• The catalytic subunit is highly conserved throughout evolution, and interacts with a wide range of proteins acting as regulatory subunits that target the enzyme to specific subcellular compartments and substrates. (rndsystems.com)
  • The catalytic subunit is ubiquitously expressed in tissues and cell lines. (rndsystems.com)
  • Factor XIII-A is the catalytic subunit and is a dimer of M.W. 160 kDa. (fishersci.com)
  • 10. [Monoclonal antibodies against the beta subunit of human chorionic gonadotropin]. (nih.gov)
  • 18. Monoclonal antibody specific to the beta subunit of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) and capable of agglutinating hCG-coated red blood cells. (nih.gov)
  • Intranuclear delivery of a novel antibody-derived radiosensitizer targeting the DNA-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit. (nih.gov)
  • The catalytic subunit of protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A(c)) was purified from Neurospora crassa extract by (NH4)(2)SO4-ethanol precipitation followed by DEAE-Sephacel, heparin-Sepharose, and MonoQ chromatography steps about 900-fold to a specific activity of 1200 U/g with a 2% yield. (ed.ac.uk)
  • Localization of the catalytic subunit of cyclic AMP-dependent. (bvsalud.org)
  • An abzyme (from antibody and enzyme), also called catmab (from catalytic monoclonal antibody), and most often called catalytic antibody or sometimes catab, is a monoclonal antibody with catalytic activity. (wikipedia.org)
  • 12. A novel monoclonal antibody with catalytic activity against beta human chorionic gonadotropin. (nih.gov)
  • Polyclonal antibodies are consequently particularly suitable for evaluating catalytic antibody responses generated by different haptens or a group of structurally related haptens. (brighton.ac.uk)
  • Basmadjian reported that polyclonal antibodies in the sera of vaccinated mice had this effect, and Landry generated monoclonal antibodies that did so as well. (medscape.com)
  • Enzymatic degradation of cocaine by catalytic antibodies or genetically engineered enzyme treatment could supplement the beneficial blocking effects of polyclonal antibodies elicited by cocaine conjugate vaccines. (medscape.com)
  • 15. Purification of three major forms of beta-hCG from urine and production of polyclonal antibodies against them. (nih.gov)
  • Some of the key features of this work are that they have coupled a potent drug in such as way that this technology can be used to couple practically anything - for example enzymes, toxins, radio-isotope ligands and photodynamic therapy drugs,' says Mahendra Deonarain, head of the recombinant antibody therapeutics laboratory at Imperial College London, UK. (chemistryworld.com)
  • The following product was used in this experiment: Tyrosine Hydroxylase Recombinant Rabbit Monoclonal Antibody (1) from Thermo Fisher Scientific, catalog # MA5-29830, RRID AB_2785650. (thermofisher.com)
  • Western Blot using Tyrosine Hydroxylase Recombinant Rabbit Monoclonal Antibody (1) (Product # MA5-29830) at 1:500 dilution. (thermofisher.com)
  • Recombinant rabbit monoclonal antibodies are produced using in vitro expression systems. (thermofisher.com)
  • The advantages of using recombinant rabbit monoclonal antibodies include: better specificity and sensitivity, lot-to-lot consistency, animal origin-free formulations, and broader immunoreactivity to diverse targets due to larger rabbit immune repertoire. (thermofisher.com)
  • Recombinant rabbit single-chain antibodies bind to the catalytic and C-terminal domains of HIV-1 integrase protein and strongly inhibit HIV-1 replication. (nih.gov)
  • We show that vaccination of dogs with recombinant Ac-APR-1 induced antibody and cellular responses and resulted in significantly reduced hookworm burdens (p = 0.056) and fecal egg counts (p = 0.018) in vaccinated dogs compared to control dogs after challenge with infective larvae of A. caninum. (nih.gov)
  • IgG from vaccinated animals decreased the catalytic activity of the recombinant enzyme in vitro and the antibody bound in situ to the intestines of worms recovered from vaccinated dogs, implying that the vaccine interferes with the parasite's ability to digest blood. (nih.gov)
