysociety.org)
On the one hand, the aim is to induce tumor cell death, not merely stasis, thereby feeding the immune system with tumor antigen. (cell-stress.com)
On the other hand, it is essential not to paralyze the function of tumor antigen cross-presenting DCs and of the anti-tumor T cell response. (cell-stress.com)

Characterization of a Broadly Reactive Anti-CD40 Agonistic Monoclonal Antibody for Potential Use as an Adjuvant. (k-state.edu)

In addition, when injected into mice, soluble TACI inhibits antibody production to both T cellCdependent and Cindependent antigens. (portefeuillessac.com)

The mouse monoclonal antibody CB38 (NL07) recognizes an extracellular epitope of CD36 (GPIIIb), a 85-113 kDa integral membrane glycoprotein expressed on platelets, macrophages, endothelial cells, early erythroid cells and megakaryocytes. (exbio.cz)
The antibody TR9 reacts with an extracellular epitope of CD36 (GPIIIb), a 85 kDa integral membrane glycoprotein expressed on platelets, macrophages, endothelial cells, early erythroid cells and megakaryocytes. (exbio.cz)
Berre S, Gaudin R, Cunha de Alencar B, Desdouits M, Chabaud M, Naffakh N, Rabaza-Gairi M, Gobert FX, Jouve M, Benaroch P: CD36-specific antibodies block release of HIV-1 from infected primary macrophages and its transmission to T cells. (exbio.cz)
They not only help activate B cells to secrete antibodies and macrophages to destroy ingested microbes, but they also help activate cytotoxic T cells to kill infected target cells. (nih.gov)

This antibody also induces spleen B cells to express the costimulatory molecules CD80 (B7-1) and CD86 (B7-2). (bdbiosciences.com)

for instance, the use of CD40 agonist antibody plus antigen showed remarkably rapid immune response and protection in a murine model of anthrax. (cdc.gov)

Studies were also presented on novel molecules involved in the recognition of carbohydrate antigens such as specific intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM)-grabbing nonintegrins, which are C-type lectins that show substantial expression in many tissues, and toll-like receptors, which function as pattern recognition receptors for conserved pathogen structures and serve as key links between innate and adaptive immunity. (cdc.gov)
The CD40 molecule has a central role in B-cell growth and differentiation. (bdbiosciences.com)
Biological activity of the IgG molecule, not simply the antibody titer, but also opsonic and complement activity and circulating half-life, may be affected by discrete steps in the manufacturing and isolation of IgG. (medscape.com)
The same antibody molecule can cross-react with related antigens if their epitopes are similar enough to those of the original antigen. (msdmanuals.com)

At CST, we adhere to the Hallmarks of Antibody Validation™ , six complementary strategies for determining the specificity, sensitivity, and functionality of an antibody in any given assay. (cellsignal.com)
In the germinal center, B-2 cells acquire highly diverse antigen specificity through gene rearrangement and high-frequency mutation. (creative-biolabs.com)
One approach is to use an analysis system of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) to analyze the antigen specificity of circulating IgM + memory B cells (mBCs), in order to avoid interference from natural antibodies. (creative-biolabs.com)

The HM40-3 antibody reacts with CD40, a 40-50-kDa glycoprotein expressed on B lymphocytes and other antigen-presenting cells. (bdbiosciences.com)
Description: The 17A2 monoclonal antibody reacts with the mouse CD3 complex. (thermofisher.com)

Agonist anti-CD40 provides co-stimulatory signal, increases antigen presentation, and stimulates CD4 + and CD8 + T cells. (cell-stress.com)
It truly is identified that activation of CD40 stimulates ROS production by an NADPH oxidase. (pteninhibitor.com)

discuss the role of integrins in T cell- mediated immunity, with a focus on how these receptors participate in lymphocyte recirculation and T cell activation, how antigen stimulation regulates integrin activity, and how integrins define functionally unique subsets of T cells and APCs. (scielo.br)
High expression levels of CD27 appear to be dependent on proper ligation of antigen receptors. (thermofisher.com)
However, despite constitutive B cell expression of CD40 and lymphokine receptors, widespread nonspecific polyclonal B cell activation by activated T cells is seldom observed in vivo. (uthscsa.edu)
Required for T-cell migration mediated by homing receptors SELL/CD62L, CCR7 and S1PR1 and antigen dependent recruitment of T-cells. (scbdd.com)
By changing the activation status of effector cells in the tumour, they envisage being able to influence the ratio of activatory to inhibitory receptors and thereby improve antibody therapy. (cialispharmrx.com)

