2001 nuclear proteins. Medical search. Frequent questions

Consistent with this finding, core components of EJC (eIF4AIII, Barentsz, Tsunagi, and Mago nashi) are critical for oskar mRNA localization ( Hachet and Ephrussi, 2001 , 2004 ). (frontiersin.org)
Phosphorylation-resistant site mutations in PIF7 result in increased nuclear localization and shade-induced gene expression, and consequently augment hypocotyl elongation. (elifesciences.org)
Blocking the interaction between PIF7 and 14-3-3 proteins or reducing the expression of 14-3-3 proteins accelerates shade-induced nuclear localization and de-phosphorylation of PIF7, and enhances the shade phenotype. (elifesciences.org)
These studies have revealed that 14-3-3 proteins can interact with the phosphorylated forms of their client proteins in response to certain signals, and that this binding finalizes the signaling event by enabling a change in the subcellular localization, protein stability or intrinsic enzymatic activity of the client, or by promoting an association between the client and other proteins. (elifesciences.org)
TDP-43 is a highly conserved, ubiquitously expressed, multifunctional nucleic acid-binding protein composed of two RNA recognition motifs (RRM), nuclear localization (NLS) and export signals (NES), and a carboxy-terminal glycine rich region. (nature.com)
To identify the domains essential for virion incorporation and nuclear localization, site-directed mutations were introduced into the vpx gene of SIVsmPBj1.9 and functionally analyzed. (duke.edu)
and (iv) a mutation at E30 (predicted to disrupt an N-terminal alpha-helix) had no effect on either virion incorporation or nuclear localization of Vpx. (duke.edu)
Importantly, mutations in Vpx which impaired nuclear localization also reduced virus replication in macaque macrophages, suggesting an important role of the carboxyl terminus of Vpx in nuclear translocation of the viral preintegration complex. (duke.edu)
Taken together, these results indicate that virion incorporation and nuclear localization are encoded by two partially overlapping domains in the C-terminus of Vpx (aa 60 to 112). (duke.edu)
LOC1 codes for a novel protein that recognizes double-stranded RNA structures and is required for efficient localization of ASH1 mRNA. (elsevierpure.com)
Surprisingly, Loc1p was found to be strictly nuclear, unlike other known RNA-binding proteins involved in mRNA localization which shuttle between the nucleus and the cytoplasm. (elsevierpure.com)
We propose that efficient cytoplasmic ASH1 mRNA localization requires a previous interaction with specific nuclear factors. (elsevierpure.com)
The nuclear localization sequences of the BRCA1 protein interact with the importin-alpha subunit of the nuclear transport signal receptor. (xenbase.org)

Since the outer nuclear membrane is continuous with the endoplasmic reticulum it is possible that the inner nuclear membrane proteins are translated on the rough endoplasmic reticulum, whereby the proteins move into the nucleus by lateral diffusion through a nuclear pore. (wikipedia.org)
Analyzing this domain in greater detail, we identified a 26-amino-acid (aa 60 to 85) fragment that was sufficient to mediate the transport of a heterologous protein (green fluorescent protein [GFP]) to the nucleus. (duke.edu)
Researchers suspect that DNA repair proteins may be unable to enter the nucleus if ALADIN is missing from the nuclear envelope. (medlineplus.gov)
The heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein (hnRNP) C proteins, among the most abundant pre-mRNA-binding proteins in the eukaryotic nucleus, have a single RNP motif RNA-binding domain. (korea.ac.kr)
Proteins found in the nucleus of a cell. (uams.edu)
Do not confuse with NUCLEOPROTEINS which are proteins conjugated with nucleic acids, that are not necessarily present in the nucleus. (uams.edu)
Due to the substantial progress in elucidation of the structure of the nuclear membrane and pore complex, recently novel autoantigens localised within the nucleus and the nuclear envelope have been investigated in more detail. (openrheumatologyjournal.com)
Here, we report that the guanine nucleotide-binding protein (G protein)-coupled receptor-activated WD-repeat Gβ interacts with the glucocorticoid receptor (GR), comigrates with it into the nucleus and suppresses GR-induced transactivation of the glucocorticoid-responsive genes. (rupress.org)
Both endogenous and enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP)-fused Gβ2 and Gγ2 proteins were detected in the nucleus at baseline, whereas a fraction of EGFP-Gβ2 and DsRed2-GR comigrated to the nucleus or the plasma membrane, depending on the exposure of cells to dexamethasone or somatostatin, respectively. (rupress.org)
However, an animal created through this technique would not be a precise genetic copy of the source of its nuclear DNA because each clone derives a small amount of its DNA from the mitochondria of the egg (which lie outside the nucleus) rather than from the donor of cell nucleus. (who.int)

