• However, Zika virus can be spread from a pregnant woman to her unborn baby, and is suspected of causing birth defects. (nsf.gov)
  • Which non-human species are hosts of Zika virus? (nsf.gov)
  • What is the rate at which Zika virus is transmitted between these vectors/carriers and humans? (nsf.gov)
  • What is the rate at which Zika virus is spreading on a regional-to-continental scale, and can this spread be modeled and predicted? (nsf.gov)
  • Can mathematical models of Zika virus transmission dynamics and spatial spread be developed to incorporate the effects of vector control methods? (nsf.gov)
  • The summary should include a statement of how the results of this research would be used to affect management of, or policies concerning, the spread of Zika virus within the next 12 months. (nsf.gov)
  • The National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases has also published a notice of interest for research on Zika virus. (nsf.gov)
  • Transmission electron micrograph (TEM) of the Zika virus. (nsf.gov)
  • Map showing regions of the world where the Zika virus is currently active, as of Feb. 3, 2016. (nsf.gov)
  • In this session of Beyond the Data, Dr. Phoebe Thorpe and Dr. Sonja Rasmussen discuss Zika virus and the link to birth defects. (cdc.gov)
  • In this session of Beyond the Data, Dr. Phoebe Thorpe and Dr. Ronald Rosenberg discuss Zika virus and the mosquitoes that transmit it. (cdc.gov)
  • Zika virus is found in parts of South and Central America, the Caribbean, the Pacific islands, Africa and Asia. (leeds.ac.uk)
  • I'm delighted to welcome you to today's COCA call, Zika Virus - What Clinicians Need to Know. (cdc.gov)
  • Questions are limited to clinicians who would like information related to Zika virus disease. (cdc.gov)
  • 1) describe the epidemiology, clinical manifestation, management and prevention of Zika virus disease, 2) discuss diagnostic testing for Zika virus infection and interpretation of test results, 3) articulate the importance of early recognition and reporting of cases, 4) state the recommendations for pregnant women and possible Zika virus exposure, and 5) discuss evaluation of infants with microcephaly and relationship of Zika in microcephaly. (cdc.gov)
  • Zika virus is a single-stranded RNA virus in the genus flavivirus, family flaviviridae that is closely related to dengue, yellow fever, Japanese encephalitis and West Nile viruses. (cdc.gov)
  • The current scenario regarding the widespread Zika virus (ZIKV) has resulted in numerous diagnostic studies, specifically in South America and in locations where there is frequent entry of travelers returning from ZIKV-affected areas, including pregnant women with or without clinical symptoms of ZIKV infection. (frontiersin.org)
  • Since 2014, major outbreaks of dengue, malaria, chikungunya, yellow fever and Zika virus disease have afflicted populations, claimed lives and overwhelmed health systems in many countries. (who.int)
  • In 2016, Zika virus infections and their associated complications directly affected individuals and families, and caused social and economic disruption. (who.int)
  • The rapid spread of Zika virus through the Americas, together with the association of infection with microcephaly and Guillain-Barre syndrome, have propelled this previously ignored virus into the limelight. (virology.ws)
  • Zika virus was first identified in 1947 in a sentinel monkey that was being used to monitor for the presence of yellow fever virus in the Zika Forest of Uganda. (virology.ws)
  • All the mice became sick, and the virus isolated from their brains was called Zika virus. (virology.ws)
  • Serological studies done in the 1950s showed that humans carried antibodies against Zika virus, and the virus was isolated from humans in Nigeria in 1968. (virology.ws)
  • Zika virus moved outside of Africa and Asia in 2007 and 2013 with outbreaks in Yap Island and French Polynesia, respectively. (virology.ws)
  • As of this writing Zika virus has spread to 23 countries in the Americas. (virology.ws)
  • Zika virus is a member of the flavivirus family, which also includes yellow fever virus, dengue virus, Japanese encephalitis virus, and West Nile virus. (virology.ws)
  • Zika virus is transmitted among humans by mosquito bites. (virology.ws)
  • Aedes albopictus was identified as the primary vector for Zika virus transmission in the Gabon outbreak of 2007. (virology.ws)
  • Whether there are non-human reservoirs for Zika virus has not been established. (virology.ws)
  • Most individuals infected with Zika virus experience mild or no symptoms. (virology.ws)
  • Two conditions associated with Zika virus infection have made the outbreak potentially more serious. (virology.ws)
  • Congenital microcephaly has been associated with Zika virus infection in Brazil. (virology.ws)
  • While there are other causes of microcephaly, there has been a surge in the number of cases during the Zika virus outbreak in that country. (virology.ws)
  • Whether or not Zika virus infection is responsible for this birth defect is not known. (virology.ws)
  • Current epidemiological data are insufficient to prove a link of microcephaly with Zika virus infection. (virology.ws)
  • Needed are studies in which pregnant women are monitored to see if Zika virus infection leads to microcephaly. (virology.ws)
  • Given the serious nature of Guillain-Barre and microcephaly, it is prudent for pregnant women to either avoid travel to areas that are endemic for Zika virus infection, or to take measures to reduce exposure to mosquitoes. (virology.ws)
  • There are currently no antiviral drugs or vaccines that can be used to treat or prevent infection with Zika virus. (virology.ws)
  • Substituting the gene encoding the yellow fever E glycoprotein with that from Zika virus might be a good approach to quickly making a Zika vaccine. (virology.ws)
  • Mosquito control is the only option for restricting Zika virus infection. (virology.ws)
  • A new map shows mosquitoes that can carry the Zika virus are found in 40 states and Washington, D.C. (nbcnews.com)
  • Public health officials are bracing for local outbreaks of the Zika virus in the continental U.S. as mosquito season gets under way. (nbcnews.com)
  • Zika virus disease is caused by a RNA flavivirus transmitted to humans by the Aedes mosquito, the same type of mosquito that transmits dengue, chikungunya and yellow fever. (who.int)
  • Only 20% of people with Zika virus infection show symptoms, which include mild fever, skin rash and conjunctivitis. (who.int)
  • A preceding viral infection was reported in 88% of these cases and retrospective analysis demonstrated that all 42 cases had serological tests suggesting prior dengue and Zika virus infections. (who.int)
  • Of these 42 confirmed cases, 26 had reported symptoms consistent with Zika virus infection. (who.int)
  • Prior to 2007, Zika virus infection had not been documented outside Asia or Africa. (who.int)
  • As of April 2016, over 60 countries in the Americas, the Pacific Islands, South-east Asia and Africa have reported local transmission of Zika virus disease. (who.int)
  • The current Zika virus outbreaks, and associated microcephaly and neurological disorders, have caused increasing alarm in countries across the world. (who.int)
  • The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, and the European Centre for Disease Control and Prevention,Stockholm, and other national public health agencies have also issued travel warnings, which include recommendations that pregnant women consider postponing travel to any area with ongoing Zika virus transmission. (who.int)
  • On 1 February 2016, WHO announced that the recent cluster of neurological disorders and neonatal malformations reported in the Americas region constitute a Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC) and called for a global response to the spread of Zika virus disease. (who.int)
  • As of May 2016, no countries of the Region have reported importation of Zika virus disease or autochthonous transmission. (who.int)
  • Some of these countries that are at risk for Zika virus infection are also either experiencing, or recovering from, complex emergencies, have fragile health systems, weak disease surveillance systems, poor response capacities, and a suboptimal level of public health preparedness. (who.int)
  • Zika virus infection further compounds the challenges as the majority of infected people do not display any symptoms and the population has no immunity to this new virus. (who.int)
  • Later, during a panel discussion with experts and journalists, Fauci pointed out that in February, President Obama asked Congress for $1.9 billion to combat the spread of the Zika virus. (bu.edu)
  • Data reported to ArboNET using the national surveillance case definition for congenital Zika virus disease or infection (CSTE Position Statement 16-ID-01). (cdc.gov)
  • Additional data reported to the US Zika Pregnancy Registry for outcomes of pregnancies with laboratory evidence of possible Zika virus infection are available at https://www.cdc.gov/zika/reporting/pregnancy-outcomes.html . (cdc.gov)
  • Cases reported to the US Zika Pregnancy Registry might not meet the national surveillance case definition for congenital Zika virus disease or infection. (cdc.gov)
  • GDDOC issued over 1000 reports for outbreaks in 2016, including MERS in the Middle East to Yellow Fever in West Africa, Zika virus in the Americas, and Cholera worldwide. (cdc.gov)
