TransportersSuperoxide anionHuman organic anion transporterChromatographyOrganic anionsCation and anionInorganic anionChlorideCationsUptakeInteractionExchangersIntracellularMultispecificMembraneSubstrate transportDetectionChemistrySolventsAqueous solutionTetrahedralMetabolic acidosisEpithelialFluorideReactivityVariabilityComplexesIntrinsicMechanismsRenalPlanarResiduesStructuresHydrogenHumansCompoundsElectrostaticSpectraSpeciesIonicMiceExchangeRemovalRadical
Transporters2
- The renal organic anion transporters OAT1, OAT3, OATP4C1, MDR1, MRP2, MRP4 and URAT1 are expressed in the S2 segment of the proximal convoluted tubules of the kidneys. (wikipedia.org)
- The flavonolignans are inhibitors of the organic anion transporting polypeptide (OATP) uptake transporters at low micromolar concentrations. (nih.gov)
Superoxide anion6
- This pathological state, called oxidative stress, results from the aerobic condition of human organism when OH radical, hydrogen peroxide, superoxide anion, or peroxynitrite is produced in excess. (hindawi.com)
- Superoxide anion is one of the most important and biologically relevant ROS radicals in living organisms. (hindawi.com)
- It can react with another superoxide anion to give hydrogen peroxide or with nitric oxide to form a very potent oxidant, peroxynitrite. (hindawi.com)
- Superoxide anion is also produced by an enzyme, NADPH, in phagocytes to kill invading pathogens. (hindawi.com)
- Importantly, the underlying mechanism was found to be caused by the ability of zinc to generate intracellular superoxide anion. (biomedcentral.com)
- Zinc was shown to induce cellular superoxide anion generation and the up-regulation of EMT markers and the induced cell migration and invasion in zinc-treated cells could be attenuated by the treatment of MnTBAP, a specific superoxide anion inhibitor. (biomedcentral.com)
Human organic anion transporter2
- The purpose of this study was to investigate the characteristics of ochratoxin A (OTA) transport by multispecific human organic anion transporter 4 (hOAT4) using mouse proximal tubule cells stably transfected with hOAT4 (S(2) hOAT4). (nih.gov)
- A three-dimensional model of human organic anion transporter 1: aromatic amino acids required for substrate transport. (nih.gov)
Chromatography4
- This problem has been overcome by the introduction of high pH anion exchange chromatography (HPAEC) with pulsed electrochemical detection (PED) which separates oligosaccharides as their oxyanions on micropellicular quaternary ammonium resins [1-10]. (strath.ac.uk)
- In this work, lipophilicities of a wide range of urea-, carbazole- and indolocarbazole-based anion receptor molecules (some newly synthesized) and two common plasticizers were determined using a chromatography-based approach and/or the COSMO-RS method. (abo.fi)
- Amino compounds were extracted and analyzed by anion chromatography and pulsed amperometric detection 4, 8, and 16 wk after manure application. (usda.gov)
- ISO 20702:2017 specifies the ion chromatography method for the determination of microamounts of water soluble inorganic anions, such as fluoride (F − ), chloride (Cl − ), bromide (Br − ), iodide (I − ), nitrite (NO 2 − ) and thiocyanate (SCN − ), in fertilizers. (iso.org)
Organic anions10
- It is generally accepted that rOatps, such as rOatp1 ( Oatp1a1 ), rOatp2 ( Oatp1a4 ), and rOatp4 ( Oatp1b2 ), play major roles in the hepatic uptake of amphipathic organic anions and certain types of cationic compounds in the rat liver. (aspetjournals.org)
- Recent functional studies in isolated mouse choroid plexus (CP) tissues suggested the presence of organic anion transporting polypeptides (OATPs, encoded by SLCOs) at the apical membrane of BCSFB, which may clear large organic anions from the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). (aspetjournals.org)
- Together, our results suggest that large organic anions in the CSF are actively transported into CPE cells by apical OATP1A2 (OATP1A5 in mice), then subsequently effluxed into the blood by basolateral multidrug resistance-associated proteins (MRPs). (aspetjournals.org)
- This study revealed a functional contribution of rodent organic anion transporting polypeptide (OATP) 1A5 towards the CSF clearance of organic anions and suggested a similar role for OATP1A2 in humans. (aspetjournals.org)
- Along with OAT3, OAT1 mediates the uptake of a wide range of relatively small and hydrophilic organic anions from plasma into the cytoplasm of the proximal tubular cells of the kidneys. (wikipedia.org)
- OAT1, OAT3, and OATP4C1 transport small organic anions from the plasma into the S2 cells. (wikipedia.org)
