Antagonists adrenergic alpha 2 receptor agonists. Medical search. Frequent questions

Furthermore, it's partially adrenolytic, as it is less selective than yohimbine on the adrenergic system, partially antagonizing alpha-1- adrenoreceptors. (anabolicminds.com)
Clenbuterol is a beta-agonist, while Albuterol is a selective beta-agonist. (profhim.kz)
Potent, non-competitive and non-selective 5-HT 2 antagonist. (abcam.com)
Non-selective receptor antagonist. (abcam.com)
DESYREL (trazodone hydrochloride) tablets for oral administration contain trazodone hydrochloride, a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor and 5HT2 receptor antagonist . (rxlist.com)

The alpha 1-agonist methoxamine and the alpha 1-antagonist prazosin were injected into the DPT of freely moving, unanaesthetized cats. (nih.gov)
All effects were antagonized by the alpha 1-adrenoceptor antagonist prazosin (0.1 microM), indicating receptor-mediated effects. (aspetjournals.org)
Alpha adrenergic blockade during prazosin therapy. (ox.ac.uk)
The phenylephrine studies were repeated in seven hypertensive patients during treatment with prazosin, an alpha 1 adrenergic antagonist. (ox.ac.uk)
This indicates that small doses of prazosin (1-2 mg) cause significant in vivo shifts in the dose-response relationship of alpha adrenergic agonists. (ox.ac.uk)
These include the alpha-2 adrenergic agonists clonidine and guanfacine, the nonselective beta-adrenergic agent propranolol, and most promising prazosin, which is an alpha-1 adrenergic receptor antagonist that blocks the actions of NE on alpha-1 receptors(Petrakis, 2016). (duepapers.net)
Several randomized controlled trials have found that the alpha-1 blocker prazosin is effective in reducing symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) among active-duty soldiers(Roundup, 2017). (duepapers.net)

Two weeks later, clonidine 0.1 mg, cyproheptadine 2 mg, and clomipramine 25 mg were trialed to achieve normothermia. (shmabstracts.org)
Clonidine uniquely stimulates α 2 receptors, yet affects the heart rate which is normally affected by beta receptors. (proprofs.com)
Clonidine is able to affect the heart rate by stimulating α2 receptors instead of β receptors because it has the ability to cross the blood-brain barrier. (proprofs.com)
By binding to α2 receptors in the CNS, clonidine can modulate the release of norepinephrine, resulting in a decrease in sympathetic outflow and ultimately leading to a decrease in heart rate. (proprofs.com)
This study was designed to investigate the effects of clonidine and yohimbine, an alpha-2 ( α 2 ) adrenoceptor agonist and antagonist respectively in the tail flick and hot plate tests. (biomedcentral.com)
The aim of the experiment was to study the role of the noradrenergic receptor system in the NMRs using the receptor agonist clonidine and antagonist yohimbine in the tail flick and hot plate tests, in order to establish whether NMR can be used as animal model for noradrenergic mechanisms in thermal antinociception. (biomedcentral.com)

It is also located on the vascular smooth muscle cells of certain blood vessels, such as those found in skin arterioles or on veins, where it sits alongside the more plentiful α1-adrenergic receptor. (wikipedia.org)
It is unclear whether this is caused by structural changes in the arterial wall or by hyperresponsiveness of vascular smooth muscle to endogenous alpha adrenergic agonists. (ox.ac.uk)
Alpha-blockers antagonize alpha-1 adrenergic receptors in vascular smooth muscle, causing vasodilation and reduced peripheral vascular resistance. (pharmacologymentor.com)

Cyproheptadine and clomipramine, neuromodulatory regulators that act as serotonin-2A and histamine receptor antagonists, were effective in restoring normothermia in our patient (2). (shmabstracts.org)

Cirazoline is a full agonist at the α 1A adrenergic receptor , a partial agonist at both the α 1B and α 1D adrenergic receptors, [1] and a nonselective antagonist to the α 2 adrenergic receptor . (wikipedia.org)
Studies suggest that inhibition of COX-2, which occurs with both nonselective COX inhibitors and coxibs, has a prothrombotic effect that can increase risk of myocardial infarction, stroke, and claudication. (merckmanuals.com)