  • 181B potentially associated with Zika virus (ZIKV) has highlighted the urgent need to identify individuals infected with ZIKV. (who.int)
  • Aedes mosquitoes transmit diseases such as Zika virus, Chikungunya, yellow fever and dengue. (tamu.edu)
  • The chairman of the Senate committee with oversight over public health issues has sent a letter to the head of Health and Human Services asking her to keep him apprised of the agency's efforts to stem the spread of the Zika virus in the United States…" (Weinberg, 2/3). (kff.org)
  • The Zika virus is creeping into politics, with Republicans beginning to question whether the Obama administration is doing enough to protect the public from an outbreak…" (Sullivan, 2/4). (kff.org)
  • Rep. Chris Stewart (R-Utah) unveiled legislation on Wednesday to boost funding to research the Zika virus by giving federal agencies flexibility to use money originally allocated to combat Ebola…" (Marcos, 2/3). (kff.org)
  • South American health ministers held an emergency meeting on slowing the spread of the Zika virus, dubbed a 'nightmare' by hard-hit Brazil, where it is blamed for brain damage in babies…" (Notargiovanni, 2/3). (kff.org)
  • Brazil's President Dilma Rousseff urged Brazilians on Wednesday to fight the spread of the Zika virus. (kff.org)
  • Zsuzsanna Jakab, the European director of the World Health Organization (WHO), said European countries had to act quickly to protect themselves from the Zika virus, which is spread by mosquitoes and suspected of causing deformities and brain damage in infants in South America…" (2/3). (kff.org)
  • European countries were called on [Wednesday] by the United Nations World Health Organization (WHO) to act early and in a coordinated way to protect the region from Zika virus, just one day after another case was confirmed in the United States…" (2/3). (kff.org)
  • U.N. agencies are mobilizing communities in Latin America and the Caribbean to stop the spread of the Zika virus, which has infected tens of thousands of people in about 25 countries…" (Schlein, 2/3). (kff.org)
  • Brazil is not sharing enough samples and disease data to let researchers determine whether the Zika virus is, as feared, linked to the increased number of babies born with abnormally small heads in the South American country, U.N. and U.S. health officials say. (kff.org)
  • Aedes aegypti carries the zika virus, malaria, dengue, yellow fever, and chikungunya, which is a disease that causes permanent joint pain and crippling. (townhall.com)
  • It is this neopaganism that now would let the zika virus spread instead of eliminating aedes aegypti . (townhall.com)
  • A banner about Zika virus is seen as ferry passengers arriving from Singapore get in line at the immigration check on September 4, in Batam, Indonesia. (cnn.com)
  • The Rio 2016 Olympic Games commence August 5 amid a political and economic crisis in the country along with the Zika virus outbreak. (cnn.com)
  • Rio 2016 Chief Medical Officer Joao Grangeiro, Municipal Secretary of Health Daniel Soranz and Sub-secretary of the State for Health and Surveillence Alexandre Chieppe field questions from the media during an International Media Briefing to address the Zika virus on Tuesday, June 7, in Rio de Janeiro. (cnn.com)
  • Zika virus, which has suspected links to birth defects in newborn children. (cnn.com)
  • The Zika virus has been linked to microcephaly, a neurological disorder that results in newborns with small heads and abnormal brain development. (cnn.com)
  • Importance The Zika virus epidemic has been declared a public health emergency of international concern by the World Health Organization. (atmire.com)
  • Today, the latest plague they bring is the Zika virus. (healthline.com)
  • Peterson told Healthline that the Zika virus was discovered in the mid-20th century in Africa. (healthline.com)
  • Before 2007, at least 14 cases of human Zika virus disease had been documented in the literature, although other cases were likely to have occurred and were not published. (healthline.com)
  • This allows the disease-causing agent - for example, the Zika virus - into the site. (healthline.com)
  • The Zika virus and other major deadly diseases are spread by just one of the world's 3,500 species of mosquito. (healthline.com)
  • Scientists found a structural detail on the surface of the Zika virus that distinguishes it from similar viruses. (nih.gov)
  • Zika virus is mainly transmitted to humans by the bite of infected mosquitoes. (nih.gov)
  • Most people infected with Zika virus don't get sick. (nih.gov)
  • But if a pregnant woman becomes infected with Zika virus, her unborn child may be at risk. (nih.gov)
  • Recent evidence confirms that Zika virus can cause severe fetal brain abnormalities, including microcephaly, a rare condition in which an infant's head is unusually small. (nih.gov)
  • To learn more about Zika virus, NIH-funded researchers examined its structure at near-atomic resolution. (nih.gov)
  • The 3-D images showed that Zika virus is structurally similar to other flaviviruses. (nih.gov)
  • The 3.8 Å resolution cryo-EM structure of Zika virus. (nih.gov)
  • Those nasty pests who spread unpleasant diseases like malaria, dengue fever, yellow fever - and now the Zika Virus , as well as insects that can seriously damage crops. (wakeup-world.com)
  • An infant in Poco Fundo, Brazil presents with microcephaly, a neurological disorder that can cause lifelong difficulties and is potentially linked to Zika virus infection. (dailynexus.com)
  • The Zika virus is causing international concern due to its rapid spread across the globe and potential connection to a microcephaly, a neurological birth disorder. (dailynexus.com)
  • Zika virus belongs to the same flavivirus family as dengue, yellow fever and West Nile, but has many unique qualities that set it apart from its flavivirus counterparts. (dailynexus.com)
  • However, Zika virus can stay in the blood stream for up to a week, during which it can be spread through blood transfusions and sexual contact. (dailynexus.com)
  • Zika virus found in the umbilical cord blood of fetuses, indicating that Zika virus is capable of vertical transmission through the mother to the fetus. (dailynexus.com)
  • A company in India had been working on developing a vaccine for Zika virus even before the outbreak occurred. (dailynexus.com)
  • Now, due to the W.H.O.'s recent announcement regarding Zika virus, the race is on to develop a vaccine for this virus. (dailynexus.com)
  • Though there has been little research conducted on how the Zika virus causes microcephaly, Sears has a possible explanation. (dailynexus.com)
  • This technology is still being researched in order to combat Zika virus. (dailynexus.com)
  • Though the spread of the Zika virus has been devastating in Brazil, officials do not predict that the virus will have a significant effect in the United States. (dailynexus.com)
  • Due to the cooler temperatures in much of the United States, the number of mosquitos is lower, so there is less of a chance of the spread of Zika virus. (dailynexus.com)
  • In 2016 and 2017, Florida saw cases of the Zika virus , which is spread by the Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus mosquitoes. (smithsonianmag.com)
  • Zika virus is a flavivirus closely related to dengue, West Nile, and yellow fever viruses. (medscape.com)
  • Although spread is primarily by Aedes species mosquitoes, two instances of sexual transmission of Zika virus have been reported, [ 1 , 2 ] and replicative virus has been isolated from semen of one man with hematospermia. (medscape.com)
  • [ 3 ] On February 5, 2016, CDC published recommendations for preventing sexual transmission of Zika virus. (medscape.com)
  • During February 6-22, 2016, CDC received reports of 14 instances of suspected sexual transmission of Zika virus. (medscape.com)
  • Among these, two laboratory-confirmed cases and four probable cases of Zika virus disease have been identified among women whose only known risk factor was sexual contact with a symptomatic male partner with recent travel to an area with ongoing Zika virus transmission. (medscape.com)
  • State, territorial, and local public health departments, clinicians, and the public should be aware of current recommendations for preventing sexual transmission of Zika virus, particularly to pregnant women. (medscape.com)
  • [ 4 ] Men who reside in or have traveled to an area of ongoing Zika virus transmission and have a pregnant partner should abstain from sexual activity or consistently and correctly use condoms during sex with their pregnant partner for the duration of the pregnancy. (medscape.com)
  • Zika virus disease is an arboviral disease and a nationally notifiable condition in the United States. (medscape.com)
  • [ 5 ] For the purposes of this report, a confirmed or probable case of sexually transmitted Zika virus disease was defined as an illness meeting the confirmed or probable arbovirus surveillance case definition in a person whose only known risk factor was sexual contact with a partner who recently traveled to an area with ongoing Zika virus transmission. (medscape.com)
  • During February 6-22, 2016, two confirmed and four probable cases of Zika virus sexual transmission were reported to CDC by health officials from multiple states. (medscape.com)
  • Zika virus RNA was detected in the woman's serum by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assay. (medscape.com)