  • For this research, recombinant protein at high levels of purity, as well as information on catalytic mechanisms guided by crystal structures and selective antibodies are vital. (jove.com)
  • A crystal structure of the mouse monoclonal antibody 7A1 would help to determine the molecular basis for catalysis and provide a foundation for murine antibody humanization and mutagenesis studies to increase the catalytic proficiency for potential therapeutic use. (stanford.edu)
  • Ensure accurate, reproducible results in immunohistochemistry and western blotting experiments with Epredia™ Factor XIII A Ab-1, Mouse Monoclonal Antibody. (fishersci.com)
  • Abcam: antibodies, proteins, kits. (abcam.com)
  • To allow the simultaneous detection of marker proteins we generated monoclonal antibodies specific for the protein dyes. (nature.com)
  • Our novel antibodies represent convenient tools for the simultaneous Western blot detection of commercially available prestained marker proteins in combination with the detection of any specific protein of interest. (nature.com)
  • These proteins of interest, however, have to be visualized by specific antibodies that are coupled to fluorophores or enzymes catalyzing a chemiluminescent reaction. (nature.com)
  • Antigens, which are usually proteins or polysaccharides, stimulate the immune system to produce antibodies. (encyclopedia.com)
  • Purified proteins are used for crystallization and antibody production and employed for enzyme assays. (jove.com)
  • Immunoprecitation demonstrated that a TcPKAc monoclonal antibody was able to pull-down proteins recognized by trans-sialidase antibodies as well as a SA85-1.1 antibody and vice versa. (elsevierpure.com)
  • In addition, a phospho-(Ser/Thr) PKA substrate antibody detected bands on immunoblot analysis of trans-sialidase antibody precipitated proteins from parasite lysate and the media of L 6 E 9 myoblasts infected with trypomastigotes as well as from a SA85-1.1 antibody precipitated proteins from parasite lysate. (elsevierpure.com)
  • This protein is a tetramer comprised of two identical regulatory subunits and two identical catalytic subunits. (thermofisher.com)
  • Protein phosphatase regulatory subunits, such as SAPS1, modulate the activity of protein phosphatase catalytic subunits by restricting substrate specificity, recruiting substrates, and determining the intracellular localization of the holoenzyme. (antibodies-online.com)
  • If an antibody is developed to bind to a molecule that is structurally and electronically similar to the transition state of a given chemical reaction, the developed antibody will bind to, and stabilize, the transition state, just like a natural enzyme, lowering the activation energy of the reaction, and thus catalyzing the reaction. (wikipedia.org)
  • By raising an antibody to bind to a stable transition-state analog, a new and unique type of enzyme is produced. (wikipedia.org)
  • To this end they designed synthetic molecules that mimic the conserved structure of the metalloenzyme catalytic zinc-histidine complex that lies within the active site of each target MMP enzyme. (genengnews.com)
  • Antipeptide antibodies raised against the N-terminal and C-terminal ends of human PP2A(c) did not cross-react with N. crassa PP2A(c), indicating sequence differences outside the catalytic core of the enzyme. (ed.ac.uk)
  • After adding enzyme conjugate, it binds to the antibody-antigen complex. (rapidtest.com)
  • The enzyme conjugate catalytic reaction is stopped at a specific time. (rapidtest.com)
  • An improved ultrasensitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay using hydrangea-like antibody-enzyme-inorganic three-in-one nanocomposites. (cdc.gov)
  • The prepared antibody-enzyme-inorganic nanoflower was first applied in an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to serve as a novel enzyme-labeled antibody for Escherichia coli O157:H7 (E. coli O157:H7) determination. (cdc.gov)
  • The three-in-one antibody (anti-E. coli O157:H7 antibody)-enzyme (horseradish peroxidase)-inorganic (Cu3(PO4)2) nanoflower has some advantages over commercial enzyme-antibody conjugates. (cdc.gov)
  • The PARPSso thermoprotein from Sulfolobus solfataricus has been identified as a PARP-like enzyme that cleaves -NAD+ to synthesize oligomers of ADP-ribose and cross-reacts with polyclonal anti-PARP-1 catalytic site antibodies. (unina.it)