Drugs such as adrenoceptor agonists, muscarinic agonists, nitrates, and calcium channel blockers all affect smooth muscle. (britannica.com)
Beta-blockers and alpha-adrenergic agonists impair thermoregulatory processes and should be modified (1). (shmabstracts.org)
This chapter discusses two groups of drugs that affect the sympathetic nervous system-adrenergic agonists, or sympathomimetics , and adrenergic antagonists, also called adrenergic blockers or sympatholytics -along with their dosages and uses. (basicmedicalkey.com)
In the United Kingdom, the June 2006 "Hypertension: management of hypertension in adults in primary care" [6] guideline of the National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence , downgraded the role of beta-blockers due to their risk of provoking type 2 diabetes . (wikidoc.org)
Despite lowering blood pressure, alpha blockers have significantly poorer endpoint outcomes than other antihypertensives, and are no longer recommended as a first-line choice in the treatment of hypertension. (wikidoc.org)
Beta-blockers inhibit the action of epinephrine and norepinephrine on beta-adrenergic receptors , decreasing heart rate and cardiac output. (pharmacologymentor.com)

The α2-adrenergic receptor binds both norepinephrine released by sympathetic postganglionic fibers and epinephrine (adrenaline) released by the adrenal medulla, binding norepinephrine with slightly higher affinity. (wikipedia.org)
Because it crosses the blood-brain barrier so that the the alpha receptors it binds are ones in the CNS instead of on the effector organ. (proprofs.com)
This means that the alpha receptors it binds to are located in the central nervous system (CNS) rather than on the effector organ, which in this case is the heart. (proprofs.com)

After 21 days of yohimbine supplementation, placebo remained unchanged but the yohimbine group lost about 2% bodyfat, taking them all the way to 7% BF. (anabolicminds.com)
3 weeks of Yohimbine supplementation caused a 2% reduction in bodyfat from an already shredded baseline of 9% BF, all the while preserving muscle mass and strength/endurance. (anabolicminds.com)
Yohimbine possess extreme affinity for the alpha-2-adrenoreceptor, but due to receptor homology with various 5-HT receptors, yohimbine HCl is highly anxiogenic and is clinically used to model panic disorder. (anabolicminds.com)
And then we have the various yohimbe alkaloids like 11-OH yohimbine, that are alpha-2-antagonists (not to be confused with a broad-spectrum extract of alkaloids). (anabolicminds.com)
2. The recommended dose for yohimbine is 0.2mg/kg BW in isolation. (anabolicminds.com)
The stimulating effect of NE on the TRH secretion was abolished by icv antagonist of adrenergic alpha2-receptor, yohimbine (40 nmol/L). (nel.edu)

on the other it acts as an agonist and reduces the electrically evoked overflow of tritium. (unesp.br)
Agmatine acts as an agonist at imidazoline and alpha-2-adrenergic receptors, also modulating NMDA receptor activity. (psicothema.com)

It has been widely established that dopamine and its agonists play an important role in cardiovascular, renal, hormonal, and central nervous system regulation through stimulation of alpha and beta adrenergic and dopaminergic receptors. (biopsychiatry.com)
This phase 2b, international, randomized trial aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of ecopipam, which selectively blocks dopamine receptor D1, for reducing tics in pediatric Tourette syndrome patients. (2minutemedicine.com)
Only dopamine can activate these receptors. (basicmedicalkey.com)
What does activation of Dopamine D1 receptors do? (brainscape.com)

Catecholamines like norepinephrine (noradrenaline) and epinephrine (adrenaline) signal through the α2-adrenergic receptor in the central and peripheral nervous systems. (wikipedia.org)
Specific antagonists and agonists of alpha(2)-adrenoceptors were employed for the characterization of alpha(2)-adrenoceptors involved in the autoregulation of depolarization-evoked release of norepinephrine in the pig pineal. (nel.edu)
Epinephrine, Norepinephrine, and Phenylephrine select α1 receptors agonistically. (proprofs.com)
Drugs that stimulate the sympathetic nervous system are called adrenergic agonists, adrenergics, or sympathomimetics because they mimic the sympathetic neurotransmitters norepinephrine and epinephrine. (basicmedicalkey.com)
The adrenergic beta-2 receptors are more sensitive to EPINEPHRINE than to NOREPINEPHRINE and have a high affinity for the agonist TERBUTALINE. (lookformedical.com)