  • Zika virus infection in the woman was confirmed by RT-PCR testing of serum. (medscape.com)
  • U.S. health officials are still ramping up their efforts to combat an expected Zika virus outbreak this summer, but maybe there's another potential threat that should be on their radar screens as well. (consumeraffairs.com)
  • Though the numbers of Zika virus infections have dropped, which scientists speculate may be due to herd immunity in some areas, there is still potential for future outbreaks. (news-medical.net)
  • To prevent such outbreaks, scientists want to understand how the immune system recognizes the Zika virus, in hopes of developing vaccines against it. (news-medical.net)
  • Shannon Esswein, a graduate student, and Pamela Bjorkman, a professor, at the California Institute of Technology, have new insights on how the body's antibodies attach to the Zika virus. (news-medical.net)
  • Zika virus is a kind of flavivirus, and other flavivirus family members include dengue, West Nile, and yellow fever virus. (news-medical.net)
  • There is a concern that antibodies generated in response to a Zika virus vaccine could trigger ADE if someone were to be later infected with dengue or other flaviviruses. (news-medical.net)
  • The researchers studied how those antibodies changed over time as they mature and become better able to stick to the Zika virus, and also how the antibodies cross-react with other flaviviruses, including the four types of dengue viruses. (news-medical.net)
  • Together, the team's experiments show how the body mounts 'a potent immune response to Zika virus,' says Esswein. (news-medical.net)
  • CDC has updated its interim guidelines for U.S. health care providers caring for pregnant women during a Zika virus outbreak ( 1 ). (cdc.gov)
  • Updated guidelines include a new recommendation to offer serologic testing to asymptomatic pregnant women (women who do not report clinical illness consistent with Zika virus disease) who have traveled to areas with ongoing Zika virus transmission. (cdc.gov)
  • This update also expands guidance to women who reside in areas with ongoing Zika virus transmission, and includes recommendations for screening, testing, and management of pregnant women and recommendations for counseling women of reproductive age (15-44 years). (cdc.gov)
  • Pregnant women who reside in areas with ongoing Zika virus transmission have an ongoing risk for infection throughout their pregnancy. (cdc.gov)
  • For pregnant women with clinical illness consistent with Zika virus disease,* testing is recommended during the first week of illness. (cdc.gov)
  • For asymptomatic pregnant women residing in areas with ongoing Zika virus transmission, testing is recommended at the initiation of prenatal care with follow-up testing mid-second trimester. (cdc.gov)
  • Local health officials should determine when to implement testing of asymptomatic pregnant women based on information about levels of Zika virus transmission and laboratory capacity. (cdc.gov)
  • Health care providers should discuss reproductive life plans, including pregnancy intention and timing, with women of reproductive age in the context of the potential risks associated with Zika virus infection. (cdc.gov)
  • Zika virus is primarily transmitted by Aedes aegypti mosquitoes, which are found throughout much of the region of the Americas, including parts of the United States ( 2 , 3 ). (cdc.gov)
  • The Zika virus outbreak continues to spread ( http://www.cdc.gov/zika/geo/index.html ), with ongoing Zika virus transmission recently reported in U.S. territories. (cdc.gov)
  • Evidence suggesting an association of Zika virus infection with an increased risk for congenital microcephaly and other abnormalities of the brain and eye ( 5 ) prompted the World Health Organization to declare the Zika virus outbreak a Public Health Emergency of International Concern on February 1, 2016 ( http://www.who.int/mediacentre/news/statements/2016/1st-emergency-committee-zika/en/ external icon ). (cdc.gov)
  • There is currently no vaccine or medication to prevent Zika virus infection. (cdc.gov)
  • All travelers to or residents of areas with ongoing Zika virus transmission should be advised to strictly follow steps to avoid mosquito bites because of the potential for exposure to Zika, dengue, and chikungunya viruses ( 6 ). (cdc.gov)
  • Let's turn once again to the Zika virus, which has dominated the news. (kcur.org)
  • MONTAGNE: You, as I've just said, have been studying the Zika virus since clearly well before it got on most people's radar screens, certainly here in the U.S., especially, I gather, outbreaks on the island of Yap and also in French Polynesia. (kcur.org)
  • If we would have studied the Zika virus a little bit more and followed it, we would have probably detected it earlier when it came into the South Pacific. (kcur.org)
  • Should You Still be Worried About the Zika Virus? (retinagrouppc.com)
  • Zika virus (ZIKV) is a member of the virus family Flaviviridae. (retinagrouppc.com)
  • From 2007 to 2016, the virus spread eastward, across the Pacific Ocean to the Americas, leading to the 2015-16 Zika virus epidemic. (retinagrouppc.com)
  • The infection, known as Zika fever or Zika virus disease, often causes no or only mild symptoms, similar to a very mild form of dengue fever. (retinagrouppc.com)
  • Zika virus (ZIKV) is a mosquito-borne flavivirus that recently emerged in the South Pacific islands and Americas where unprecedented outbreaks were reported. (tghn.org)
  • For Zika virus, 18 (72%) of the 25 laboratories reported correct results in all specimens, while seven (28%) demonstrated at least one error. (who.int)
  • Zika virus disease is primarily transmitted to people through the bite of infected Aedes mosquitoes, which also transmit dengue, chikungunya and yellow fever. (who.int)
  • Zika virus disease can be transmitted from a pregnant woman to her baby during pregnancy. (who.int)
  • The symptoms of Zika virus disease can be treated with common pain and fever medicines, rest and plenty of water. (who.int)
  • Pregnant women in general, including those who develop symptoms of Zika virus infection, should see their health care provider for close monitoring of their pregnancy. (who.int)
  • The Zika virus is a mosquito-borne flavivirus that is antigenically and structurally similar to the viruses that cause dengue, yellow fever, and West Nile virus. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Zika virus infection during pregnancy can cause microcephaly (a serious birth defect), eye abnormalities, and a number of developmental impairments termed congenital Zika syndrome. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Prevention involves avoiding mosquito bites, avoiding unprotected sex with a partner at risk of having Zika virus infection, and, for pregnant women and their partners, avoiding travel to areas with ongoing transmission. (msdmanuals.com)
  • A. albopictus is thought to be a secondary vector of epidemic Zika virus infection in the tropics, but whether it would do so in the more temperate climate of the United States is unclear. (msdmanuals.com)
  • In 1947, the Zika virus was first isolated from monkeys in the Zika Forest of Uganda but was not considered an important human pathogen until the first large-scale outbreaks in the South Pacific islands in 2007. (msdmanuals.com)
  • In 2016 and 2017, cases of locally transmitted Zika virus infection were reported in Miami-Dade County in southeastern Florida and Brownsville, Texas. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Yellow fever virus is endemic in tropical and subtropical Africa and South America, and it's transmitted to humans and nonhuman primates through the bites of infected mosquitoes. (cdc.gov)
  • Outbreaks of yellow fever in humans occur mostly in the urban cycle of the virus, which involves its transmission through the bites of the day-feeding infected Aedes aegypti mosquitoes. (cdc.gov)
  • Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus mosquitoes are the primary vectors for dengue, chikungunya, yellow fever, and Zika viruses. (cdc.gov)
  • University of Leeds Virus Host Interaction Team researchers have discovered that the molecule, called sialokinin, makes it easier for a number of viruses to pass from mosquitoes to humans, where they can then take hold - leading to unpleasant and potentially deadly diseases. (leeds.ac.uk)
  • Anopheles mosquitoes cannot spread most viruses. (leeds.ac.uk)
  • Viruses spread by mosquitoes are known as arboviruses. (leeds.ac.uk)
  • The same virus was subsequently isolated from Aedes africanus mosquitoes in the Zika forest. (virology.ws)
  • The virus has been found in various mosquitoes of the Aedes genus, including Aedes africanus , Aedes apicoargenteus , Aedes leuteocephalus , Aedes aegypti , Aedes vitattus , and Aedes furcifer . (virology.ws)
  • While no mosquitoes have tested positive for Zika on military bases, the Navy has obtained positive tests for West Nile virus at the Walter Reed National Military Medical Center campus in Bethesda, Maryland, and at Joint Naval Weapons Station Charleston, South Carolina, but no human cases of that mosquito-borne disease have occurred. (militarytimes.com)
  • One (or several) mosquitoes can feed off a viremic individual, spreading the virus to one (or several) susceptible individuals with their next bite. (asm.org)