- MDR1, MRP2, MRP4 and URAT1 then transports these organic anions from the cytoplasm of the S2 cells into the lumen of the proximal convoluted tubules. (wikipedia.org)
- These organic anions are then excreted in the urine. (wikipedia.org)
- Renal transport of organic anions and cations. (nih.gov)
- Organic anions and cations (OAs and OCs, respectively) comprise an extraordinarily diverse array of compounds of physiological, pharmacological, and toxicological importance. (nih.gov)
Cation and anion1
- Our results suggest that intrinsic doping by cation and anion divacancies can induce a local polarization in unstrained non-polar SMO thin films and that a ferroelectric state can be stabilized below the critical strain of the stoichiometric material. (arxiv.org)
Inorganic anion2
- Perchlorate (ClO 4 − ) is an inorganic anion used industrially as an oxidizer for rocket fuels and propellants and in explosives. (nih.gov)
- Adsorptive performances of inorganic anion exchangers based on Fe-Ce hydrous oxides were explained by simulation extended X-ray absorption fine structures simulation. (uu.nl)
Chloride9
- An anion templated double cyclization strategy to synthesize [2]catenanes in which two identical acyclic pyridinium receptor motifs interweave around a chloride anion template is described. (kent.ac.uk)
- X-ray crystal structures provide an insight of the supramolecular forces responsible for chloride anion templated efficacy and recognition. (kent.ac.uk)
- Removal of the chloride anion template generates topologically unique interlocked binding cavities for anions. (kent.ac.uk)
- 1H NMR anion binding investigations demonstrate the catenanes to be highly selective hosts for chloride in preference to more basic monocharged oxoanions. (kent.ac.uk)
- Rigid tricyclic locked in all axial 1,3,5-cyclohexanetriol derivatives with 0-3 trifluoromethyl groups were synthesized and photoelectron spectra of their conjugate bases and chloride anion clusters are reported along with density functional computations. (umn.edu)
- The latter mechanism is found to be transmitted through space via hydrogen bonds, and the presence of three ring skeleton oxygen atoms and up to three trifluoromethyl groups enhance the ADEs by 1.61-2.88 eV for the conjugate bases and 1.01-1.60 eV for the chloride anion clusters. (umn.edu)
- L-type calcium currents (I Ca ) are influenced by changes in extracellular chloride, but sites of anion effects have not been identified. (nebraska.edu)
- The concentrated virus was purified by weak anion exchange column using 50 mM HEPES + 1 M sodium chloride as elution buffer. (biomedcentral.com)
- A novel anion exchange membrane composed of aminated polyketone-g-vinylbenzyl chloride was synthesized via Co-60 gamma-ray irradiation grafting technique. (agu.edu.tr)
Cations6
- We observe the rarely reported crystalline Ruddlesden-Popper phase, which involves the loss of both oxygen anions and cobalt cations upon annealing where the cobalt is found as isolated Co ions or Co nanoparticles. (escholarship.org)
- The phenolic and guest interacting functionality of N-(2-hydroxybenzyl)-isopropylamine (1) used for developing a silver nanoparticle (1-AgNP) based colorimetric sensor for metal cations (Ni 2+ , Co 2+ , Cd 2+ and Ca 2+ ) and oxalate and phosphate anions in aqueous solution. (tau.ac.il)
- Absorption spectra of 1-AgNPs with metal cations and anions also exhibited selective change for metal cations (Ni 2+ , Co 2+ , Cd 2+ and Ca 2+ ) and oxalate and phosphate anions. (tau.ac.il)
- Differences in the aggregation led to different colours for metal cations and anions. (tau.ac.il)
- 1-AgNPs exhibited a 10 -6 M detection level for both cations and anions as well as high selectivity for Ni 2+ and oxalate ions. (tau.ac.il)
- Thus metal coordinating phenolic chelating ligands represent potential candidates for fabricating an AgNP colorimetric assay for metal cations and anions. (tau.ac.il)
Uptake2
- When the uptake of one molecule of an organic anion is transported into a cell by an OAT1 exchanger, one molecule of an endogenous dicarboxylic acid (such as glutarate, ketoglutarate, etc.) is simultaneously transported out of the cell. (wikipedia.org)
- Since certain energy sources as well as ions in the media affect cellular permeation of selenium in yeast, this study was undertaken to investigate the role of anions on the uptake and translocation of selenium in wheat seedlings. (sdstate.edu)
Interaction7
- These studies indicate that the C-terminus and its interaction with TM3 have a major influence on the complex structural dynamics that regulate anion channel gating and permeation. (nih.gov)