CD40 antagonists are currently being explored for the treatment of autoimmune diseases and several anti-CD40 agonist mAbs have entered clinical development for oncological indications. (biomedcentral.com)
To better understand the mode of action of anti-CD40 mAbs, we have determined the x-ray crystal structures of the ABBV-323 (anti-CD40 antagonist, ravagalimab) Fab alone, ABBV-323 Fab complexed to human CD40 and FAB516 (anti-CD40 agonist) complexed to human CD40. (biomedcentral.com)
The Antibody Society is pleased to be affiliated with mAbs , a multi-disciplinary journal dedicated to advancing the art and science of antibody research and development. (antibodysociety.org)

Whole microbes, microbial subunits and extracts, and peptide and protein antigens have been the focus of much vaccine research and development. (cdc.gov)
While studies of peptide and protein antigens have been facilitated by the rapid advances in genomics and proteomics, studies of sugar chains, which are abundantly expressed on the outer surfaces of viral, bacterial, protozoan, and fungal pathogens and on the membranes of mammalian cells, have not kept pace with technologic advances. (cdc.gov)
These posters to be presented at the AACR Meeting focus on the investigational nucleic acid platform, UNITE™ (UNiversal Intracellular Targeted Expression) for two vaccines, ITI-3000 for Merkel cell carcinoma (targeting the large T antigen of the Merkel cell polyomavirus) and Her2/Neu-LAMP DNA vaccine, both of which fuse a tumor associated antigen with lysosomal associated membrane protein 1 (LAMP-1). (biospace.com)
To activate antigen-specific CD4 T cells in vivo, the investigators utilized the nucleic acid vaccine platform, UNITE (UNiversal Intracellular Targeted Expression), which fuses a tumor-associated antigen with lysosomal-associated membrane protein 1 (LAMP1). (biospace.com)
CD40 is usually a costimulatory protein located on antigen presenting cells and is necessary for their activationOxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity [52, 53]. (pteninhibitor.com)
Furthermore, various other mechanisms have been HCV Protease supplier proposed by which CD40 leads to cytokine production, like protein kinase B (Akt) and nuclear factor (NF)-kappa B (NF-B) signaling pathways [55].2. (pteninhibitor.com)
In people with Graves' disease, the immune system creates a protein (antibody) called thyroid-stimulating immunoglobulin (TSI). (medlineplus.gov)

The monoclonal antibody was purified from tissue culture supernatant or ascites by affinity chromatography. (bdbiosciences.com)
Where polyclonal antibodies are purified directly from the serum of the immunized host, and monoclonals are purified from either hybridoma-derived tissue culture supernatant or ascites, recombinant antibodies are instead purified from the tissue culture supernatants of transfected host cell lines. (cellsignal.com)

Normal antibodies bind to external pathogens, but the modified immunotherapy antibodies bind to the tumor antigens marking and identifying the cancer cells for the immune system to inhibit or kill. (wikipedia.org)
The design of optimal vaccines against such pathogens should include lipid and peptide antigens. (cdc.gov)
Antibodies are exquisite, naturally occurring biological agents that play a critical role in defending the body from pathogens. (justia.com)
Efficient recognition of foreign pathogens by T cells requires adhesive interactions between T cells and other cell types, such as endothelial cells and antigen-presenting cells (APCs), and with components of the extracellular matrix. (scielo.br)
The high-affinity IgM antibodies produced by B-2 cells can effectively eliminate pathogens. (creative-biolabs.com)

The effector functions elicited by the fragment crystallizable (Fc) region of immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies are subject to variation by the presence of terminal sialic acid (Sia) residues at asparagine-297 (Asn-297). (scirp.org)
IgM immunoglobulin therapy may modulate autoimmunity and inflammation, but production of antigen-specific IgM antibodies for therapeutic use remains challenging. (creative-biolabs.com)
Characteristics of Immunoglobulin M Type Antibodies of Different Origins from the Immunologic and Clinical Viewpoints and Their Application in Controlling Antibody-Mediated Allograft Rejection. (creative-biolabs.com)
Fig.1 Glycoengineering by defucosylation of immunoglobulin G oligosaccharides in the Fc region of SEA-CD40. (creative-biolabs.com)