  • Areas with greater population densities and higher numbers of man-made habitats where mosquitoes can lay their eggs increase the risk of yellow fever transmission in the urban setting. (asm.org)
  • Mosquitoes are a hot news item currently, especially those transmitting a new virus….Zika. (tamu.edu)
  • Mosquitoes can transmit various diseases to humans and animals such as heartworm in dogs and cats, as well as encephalitis (including West Nile Virus), Chikungunya, dengue, yellow fever, malaria and filariasis among humans. (tamu.edu)
  • And a new study published in the Bulletin of the World Health Organization warned that this is a recipe for more outbreaks - even in the southern US , where the virus is not endemic but where mosquitoes that can carry the virus live. (vox.com)
  • The virus is carried by infected mosquitoes that spread it when they bite humans or monkeys. (vox.com)
  • On February 9, the big island of Hawaii declared a state of emergency to deal with an outbreak of dengue fever, spread by infected mosquitoes. (healthline.com)
  • The virus is spreading rapidly because mosquitoes are more effective transmitters of disease than even flies. (healthline.com)
  • Release of virus-blocking Wolbachia -infected mosquitoes is an emerging disease control strategy that aims to control dengue and other arboviral infections. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Strategies used to combat mosquitoes may also work on yellow-fever-carrying mosquitoes. (factsanddetails.com)
  • In the sylvatic cycle , Yellow Fever is transmitted by mosquitoes that bite infected monkeys passing the infection to humans living in or visiting jungle areas. (iamat.org)
  • In the urban cycle , infected mosquitoes transmit Yellow Fever from person to person that can cause large outbreaks in cities and suburbs. (iamat.org)
  • The disease is caused by the yellow fever virus, which is closely related to Dengue and Zika, and it is also transmitted by mosquitoes. (harvard.edu)
  • Because viremic patients bitten by mosquitoes can transmit the virus to other patients, the patient should be isolated with mosquito netting in areas with potential vector mosquitoes. (medscape.com)
  • In 2013, an outbreak of dengue fever was linked to the presence of Aedes aegypti mosquitoes. (smithsonianmag.com)
  • The virus and associated mosquitoes - Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus, or the yellow fever and Asian tiger mosquitoes - are not only booming in endemic countries, they're also pushing into higher altitudes and latitudes. (channelnewsasia.com)
  • In a WHO press conference at the start of April about the worrying dengue and chikungunya (a related virus spread by the same mosquitoes) epidemics there, Raman Velyayudhan, head of the WHO global programme on the control of neglected tropical diseases, said that trend could continue around the world this year. (channelnewsasia.com)
  • Like Zika, yellow fever is spread by infected mosquitoes. (consumeraffairs.com)
  • These mosquitoes can also transmit dengue and chikungunya viruses ( 4 ). (cdc.gov)
  • Overview of Arbovirus, Arenavirus, and Filovirus Infections Arbovirus (arthropod-borne virus) is defined as any virus that is transmitted to humans and/or other vertebrates by certain species of blood-feeding arthropods, mostly insects (flies and mosquitoes). (msdmanuals.com)
  • Yellow fever was first recognized in Angola in the 1930s, but not until 1971 and 1988 were sizeable outbreaks reported. (cdc.gov)
  • This finding reiterates the endemicity of yellow fever in Angola and emphasizes the need for consistent routine mass vaccination of the at-risk population to prevent future outbreaks. (cdc.gov)
  • Chikungunya often occurs in large outbreaks with high infection rates, affecting more than a third of the population in areas where the virus is circulating. (cdc.gov)
  • Yellow fever virus remains a concern with sporadic yellow fever outbreaks in South America," Hahn's team added. (nbcnews.com)
  • With the numerous ongoing health threats in 2016, CDC's Global Disease Detection Operations Center (GDDOC) housed in DGHP, tracked more than 300 outbreaks in 130 countries for more than 40 different diseases. (cdc.gov)
  • There is a limited global supply of yellow fever vaccine, as only a handful of manufacturers produce it, making the availability of vaccine during outbreaks a major challenge. (asm.org)
  • Recent yellow fever outbreaks have pushed the World Health Organization (WHO) to consider fractional doses to increase vaccine access and lower the potential of yellow fever to spread. (asm.org)
  • While this may seem like a simple and obvious solution for outbreaks like the one in Angola, there is a significant challenge: a yellow fever vaccine shortage. (asm.org)
  • These shortages have coincided with some of the largest yellow fever outbreaks in half a century. (vox.com)
  • BACKGROUND: Late relapsing hepatitis after yellow fever (LHep-YF) during the convalescent phase of the disease has been described during recent yellow fever (YF) outbreaks in Brazil. (stanford.edu)
  • Vertical transmission in Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus is considered a maintenance mechanism for dengue virus (DENV) during unfavorable conditions and may be implicated in dengue outbreaks. (nature.com)
  • Comparison of yellow fever predicted probability map with Yellow Fever Vaccination Recommendations map: counties in the upper probability classes correlated spatially with the recommended vaccination areas prior recent outbreaks. (unicef.org)
  • Yellow Fever outbreaks occur periodically in Africa and have occurred sporadically in South America. (iamat.org)
  • This has been highlighted by recently emerging viral epidemics and pandemics (Zika, SARS-CoV-2), and recurring viral outbreaks like the yellow fever outbreaks in Angola and the Democratic Republic of Congo (2016) and in Brazil (2016-2018). (pasteur.fr)
  • 2 Moreover, in previous outbreaks, Ebola virus infection had been noted to precipitate uveitis in a minority of survivors. (cehjournal.org)
  • epa05278988 A view through a microscope shows the Aedes aegypti mosquito, which transmits the virus Zika, at a laboratory at the National Institute of Health in Bogota, Colombia, 26 April 2016. (nbcnews.com)
  • The new map, compiled by experts at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, looks at all reports of the two species of mosquito that can transmit the virus: Aedes aegypti, also known as the yellow fever mosquito, and Aedes albopictus, or the Asian tiger mosquito. (nbcnews.com)
  • Of most concern is Aedes aegypti, a tropical mosquito that carries not only Zika, but yellow fever, dengue and chikungunya. (nbcnews.com)
  • Once the virus is imported into a metropolis that harbors the Aedes aegypti mosquito, it is a recipe for disaster. (asm.org)
  • It was estimated that given the widespread distribution of the Aedes aegypti mosquito to every continent , nearly 3 billion people were at risk of acquiring yellow fever infection. (asm.org)
  • aedes Yellow fever is the second most dangerous mosquito-borne disease after malaria. (factsanddetails.com)
  • Urban yellow fever is carried the " Aedes aegypti" mosquito. (factsanddetails.com)
  • Yellow fever is transmitted by Aedes aegypti mosquitos. (factsanddetails.com)
  • In 2007, scientists published the genome - a map of all the DNA - of the Aedes aegypti, the mosquito that carries yellow fever and dengue fever. (factsanddetails.com)
  • According to World Health Organization (W.H.O.), the aggressive daytime biting Aedes aegypti mosquito has transmitted the virus to over 29 countries. (dailynexus.com)
  • High efficiency of temperate Aedes albopictus to transmit chikungunya and dengue viruses in the Southeast of France. (medscape.com)
  • Aedes scapularis frequently carry the virus that causes yellow fever, but it's not yet clear whether it can transmit the virus to humans. (smithsonianmag.com)
  • The Pan American Health Organization (PAHO) brought attention to the epidemic by issuing an alert in Latin America, which is still battling the Aedes aegypti mosquito vector, still busy transmitting Zika and dengue viruses. (consumeraffairs.com)
  • GUBLER: Well, we were very successful in controlling Aedes aegypti, the principal factor of Zika and yellow fever and dengue and chikungunya. (kcur.org)
  • In addition, Aedes aegypti has repopulated large swaths of Central America, as well as the Caribbean coastal areas of the United States and most of Florida, allowing the potential reemergence of yellow fever in these areas. (medscape.com)
  • On 12 August 2016, Daniel R. Lucey, a ProMED mail consultant, wrote an open letter to Dr. Chan requesting that the WHO emergency committee be reconvened to consider a PHEIC because of the continued spread of the disease in Democratic Republic of the Congo, the lack of sufficient vaccine, and concern that it may be spreading into the Republic of the Congo. (wikipedia.org)
  • Dr McKimmie said: "One way to do this would be to develop a vaccine that generates neutralising antibodies that bind to these factors, and thereby stop them from working and helping the virus. (leeds.ac.uk)
  • In April 2017, for example, the US Center for Disease Control announced that the only licensed vaccine against yellow fever would no longer be available in the United States by the end of 2018. (mpg.de)
  • In a container of this size, the researchers will be able to produce enough viruses for several million doses of vaccine within just a few weeks. (mpg.de)