Thus, the nuclear scaffold places limits on what genes can and can not be expressed within a given cell and, hence, may serve a basis for cell identity. (wikipedia.org)
Extensive evidence has revealed that the core clock machinery involves "clock genes" and "clock proteins" functioning as molecular cogs. (bioone.org)
PB2 genes (viral ribonucleoproteins [RNPs]) and are most- encoded protein sequences have not been extensively ly located in the functional domains related to RNP-RNP reported. (cdc.gov)
Alternative splicing is the primary mechanism by which a limited number of protein-coding genes can generate proteome diversity. (biologists.com)
As the genomes of different organisms are sequenced and annotated it is becoming apparent that the complexity of an organism does not depend on the total number of protein-coding genes. (biologists.com)
2) lilli mutation strongly suppresses the rough eye phenotype of ectopically expressed phyllopod (Tang, 2001), and (3) lilli was identified in a screen for genes that enhance the embryonic lethal phenotype of dpp alleles (Su, 2001). (sdbonline.org)
These mutant phenotypes correlate with markedly reduced expression of the early zygotic genes serendipity alpha , fushi tarazu and huckebein , which are essential for cellularization and embryonic patterning (Tang, 2001). (sdbonline.org)
The conserved family of Transcription Intermediary Factors (TIF1) proteins consists of key transcriptional regulators that control transcription of target genes by modulating chromatin state. (elifesciences.org)
Scientists were initially interested in somatic-cell nuclear transfer as a means of determining whether genes remain functional even after most of them have been switched off as the cells in a developing organism assume their specialized functions as blood cells, muscle cells, and so forth. (who.int)

Cameroon from January 1999 to April 2001. (cdc.gov)

other mutations involving the FMR1 gene can cause FXS if they prevent production or alter functional domains of the encoded protein, the fragile X mental retardation protein (FMRP) ( O'Donnell and Warren, 2002 ). (jneurosci.org)

Deleterious, protein-altering variants in the transcriptional coregulator ZMYM3 in 27 individuals with a neurodevelopmental delay phenotype. (uams.edu)
Due to the role of oncogenic transcriptional activators NFĸB and STAT3 in survivin protein expression, and APE1/Ref-1 redox activity regulating their transcriptional activity, we assessed selective inhibition of APE1/Ref-1's redox function as a novel method to halt prostate cancer cell growth and survival. (oncotarget.com)
Inhibition of APE1/Ref-1 redox function significantly reduced NFĸB transcriptional activity, survivin mRNA and survivin protein levels. (oncotarget.com)
see RTKRas/MAP kinase signaling ), LIN-12 (see LIN-12/Notch signaling in C. elegans ), and WNT (see Wnt signaling ), as well as the functions of the SynMuv and mediator proteins (see Transcriptional regulation ). (wormbook.org)

Through this interaction, mRNAs and their associative proteins form messenger ribonucleoprotein particles (mRNPs) that are actively transported along the cytoskeleton to intracellular destinations. (frontiersin.org)

Among the few well-characterized INM proteins are lamin B receptor (LBR), lamina-associated polypeptide 1 (LAP1), lamina-associated polypeptide-2 (LAP2), emerin and MAN1. (wikipedia.org)

The experimental approach we described should be generally applicable for the screening and identification of amino acids that play a role in the binding of proteins to nucleic acid substrates. (korea.ac.kr)

The 14-3-3 proteins are highly conserved in all eukaryotes. (elifesciences.org)

PIF7 interacts with 14-3-3 proteins. (elifesciences.org)
The X-linked tumor suppressor TSPX interacts and promotes degradation of the hepatitis B viral protein HBx via the proteasome pathway PLoS One. (usc.edu)
Modified FANCD2 interacts with BRCA2 PROTEIN in a stable complex with CHROMATIN, and it is involved in DNA REPAIR by homologous RECOMBINATION. (bvsalud.org)

Such proteins could include enzymes that modify histones-such as methylases and acetylases-which act to alter the three-dimensional conformation of chromatin, as well as DNA binding proteins-such as helicases, gyrases, and transcription factors-that are involved in unwinding/looping DNA and/or recruiting RNAP holoenzyme. (wikipedia.org)
Instead, TWHF partially inhibited DNA binding capacity of cytokine-stimulated activating protein-1 (AP-1) and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) transcription factors. (aspetjournals.org)
Apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease 1/redox effector factor 1 (APE1/Ref-1) is a multifunctional protein that is essential in activating oncogenic transcription factors. (oncotarget.com)

