• a named group of organisms such as phylum Chordata or order Rodentia. (edrawmind.com)
  • The chronogram now includes 40% of known species and all but two monotypic genera, and is one of the best sampled angiosperm family phylogenies both in terms of taxon sampling and resolution published thus far. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Our phylogenomic analysis provides significant support for the paraphyly of the traditional taxon Zygomycota, and contradicts a recent proposal to include Mortierella in a phylum Mucoromycotina. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The consensus is that D. ciliiferus could be described within the Class Lecanoromycetes but the Phylum is currently Fungi incertae sedis, i.e. uncertain placement. (wikipedia.org)
  • Fungi are separated into phyla on the basis of their reproductive structures. (cliffsnotes.com)
  • Within the modern fungi, the chytrids are the oldest of the group with the ascomycetes and basidiomyctes closely related and on a different, more recent line from the zygomycetes. (cliffsnotes.com)
  • Fungi, once considered plant-like organisms, are more closely related to animals than plants. (edu.vn)
  • A phylum of fungi which have cross-walls or septa in the mycelium. (lookformedical.com)
  • Most pathogenic fungi with a known perfect state belong to this phylum. (lookformedical.com)
  • These taxonomic ranks are upheld by International Codes of Nomenclature, which ensure their universal application to all living organisms, encompassing plant phyla, animal phyla, fungal phyla, protist phyla, and bacterial phyla. (microbiologynote.com)
  • Internal transcriber spacer (ITS) sequences and several chloroplast markers, rpoB , rpoC1 , and psbA-trnH were sequenced in order to infer a preliminary phylogeny of the genus. (bioone.org)
  • Within the taxonomic realm of Kingdom Monera, encompassing both Eubacteria and Archaea, the classification system delineates a significant diversity of phyla. (microbiologynote.com)
  • Despite a wealth of phylogenetic work on individual clades and a deep knowledge of particular cultivated species such as tomato and potato, a robust evolutionary framework with a dated molecular phylogeny for the family is still lacking. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In modern phylogenetics, which is the study of evolutionary relationships, a range of morphological, genetic, and molecular traits are examined to elucidate the evolutionary links between different phyla. (microbiologynote.com)
  • The resulting hypotheses regarding phylum relationships are often graphically represented as cladograms, visual representations that showcase these evolutionary connections. (microbiologynote.com)
  • The most parsimonious cladogram, the one with the fewest inferred evolutionary changes, is typically accepted as the most plausible representation of the relationships between different phyla. (microbiologynote.com)
  • A phylum is a high-level taxonomic rank in biology, ranking below kingdom and above class, used to categorize and group organisms with shared fundamental characteristics and evolutionary relationships. (microbiologynote.com)
  • We assessed changes in phylogenetic diversity of angiosperm flora on six oceanic islands located in the southeastern Pacific Ocean, by comparing flora from two periods: the pre-European colonization of islands and current times. (pucv.cl)
  • We hypothesize that, in the time between these periods, extinction of local plant species and addition of exotic plants modified phylogenetic-α-diversity at different levels (deeper and terminal phylogeny) and increased phylo-β-diversity among islands. (pucv.cl)
  • We did not observe significant variation of mean phylogenetic distance (MPD), a measure of the 'deeper' phylogenetic diversity of assemblages (e.g., orders, families), suggesting that neither extinctions nor introductions altered phylogenetic structure of the angiosperms of these islands. (pucv.cl)
  • In regard to phylo-β-diversity, we detected temporal turnover (variation in phylogenetic composition) between periods to flora (0.38 ± 0.11). (pucv.cl)
  • These results indicate that introduction of exotic angiosperms has contributed more notably than extinctions to the configuration of plant assemblages and phylogenetic diversity on the studied islands. (pucv.cl)
  • Because phylogenetic diversity is closely related to functional diversity (species trait variations and roles performed by organisms), our results suggests that the introduction of exotic plants to these islands could have detrimental impacts for ecosystem functions and ecosystem services that islands provide (e.g. productivity). (pucv.cl)
  • Castro, Sergio A. / Invasions but not extinctions change phylogenetic diversity of angiosperm assemblage on southeastern Pacific Oceanic islands . (pucv.cl)