  • We do have a safe and effective vaccine against another flavivirus, yellow fever virus. (virology.ws)
  • The gathering of all stakeholders in the YF Sub-national risk analysis dissemination workshop was used as an opportunity to discuss and resolve potential concerns with the yellow fever vaccine introduction and to decide on the next actions to better fight yellow fever in Ethiopia. (who.int)
  • The yellow fever virus itself cannot be eradicated, but we can stop the epidemics using Yellow Fever vaccine. (who.int)
  • After recently writing an article titled ' History of Yellow Fever in the United States ,' I spoke with Dr. Derick Kimathi , a clinical researcher at the Kenya Medical Research Institute-Wellcome Trust Research Programme (KEMRI-Wellcome Trust) who is investigating the safety and efficacy of using smaller doses of yellow fever vaccine to induce similar immunologic protection as standard doses (also known as fractional dosing). (asm.org)
  • There is no specific treatment for yellow fever, but there is a vaccine that is highly effective and offers lifelong protection after just one dose . (asm.org)
  • The shortage was so severe during the 2015-2017 outbreak that the allotted global stockpile of yellow fever vaccine (6 million doses) was depleted numerous times . (asm.org)
  • Yellow fever vaccine is still produced by the original methods used by Dr. Max Theiler and his team when they developed the vaccine in the 1930s-growing the virus in eggs repeatedly until a viral load is reached that is considered acceptable for administration. (asm.org)
  • This is a slow, tedious process yielding 100-300 doses per egg , and there are only 4 major yellow fever vaccine manufacturers in the world. (asm.org)
  • Interestingly, while WHO recommends a potency of 1,000 International Units (IUs) for a full dose of yellow fever vaccine, the actual potency is variable and ranges from about 13,000 to nearly 44,000 IUs per dose . (asm.org)
  • All cases identified by Geosentinal and other authorities reported to date have occurred in unvaccinated travelers .Vaccine is the best way to prevent yellow fever. (cdc.gov)
  • Right now the one U.S. license yellow fever vaccine yfvax is out of stock. (cdc.gov)
  • A global uptick in yellow fever cases is coinciding with a vaccine shortage. (vox.com)
  • There's no cure for yellow fever, but there is a vaccine , and it's highly effective. (vox.com)
  • At a time when global yellow fever vaccine supplies are diminished, an epidemic in a densely populated city could have substantial health and economic consequences," the researchers warned. (vox.com)
  • Because right now the world does not have enough yellow fever vaccine to handle a big outbreak. (npr.org)
  • Vaccine is key to stopping yellow fever," he says. (npr.org)
  • Unfortunately there aren't a lot of companies that manufacture yellow fever vaccine. (npr.org)
  • Basically, the markets [for yellow fever vaccine] are poor countries in Africa and some countries in Latin America. (npr.org)
  • Between July 2016 and June 2018, over 700 people died from the hemorrhagic viral disease during the historic outbreak that recorded over 2,100 cases, triggering massive vaccination campaigns and threatening the vaccine stockpile. (unicef.org)
  • Development of a real-time RT-PCR assay for the global differentiation of yellow fever virus vaccine adverse events from natural infections. (cdc.gov)
  • Although a yellow fever vaccine has been available since the 1930s, the disease continues to afflict 200,000 people a year, a third of whom die, mostly in West Africa. (factsanddetails.com)
  • Yellow Fever is a vaccine preventable disease. (iamat.org)
  • Children under 6 months of age, persons with immune deficiencies or on immunosuppressive or immunomodulatory therapies, persons with allergies to egg proteins, thymus disorders, malignant neoplasms, transplant recipients, and persons with symptomatic HIV infection should not get the Yellow Fever vaccine. (iamat.org)
  • With yellow fever circling São Paulo , these imagined ramifications have taken on a tangible veneer, and the fight to keep yellow fever out of Brazil's large urban centers illustrates the importance of global vaccine stockpiles in preventing epidemics from taking hold. (harvard.edu)
  • To stop the spread, Brazil increased its production of yellow fever vaccines and, in early 2017, also requested and received 3.5 million doses of the vaccine from the International Coordinating Group (ICG), which manages the global emergency stockpile of yellow fever vaccines. (harvard.edu)
  • A vaccine tries to create an inert substance that cannot propagate that will then activate appropriate cells against the virus and hopefully intercept it at the correct point in its cycle," Duane Sears, immunology professor in the Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology Department, said. (dailynexus.com)
  • Presumably, the virus is affecting something in the neural tissue development in the brain and knowing how it gets there is going to be the key so [the vaccine] can intervene the process by targeting the structure in the virus that is critical for transfer for one place to another," Sears said. (dailynexus.com)
  • In a retrospective analysis of patients with yellow fever vaccine-associated viscerotropic disease accompanied by shock, 75% of those treated with stress-dose steroids survived, compared with 29% of those not treated with stress-dose steroids. (medscape.com)
  • After a vaccine was developed in the 1930s, yellow fever was mostly eliminated throughout the world. (consumeraffairs.com)
  • In order to prevent ADE when creating a vaccine, it's crucial for scientists to have a detailed understanding of how antibodies stick to a specific virus. (news-medical.net)
  • Here we describe a robust, objective, and scalable Fluorescence Reduction Neutralisation Test (FluoRNT) for yellow fever virus, relying on flow cytometric detection of cells infected with a fluorescent Venus reporter containing variant of the yellow fever vaccine strain 17D (YF-17D-Venus). (pasteur.fr)
  • 2016 data are reported through June 30, 2017. (cdc.gov)
  • The Ending Yellow fever Elimination (EYE) Strategy was developed in 2017 by a coalition of partners (Gavi, UNICEF and WHO) following the major outbreak of yellow fever in Angola in 2016. (who.int)
  • Thank you Karen and thank you all for joining us on the current outbreak of yellow fever in Brazil and the release of a new CDC Morbidity and Mortality Weekly report which describes 10 cases of Yellow Fever in unvaccinated travelers to Brazil in the first months of 2018. (cdc.gov)
  • In just the first few months of 2018, at least ten unvaccinated travelers from Europe and South America contracted Yellow fever in Brazil and other possible cases are under investigation. (cdc.gov)
  • The work was presented in November 2018 at a workshop conveyed by PAHO in Brasilia on "Data Modeling Applied to Yellow Fever", which brought together PAHO, UNICEF, the Brazilian Ministry of Health, as well as researchers from Imperial College London, University of Minnesota, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (Fiocruz), and the University of Surrey. (unicef.org)
  • Map showing the yellow fever distribution and areas of risk in Brazil, as of January 16th, 2018. (harvard.edu)
  • Our research suggests that blocking sialokinin may be an exciting new approach that prevents severe disease following infection with numerous distinct viruses. (leeds.ac.uk)
  • Crucially, we show that their saliva, which cannot cause leaky blood vessels and cannot enhance infection of virus in mammalian host, does not contain sialokinin. (leeds.ac.uk)
  • "Mosquito saliva enhances virus infection through sialokinin-dependent vascular leakage" is published in PNAS journal on 8 June 2022, 8pm UK time. (leeds.ac.uk)
  • The envelope (E) glycoprotein, embedded in the membrane, allows attachment of the virus particle to the host cell receptor to initiate infection. (virology.ws)
  • Thousands of travelers from Latin America and the Caribbean have already come back infected - hundreds of those cases have been documented - and if a mosquito bites someone with an active infection, it could potentially carry the virus to someone else. (nbcnews.com)
  • Hepatitis E virus (HEV), an important agent of viral hepatitis worldwide, can cause severe courses of infection in pregnant women and immunosuppressed patients. (mdpi.com)
  • In vitro studies reveal these cytokines lead to shock and increased vascular permeability, the basic pathophysiologic processes most often seen in viral hemorrhagic fever infection. (medscape.com)
  • Acute kidney injury with oliguria is a prominent feature of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) seen in Hantavirus infection and may be seen in other VHFs as intravascular volume depletion becomes more pronounced. (medscape.com)
  • Vaccination is the primary intervention used to curb influenza virus infection, and the WHO recommends immunization for at-risk individuals to mitigate disease. (mdpi.com)
  • Since DENV infection dynamics vary among wild-type viruses and vector populations, vertical transmission rates can also vary between regions. (nature.com)
  • Transfusion-Transmitted Cache Valley Virus Infection in a Kidney Transplant Recipient with Meningoencephalitis. (cdc.gov)
  • Yellow Fever is a viral infection caused by RNA viruses belonging to the Flavivirus genus. (iamat.org)