Inner nuclear membrane proteins (INM proteins) are membrane proteins that are embedded in or associated with the inner membrane of the nuclear envelope. (wikipedia.org)
Several integral nuclear membrane proteins of different size and structure have been identified. (wikipedia.org)
Such inner-nuclear-membrane proteins (INMs) may function simply by restricting the movement of bound chromatin, by recruiting chromatin-remodeling proteins, or through inherent enzyme activity. (wikipedia.org)
Ankyrins link integral membrane proteins to the spectrin-based membrane skeleton. (dana-farber.org)
This indicates that AE1 and probably other integral membrane proteins have a 'lipid-anchoring' function. (dana-farber.org)
In the following, we refer to pump of halophilic archaebacteria, has become the these as the extracellular (EC) channel and the paradigm of membrane proteins in general and ion cytoplasmic (CP) channel. (lu.se)

in the cytoplasm, the cytoplasmic ER, or the outer nuclear membrane. (wikipedia.org)
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a systemic autoimmune disease which is classically characterised by a variety of autoantibodies to deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), ribonucleic acid (RNA), other nuclear and cytoplasmic antigens. (openrheumatologyjournal.com)
NFKB1 appears to have dual functions such as cytoplasmic retention of attached NF-kappa-B proteins by p105 and generation of p50 by a cotranslational processing. (hmdb.ca)

There are several proteins associated with the inner nuclear membrane. (wikipedia.org)

It is likely that the majority of them are also associated with the nuclear lamina. (wikipedia.org)
Some may interact directly with the nuclear lamina, and some may be associated with it through scaffold proteins. (wikipedia.org)
In this model, proteins diffuse freely from the ER to the inner nuclear membrane, where association with nuclear lamina or chromatin immobilizes them. (wikipedia.org)
2 ] differentiate the nuclear envelope (NE) into five regions, the outer nuclear membrane (ONM), an inter membrane space, the inner nuclear membrane (INM), the underlying nuclear lamina and the nuclear pore complex (NPC). (openrheumatologyjournal.com)

Lamins and chromatin found at the nuclear envelope are organised with the assistance of proteins embedded in the INM. (wikipedia.org)
It has been proposed that chromatin-binding/modifying proteins embedded within the inner nuclear membrane may be central in determining the identity of newly differentiated cells. (wikipedia.org)
The nucleoplasmic domains of such proteins can interact with chromatin to create a scaffold and restrict the conformation of chromosomes within three dimensions. (wikipedia.org)
Once INM:chromatin interactions have been established following formation of the nuclear envelope, soluble nuclear proteins may bind to exposed chromosomal segments. (wikipedia.org)
These characteristics correlate with a distinct nuclear architecture, epigenetic signatures enriched for active chromatin marks and hyperdynamic binding of structural chromatin proteins. (biomedcentral.com)
Recently, several chromatin-related proteins have been shown to regulate ESC pluripotency and/or differentiation, yet the role of the major heterochromatin proteins in pluripotency is unknown. (biomedcentral.com)

Current opinion is that INM proteins synthesised in the cytoplasm are transported to the INM through nuclear pore complexes (NPC). (wikipedia.org)
These studies demonstrate a phosphorylation-dependent translocation of PIF7 when plants are in shade and a novel mechanism involving 14-3-3 proteins, mediated by the retention of PIF7 in the cytoplasm that suppresses the shade response. (elifesciences.org)
The nuclear pore complex (NPC) serves as the sole gate between the nucleoplasm and the cytoplasm and contains several different nuclear pore proteins such as nucleoporin p62. (openrheumatologyjournal.com)

The lilli gene encodes a nuclear protein related to the AF4/FMR2 family. (sdbonline.org)

these include the LIM domain protein LIN-11 , the Pax2/5/8 protein EGL-38 , the zinc finger protein LIN-29 , and the Nkx6.1/6.2 protein COG-1. (wormbook.org)

and help to repress gene expression, both by tethering specific genomic regions to the nuclear periphery, and by interaction with histone deacetylase (HDAC) 3. (wikipedia.org)
We also identified three mutations in the leucine-rich C1-C1 interaction domain near the carboxyl terminus of the protein that both abolished C1 oligomerization and reduced RNA binding. (korea.ac.kr)
These results demonstrate that although the RBD is the primary determinant of C1 RNA binding, residues in the C1-C1 interaction domain also influence the RNA binding activity of the protein. (korea.ac.kr)