The alpha-2 (α2) adrenergic receptor (or adrenoceptor) is a G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) associated with the Gi heterotrimeric G-protein. (wikipedia.org)
1,4,5-IP3 (significant at 10 microM) and both IP4 isomers (significant at 1 microM) increased after alpha-adrenoceptor stimulation, whereas 1,3,4,5,6-IP5 and IP6 remained unaffected. (aspetjournals.org)
For comparison, the effects of the beta-adrenoceptor agonist isoprenaline were studied. (aspetjournals.org)
Increased inositol polyphosphate turnover may be involved in the mechanism(s) whereby alpha 1-adrenoceptor stimulation produces an increase in myocardial force of contraction. (aspetjournals.org)

The effectiveness of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) and angiotensin II receptor blocker AT-1 (ARBs) in reducing the systemic hypertension (SH) is widely known. (intechopen.com)

Agonists 4-NEMD 7-Me-marsanidine (also I1 agonist) Agmatine (also I agonist, NMDA, 5-HT3, nicotinic antagonist and NOS inhibitor) Apraclonidine Brimonidine Cannabigerol (also acts as a moderate affinity 5-HT1A receptor antagonist, and low affinity CB1 receptor antagonist). (wikipedia.org)
Time-dependent changes in the affinity of the receptor for agonists. (aspetjournals.org)

Rauwolscine lacks significant activity at the 5HT receptors, but it has its own issues. (anabolicminds.com)

Using the dorsal hand vein compliance technique we compared the changes in diameter of superficial veins in response to phenylephrine, an alpha 1 adrenergic receptor agonist, and to nitroglycerin, a venorelaxant, in patients with essential hypertension and in normotensive subjects. (ox.ac.uk)
In the MIRA-2 and MIRA-3 trials, a total of 553 subjects aged 12 to 80 years, who had mydriasis induced by instillation of phenylephrine or tropicamide or a combination of hydroxyamphetamine hydrobromide and tropicamide (Paremyd) were randomized. (ocuphire.com)

Central adrenergic system may play a stimulating role through alpha2-receptor in the acute hypoxia-modulating TRH release from rat hypothalamus. (nel.edu)

These effects are largely mediated through two members of the G-protein coupled receptor family, cannabinoid receptors 1 and 2 (CB1 and CB2)[A32585,A32824]. (rcsb.org)
A family of serine-threonine kinases that are specific for G-PROTEIN-COUPLED RECEPTORS. (lookformedical.com)
They are regulatory proteins that play a role in G-protein-coupled receptor densensitization. (lookformedical.com)
A ubiquitously expressed G-protein-coupled receptor kinase subtype that has specificity for the agonist-occupied form of BETA-ADRENERGIC RECEPTORS and a variety of other G-PROTEIN-COUPLED RECEPTORS. (lookformedical.com)
Although it is highly homologous to G-PROTEIN-COUPLED RECEPTOR KINASE 2, it is not considered to play an essential role in regulating myocardial contractile response. (lookformedical.com)
A family of G-protein-coupled receptors that was originally identified by its ability to bind N-formyl peptides such as N-FORMYLMETHIONINE LEUCYL-PHENYLALANINE. (lookformedical.com)
A G-protein-coupled receptor kinase subtype that is primarily expressed in the MYOCARDIUM and may play a role in the regulation of cardiac functions. (lookformedical.com)

Other short-acting sympathomimetic aerosol bronchodilators and adrenergic drugs: May potentiate effect. (nih.gov)

Ocuphire Pharma and Viatris Announce FDA Approval of RYZUMVI™ (Phentolamine Ophthalmic Solution) 0.75% Eye Drops for the Treatment of Pharmacologically-Induced Mydriasis Produced by Adrenergic Agonists (e.g. (ocuphire.com)
In the U.S., an estimated 100 million comprehensive eye exams take place each year that involve pharmacologically-induced mydriasis (or dilation) of the pupils 1 , which can last up 24 hours 2 . (ocuphire.com)
Side effects of pharmacologically-induced mydriasis include sensitivity to light (photophobia) 2 and blurred vision 2 , which may make it difficult to read, work and drive. (ocuphire.com)
Pharmacologically-induced mydriasis can last up to 24 hours in adults and children 2 . (ocuphire.com)

Agonists (activators) of the α2-adrenergic receptor are frequently used in anaesthesia where they affect sedation, muscle relaxation and analgesia through effects on the central nervous system (CNS). (wikipedia.org)