  • Therefore, both basic infection research and diagnostic population screenings would benefit from improved methods to determine virus-neutralising activity in patient samples. (pasteur.fr)
  • Survivors of Ebola virus infection may present late with a spectrum of ocular manifestations, ranging from mild retinal scarring to complete bilateral blindness resulting from tractional retinal detachment, cataract and glaucoma secondary to intraocular inflammation. (cehjournal.org)
  • The role of antiviral drugs in eliminating intraocular infection with Ebola virus is currently being evaluated. (cehjournal.org)
  • OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the accuracy of yellow fever (YF) suspected case definitions from the Brazilian Ministry of Health (BMH) and World Health Organization (WHO), as well as propose and evaluate new definitions of suspected cases, considering confirmed and discarded cases. (bvsalud.org)
  • Training materials included the World Health Organization district guidelines for yellow fever surveillance. (bvsalud.org)
  • The initially localized outbreak in Angola developed into the biggest and most widespread yellow fever epidemic recorded in Africa for decades. (cdc.gov)
  • Sequencing and phylogenetic analysis indicate that the outbreak virus is highly similar to that identified during the epidemic in Angola in 1971. (cdc.gov)
  • For example, thousands of people became infected with the disease in 2016 during a yellow fever epidemic in Angola and the Congo. (mpg.de)
  • Zika (ZIKV) virus epidemic is advancing in Latin America. (atmire.com)
  • The first yellow fever epidemic was reported in 1648, according to JAMA . (vox.com)
  • However, beginning in December of 2016, Brazil suffered a massive epidemic that affected coastal areas where yellow fever had not been registered for decades. (unicef.org)
  • And it was so successful that it actually prevented epidemic yellow fever, and it also prevented epidemic dengue, so that during the 1960s and the end of the '70s, dengue was not even known in that part of the world. (kcur.org)
  • On 20 June, the health minister declared the outbreak of yellow fever in three provinces, including the capital of DR Congo, Kinshasa. (wikipedia.org)
  • A family is vaccinated against yellow fever at an outpatient clinic in Sao Paulo, Brazil, where an large outbreak of yellow fever began in 2016. (vox.com)
  • Two Georgetown University professors say the outbreak of yellow fever around the world, which so far has spread without much notice, is becoming the world's newest health emergency. (consumeraffairs.com)
  • The virus circulating in Brazil is an Asian genotype, possibly imported during the World Cup of 2014. (virology.ws)
  • We're here to talk about the yellow fever outbreak in Brazil which is an important public health issue and one that has the potential to affect U.S.travelers. (cdc.gov)
  • In light of this expanding outbreak we've updated advice to travelers , should not go to yellow fever hot spots in Brazil unless they're vaccinated. (cdc.gov)
  • Health officials in Brazil recently confirmed more than 920 cases of Yellow fever including more than 300 deaths, during this outbreak that began late 2016. (cdc.gov)
  • The MMWR that was released here this morning describes yellow fever cases in travelers to Brazil including those reported to Geosentinel, this is a global surveillance system for travel related illness among international travelers and migrants. (cdc.gov)
  • As Brazil battles the biggest yellow fever outbreak in modern times , researchers are warning of the risk of the virus spreading internationally. (vox.com)
  • For two years, I led an international NIH R01 project investigating the dynamics of the biggest YF outbreak in Brazil, including the description of a new syndrome, Late-relapsing hepatitis after yellow fever (DOI 10.3390/v12020222), and risk factors for severe YF. (stanford.edu)
  • Brazil is not a novice when it comes to yellow fever. (harvard.edu)
  • The December 2016 yellow fever outbreak in Brazil changed this pattern, with the disease re-emerging in parts of the country that do not conduct routine vaccination as shown in the map below. (harvard.edu)
  • Yellow fever moved east and south, inching towards large coastal metropolitan areas including São Paulo and Rio de Janeiro, the two largest cities in Brazil. (harvard.edu)
  • Before December 2016, coastal areas in the southeast region of Brazil, extending from the states of São Paulo to Espirito Santo, were not considered at risk for yellow fever transmission. (harvard.edu)
  • Since the outbreak, however, that has changed and yellow fever vaccination is now universally recommended in Brazil. (harvard.edu)
  • All people in the United States affected by the virus have traveled to Brazil or another affected area, or have had sexual contact with someone who was infected. (dailynexus.com)
  • University of Florida entomologist Lawrence Reeves tells NPR 's Greg Allen that the same species in Brazil has been found carrying "things like Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus, yellow fever virus and a handful of others. (smithsonianmag.com)
  • Genomes reveal yellow fever's deadly route through Brazil. (bvsalud.org)
  • As many as 130,000 cases with fever and jaundice or hemorrhage may occur annually with a concomitant 78,000 deaths. (cdc.gov)
  • Patients develop the jaundice that gives yellow fever its name. (npr.org)
  • Yellow fever victims often suffer from jaundice (a liver disease that yellows the skin), hence the name yellow fever. (factsanddetails.com)
  • Yellow fever disease is a viral hemorrhagic fever named after the jaundice (yellowing of the skin and eyes) that occurs in some of those infected. (harvard.edu)
  • The Uganda Virus Research Institute (Entebbe, Uganda) collaborated with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC, Fort Collins, CO, USA) to confirm the presence of YFV RNA in human clinical samples and determine the molecular epidemiology of virus causing the Uganda outbreak. (cdc.gov)
  • A low capacity for yellow fever diagnosis and lack of surveillance in disease-endemic countries likely contribute to case underreporting. (cdc.gov)
  • Taken together, these viruses account for almost 100 million cases of mosquito-borne disease per year. (cdc.gov)
  • dengue, which can develop into the potentially fatal disease dengue fever, and Zika, which caused a global medical emergency in 2016. (leeds.ac.uk)
  • The most common symptoms are a debilitating fever and headache, but more serious disease can occur and some infections prove fatal. (leeds.ac.uk)
  • Although these biosensors are currently among the less popular tools for human disease detection, they have become useful tools for the screening and detection of pathogenic bacteria, fungi, and viruses because of their versatile advantageous features compared to other sensing devices. (frontiersin.org)
  • Meet Hajar el Hamss, current PhD student at NRI whose work focuses on the interactions between whitefly, the bacteria inside whitefly, and a virus causing a devastating disease affecting the tropical. (nri.org)
  • The world is in danger of running out of vaccines for a deadly disease: yellow fever. (npr.org)
  • You first feel a little achy and then there is a sudden onset of fever, the malaise and then there's these headaches," says Ilhem Messaoudi , an infectious disease specialist at the University of California, Riverside. (npr.org)
  • Yellow fever is a forgotten disease," he says. (npr.org)
  • These highly infectious viruses lead to a potentially lethal disease syndrome characterized by fever, malaise, vomiting, mucosal and gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding, edema, and hypotension. (medscape.com)
  • The image below depicts palatal petechiae and hemorrhage in a patient with Ebola virus disease (EVD). (medscape.com)
  • Filovirus disease - Ebola fever. (medscape.com)
  • I was also involved in other projects regarding SARS-CoV-2 variants and disease severity in infants (DOI 10.3389/fmed.2022.896352), Rift Valley fever virus epidemiology in humans and animals in Kenya (DOI 10.1371/journal.pgph.0000505), and dengue virus evolution in Africa (ongoing Ph.D. candidate mentorship). (stanford.edu)
  • Influenza-virus-mediated disease can be associated with high levels of morbidity and mortality, particularly in younger children and older adults. (mdpi.com)
  • Yellow fever is an endemic disease in Africa and the Americas. (unicef.org)
  • This means the disease is transmitted to humans via mosquito vectors in tropical forested environments where virus persists between monkeys and tree-dwelling mosquitos. (unicef.org)
  • Yellow fever risk assessment using these factors is key to designing vaccination and other intervention campaigns aimed at reducing the burden of the disease. (unicef.org)
  • Jungle yellow fever is an enzootic disease transmitted among nonhuman primate hosts by a variety of species of mosquitos. (factsanddetails.com)
  • Yellow Fever sometimes picked by mosquitos from monkeys that carry the disease with no ill effects. (factsanddetails.com)
  • In the 2000s, there were around 200,000 new cases of yellow fever and 20,000 to 30,000 deaths attributed to the disease each years. (factsanddetails.com)
  • Renowned U.S. Army pathologist Walter Reed discovered the cause of yellow fever during an outbreak of the disease during the Spanish American war in Cuba. (factsanddetails.com)