  • We further question the introduction of separate phyla for Glomeromycota and Blastocladiomycota, whose phylogenetic positions relative to other phyla remain unresolved even with genome-level datasets. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The classification of bacteria , including the archaea, into phyla is somewhat less established due to the complexities of bacterial diversity and the ongoing refinement of bacterial taxonomy . (microbiologynote.com)
  • Notably, Eubacteria consists of an extensive array of approximately 29 phyla, while Archaea comprises a more limited set of 5 phyla. (microbiologynote.com)
  • Yet, published phylogenies with up to five genes are without compelling statistical support, and genome-level data should be used to resolve this question with confidence. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Our results motivate broad sampling of additional genome sequences from these phyla. (biomedcentral.com)
  • A comparison with the genome of the closely related Olive tree indicated that their self-incompatibility systems were homologous. (peercommunityin.org)
  • Despite extinction of 18 native angiosperm species, an increase in species richness and phylo-α-diversity was observed for all islands studied, attributed to introduction of exotic plants (between 6 to 477 species per island). (pucv.cl)
  • We found that SPX harboring proteins showed fluctuations in domain fusions from algae to the angiosperms with, finally, four classes appearing and being retained in the land plants. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Based on a single ancestral gene in the last common ancestor of all land plants, paralogs were acquired and retained through paleopolyploidization events, resulting in six to eight genes in angiosperms. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Liverworts (Marchantiophyta) may be viewed as the plants most closely related to the ancestor that moved to land. (umn.edu)
  • The natural hosts of Caulimoviridae species belong to the Kingdom Plantae (Angiosperms of Dicotyledonae and Monocotyledonae classes). (gydb.org)
  • WebThus, it is suggested here that the multitude of resources available on the terminal branches of the newly evolved angiosperm, rain forest trees led to the morphological adaptations of 35 - Based on genetic analysis of living primates calibrated by the fossil record, it is estimated that apes and Old World monkeys diverged into separate lineages around: 36 - Which fossil group is characterized by an eye orbit fully enclosed by bone? (founderops.com)
  • In the realm of biology, a phylum, pronounced as /ˈfaɪləm/ (plural: phyla), is a fundamental level of taxonomic classification situated below the designation of a kingdom and above that of a class. (microbiologynote.com)
  • This hierarchical classification places the phylum as the third level in the taxonomic hierarchy, following the domain and kingdom. (microbiologynote.com)
  • Within the animal kingdom, there are approximately 35 recognized phyla, while the plant kingdom comprises roughly 12 phyla, and the fungal kingdom includes around 7 phyla. (microbiologynote.com)
  • In the context of biology, the definition of a phylum is "a taxonomic rank above class and below kingdom. (microbiologynote.com)
  • Many consider Oomycetes (Oomycota) a phylum in the kingdom Stramenopila, or alternatively, as Pseudofungi in the phylum Heterokonta of the kingdom Chromista. (lookformedical.com)
  • Gymnosperms were the dominant phylum in Mesozoic era. (openstax.org)
  • The plural form of "phylum" is "phyla," and it is crucial to note that the plural form "phylums" does not exist in scientific terminology. (microbiologynote.com)
  • We analyzed SPX gene family evolution in legumes and in a number of key species from algae to angiosperms. (biomedcentral.com)
  • 9. According to Darwin, the organic evolution is due to (a) competition within closely related species (b) reduced feeding efficiency in one species due to the presence of interfering species (c) intraspecific competition (d) interspecific competition. (recruitmenttopper.com)
  • It also considers evolution of angiosperms from a single source and the sequence of orders and families show parallel evolution . (wikidoc.org)
  • Then, we studied change in the phylo-α-diversity and phylo-β-diversity (1 -Phylosor) by comparing pre-European and current times. (pucv.cl)
  • In summary, a phylum in biology represents a vital level of classification that facilitates the systematic organization of diverse organisms based on shared characteristics. (microbiologynote.com)
  • Due to a lack of diagnostic features which would ally the species with liverworts or alga, D. ciliiferus was determined to be most closely affiliated with lichens. (wikipedia.org)