We subse- the mechanism of influenza viral infection and replication quently used 15,785 protein sequences from the National in different host species. (cdc.gov)
The basis of hapten- molecular mechanisms of the sensitization pro- protein binding work is the hypothesis that upon cess will result in novel opportunities for the skin absorption, only protein-reactive chemicals development of alternative methods for assessing (or those that can be metabolically or chemically skin sensitization hazard and relative potency of converted to protein-reactive species) are able to chemicals. (cdc.gov)

INM proteins also aid in organization of nuclear pore complexes (NPCs). (wikipedia.org)
Recently several novel autoantibodies against a variety of specific nuclear pore proteins have been described, including the nucleoporin p62. (openrheumatologyjournal.com)

The existence of mRNAs retaining both nuclear cap binding protein and EJC in the distal sites of neuronal processes suggests that some localized mRNAs have not yet undergone the "very first translation," which contribute to the spatio-temporal regulation of gene expression. (frontiersin.org)

Macrophage inflammatory protein-2: chromosomal regulation in rat intestinal epithelial cells. (qmul.ac.uk)

Recently, we isolated a novel negative regulator of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), termed EGFR-related protein (ERRP), whose expression attenuates EGFR activation. (aacrjournals.org)
We have investigated the role of the alternative-splicing factor Sfrs1, an arginine/serine-rich (SR)protein family member, during mouse retinal development. (biologists.com)
Here, we show that in primary human femoral head osteoarthritic and normal bovine chondrocytes, TWHF partially or completely inhibited mRNA and protein expression of tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin (IL)-1, and IL-17-inducible MMP-3 and MMP-13. (aspetjournals.org)
Nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-B) has a vital part in cell survival and inhibition of NF-B had proven to be an efficient restorative pathway for numerous cancers though little is usually known about the underlying mechanism. (biomedigs.org)
Regulator of calcineurin 1 gene transcription is definitely controlled by nuclear factor-kappaB. (biomedigs.org)
Pax5A transcription factor is the major isoform of B-cell-specific activator protein. (nih.gov)
Regulation of nuclear factor kappa B transactivation. (bvsalud.org)
Implication of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase and protein kinase C zeta in c-Rel activation by tumor necrosis factor alpha. (bvsalud.org)
The condyles were analyzed histologically, histomorphometrically, and immunohistochemically using the antibodies for bone sialoprotein (BSP), osteocalcin (OCC) and receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand (RANKL). (bvsalud.org)

Once all regulatory proteins, etc. have been synthesized and the scaffold has been established, the cell has attained its own specific expression profile. (wikipedia.org)
These recruitment events are inhibited in a normal wild type HSV-1 infection by the viral regulatory protein ICP0. (mdpi.com)

however, almost all mutations prevent this protein from reaching its proper location in the nuclear envelope. (medlineplus.gov)
The absence of ALADIN in the nuclear envelope likely disrupts the movement of molecules across this membrane. (medlineplus.gov)

lilli zygotic mutant embryos exhibit a partially ventralized phenotype similar to dpp embryonic lethal mutations (Su, 2001). (sdbonline.org)

Here, we show that shade light induces the de-phosphorylation and nuclear accumulation of PIF7. (elifesciences.org)
The accumulation of both Cyclin and CKI proteins is tightly regulated at the level of transcription. (intechopen.com)
fragmented sleep has been shown to affect tau-protein accumulation in Alzheimer's patients, and rapid eye movement (REM) behavioral disorder is observed in a significant amount of Parkinson's patients. (frontiersin.org)

These specific aspects are reviewed in this article, with separate attention being paid to small organic molecules and protein therapeutics. (snmjournals.org)
Although microdosing has been associated predominantly with small organic molecules and site-specific labeling, there is growing interest in applying the concept to protein therapeutics and in using some of the exclusive properties of proteins for nuclear imaging purposes. (snmjournals.org)
This article discusses the consequences of the facilitated regulations, the impact of performing studies at very low pharmacologic concentrations, and the differences in regulation and pharmacology between smaller (organic) molecules and larger (protein biologic) molecules. (snmjournals.org)
From the MRD data, the rotational correlation time of detergent-solubilized BR was determined to 35 ns at 300 K, con- sistent with a monomeric protein in complex with about 150 detergent molecules. (lu.se)
While the locations and inferred H-bond connec- water molecules in a membrane protein, despite tivities of these internal water molecules are essen- being deeply buried and extensively H-bonded to tial, one would also like to quantify their mobility. (lu.se)
The large proteoglycan molecules made up of protein cores, and GAG branches are secreted by cells and constitute a significant fraction of the extracellular matrix of connective tissue. (medscape.com)