  • The Shanghai group has concentrated on the studies of polyclonal catalytic antibodies for electrocyclic reactions where any danger of contaminating enzymes is reduced. (brighton.ac.uk)
  • Conjugate vaccines with such haptens elicited antibodies that would, when binding to cocaine, constrain the molecule in the unstable structure, encouraging the release of the benzoyl group and essentially acting as hydrolytic enzymes. (medscape.com)
  • Second, it has fairly high capture capability and catalytic activity because it is presented as aggregates of abundant antibodies and enzymes. (cdc.gov)
  • GSTs are dimeric, mainly cytosolic, enzymes that have extensive ligand binding properties in addition to their catalytic role in detoxification. (enzolifesciences.com)
  • The fumarylacetoacetate hydrolase (FAH) 1 , 2 superfamily of enzymes describes a group of enzymes that share the highly conserved catalytic FAH domain 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 . (jove.com)
  • Despite their common catalytic center, these enzymes are multi-functional, and most are found in prokaryotes, where they are used to break down compounds retrieved from complex carbon sources 3 . (jove.com)
  • The authors' group works with sheep antibodies and has published mechanistic studies and, more recently, specificity studies that revealed the catalysis of a β-lactam. (brighton.ac.uk)
  • This antibody has specificity for Mouse TH/Tyrosine Hydroxylase. (thermofisher.com)
  • The underside of the NA head contains a highly conserved region with targets for antibodies-known as epitopes-that make it vulnerable to antibody binding and inhibition of the virus, as well as not being impacted by mutations common in drug-resistant strains. (nih.gov)
  • If an Invitrogen™ antibody doesn't perform as described on our website or datasheet,we'll replace the product at no cost to you, or provide you with a credit for a future purchase. (thermofisher.com)
  • The new technique ensures that anticancer drugs bind to the antibody at fixed sites and in defined amounts. (chemistryworld.com)
  • An aliquot of diluted stool sample is added to wells, and the H. pylori antigens, if present, bind to the antibody. (rapidtest.com)
  • Antibody CDR loop movements (up to 2.3 ) and large side-chain movements (up to 9 ) alter the antibody active site from "open" to "closed" to "open" (with the approximate size changes from 320 to 500 3) for the substrate, transition state and product states, respectively. (stanford.edu)
  • Indoleamine analogs as probes of the substrate selectivity and catalytic mechanism of serotonin N-acetyltransferase. (nih.gov)
  • From this comprehensive series of crystal structures, a catalytic mechanism has been proposed, as well as possible mutations that explore how to improve catalytic proficiency. (stanford.edu)
  • The antibody and antigen reaction is an important protective mechanism against invading foreign substances. (encyclopedia.com)
  • The possibility of catalyzing a reaction by means of an antibody which binds the transition state was first suggested by William P. Jencks in 1969. (wikipedia.org)
  • BH4 binds to the TH catalytic domain, resulting in enzymatic activity. (thermofisher.com)
  • Diluted patient serum is added to wells and the rubella IgM specific antibody, if present, binds to the antigen. (rapidtest.com)
  • Moreover, by sequentially immunizing with dye-carrier protein complexes, in which different but structurally related dyes were used, we could also generate an antibody, termed anti-RAINBOW, that cross-reacted even with structurally related dyes not used in the immunizations. (nature.com)
  • The immune system is capable of producing countless structurally different antibodies, each of which is unique to the particular antigen that is recognized as foreign by the immune system. (encyclopedia.com)
  • The team's findings are reported in a paper titled "Antibodies targeting the catalytic zinc complex of activated matrix metalloproteinases show therapeutic potential. (genengnews.com)
  • We evaluated the efficacy and selectivity of drozitumab, a death receptor DR5-targeted therapeutic antibody, in RMS preclinical models. (nih.gov)