The aim of the study was to ascertain whether rilmenidine, a second generation imidazoline-alpha-2-adrenoreceptor agonist, is able to increase analgesic effects of ibuprofen in the writhing test in mice. (nel.edu)

CB1 receptors are found in both the central and peripheral nervous systems, with the majority of receptors localized to the hippocampus and amygdala of the brain. (rcsb.org)

Which G protein are alpha1 receptors coupled with? (brainscape.com)
When alpha1 receptors are activated what happens? (brainscape.com)

These results show no evidence for a generalized change in alpha adrenergic responsiveness in hypertension and support the concept that increased blood pressure responses to alpha adrenergic stimulation in hypertensives are due to structural and geometric changes in the arterial wall rather than to an increased responsiveness of postsynaptic alpha adrenergic receptors. (ox.ac.uk)

In previous studies we investigated the role of beta- and alpha 2-adrenergic receptors through local microinjections of various drugs into the dorsal pontine tegmentum (DPT) of the cat. (nih.gov)
Some drugs for the treatment of asthma block the binding of leukotrienes to their receptor. (britannica.com)
Because this mechanism is relatively insensitive to drug action, the most important group of drugs that affect the neuromuscular junction act on (1) acetylcholine release, (2) acetylcholine receptors, or (3) the enzyme acetylcholinesterase (which normally inactivates acetylcholine to terminate muscle fibre contraction). (britannica.com)
Neuromuscular blocking drugs act on acetylcholine receptors and fall into two distinct groups: nondepolarizing (competitive) and depolarizing blocking agents. (britannica.com)
Competitive neuromuscular blocking drugs act as antagonists at acetylcholine receptors, reducing the effectiveness of acetylcholine in generating an end-plate potential . (britannica.com)
2] Half of deaths due to drug overdose (22,000 per year) are related to prescription drugs, according to a report on the leading cause of deaths from injury in the United States. (medscape.com)
Kratom and tamsulosin are considered antagonist drugs. (kratom.org)
Which drugs select α 1 receptors and indicate whether agonistically or antagonistically. (proprofs.com)
These drugs bind to α1 receptors and activate them, leading to vasoconstriction and increased blood pressure. (proprofs.com)
Ephedrine and Pseudo-Ephedrine are referred to as mixed acting drugs because they exhibit both antagonistic and stimulatory effects on their receptor simultaneously. (proprofs.com)
This dual action of the drugs on the receptor is what classifies them as mixed acting drugs. (proprofs.com)
Conversely, inhibition of PVA neuronal activity using DREADDs (designer receptors exclusively activated by designer drugs) or inactivation of PVA extracellular signal-regulated kinase at the critical time window blunted mechanical hyperalgesia in chronic pain models. (iasp-pain.org)

What does receptor selectivity allow for? (brainscape.com)

Existence and alpha 1-adrenergic stimulation of inositol polyphosphates in mammalian heart. (aspetjournals.org)
[4] [5] However, in preliminary studies, through stimulation of α 2 adrenoceptors, working memory is comparatively improved. (wikipedia.org)
Stimulation of the beta 1 receptors increases myocardial contractility and heart rate. (basicmedicalkey.com)

The contractile mechanism of skeletal muscles entails the binding of acetylcholine to nicotinic receptors on the membranes of muscle fibres. (britannica.com)

The α2A-adrenergic agonist, guanfacine, is now used to treat prefrontal cortical cognitive disorders such as Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder. (wikipedia.org)

Due to these unique characteristics, researchers have been bio prospecting NMRs as research animal models for nociception with the aim to further understand mechanisms involved in various biological diseases affecting humans [ 2 , 3 , 5 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

What this means is that Clen will stimulate both the beta- and alpha-adrenergic receptors. (profhim.kz)
This means that while they bind to the receptor in an antagonistic manner, they also stimulate the receptor at the same time. (proprofs.com)

Clenbuterol, a muscle anabolic beta 2-adrenergic agonist, has reduced or restored skeletal muscle losses in experimental catabolic states. (profhim.kz)

In the brain, α2-adrenergic receptors can be localized either pre- or post-synaptically, and the majority of receptors appear to be post-synaptic. (wikipedia.org)