- Conducting polypyrrole (PPy) films, doped with perchlorate and polymeric anions, were prepared by electropolymerization and analyzed by XPS in order to clarify the interaction between polymer redox sites and various dopants. (umn.edu)
- The X-ray photoemission data indicate that the electrostatic interaction of C10 4 - anions with PPy occurs at specific sites. (umn.edu)
- If the electrostatic bonding were with the nitrogen heteroatom alone, this would yield a considerably larger shift than is observed in the N Is core level spectra The geometric arrangement of the ring-anion pair consistent with the observed interaction behavior requires that the tetrahedral C10 4 - ;anion overlays the planar ring with its triangular oxygen plane parallel to the planar ring. (umn.edu)
- HR-TEM studies indicate that aggregation of AgNPs due to selective metal coordination or anion interaction with surface functionality caused colour change. (tau.ac.il)
- abstract = "A supramolecular complex was formed between zinc chlorin carboxylate (ZnCh-) and lithium ion-encapsulated [60]fullerene (Li +@C60) by an electrostatic interaction in benzonitrile (PhCN). (ewha.ac.kr)
- α-Synuclein Shows High Affinity Interaction with Voltage-dependent Anion Channel, Suggesting Mechanisms of Mitochondrial Regulation and Toxicity in Parkinson Disease. (nih.gov)
Exchangers1
- The phylogenetically ancient SLC26 gene family encodes multifunctional anion exchangers and anion channels transporting a broad range of substrates, including Cl(-), HCO3(-), sulfate, oxalate, I(-), and formate. (nih.gov)
Intracellular3
- Variance-mean analysis of I Ca and cell-attached patch single channel recordings indicate that gluconate-induced inhibition is due to intracellular anion effects on Ca 2+ channel open probability, not conductance. (nebraska.edu)
- Our results suggest that modest changes in intracellular anion concentration can produce significant effects on CaV1.2 currents mediated by changes in channel open probability involving β subunit interactions with the N terminus and a short C terminal region. (nebraska.edu)
- Recovery of the intracellular pH after acute alkalinization was measured consecutively by a pH indicator with a specific inhibitor of anion exchanger (AE), 4,4′-diisothiocyanatostilbene-2,2′-disulfonic acid (DIDS). (elsevierpure.com)
Multispecific1
- Rat organic anion transporter 2 (rOat2, Slc22a7 ) is a sinusoidal multispecific organic anion transporter in the liver. (aspetjournals.org)
Membrane2
- To reduce nitrogen crossover, an additional low concentration (LC) chamber was inserted before the anode using an additional anion exchange membrane (AEM) next to another AEM, and filled with different amounts of anion or cation ion exchange resins. (rsc.org)
- Positively charged salt ions are transported from the HC solution to LC solution through the cation exchange membrane (CEM), while negatively charged salt ions are transported from the HC solution to LC solution through the anion exchange membrane (AEM). (rsc.org)
Substrate transport1
- Using electrophysiological recordings of EAAT4 constructs expressed in Xenopus oocytes, we found that truncation of the C-terminus alters channel gating, drives the channel into an open state and disrupts glutamate transport, supporting a role for C-terminal residues in the structural coupling between substrate transport and anion channel opening. (nih.gov)
Detection2
- The recent discovery of the C 7 N − anion and the relatively large abundance of the HC 9 N member of the cyanopolyyne family opens the door for searching in the data for harmonically related series of lines belonging to singlet species, with intensities close to the detection limit, that could belong to heavier anions. (aanda.org)
- Methods for chemical detection of fluoride anion may be subdivided into use of chemosensors (in which fluoride is reversibly bound to a receptor motif) and chemodosimeters (in which fluoride mediates an irreversible chemical reaction of the probe molecule). (frontiersin.org)
Chemistry3
- The anion gap (AG) is an easily calculated marker of metabolic acidosis based on analytes typically available from routine chemistry analysis. (medscape.com)
- Anions and radicals are important for many applications including environmental chemistry, semiconductors, and charge transfer, but are poorly described by the available approximate energy density functionals. (arxiv.org)
- The first five chapters detail my work with Dr. Bowman-James which has focused on host-guest chemistry ranging from ligand synthesis to anion and metal binding. (ku.edu)
Solvents1
- Chapter 2 will investigate duplex hosts as anion binding hosts, the duplex receptors were synthesized with R group functionalizations that permit a range of solubilities in various solvents. (ku.edu)