  • Using the program Pepitope and the crystal structure of AMACR from Mycobacterium tuberculosis, we reveal for the first time, at least to the best of our knowledge, that the epitopes recognizing the antibody against AMACR are composed of conformation sequences localized inside the AMACR catalytic center. (nih.gov)
  • The expression systems are developed by cloning in the specific antibody DNA sequences from immunoreactive rabbits. (thermofisher.com)
  • Initial studies demonstrated that repeated administration of candidate Zn-tripod molecules in mice triggered the production of 'metallobody' antibodies (designated SDS3 and SDS4) that were specific to the MMP-9 surface epitopes and were similar to TIMPS. (genengnews.com)
  • Indeed, they point out, while catalytic metal-protein clefts have previously been thought to be nonimmunogenic, the reported studies suggest that immunization with a small synthetic metal-baring mimicry complex is highly effective in targeting antibodies to these epitopes. (genengnews.com)
  • The use of immunisation to generate therapeutically useful catalytic antibodies (necessarily polyclonal) in a host animal is an attractive target. (brighton.ac.uk)
  • The authors themselves have published in this area and promising recent studies come from a group working in France on immunisation to protect against nerve agents and a Texas group (based in Houston) that has demonstrated active immunisation to generate antibodies that catalyse the hydrolysis of a carbamate insecticide. (brighton.ac.uk)
  • Classical immunization methods do not generate catalytic antibodies (catabodies), but recent findings suggest that the innate antibody repertoire is a rich catabody source. (nih.gov)
  • and the genetic basis of antibody diversity (how could the genes in one individual generate antibodies for the thousands and thousands of antigens? (nih.gov)
  • As different MMPs may have a protective role in inflammatory bowel disease, targeting the active conformation of key individual MMPs by these inhibitory antibodies may prove therapeutically effective in treating inflammatory disease," they conclude. (genengnews.com)
  • The scientists introduced two new cysteine amino acid residues into their antibodies - which they call THIOMABs - and conjugated drugs to these instead of relying on amino acids that were naturally present. (chemistryworld.com)
  • In this regard, antibody-catalyzed ester hydrolysis is one of the hallmark reactions. (stanford.edu)
  • Antibodies can be engineered to bind to specific molecules or 'antigens' on the surface of cancer cells, so attached drugs can be delivered directly to tumours. (chemistryworld.com)
  • Antibodies are gamma globulins produced by B lymphocytes when antigens enter the body. (encyclopedia.com)
  • An antibody ' s mode of action varies with different types of antigens. (encyclopedia.com)
  • With its two-armed Y-shaped structure, the antibody can attack two antigens at the same time, one with each arm. (encyclopedia.com)
  • Because of its large size (it combines 5 Y-shaped units), it remains in the bloodstream, where it provides an early and diffuse protection against invading antigens, while the more specific and effective IgG antibodies are being produced by the plasma cells. (encyclopedia.com)
  • These variants are identical in their catalytic domain, but differ in their N-terminal, regulatory domains. (thermofisher.com)
  • Most significant, Potter's research was the direct basis for the creation of monoclonal antibodies, or identical copies of antibodies, considered one of the most important advances in medical research of the 20th century and the source of dozens of medical therapies used today. (nih.gov)
  • DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): We have raised murine monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) to a conserved region of the CD4 binding site of gp120 (CD4bs) that neutralize genetically diverse HIV strains. (sbir.gov)
  • In animal models, these new antibody-drug conjugates are more effective at killing cancer cells than previous generations of conjugates and, importantly, can be given at much higher doses as they are less toxic,' he says. (chemistryworld.com)