Oral or intravenous calcium antagonists may cause atrioventricular conduction disturbances, left ventricular failure, and hypotension. (nih.gov)
Intravenous (IV) adrenergic agonists and antagonists are high-alert medications because they can cause significant harm to a patient in the event of a medication error. (basicmedicalkey.com)

From a therapeutic point of view, the above-mentioned agonists are used for treating Parkinson's disease, acting over DA 2 dopaminergic receptors of the nigrostriatal system. (biopsychiatry.com)
Bromocriptine and the other dopaminergic agonists mentioned act over DA 2 receptors of the tuberoinfundibular system, inhibiting prolactin release and decreasing hyperprolactinemia and tumor size. (biopsychiatry.com)
Other adrenergic receptors are dopaminergic and are located in the renal, mesenteric, coronary, and cerebral arteries. (basicmedicalkey.com)

Alternatively, one can admit that CEC is able to inhibit alpha-2 autoreceptors, which causes an increase of the transmitter release, and to activate a nonadrenergic inhibitory receptor thus causing a reduction of the transmitter release. (unesp.br)
This means that they block or inhibit the activity of the α1 receptors. (proprofs.com)

Cannabis contains more than 400 different chemical compounds, of which 61 are considered cannabinoids, a class of compounds that act upon endogenous cannabinoid receptors of the body [A32584]. (rcsb.org)

Tissue heterogeneity of calcium channel antagonist binding sites labeled by [3H]nitrendipine. (aspetjournals.org)
Digitalis and calcium antagonists may have additive effects in prolonging atrioventricular conduction time. (nih.gov)

The dorsal hand vein compliance technique is useful in detecting systemic effects of alpha adrenergic antagonists. (ox.ac.uk)

Cannabinoid receptors are utilized endogenously by the body through the endocannabinoid system, which includes a group of lipid proteins, enzymes, and receptors that are involved in many physiological processes. (rcsb.org)
Regulatory proteins that down-regulate phosphorylated G-protein membrane receptors, including rod and cone photoreceptors and adrenergic receptors. (lookformedical.com)

Current treatment centers on alpha-adrenergic agonists, antipsychotics, and nonpharmacologic interventions, including behavioral therapy. (2minutemedicine.com)

Noradrenaline is involved in the regulation of the sleep/waking cycle by acting through various receptor types. (nih.gov)
Physiological effects of using cannabis make sense in the context of its receptor activity as the hippocampus and amygdala are primarily involved with regulation of memory, fear, and emotion. (rcsb.org)
In addition, science higher blood pressure also results into the devastation of coronary arteries, kidneys, brain and eyes.2 and 3 Target identification events have confirmed the cardinal role in regulation of a variety of physiological events, markedly within the cardiovascular system. (peptidecost.com)
What is the effect of receptor regulation? (brainscape.com)
What is an example of receptor regulation? (brainscape.com)

Leri, F., Flores, J., Rodaros, D., & Stewart, J. (2002) Blockade of stress-induced but not cocaine-induced reinstatement by infusion of noradrenergic antagonists into the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis or the central nucleus of the amygdala. (concordia.ca)

It has several general functions in common with the α1-adrenergic receptor, but also has specific effects of its own. (wikipedia.org)
While both CBD and THC are used for medicinal purposes, they have different receptor activity, function, and physiological effects. (rcsb.org)
The primary psychoactive component of Cannabis, delta 9-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ9-THC), demonstrates its effects through weak partial agonist activity at Cannabinoid-1 (CB1R) and Cannabinoid-2 (CB2R) receptors. (rcsb.org)
Kratom and tamsulosin are antagonists -meaning kratom can hinder tamsulosin's effects and reduce its effectiveness. (kratom.org)
Thus, because kratom and tamsulosin have opposite effects mediated by the alpha-adrenergic receptors, they will become ineffective if combined. (kratom.org)
2. Ecopipam use was not associated with movement disorder side effects or metabolic side effects, such as weight gain, during the study period. (2minutemedicine.com)
FIG. 15.1 Effects of activation of alpha 1 , alpha 2 , beta 1 , and beta 2 receptors. (basicmedicalkey.com)
Since the tail-flick and hot plate tests mediate the effects at spinal and supraspinal levels respectively, the present study indicates the presence and involvement of noradrenergic receptors in thermal antinociception at spinal and supraspinal levels of the NMR, similar to what has been found in other mammals. (biomedcentral.com)