Aqueous solution1
- It is also possible to make N,N,N-triethylbutylammonium bromide into an aqueous solution and mix with OH - Type anion exchange resin for anion exchange to obtain N,N,N-triethylbuty. (patsnap.com)
Tetrahedral1
Metabolic acidosis3
- In metabolic acidosis, addition of fixed acids leads to a rise of the AG: while the proton within the acid combines with bicarbonate, the conjugate base contributes to the unmeasured anions. (medscape.com)
- [ 4 ] Maciel and Park observed that unmeasured anions accounted for the majority of metabolic acidosis in both intensive care unit (ICU) survivors and non-survivors, whereas lactate accounted for only a quarter of acidosis. (medscape.com)
- Despite being considered one of the main causes of metabolic acidosis, the association between an anion gap and MALA diagnosis is still uncertain. (medscape.com)
Epithelial1
- abstract = "The peribiliary inflammation of cholangiopathy affects the physiological properties of biliary epithelial cells (cholangiocyte), including bicarbonate-rich ductular secretion. (elsevierpure.com)
Fluoride1
- NAz-6-Bpin color change upon binding of fluoride anion. (frontiersin.org)
Variability1
- In patients with MALA, there is a significant variability in the anion gap values, which is not related to the level of metformin accumulation, and therefore, it is doubtful whether measuring anion gaps is useful as an approach for MALA diagnosis. (medscape.com)
Complexes1
- Anion-Anion Interactions in Aerogen-Bonded Complexes. (usu.edu)
Intrinsic1
Mechanisms1
- Delineating the molecular mechanisms governing CSF organic anion clearance may help to improve the prediction of central nervous system (CNS) pharmacokinetics and identify drug candidates with favorable CNS pharmacokinetic properties. (aspetjournals.org)
Renal1
- It plays a central role in renal organic anion transport. (wikipedia.org)
Planar1
Residues1
- Neutralizing arginines at AA1696 and 1697 by replacement with glutamines reduced gluconate inhibition to ∼60% indicating these residues are particularly important for anion effects. (nebraska.edu)
Structures2
- Symmetries and model structures are given for ABN2O (and ABNO2) perovskites that possess long-range ordering of anions in combination with a0a0c-, a-b0a-, and a-b+a- octahedral tilting. (edu.au)
- Syntheses and Structures of 5-Membered Heterocycles Featuring 1,2-Diphospha-1,3-Butadiene and Its Radical Anion. (bvsalud.org)
Hydrogen1
- These results provide measures of the anion stabilization due to the hydrogen bond network and inductive effects. (umn.edu)
Humans1
- The organic anion transporter 1 (OAT1) also known as solute carrier family 22 member 6 (SLC22A6) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SLC22A6 gene. (wikipedia.org)
Compounds1
- No evidence for long-range anion order is found in any of the three compounds. (edu.au)
Electrostatic1
Spectra2
Species2
- We investigated the temperature dependence of the intermolecular vibrational dynamics of pyrrolidinium-based ionic liquids (ILs) with 10 different anion species using femtosecond Raman-induced Kerr effect spectroscopy. (acs.org)
- In view of that, Asst Prof Claridge-Chang with Dr Farhan Mohammad and other colleagues explored the use of anion channelrhodopsins (ACRs) from an alga species (Guillardia theta) to inhibit neural activity. (neurosciencenews.com)
Ionic2
- Provided is an ionic liquid compound with anion containing double Lewis base functional groups. (patsnap.com)
- A cation of the ionic liquid compound with the anion containing the double Lewis base functional groups is tetra-alkyl quaternary ammonium, tetra-alkyl quaternary phosphine or N, N-dialkyl-imidazole. (patsnap.com)
Mice1
- Using quantitative fluorescence imaging, we showed that the fluorescent anions sulforhodamine 101 (SR101), fluorescein methotrexate (FL-MTX), and 8-fluorescein-cAMP (fluo-cAMP) are actively transported from the CSF to the subepithelial space in CP tissues isolated from wild-type mice. (aspetjournals.org)
Exchange1
- Nitrogen crossover into the anode chamber was reduced by up to 97% using 50% of the chamber filled with an anion exchange resin compared to the control (no additional chamber). (rsc.org)
Removal1
- It was shown that strong anion removal potential of Mg-Al-CO3 layered double hydroxides was associated with richness in speciation of chemical elements (Mg, Al) and interlayer anions (CO2 3 −) as well as with generous hydration. (uu.nl)
Radical1
- LGa(P2 OC)cAAC][K(DB-18-c-6)] 3[K(DB-18-c-6] containing the 1,2-diphospha-1,3-butadiene radical anion 3â - was isolated from the reaction of 2 with KC8 and dibenzo-18- crown -6. (bvsalud.org)