  • Although the vaccinated mice with high titers of the catalytic antibodies being reported after vaccination were not tested for in vivo behavioral outcomes of cocaine dosing, passive administration of catalytic monoclonal antibodies to rodents demonstrated sufficient enzymatic activity to block cocaine-induced reinforcement in addiction models, as well as cocaine toxicity at high doses. (medscape.com)
  • In 1994 Peter G. Schultz and Richard A. Lerner received the prestigious Wolf Prize in Chemistry for developing catalytic antibodies for many reactions and popularizing their study into a significant sub-field of enzymology. (wikipedia.org)
  • Antibodies that can catalyze a wide variety of chemical reactions. (nih.gov)
  • The scientists analyzed the structure of two of the antibodies while bound to NA using advanced microscopy techniques known as cryogenic electron microscopy. (nih.gov)
  • The calibrator and controls contain human source components which have been tested and found nonreactive for hepatitis B surface antigen as well as HIV antibody with FDA licensed reagents. (rapidtest.com)
  • The antibody and antigen reaction, together with phagocytosis, constitute the immune response (humoral immune response). (encyclopedia.com)
  • The antibodies inactivate the antigen and help to remove it from the body. (encyclopedia.com)
  • Once the immune system has created an antibody for an antigen, it retains the capability of being able to produce the specific antibodies for subsequent exposure to that antigen. (encyclopedia.com)
  • These structural differences of amino acids in each of the antibodies enable the individual antibody to recognize an antigen. (encyclopedia.com)
  • An antigen has on its surface a combining site that the antibody recognizes from the combining sites on the arms of its Y-shaped structure. (encyclopedia.com)
  • In response to the antigen that has called it forth, the antibody wraps its two combining sites like a " lock " around the " key " of the antigen combining sites to destroy it. (encyclopedia.com)
  • If the antigen is a toxin produced by pathogenic bacteria that cause an infection like diphtheria or tetanus, the binding process of the antibody will nullify the antigen ' s toxin. (encyclopedia.com)
  • What buffer format is "RPE Antibody - middle region (ARP56725_P050)" provided in? (avivasysbio.com)
  • The following product was used in this experiment: CPN1 Polyclonal Antibody from Thermo Fisher Scientific, catalog # 13385-1-AP. (thermofisher.com)
  • Evaluate patients for antibody formation if clinically indicated. (nih.gov)
  • In the 1950s, a ferment of new theoretical ideas on the cellular and genetic basis of antibody formation electrified the field of immunology and began a new age in experimentation. (nih.gov)
  • Two problems dominated the thoughts of scientists during most of this decade-the cellular basis of antibody formation (how did it work? (nih.gov)
  • When delivered into live HeLa cells using cationic lipid-based PULSin reagent, the specific antibodies against AMACR were co-localized with peroxisomes. (nih.gov)
  • Find PPP1CB Antibodies with a specific Host. (antibodies-online.com)
  • Now a team led by William Mallet and Jagath Junutula at biotechnology firm Genentech in California has found a new way to chemically bind anticancer drugs to specific sites on antibodies. (chemistryworld.com)
  • 9. Production and application of monoclonal antibody specific for human chorionic gonadotropin. (nih.gov)
  • The intensity of the color generated is proportional to the amount of IgM specific antibody in the sample. (rapidtest.com)
  • Protein kinase in cultured cells using a specific antibody. (bvsalud.org)
  • Cocaine-binding antibodies have shown some promise in neutralizing the cocaine toxicity, but they would be saturated by high concentrations of cocaine because of the 1:1 binding stoichiometry. (stanford.edu)
  • A cocaine-degrading catalytic antibody, such as 7A1, is far more effective in metabolizing the drug, since the antibody would be regenerated with each turnover 1 . (stanford.edu)
  • Figure 1 Crystal structure of the 7A1 Fab' cocaine complex with the secondary structure of the antibody light (L) and heavy (H) chains colored in cyan. (stanford.edu)