These three crystals structures 1) identify the conformational CD40 epitope for ABBV-323 recognition 2) illustrate conformational changes which occur in the CDRs of ABBV-323 Fab upon CD40 binding and 3) develop a structural hypothesis for an agonist/antagonist switch in the LCDR1 of this proprietary class of CD40 antibodies. (biomedcentral.com)
Detailed epitope mapping showed that the epitope recognized by Sym021 was unique compared to the clinically approved PD1 antibodies pembrolizumab and nivolumab. (antibodysociety.org)
While polyclonal antibodies are secreted by many different B cell clones and recognize multiple antigenic epitopes, monoclonals originate from a single B cell clone and are specific for just one epitope. (cellsignal.com)
After 24 h, cell lysates were immunoprecipitated with monoclonal antibody against myc epitope. (portefeuillessac.com)

for example, for unknown reasons group A polysaccharide is uniquely immunogenic in infants as young as 6 months of age and repeated doses elicit booster antibody responses, whereas group C is poorly immunogenic and repeated doses do not induce adequate responses. (cdc.gov)
This presentation reports results of pre-clinical mouse studies of a cancer vaccine that promotes potent, antigen-specific CD4 T cell responses to MCPγV-LT. The majority of Merkel cell carcinomas (MCC), a rare and highly aggressive type of neuroendocrine skin cancer, are associated with Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCPyV) infection. (biospace.com)
The authors also argue that memory B and T cell responses are long-lived in the absence of antigen, but they are modulated and influenced by other infections and that memory B and T cells can either provide protective immunity or contribute to immunopathology on infection with homologous or heterologous viruses. (scielo.br)
Adenovirus- vectored Novel African Swine Fever Virus Antigens Elicit Robust Immune Responses in Swine. (k-state.edu)
Induction of Robust Immune Responses in Swine by Using a Cocktail of Adenovirus-Vectored African Swine Fever Virus Antigens. (k-state.edu)
Won WJ, Bachmann MF, Kearney JF: CD36 Is Differentially Expressed on B Cell Subsets during Development and in Responses to Antigen. (exbio.cz)
In the setting of cancer, instead of eliciting effector pathways that would lead to tumor elimination, these antibodies might promote down-regulation of the cellular inflammatory responses to the tumor. (scirp.org)
Mechanisms of resistance to ICB include low tumor immunogenicity associated with low T cell infiltration ('cold' tumors), suppression of anti-tumor immunity by immunosuppressive cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME), lack of antigen-presentation and immune escape (e.g. by downregulation of MHC-I on tumor cells) as well as oncologic pathways that suppress immune responses. (cell-stress.com)
They are activated on the surface of antigen -presenting cells, which mature during the innate immune responses triggered by an infection. (nih.gov)
After surviving, IgM memory B cells can quickly initiate IgM and IgG antibody responses upon re-infection with the same pathogen. (creative-biolabs.com)
The effect of SEA-CD40 is enhanced by polished ADCC activity, activation of immune responses, and induction of antigen-specific T cells. (creative-biolabs.com)
Virus-specific antibody responses correlated with protection from encephalitis in all mouse strains, suggesting that Tfh-B cell interactions modulate clinical outcome in this model. (cdc.gov)

Human peripheral blood lymphocytes stained with CD40 (clone HB14) PE/Cyanine7 (filled histogram) or mouse IgG1, κ PE/Cyanine7 isotype control (open histogram). (biolegend.com)
lymphocytes that bind CD40. (biolegend.com)
Separation of human CD36 positive platelets (red-filled) from lymphocytes (black-dashed) in flow cytometry analysis (surface staining) of human peripheral whole blood stained using anti-human CD36 (TR9) APC-Cy™7 antibody (4 μl reagent / 100 μl of peripheral whole blood). (exbio.cz)

SEA-CD40 is a fully humanized non-fucosylated IgG1 monoclonal antibody (mAb) specific for CD40. (creative-biolabs.com)