Receptor interactions of imidazolines. (wikipedia.org)

If you combine any of these alpha 2 antagonists with caffeine or beta-agonists (aka synergists), the necessary dose decreases quite a bit. (anabolicminds.com)
This means caffeine, exercise, forskolin, and beta-agonists all work exceptionally well with alpha-2 antagonists. (anabolicminds.com)
Agonist-induced changes in the properties of beta-adrenergic receptors on intact S49 lymphoma cells. (aspetjournals.org)
How exactly does clen compare to albuterol, both being a beta 2 receptor antagonist. (profhim.kz)
Albuterol sulfate (also referred to as salbutamol), is a beta-2 adrenergic agonist, like clenbuterol. (profhim.kz)
Why can this drug affect the heart rate by affecting alpha instead of beta receptors? (proprofs.com)
In this case, positive inotropes (dobutamine 1-5 mcg/kg/min IV - an agonist of beta-adrenergic receptors) and diuretics are administered depending on the cardiomyopathy. (vin.com)
The four main receptors are alpha 1 , alpha 2 , beta 1 , and beta 2 , which mediate the major responses described in Table 15.1 and illustrated in Fig. 15.1 . (basicmedicalkey.com)
The beta 1 receptors are located primarily in the heart but are also found in the kidney. (basicmedicalkey.com)
The beta 2 receptors are found mostly in the smooth muscles of the lung and GI tract, the liver, and the uterine muscle. (basicmedicalkey.com)
When beta receptors are activated what happens? (brainscape.com)
A subclass of beta-adrenergic receptors (RECEPTORS, ADRENERGIC, BETA). (lookformedical.com)

The alpha-adrenergic receptors are located in the blood vessels, eyes, bladder, and prostate. (basicmedicalkey.com)
Sympathetic innervation patterns in 2 blood vessels of rabbit. (comprehensivephysiology.com)

To date, a number of adrenergic agents have been tested for their efficacy in treating PTSD. (duepapers.net)

Activation of these receptors decreases peripheral resistance, inducing lowering of arterial blood pressure and increases in heart rate, sympathetic tone, and activity of the renin aldosterone system. (biopsychiatry.com)
In contrast, CB2 receptors are mainly found peripherally in immune cells, lymphoid tissue, and peripheral nerve terminals [A32676]. (rcsb.org)

The alpha 2 receptors are located in the postganglionic sympathetic nerve endings. (basicmedicalkey.com)

[2] This is based on a slightly better outcome for chlortalidone in the ALLHAT study versus other anti-hypertensives and because thiazide diuretics are relatively cheap. (wikidoc.org)

The alpha-2 receptor is an autoreceptor, meaning it is located NOT on the postsynaptic neuron chiefly, but on the pre-synaptic neuron. (anabolicminds.com)

Partial D2 agonist. (abcam.com)

When these receptors are stimulated, the vessels dilate and blood flow increases. (basicmedicalkey.com)

Tamsulosin is an alpha-adrenergic blocker used to treat benign prostatic hyperplasia and ureteric stones. (kratom.org)

Anatomy5

Organisms6

Diseases1

Chemicals and Drugs138

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment6

Psychiatry and Psychology2

Phenomena and Processes12

Information Science1

Selective5

Prazosin7

Clonidine6

Vascular smooth3

Histamine1

Nonselective2

Blockers6

Binds3

Yohimbine6

Acts as an agonist2

Dopamine4

Norepinephrine5

Adrenoceptor4

Inhibitors1

Affinity2

Activity at the 5HT1

Phenylephrine2

Alpha2-receptor1

Protein-coupled7

Sympathomimetic1

Pharmacologically-induced mydriasis4

Activators1

Analgesic effects1

Central and peripheral nervous systems1

Alpha1 receptors2

Hypertension1

Drugs12

Selectivity1

Stimulation3

Nicotinic receptors1

Guanfacine1

Mechanisms1

Stimulate2

Skeletal1

Majority of receptors1

Intravenous2

Dopaminergic3

Inhibit2

Endogenous1

Calcium2

Systemic effects1

Proteins2

Antipsychotics1

Regulation5

Blockade1

Effects8

Interactions1

Beta12

Blood vessels2

Efficacy1

Peripheral2

Sympathetic1

Diuretics1

Postsynaptic1

Partial1

Increases1

Benign prostatic h1