  • According to the latest guidance from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), yellow fever is "a very rare cause of illness" in U.S. travelers. (consumeraffairs.com)
  • 1 On becoming severely ill with signs of having contracted Ebola virus disease (EVD), the doctor was evacuated to an isolation facility in the United States for supportive care, where he eventually recovered. (cehjournal.org)
  • Ocular complications form part of post-Ebola virus disease syndrome, which also includes symptoms of joint and muscle pain and sometimes neurological problems. (cehjournal.org)
  • 6. According to the Centers for Disease Control, an unusual characteristic of this virus was the high death rate it caused among healthy adults 15 to 34 years of age. (thegospelcoalition.org)
  • while hepatitis E virus (HEV) is a waterborne disease that is transmitted through the fecal-oral route. (bvsalud.org)
  • Chikungunya disease usually presents with acute fever. (msdmanuals.com)
  • In this account, the authors provide laboratory confirmation that the first suspected viral hemorrhagic fever cases in Angola were yellow fever virus infections and reported preliminary sequencing data. (cdc.gov)
  • This list incorporates the Council of State and Territorial Epidemiologists (CSTE) position statements approved in 2015 by CSTE for national surveillance, that were implemented in January 2016, including updated surveillance case definitions for acute hepatitis C and chronic hepatitis C virus infections. (cdc.gov)
  • By 2016, Angola reported more than 4,000 suspected infections (884 confirmed) and 376 suspected deaths (121 confirmed) from yellow fever . (asm.org)
  • None of the travelers had been immunized for yellow fever prior to their trips, and many cases involved infections on Ilha Grande, an island off the coast of Rio de Janeiro that's popular with tourists. (vox.com)
  • In theory, that should reduce transmission of a virus, with a consequent reduction in infections or deaths, he said. (healthline.com)
  • By 2 September 2016, WHO announced there had been no new cases in either Angola or DR Congo in over a month due to a massive vaccination campaign. (wikipedia.org)
  • The identification of the outbreak prompted cordon vaccination in Luanda in February 2016, followed by mass vaccination in other areas. (cdc.gov)
  • The global community needs to carefully reexamine existing yellow fever travel vaccination policies and practices to prevent urban epidemics. (vox.com)
  • Note that some countries require proof of Yellow Fever vaccination for entry (see list below). (iamat.org)
  • Mass vaccination and mosquito eradication efforts in the 1930s and 40s eliminated urban transmission of the virus and kept it out of most of the country's coast, where large urban centers are located. (harvard.edu)
  • The ICG's main role is to provide emergency vaccines to countries experiencing epidemics of meningitis, yellow fever (since 2001), and cholera (since 2013), though the organization also provides syringes, medication, and support in the design and planning of vaccination campaigns. (harvard.edu)
  • Yellow fever vaccination is one of the main methods of primary prevention. (bvsalud.org)
  • In a little over a month, 23 additional cases of yellow fever were reported among Eritrean and Congolese citizens living in Luanda , 7 of whom died from their illness. (asm.org)
  • But 15 percent of patients experience a much more severe second phase of the illness, which brings high fever, yellowing of the skin and eyes, internal bleeding, and organ failure. (vox.com)
  • It's in the same family of viruses-called flaviviruses-that can cause the mosquito-borne diseases dengue, yellow fever, or West Nile illness. (nih.gov)
  • Reassortant Cache Valley virus associated with acute febrile, non-neurologic illness, Missouri. (cdc.gov)
  • In mid-January, immediately after returning to the United States from a 10-day trip to the Caribbean, a man developed illness with fever, arthralgia, bilateral conjunctivitis, and a maculopapular, pruritic rash. (medscape.com)
  • To prevent human-to-mosquito-to-human transmission, persons infected with Zika, dengue, or chikungunya virus should protect themselves from mosquito exposure during the first week of illness. (cdc.gov)
  • As of 2016, the illness cannot be prevented by medications or vaccines. (retinagrouppc.com)
  • The virus can then infect a feeding mosquito during the initial 3-4 days of the illness. (medscape.com)
  • On January 14, 2016, the authors received whole blood samples from 3 patients who resided in Luanda, Angola, and were suspected of having viral hemorrhagic fever. (cdc.gov)
  • The primary defect in patients with viral hemorrhagic fever (VHF) is that of increased vascular permeability. (medscape.com)
  • 140th session and input from a broad online consultation held in late 2016. (who.int)
  • Symptoms can include fever, rash, and joint pain. (nih.gov)
  • Those with symptoms get ill between 3 to 6 days after exposure to the virus. (iamat.org)
  • Infected individuals exhibit relatively mild symptoms including fever, muscle pain, red eyes and skin rash. (dailynexus.com)
  • Take dengue - sometimes known as "break-bone fever", which gives you some idea of its symptoms - which has exploded over the past few decades. (channelnewsasia.com)
  • Symptoms most commonly include skin rash, mild fever, conjunctivitis, joint pain and swelling, as well as muscle pain. (who.int)
  • There are over three thousand species of mosquitos, but only a few dozen transmit viruses to humans. (townhall.com)
  • the vectors that transmit the virus are not present or active where she lives, based on the location and current temperatures. (medscape.com)
  • Molecular analyses determined the Uganda yellow fever outbreak was distinct from the concurrent yellow fever outbreak in Angola, improving our understanding of yellow fever epidemiology. (cdc.gov)
  • In December 2015, a yellow fever outbreak was identified in Luanda, Angola ( 3 ). (cdc.gov)
  • A rapid increase in the number of cases was observed in January 2016, and the outbreak subsequently spread to other areas of Angola and neighboring Democratic Republic of the Congo ( 4 ). (cdc.gov)
  • On 20 January 2016, the health minister of Angola reported 23 cases of yellow fever with 7 deaths among Eritrean and Congolese citizens living in Angola in Viana municipality, a suburb of the capital of Luanda. (wikipedia.org)
  • A preliminary finding that the strain of the yellow fever virus was closely related to a strain identified in a 1971 outbreak in Angola was confirmed in August 2016. (wikipedia.org)
  • As of 9 March 2016, the WHO reported that there were 65 confirmed cases, 813 suspected cases, and 138 deaths in Angola. (wikipedia.org)
  • On 22 March 2016, the WHO was notified of 21 deaths from yellow fever in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, some in a province that borders Angola. (wikipedia.org)
  • As of July 1, 2016, a total of 3,552 suspected cases, including 875 laboratory-confirmed cases and 355 deaths, had been reported from all 18 provinces of Angola, with most cases occurring in Luanda Province. (cdc.gov)
  • I've been reading an abridged version of the October 2016 article, "Resurgence of Yellow Fever in Angola, 2015-2016. (cdc.gov)
  • To understand the significance of the yellow fever outbreak that started in Angola in Dec. 2015, one must first understand the capital city of Luanda. (asm.org)
  • Due to the amount of international travel in and out of Luanda, WHO deemed the outbreak in Angola of global concern in April 2016 . (asm.org)
  • Then in 2016, the virus showed up in urban areas of Angola and spread to the Democratic Republic of Congo as well as Uganda . (vox.com)
  • Yellow fever is spreading in Angola. (npr.org)
  • I'm worried that yellow fever could spread widely in Angola, and then spill over to the Democratic Republic of Congo, potentially Nigeria and other very populous areas in Africa. (npr.org)
  • In fact there've already been some cases of yellow fever imported to China during this Angola outbreak. (npr.org)
  • The first suspected cases of yellow fever were reported in individuals visiting Luanda from Eritrea . (asm.org)
  • The spread of yellow fever through large cities like Luanda and Kinshasa demonstrates precisely why the urban spread of yellow fever is so frightening. (asm.org)
  • The Angolan military administers yellow fever vaccines at a market in Luanda, the capital city. (npr.org)
  • Without the work of EYE partners, yellow fever has the potential to trigger large epidemics with international spread. (who.int)
  • The mosquito-borne virus was a dreaded killer in the United States through the early 1900s - sparking devastating epidemics in Philadelphia and New Orleans. (npr.org)
  • In the U.S., the city of New Orleans was devastated by yellow fever epidemics in the 19th century. (consumeraffairs.com)
  • The definition including individual with acute onset of fever, followed by elevation of ALT or AST greater than twice the reference value AND leukopenia OR thrombocytopenia presented high sensitivity (88.3%), specificity (62.9%), and the best accuracy (80.4%), as proposed in the model. (bvsalud.org)
  • Of the six species in the Ebolavirus (EBOV) genus, four infect humans, causing an acute haemorrhagic fever that is associated with very high case fatality. (cehjournal.org)