  • [ 31 ] The catalytic antibody idea is attractive in that a relatively small number of antibodies produced by a vaccine might be able to hydrolyze cocaine molecules, release the metabolites and then be available to bind more cocaine molecules. (medscape.com)
  • [ 29 ] Such monoclonal antibodies would mainly be useful in animal studies or in cases of cocaine overdose/toxcicity in humans. (medscape.com)
  • Anti-cocaine catalytic antibodies continue to be studied, [ 32 ] but no clinical trials have been initiated as yet. (medscape.com)
  • Better vaccines and/or better vaccination methods will be needed to ensure that antibody levels in most patients will be adequate to sequester commonly used doses of cocaine. (medscape.com)
  • Our study provides the first preclinical evaluation of the potency and selectivity of a death receptor antibody in rhabdomyosarcoma. (nih.gov)
  • Self-adjuvanting vaccines and/or advanced supplemental adjuvants may provide the needed enhancement of antibody production and maintenance for better responses. (medscape.com)
  • A tetramer of the influenza neuraminidase protein (shown in blue and light blue) bound by variable domains of two new human antibodies (shown purple/pink and brown/beige) targeting its "dark side. (nih.gov)
  • Some might be catalytic abs that didn't work but still bound the molecule of interest. (bio.net)
  • Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) and x-ray absorption spectral analyses along with immunioprecipitation studies confirmed that the inhibitor antibodies bound directly to the metal-protein complex on activated MMP-9. (genengnews.com)
  • X-ray crystallographic data further indicated that the variable domain (Fv) of SDS3 (from the Fab SDS3 crystal structure) was docked onto the catalytic domain of MMP-9 protein and bound directly to the catalytic zinc ion. (genengnews.com)
  • CusabioAGA2 Antibody, Biotin conjugated is Available at Gentaur Genprice with the fastest delivery.Online Order Payment is possible or send. (joplink.net)
  • Previously, scientists have attached drugs to antibodies via their constituent amino acids - usually lysines or cysteines. (chemistryworld.com)
  • Most of this work over a 10-year period was performed by using a single bleed from a single sheep, which gives an indication of the ease of production and utility of such catalytic antibodies. (brighton.ac.uk)
  • To date abzymes display only weak, modest catalytic activity and have not proved to be of any practical use. (wikipedia.org)
  • So far, all catalytic antibodies produced have displayed only modest, weak catalytic activity. (wikipedia.org)
  • The reasons for low catalytic activity for these molecules have been widely discussed. (wikipedia.org)
  • Some abzymes have been engineered to use metal ions and other cofactors to improve their catalytic activity. (wikipedia.org)
  • Based on this association between extracellular signals and intracellular protein kinase activity, we have chosen to include integrins in the 'Catalytic receptors' section of the database until more stringent criteria from NC-IUPHAR allows precise definition of their classification. (guidetopharmacology.org)
  • Because the synthetic method requires no organic solvent and because of the distinct hierarchical nanostructure, protein-inorganic nanoflowers display enhanced catalytic activity and stability and would be a promising tool in biocatalytical processes and biological and biomedical fields. (cdc.gov)
  • More importantly, caspase-8 catalytic activity was both necessary and sufficient for mediating the sensitivity to drozitumab. (nih.gov)
  • Rubella IgM is an accurate and sensitive method to detect Rubella antibody IgM isotype. (rapidtest.com)
  • The cytoplasmic region shows a tyrosine kinase and guanylyl cyclase catalytic domain. (rndsystems.com)
  • Purified antibody supplied in 1x PBS buffer with 0.09% (w/v) sodium azide and 2% sucrose. (avivasysbio.com)
  • During his nearly 60-year career at the National Institutes of Health, Potter accelerated the fields of cancer research and immunology by using plasma cells to reveal the structure, function, and genetics of disease-fighting antibodies. (nih.gov)