CD40 has been reported to be involved in B cell differentiation, costimulation, isotype class-switching, and protection of B cells from apoptosis. (biolegend.com)
Alessio M, Ghigo D, Garbarino G, Geuna M, Malavasi F: Analysis of the human CD36 leucocyte differentiation antigen by means of the monoclonal antibody NL07. (exbio.cz)
However, further research is required to understand the conditions that induce differentiation of IgM + B-2 cells into antibody-producing cells, particularly in vivo, as the presence of helper cells may inhibit the differentiation process. (creative-biolabs.com)
Before widespread application of IgM antibodies in clinical settings, such as standard care or diagnostic procedures, several issues need to be addressed, including clarifying the conditions that induce differentiation of IgM + B-2 cells into antibody-producing cells, understanding the mechanisms by which IgM antibodies contribute to graft survival, and evaluating the clinical significance of IgM antibodies in the context of AMR. (creative-biolabs.com)

Efficient tumor killing and minimal cytokine release with novel T-cell agonist bispecific antibodies. (antibodysociety.org)
In other preferred embodiments, the F-18 labeled moiety may comprise a targetable conjugate that may be used in combination with a bispecific or multispecific antibody to target the F-18 to an antigen expressed on a cell or tissue associated with a disease, medical condition, or pathogen. (patentsencyclopedia.com)

In the B cell system protective memory is mediated by plasma cells that secrete antibodies, whereas reactive memory is mediated by memory B cells that proliferate and differentiate to plasma cells in response to secondary antigenic stimulation. (scielo.br)
Mediates B-cell proliferation response to anti-IgM, anti-CD40 and IL4 stimulation. (scbdd.com)

Other fragments and chimeric antibodies have also been made. (justia.com)

In cancer vaccines, the goal is to generate an immune response to these antigens through a vaccine. (wikipedia.org)
The goals of this workshop were to examine the mechanisms involved in generating an appropriate immune response to selected carbohydrate antigens, highlight recent and novel advances, and discuss how this information could be used in the development of effective vaccines. (cdc.gov)
Understanding the mechanistic aspects of the genetic control and the cellular pathways of the immune response to bacterial carbohydrate antigens should provide insights into ways to enhance the immune response and thus facilitate vaccine development. (cdc.gov)
Accordingly, there remains a need for antibodies that do not provoke a strong immune response but yet bind strongly to their antigens and methods for identifying such antibodies. (justia.com)
They are generated by immunizing an animal with an antigen to elicit an immune response. (cellsignal.com)

Here, we present a new generation of subunit vaccines targeting viral antigens to CD40-expressing antigen-presenting cells. (nature.com)
Examples include therapeutic cancer vaccines (also known as treatment vaccines, which are designed to boost the body's immune system to fight cancer), CAR-T cell, and targeted antibody therapies. (wikipedia.org)
The meeting was organized into 7 sessions on such topics as genetic and cellular mechanisms of carbohydrate immunity, carbohydrate antigens for vaccines, and new tools for studying carbohydrates. (cdc.gov)
MCPyV integrates into the host genome, resulting in expression of a truncated form of the viral large T antigen (LT) in infected cells, and makes LT an attractive target for therapeutic cancer vaccines. (biospace.com)
Scientists also wanted to know if these mutations indicated a possible reduction in the effectiveness of the COVID-19 vaccines and certain monoclonal antibody treatments. (cialispharmrx.com)

The involvement of CD40 in chronic immune activation has resulted in CD40 being proposed as a therapeutic target for a range of chronic inflammatory diseases. (biomedcentral.com)
Cell-cell interactions between antigen presenting cells and T cells provide bidirectional signaling that is critical for the activation, maturation, and effector function of both cell types. (biomedcentral.com)
identified new anti-CD3 antibodies from humanized rats that bind to multiple epitopes and elicit varying levels of T-cell activation. (antibodysociety.org)
The ability of class II MHC‐mediated signals to enhance Ag‐specific B cell responsiveness to CD40‐mediated signaling may selectively promote the activation of B cell clones capable of cognate interactions with helper T cells. (uthscsa.edu)
Activation by TCR leads to antigen-dependent memory T-cell migration and retention to antigenic tissues. (scbdd.com)
The pentameric structure of IgM antibodies gives them high affinity and potent complement activation. (creative-biolabs.com)

CD40 is a 48 kD type I glycoprotein also known as BP50. (biolegend.com)

Anti-CD36 antibodies inhibit adhesive functions (e.g. adherence of infected erythrocytes to target cells). (exbio.cz)

To activate a cytotoxic or helper T cell to proliferate and differentiate into an effector cell , an antigen-presenting cell provides two kinds of signals. (nih.gov)