Using this element in the three-hybrid in vivo RNA-binding assay, we identified a protein, Loc1p, that binds in vitro directly to the wild-type ASH1 3′-UTR RNA, but not to a mutant RNA incapable of localizing to the bud nor to several other mRNAs. (elsevierpure.com)

In vertebrates this subfamily contains four proteins: TIF1α/TRIM24, TIF1β/TRIM28, TIF1γ/TRIM33, and TIF1δ/TRIM66, while only one protein, Bonus (Bon), is present in Drosophila , making it an attractive model to understand the conserved functions of TIF1 proteins. (elifesciences.org)

The cellular stress and subsequent DNA damage signaling imposed by hyperactivity of these multiple molecular systems in addition to aberrant circadian rhythmicity lead to extensive protein aggregation such as α-synuclein pre-formed fibrils (α-Syn PFFs), suggesting a specific molecular pathway linking circadian rhythmicity, PARP1/E3 ligase activity, and Parkinson's disease. (frontiersin.org)
One of the key molecular events in skin sensitization is protein haptenation, i.e. the chemical modification of self-skin protein(s) thus forming macromolecular immunogens. (cdc.gov)

In affected indivi- chemicals possessing the ability to react with duals, it has a serious impact on their quality of proteins, and hence these methods do not esti- life. (cdc.gov)

Chromosome 21 aneuploid cells constitute ∼4% of the estimated one trillion cells in the human brain and include non-neuronal cells and postmitotic neurons identified by the neuronspecific nuclear protein marker. (jneurosci.org)

The vpx gene products of human immunodeficiency virus type 2 (HIV-2) and of the closely related simian immunodeficiency viruses from sooty mangabeys (SIVsm) and macaques (SIVmac) comprise a 112-amino-acid virion-associated protein that is critical for efficient virus replication in nondividing cells such as macrophages. (duke.edu)
The identification of a novel 26-amino-acid nuclear targeting domain provides a new tool to investigate the nuclear import of the HIV-2/SIV preintegration complex. (duke.edu)
Amino acid substitution during functionally constrained divergent evolution of protein sequences. (xenbase.org)

Also, in response to IONIZING RADIATION it can undergo PHOSPHORYLATION by ataxia telangiectasia mutated protein. (bvsalud.org)

Mechanistic studies revealed no impact on the activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase, p38, and c-Jun N-terminal kinase mitogen-activated protein kinases. (aspetjournals.org)

Heterogeneous population of RNA granules serve as motile units to translocate, store, translate, and degrade mRNAs in the dendrites contain cis -elements and trans -acting factors such as RNA-binding proteins and microRNAs to convey stimulus-, transcript-specific local translation. (frontiersin.org)

The nuclear scaffold is predicted to be relatively permanent for a given cell type, but induction of a signaling pathway-by ligand binding, cell:cell contact, or some other mechanism-can temporarily shift the expression profile. (wikipedia.org)

A nuclear localisation signal is not sufficient to target a protein to the INM, and the N-terminal domain of LBR cannot translocate into the nuclear lumen if its size is increased from 22 to approximately 70 kDa, supporting this view. (wikipedia.org)

Some INM proteins contain common protein domain structures, and can thus be categorised into known protein domain families. (wikipedia.org)
In recent years it has been discovered that components of cellular nuclear structures known as ND10 or PML nuclear bodies contribute to intrinsic resistance against a variety of viruses, notably of the herpesvirus family. (mdpi.com)

Hereditary defects in membrane skeleton proteins. (dana-farber.org)

Anatomy26

Organisms12

Chemicals and Drugs108

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment36

Phenomena and Processes74

Disciplines and Occupations1

Technology, Industry, Agriculture1

Information Science3

Health Care1

Localization13

Nucleus10

Genes9

19991

20021

Transcriptional4

Ribonucleoprotein1

Lamin B recept1

Nucleic1

Highly conserved1

Interacts3

Transcription factors3

Membrane proteins6

Cytoplasmic3

Several proteins1

Lamina4

Chromatin6

Cytoplasm3

Encodes1

Zinc1

Interaction3

Species2

Pore2

Gene expression1

Chromosomal1

Factor9

Regulatory2

Envelope2

Embryonic1

Accumulation3

Molecules6

Vivo1

Drosophila1

Molecular2

Chemicals1

Neurons1

Amino3

Phosphorylation1

Kinase1

MRNAs1

Scaffold1

Localisation1

Structures2

Defects1