  • Called antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE), this happens when the antibodies stick to the outside of the virus without blocking its ability to infect cells, which can inadvertently help the virus infect more cells by allowing it to enter cells that the antibodies stick to. (news-medical.net)
  • To find antibodies that recognize flaviviruses, they used a piece of the outside of the virus, called the envelope domain III protein. (news-medical.net)
  • FluoRNT: A robust, efficient assay for the detection of neutralising antibodies against yellow fever virus 17D. (pasteur.fr)
  • Sera from suspected cases of yellow fever as well as contacts of yellow fever confirmed cases and imported dengue fever cases were tested for immunoglobulin M (IgM) antiyellow fever virus and anti-dengue virus (for IgM antibodies to yellow fever and dengue viruses) and by a specific real time RT-PCR (Bio-Rad) for yellow fever virus and dengue virus viral RNA detection. (bvsalud.org)
  • Although A. aegypti feeds almost exclusively on humans, A. albopictus feeds on humans as well as variety of other animals that are not susceptible to the virus and are not involved in transmission chains. (msdmanuals.com)
  • In July 2014, a Japanese traveller returning from Thailand was investigated for fever, headache, rash and conjunctivitis. (atmire.com)
  • There are currently no specific treatments or vaccines for dengue, Zika, and other potentially serious mosquito-borne viruses including Chikungunya, West Nile virus, Semliki Forest virus and Rift Valley fever virus. (leeds.ac.uk)
  • A team led by researchers from the Max Planck Institute for Dynamics of Complex Technical Systems in Magdeburg is developing methods with which viruses for vaccines can be replicated in significantly higher concentrations than before. (mpg.de)
  • Although yellow fever vaccines are largely considered to be safe adverse events which are sometimes life threatening can occur. (bvsalud.org)
  • Through a Dear Colleague Letter (DCL), the National Science Foundation (NSF) Division of Environmental Biology's Ecology and Evolution of Infectious Diseases (EEID) Program is accepting research proposals on Zika that address the ecological transmission dynamics of the virus. (nsf.gov)
  • It might seem strange to 'celebrate' the mosquito, given their role in the spread of many infectious diseases, such as yellow fever, West Nile Virus and. (nri.org)
  • There are more cases of imported yellow fever [from travelers] in the past two years than in the previous 20 years," said Duane Gubler , a leading researcher of mosquito-borne diseases at Duke-NUS Medical School. (vox.com)
  • Dengue fever and yellow fever are so closely related they are regarded as sister diseases. (factsanddetails.com)
  • Viral hemorrhagic fevers (VHFs) are a group of febrile illnesses caused by RNA viruses from several viral families. (medscape.com)
  • Viral hemorrhagic fevers (VHFs) are a group of illnesses caused by four families of viruses. (medlineplus.gov)
  • The test performance of the 25 laboratories in the Region in 2016 was high with 23 (92%) reporting correct results in all specimens for dengue and chikungunya viruses. (who.int)
  • The first cases (hemorrhagic fever suspected as being yellow fever) were reported in Eritrean visitors beginning on 5 December 2015 and confirmed by the Pasteur WHO reference laboratory in Dakar, Senegal in January. (wikipedia.org)
  • The virus causes yellow fever which, in severe cases, manifests as fulminant hemorrhagic fever. (cdc.gov)
  • This is why yellow fever is a hemorrhagic fever. (vox.com)
  • Patient with Ebola hemorrhagic fever during 1976 outbreak in Zaire demonstrating palatal petechiae and hemorrhage. (medscape.com)
  • Hemorrhagic fever viruses have an affinity for the vascular system, leading initially to signs such as flushing, conjunctival injection, and petechial hemorrhages, usually associated with fever and myalgias. (medscape.com)
  • Hepatic involvement varies with the infecting organism and is at times seen with Ebola, Marburg, RVF, Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF), and yellow fever. (medscape.com)
  • Dengue fever (breakbone fever, dengue hemorrhagic fever). (medscape.com)
  • The travel notice includes a map of the affected areas as well as information about yellow fever and our comprehensive advice for travelers including actions for mosquito bites. (cdc.gov)
  • There's also information there on the website about where travelers can get yellow fever. (cdc.gov)
  • Travelers have also taken the virus to other countries. (vox.com)
  • The researchers found that America was among a handful countries with a high volume of travelers - 2.76 million people - coming from places with yellow fever. (vox.com)
  • The purpose of this review is to provide a complete update of the various analytical methods for virus detection, such as molecular, immunological, sensor-based and other detection assays, along with the advantages and limitations of these strategies. (frontiersin.org)
  • There is mandated reporting to the WHO of all suspected or confirmed yellow fever cases within 24 hours of detection. (medscape.com)
  • Proficiency for molecular detection of dengue virus remained high (83-94%) over the four-year period. (who.int)
  • Serum specimens from the Uganda 2016 outbreak were determined to be YFV RNA-positive by real-time reverse transcription PCR at the Uganda Virus Research Institute, and CDC confirmed the results using a previously published method ( 6 ). (cdc.gov)
  • At this time cell lines were not available for studying viruses, so serum from the febrile monkey was inoculated intracerebrally into mice. (virology.ws)
  • Background : Nigeria is in the process of strengthening yellow fever case-based surveillance with the collection of serum samples among suspected case patients. (bvsalud.org)
  • Laboratory diagnosis consisted of testing for filoviruses, arenaviruses, and bunyaviruses, as well as for chikungunya and dengue viruses by using reverse transcription PCR. (cdc.gov)
  • 3 In addition, Flaviviridae such as Zika, Dengue and West Nile viruses, and Togaviridae such as Chikungunya also cause intraocular inflammation. (cehjournal.org)
  • YF virus, an arbovirus, is the type species for the family Flaviviridae and is a single, positive-stranded, enveloped RNA virus. (medscape.com)
  • An aqueous sample from the affected eye was sent for analysis, and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay demonstrated the presence of replicating Ebola virus. (cehjournal.org)
  • The finding of replicating Ebola virus in aqueous is not surprising: Marburg virus, a member of the same Filoviridae family (enveloped, filamentous virions with a negative sense RNA genome), had been isolated from the intraocular fluid of infected persons several years before. (cehjournal.org)
  • These include the Ebola and Marburg, Lassa fever, and yellow fever viruses. (medlineplus.gov)
  • By June 2016, the Ministry of Health of Uganda had reported 68 suspected yellow fever cases, of which 3 probable and 7 confirmed cases were in the Masaka, Rukungiri, and Kalangala districts ( 5 ). (cdc.gov)
  • On Tuesday, Florida Gov. Rick Scott announced that four new cases of Zika have been found in the Miami area and a new case of locally acquired Zika was detected in Tampa, bringing the number of nontravel-related cases of the virus to 43 in the United States. (militarytimes.com)
  • In 2016, we saw the most cases [of yellow fever] in decades," Gubler said. (vox.com)
  • That is, the 640 municipalities that have had yellow fever cases were all correctly recalled, and 31 yellow fever free counties were predicted to have cases. (unicef.org)
  • Reported cases of yellow fever in the Americas. (unicef.org)
  • Probability of yellow fever cases as predicted by the algorithm. (unicef.org)
  • The number of cases of yellow fever dropped from 1,400 cases in 1900 to 37 in 1901. (factsanddetails.com)
  • The first reported cases of yellow fever occurred in 1685, and the virus spread to most of the country in the mid 1800s. (harvard.edu)
  • Where the mosquito is, the virus is likely to follow: Sudan has reported dengue cases in the capital city for the first time, and France saw a chain of locally transmitted cases last summer. (channelnewsasia.com)
  • Of the 511 sera from suspected cases of yellow fever tested, 21 (4.1%) were confirmed positive for yellow fever virus antibody, while 33 (7.6%) of the 432 sera tested were positive for dengue virus antibody. (bvsalud.org)
  • The majority of the confirmed cases of yellow fever (85%) and dengue 3 fever (93%)were adults, and resided in the city of Abidjan and its regions. (bvsalud.org)
  • Yellow fever is a non-contagious viral haemorrhagic fever with an estimated 200 000 cases annually and a high fatality rate. (bvsalud.org)
  • At an emergency committee meeting in Geneva, Switzerland on 19 May 2016, the WHO declared that the outbreak was serious and might continue to spread, but decided not to declare a public health emergency of international concern (PHEIC). (wikipedia.org)
  • McConnell, speaking on the Senate floor, said there was an increasing amount of concern about the virus as warmer months approach, and 'I think we could all benefit from having a better understanding of what preparations are being made to protect Americans'…" (Cornwell, 2/3). (kff.org)
  • W.H.O. has declared it a "public health emergency of international concern" and has suggested pregnant women not travel to countries already affected by the virus. (dailynexus.com)