  • The subunits of colonial organisms can be unicellular, as in the alga Volvox (a coenobium), or multicellular, as in the phylum Bryozoa. (eol.org)
  • The morphometric data confirmed the molecular results and supported the inclusion of S. bicolor into S. phylicifolia s.l., whereas the alpine endemic S. hegetschweileri is distinct and closely related to species of the section Nigricantes. (bvsalud.org)
  • Organisms classified within a specific phylum share a constellation of defining characteristics that serve to distinguish them from organisms classified under distinct phyla. (microbiologynote.com)
  • The term "phylum" was first coined by Ernst Haeckel in 1866, deriving its origin from the Greek word "phylon," signifying a distinct race or tribe characterized by specific features. (microbiologynote.com)
  • For example, the boundaries between closely related species become unclear with hybridisation , in a species complex of hundreds of similar microspecies , and in a ring species . (atozwiki.com)
  • In botanical contexts, the term 'division' has traditionally been employed in lieu of 'phylum. (microbiologynote.com)
  • It has been suggested that the traditionally accepted cpDNA barcodes own limited resolution in delimitating closely related species due to the insufficient informative variations [ 8 , 9 , 10 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • These features of embryology are so exceptional in angiosperms that Van Tieghem (1896) treated loranths and related groups as a subclass of the angiosperms with rank equivalent to the monocotyledons and dicotyledons. (cybertaxonomy.org)
  • It contains a single species, D. ciliiferus, and while it is considered to be most closely related to Parmeliaceae, a monogeneric family Daohugouthallaceae has been proposed. (wikipedia.org)
  • Our large time-calibrated phylogeny provides a significant step towards completing a fully sampled species-level phylogeny for Solanaceae, and provides age estimates for the whole family. (biomedcentral.com)
  • A central problem has been the lack of a robust, densely sampled, dated molecular phylogeny for the entire family. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Solanaceae are a particularly interesting angiosperm family, not only because they include many major crop species (e.g., potato - Solanum tuberosum , tomato - S. lycopersicum , eggplant - S. melongena , sweet and chili peppers - Capsicum spp. (biomedcentral.com)
  • It is a group of closely related classes. (bankofbiology.com)
  • The criteria used to group animals within a phylum have evolved over time, as advancements in scientific methodology have enabled a more precise understanding of the relationships among various animal groups. (microbiologynote.com)
  • a taxonomic group of a closely related species. (edrawmind.com)
  • Leaf water potential (Ψ l ) and branch sap flow closely followed diurnal patterns of solar radiation throughout each tree crown. (nau.edu)
  • In cases where these groups are polyphyletic, meaning they do not share a recent common ancestor, the phylum may be subdivided. (microbiologynote.com)
  • Appendix II lists species that are not necessarily now threatened with extinction but that may become so unless trade is closely controlled. (eol.org)
  • While some botanists prefer to employ the term "division" in place of "phylum," both terms are deemed acceptable in accordance with the International Code for Plant Nomenclature. (microbiologynote.com)
  • This phylum includes obligate intracellular parasites, such as Chlamydia trachomatis, responsible for various human infections, including sexually transmitted diseases. (microbiologynote.com)
  • Furthermore, instances arise where two seemingly disparate phyla are discovered to be closely related, leading to their consolidation within a single phylum. (microbiologynote.com)
  • Our densely-sampled phylogeny shows strong support for all previously identified clades of Solanaceae and strongly supported relationships between the major clades, particularly within Solanum . (biomedcentral.com)
  • It's important to monitor blood sugar levels closely and consult a healthcare provider if needed. (intactone.com)
  • The angiosperm radiation hypothesis proposes that: - Q/A (Question and Answer) Sara Graham Test Answer Answer: certain primate traits were responses to the acquisition of fruit during the Cenozoic. (founderops.com)
  • Bees are winged insects closely related to wasps and ants , known for their roles in pollination and, in the case of the best-known bee species, the western honey bee , for producing honey . (wikipedia.org)
  • Steelhead Steelhead is a type of anadromous fish, closely related to rainbow trout. (intactone.com)