Lane 1 is 10% input, lane 2 is Rabbit (DA1E) mAb IgG XP ® Isotype Control #3900, and lane 3 is CD40 (E2Z7J) Rabbit mAb. (cellsignal.com)
C57BL/6 mouse splenocytes were stained with CD45R (B220) Monoclonal Antibody, FITC (Product # 11-0452-82) and 0.25 µg of Rat IgG2b kappa Isotype Control, Super Bright 600 (Product # 63-4031-82) (left) or 0.25 µg of CD3 Monoclonal Antibody, Super Bright 600 (right). (thermofisher.com)
CD40 regulates B cell development/maturation, Ig isotype switching and, in combination with other signals such as IL-4, protects B cells from surface Ig-induced apoptosis and promotes proliferation. (elabscience.com)

Sym021, a promising anti-PD1 clinical candidate antibody derived from a new chicken antibody discovery platform. (antibodysociety.org)
To commemorate the 10th anniversary of the article series and to celebrate the 2018 Nobel Prizes in Chemistry and in Physiology or Medicine, which were given for work that is highly relevant to antibody therapeutics research and development, the scope of the data presented was expanded to include an overview of all commercial clinical development of antibody therapeutics and approval success rates for this class of molecules. (antibodysociety.org)
Secondly, gemcitabine (GEM) and temozolomide, chemotherapeutics drugs generally considered mild and therefore applied in the context of immunostimulatory antibodies in pre-clinical and clinical settings, strongly suppressed DC-dependent T cell priming and expansion. (cell-stress.com)
Currently, the safety and tolerability of SEA-CD40 have been evaluated in clinical phase I dose escalation studies in patients with multiple solid tumor such as non-small-cell lung carcinoma, pancreatic adenocarcinoma, and head and neck neoplasms. (creative-biolabs.com)
Clinical benefits from monoclonal antibody therapy for B-chronic lymphocytic leukemia (B-CLL) have increased interest in developing additional immunotherapies for the disease. (houstonmethodist.org)

Vaccination with LTS220A-UNITE (ITI-3000) induced antigen-specific CD4 Th1 cells that was associated with delayed tumor growth and enhanced survival in treated mice in both the prophylactic and therapeutic settings. (biospace.com)
Researchers have modified antibodies in various ways in order to study their function or to improve their utility as therapeutic agents. (justia.com)
This new CD3-targeting antibody underpins a next-generation T-BsAb platform in which potent cytotoxicity is uncoupled from high levels of cytokine release, which may lead to a wider therapeutic window in the clinic. (antibodysociety.org)
Experienced scientists at Creative Biolabs have built a state-of-the-art non-IgG antibody research platform to provide customized, high-quality non-IgG antibody products and one-stop customization services for different therapeutic applications. (creative-biolabs.com)

The CDRs of V H and V L are held in close proximity by the FRs, and amino acid residues within the CDRs bind the antigen. (justia.com)

The antibody was conjugated with FITC under optimum conditions, and unreacted FITC was removed. (bdbiosciences.com)
The antibody TR9 cross-blocks binding of FITC-labeled standard antibody OKM5. (exbio.cz)

Febrile or phlogistic reactions are thought to be secondary to immune aggregates that fix IgG-aggregate or IgG-antigen complement complexes. (medscape.com)

CD40 expression on epithelium, leukocytes, and vascular endothelium is elevated in organ-specific autoimmune diseases such as Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, and rheumatoid arthritis and in systemic autoimmunity such as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). (biomedcentral.com)

These B-2 cells undergo affinity maturation in the germinal center and, through gene rearrangement and high-frequency mutation, generate memory B cells and long-lived plasma cells that continuously produce high-affinity IgM antibodies. (creative-biolabs.com)

The antibody was purified by affinity chromatography and conjugated with PE/Cyanine7 under optimal conditions. (biolegend.com)

Additionally, CD40 is important for T cell-B cell interactions. (biolegend.com)
An antibody that would prevent these interactions would act as an antagonist. (biomedcentral.com)
When using two or more Super Bright dye-conjugated antibodies in a staining panel, it is recommended to use Super Bright Complete Staining Buffer (Product # SB-4401) to minimize any non-specific polymer interactions. (thermofisher.com)

