• Aquaporin-4 is essential in the formation of memory as well as synaptic plasticity. (wikipedia.org)
  • Other performances that aquaporin-4 is involved in are synaptic plasticity, astrocyte migration, regulation of extracellular space volume, and the homeostasis of potassium. (wikipedia.org)
  • Aquaporin-4, also known as AQP-4, is a water channel protein encoded by the AQP4 gene in humans. (wikipedia.org)
  • They became hyponatremic after acute water loading, and it was revealed under such conditions that aquaporin-2 (AQP2) protein levels were increased in the kidney. (bvsalud.org)
  • Aquaporin-4 is the most common aquaporin in the brain, spinal cord, and optic nerve. (wikipedia.org)
  • MOGAD is typically associated with acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM), optic neuritis (ON), and transverse myelitis (TM) and is less commonly associated with cerebral cortical encephalitis, brainstem or cerebellar symptoms, and clinical presentations including the combination of several phenotypes and sometimes accompanies other autoantibodies such as anti- N -methy-D aspartate receptor (NMDAR) autoantibodies with symptoms of autoimmune encephalitis. (encyclopedia.pub)
  • 2 3 4 5 6 ] However, a more recent population-based survey conducted in urban Mangalore has shown a prevalence of 8.3/100,000 for MS and 2.6/100,000 for neuromyelitis optic spectrum diseases (NMOSD). (lww.com)
  • Tumefactive Demyelination in MOG Ab-Associated Disease, Multiple Sclerosis, and AQP-4-IgG-Positive Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder. (mayo.edu)
  • The discovery of new antibodies has improved our understanding of the pathology of the disease. (lww.com)
  • The assembly of AQP4 monomers into tetramers is similar to other aquaporin channels. (wikipedia.org)
  • Indeed, astrocytic end feet, express the most AQP-4 channels in the entire CNS, playing a key role in brain activation and deactivation ( Mader and Brimberg, 2019 ). (raypeatforum.com)
  • Within the retina, the role of AQP-4 is to maintain homeostasis. (wikipedia.org)
  • A limited number of aquaporins are found within the central nervous system (CNS): AQP1, 3, 4, 5, 8, 9, and 11, but more exclusive representation of AQP1, 4, and 9 are found in the brain and spinal cord. (wikipedia.org)
  • Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) is an autoimmune astrocytopathy against foot processes of aquaporin-4 (AQP4) water channels. (nih.gov)
  • Aquaporin-4, also known as AQP-4, is a water channel protein encoded by the AQP4 gene in humans. (wikipedia.org)
  • In the CNS, AQP4 is the most prevalent aquaporin channel, specifically located at the perimicrovessel astrocyte foot processes, glia limitans, and ependyma. (wikipedia.org)
  • The assembly of AQP4 monomers into tetramers is similar to other aquaporin channels. (wikipedia.org)
  • Pathologically, NMOSD includes AQP4-antibody-seropositive autoimmune astrocytopathic disease and MOG-antibody-seropositive inflammatory demyelinating disease. (nih.gov)
  • Patients with NMOSD tend to have other coexisting autoimmune/connective tissue diseases. (nih.gov)
  • However, AQP-4-antibody-positive NMOSD coexisting with ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is rare. (nih.gov)
  • NMOSD encompassing brain syndrome as well as optic neuritis and acute myelitis is now classified into aquaporine-4 (AQP)-antibody-seropositive and aquaporine-4 (AQP)-antibody-seronegative diseases, detecting more patients earlier than before. (nih.gov)
  • Here, we demonstrate that subsequent to MRI-targeted focused ultrasound induced disruption of BBB, intravenously administered dopamine D(4) receptor-targeting antibody crossed the BBB and recognized its antigens. (researchgate.net)
  • A limited number of aquaporins are found within the central nervous system (CNS): AQP1, 3, 4, 5, 8, 9, and 11, but more exclusive representation of AQP1, 4, and 9 are found in the brain and spinal cord. (wikipedia.org)
  • Phytochemical modulation of AQP expression may provide new medical treatment options to improve the prognosis of several diseases. (frontiersin.org)
  • The ability of EV to modulate the immune system, the coagulation cascade, the angiogenetic process, and to drive endothelial dysfunction plays a crucial role in the pathophysiology of both autoimmune and renal diseases. (unicyte.ch)
  • We focused on EV-mediated interaction between the immune system and the kidney in autoimmune diseases displaying common renal damage, such as antiphospholipid syndrome, systemic lupus erythematosus, thrombotic microangiopathy, and vasculitis. (unicyte.ch)
  • Although further studies are needed to extend our knowledge on EV in renal pathology, a deeper investigation of the impact of EV in kidney autoimmune diseases may also provide insight into renal biological processes. (unicyte.ch)
  • Absence of aquaporin-4 expression in lesions of neuromyelitis optica but increased expression in multiple sclerosis lesions and normal-appearing white matter. (medscape.com)
  • Aquaporin-4's overall function is to provide fast water transportation as well as maintain homeostatic balance within the central nervous system. (wikipedia.org)
  • Aquaporins (AQPs), a family of membrane channel proteins involved in many body functions, are emerging among the targets of bioactive phytochemicals in imparting their beneficial actions. (frontiersin.org)
  • This review provides an update on the involvement of Aquaporins (AQPs), a family of membrane channel proteins with important role in many body functions, in the beneficial effects imparted by food polyphenols and herbal phytocompounds, both in health and disease. (frontiersin.org)
  • AQP-4 belongs to the aquaporin family of integral membrane proteins that conduct water through the cell membrane. (wikipedia.org)
  • Aquaporins (AQPs) are channel proteins largely expressed in living organisms mediating the transport of water and some anaelectrolytes across biological membranes ( Agre, 2004 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • [ 14 ] Moreover, both studies consistently reported a decrease in AQP-Ab serum concentrations in response to various immunosuppressive therapies. (medscape.com)