What is a Recombinant Antibody and Why is it Important? (cellsignal.com)
Recombinant antibodies offer several key advantages compared to traditional antibodies. (cellsignal.com)
As such, recombinant antibodies are seeing increased use for scientific research, especially as a means of addressing the ongoing reproducibility crisis. (cellsignal.com)
What is a Recombinant Antibody? (cellsignal.com)
Mammalian cell lines are most commonly used for recombinant antibody production, although cell lines of bacterial, yeast, or insect origin are also suitable. (cellsignal.com)
Because recombinant antibody production involves sequencing the antibody light and heavy chains, it is a highly controlled and reliable process. (cellsignal.com)
Recombinant antibodies are highly consistent from lot to lot, thereby ensuring reproducible experimental results. (cellsignal.com)
Unlike traditional methods for antibody production, recombinant approaches avoid the need to use animals. (cellsignal.com)
Regardless of whether an antibody is polyclonal, monoclonal or recombinant, it must always be properly validated in the intended application prior to experimental use. (cellsignal.com)

Several findings indicate that infectious events play a role in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis (MS). At the same time, T-cell autoimmunity to myelin antigens is widely believed to be crucial to the development of MS lesions. (tno.nl)

Creative Biolabs has established a team of customer support scientists ready to discuss ADCC/CDC optimization strategies, antibody production, bioinformatics analysis and other molecular biology/biotechnology issues. (creative-biolabs.com)

A) A mature antigen-presenting cell can deliver both signal 1 and 2 and thereby activate the T cell. (nih.gov)

When the multispecific antagonist comprises a combination of separate antibodies, combinations are excluded where one of said antibodies targets a B-cell antigen and the other antibody targets a T-cell, plasma cell, macrophage or inflammatory cytokine and combinations are also excluded where one of said antibodies targets CD20 and the other antibody targets C3b or CD40. (patentsencyclopedia.com)

This hamster mAb to a mouse leukocyte antigen has been observed to cross-react with similar populations of Lewis, Sprague-Dawley, and LOU16 rat leukocytes. (bdbiosciences.com)

Examples of such antibodies include rituximab (targeting CD-20), trastuzumab (targeting HER-2), and cetuximab (targeting EGFR). (wikipedia.org)
Antibodies such a rituximab, ofatumumab and alemtuzumab which target lymphomas directly rely mainly on FcR-expressing myeloid cells to deliver their killing activity. (cialispharmrx.com)

Each lot of this antibody is quality control tested by immunofluorescent staining with flow cytometric analysis . (biolegend.com)
Applications Reported: This 17A2 antibody has been reported for use in flow cytometric analysis. (thermofisher.com)
Applications Tested: This 17A2 antibody has been tested by flow cytometric analysis of mouse splenocytes. (thermofisher.com)

Given that group B meningococcal capsular polysaccharide is similar to host molecules, studies are ongoing to identify vaccine candidates that elicit protective antibody without eliciting autoantibodies. (cdc.gov)

Priming Cross-Protective Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus-Specific Immunity Using Live-Vectored Mosaic Antigens. (k-state.edu)

For the past 10 years, the annual 'Antibodies to watch' articles have provided updates on key events in the late-stage development of antibody therapeutics, such as first regulatory review or approval, that occurred in the year before publication or were anticipated to occur during the year of publication. (antibodysociety.org)

Anatomy27

Organisms9

Diseases4

Chemicals and Drugs154

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment36

Phenomena and Processes30

Disciplines and Occupations1

Information Science3

Health Care4

Ligand18

Monoclonal antibodies7

Receptor12

CD40L9

CD1546

Dendritic cells6

Proteins10

Vitro6

Anti-CD40 antibody1

Binding antigen-prese1

Tumor antigen4

Agonistic Monoclonal Antibody1

Soluble1

Macrophages4

Induces1

Agonist antibody1

Molecule4

Specificity3

Reacts2

Stimulates2

Receptors5

MAbs3

Protein7

Tissue culture supernatant or ascites2

Pathogens5

Immunoglobulin4

Epitope4

Responses12

Lymphocytes3

IgG11

Differentiation4

Bispecific2

Stimulation2

Chimeric1

Immune response5

Vaccines5

Activation6

Bp501

Inhibit1

Effector1

Isotype3

Clinical5

Therapeutic4

Bind1

FITC2

Complexes1

Autoimmune diseases1

Maturation1

Affinity chromatography1

Interactions3

Recombinant9

Autoimmunity1

Creative Biolabs1

Activate1

Macrophage1

Cross-react1

Rituximab2

Flow cytometric analysis3

Elicit1

Viral1

Regulatory1