2001 encephalitis virus japanese. Medical search. Frequent questions

Japanese encephalitis is caused by Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV), a mosquitoborne virus of the family Flaviviridae , genus Flavivirus ( 1 ). (cdc.gov)
Tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) is a positive-strand RNA virus associated with tick-borne encephalitis in the genus Flavivirus. (wikipedia.org)
Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) is a mosquito-borne flavivirus that causes acute encephalitis in humans, with a high fatality rate of 20 to 50% [ 1 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
The Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) is a mosquito-borne flavivirus that has become a public health threat in Asia, including Indonesia. (biomedcentral.com)
A species of FLAVIVIRUS , one of the Japanese encephalitis virus group ( ENCEPHALITIS VIRUSES, JAPANESE ). (nih.gov)
Expression of cloned envelope protein genes from the flavivirus tick-borne encephalitis virus in mammalian cells and random mutagenesis by PCR. (microbiologyresearch.org)
Usutu virus (USUV), a flavivirus of the Japanese encephalitis virus complex, was for the first time detected outside Africa in the region around Vienna (Austria) in 2001 by Weissenböck et al. (elsevierpure.com)
Emergence of Usutu virus, an African mosquito-borne flavivirus of the Japanese encephalitis virus group, central Europe. (elsevierpure.com)
The recent outbreaks of Zika virus (ZIKV) in flavivirus-endemic regions highlight the need for sensitive and specific serological tests. (cdc.gov)
Previously we and others reported key fusion loop (FL) residues and/or BC loop (BCL) residues on dengue virus (DENV) envelope protein recognized by flavivirus cross-reactive human monoclonal antibodies and polyclonal sera. (cdc.gov)
West Nile virus (WNV) is a mosquito-borne virus belonging to the genus Flavivirus in the Flaviviridae family. (izs.it)
The emergence of Zika virus, another mosquito-borne flavivirus, has illustrated additional potential routes of non-vector transmission in humans. (biomedcentral.com)
A recent study in another flavivirus, Japanese encephalitis virus, in pigs has also demonstrated non-vector transmission. (biomedcentral.com)
Dengue virus (DENV) is a flavivirus transmitted via the bite of the female Aedes mosquitoes, usually Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus . (biomedcentral.com)
Until the Zika virus (ZIKV) outbreaks in the Americas led to the recognition of non-mosquito-borne transmission, most reports on flavivirus transmission via non-vector routes have been on DENV, with rare reports on other flaviviruses. (biomedcentral.com)
Z ported human infections indicated that clinical characteris- ika virus (ZIKV) is a mosquito-transmitted virus in the tics of infection with ZIKV included fever, headache, mal- family Flaviviridae and genus Flavivirus . (folkhalsomyndigheten.se)

We performed whole-genome sequence analysis of the virus by using virus genome extracted from 5 passaged culture supernatants and QIAamp Viral RNA Mini Kit (QIAGEN, https://www.qiagen.com ). (cdc.gov)
Here, in order to discover those membrane proteins that may be involved in JEV attachment to or entry into virus permissive BHK-21 cells, a chemically mutated cell line (designated 3A10-3F) that became less susceptible to JEV infection was preliminarily established and selected by repeated low moi JEV challenges and RT-PCR detection for viral RNA E gene fragment. (biomedcentral.com)
The first step of virus infection requires the interaction between virus attachment proteins (VAPs) and cellular receptors, which is known to contribute to host range, tissue tropism and viral pathogenesis. (biomedcentral.com)
Encephalitis is an acute inflammation of brain caused by either host immune response or viral infection. (ommegaonline.org)
JEV is the main cause of viral encephalitis in many countries of Asia with an estimated 68,000 clinical cases every year [1,2] . (ommegaonline.org)
The original cases, described in Italy by Gianotti in 1955, were associated with hepatitis B virus infection, although other viral infections currently account for most cases. (medscape.com)
Although the original reports of Gianotti-Crosti syndrome (papular acrodermatitis of childhood) were attributed to acute infection with the hepatitis B virus, more recent studies have demonstrated that Gianotti-Crosti syndrome is more commonly associated with a number of other infectious agents, both viral and bacterial. (medscape.com)
During viral infections, the complex and dynamic distributions of variants, termed viral quasispecies, play a key role in the adaptability of viruses to changing environments and the fate of the population as a whole. (springer.com)
On the contrary, current evidence indicates that mutant spectra contribute to viral pathogenesis, can modulate the expression of phenotypic traits by subpopulations of viruses, can include memory genomes that reflect the past evolutionary history of the viral lineage, and, furthermore, can participate in viral extinction through lethal mutagenesis. (springer.com)
Arias A, Agudo R, Ferrer-Orta C, Pérez-Luque R, Airaksinen A, Brocchi E, Domingo E, Verdaguer N, Escarmis C (2005) Mutant viral polymerase in the transition of virus to error catastrophe identifies a critical site for RNA binding. (springer.com)
Charpentier C, Dwyer DE, Mammano F, Lecossier D, Clavel F, Hance AJ (2004) Role of minority populations of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in the evolution of viral resistance to protease inhibitors. (springer.com)
The use of corticosteroids as an adjunctive therapy for viral encephalitis is controversial and currently being evaluated in a large clinical trial. (medscape.com)
Because specific therapy for encephalitis is limited and because potentially serious sequelae (or death) may result from HSE, early treatment with acyclovir should be started as soon as possible in all patients with suspected viral encephalitis, pending the results of diagnostic studies. (medscape.com)
The present invention is relative to chimerical peptides, whose primary structure holds at least one segment which inhibits the activation of the NS3 protease of a virus from the Flaviviridae family, they also contain a cell penetrating segment and they are capable of inhibiting or attenuate the viral infection. (patentsencyclopedia.com)
Medical staff recorded his cause of death as viral encephalitis, but they really didn't know what killed him. (prothomalo.com)
The viral nucleic acids which could be the genome (positive-sense single-stranded RNA virus) or RNA derived from transcription of the genome [negative-stranded single-sense RNA or double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) or DNA virus], offer critical targets for both detection and eradication. (datexis.com)
Meanwhile, during the course of TB disease, pulmonary symptoms compatible with TB) both the virus burden and viral heterogene- with further pathological and/or standard ity increases [ 7 ]. (who.int)

The pathogenesis of Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) is not definitely elucidated as the initial interaction between virus and host cell receptors required for JEV infection is not clearly defined yet. (biomedcentral.com)
Insights into the immunopathogenesis during Japanese encephalitis virus infection (2017) Cell Immunol Serum Biol 3(1): 83- 86. (ommegaonline.org)
The primary focus of this review is to discuss the immunopathogenesis during JEV infection including the future perspectives that might be crucial in understanding the involvement of various cytokines and chemokines in the development of neuroinflammation and encephalitis. (ommegaonline.org)
Activation of endothelial cells via antibody-enhanced dengue virus infection of peripheral blood monocytes. (microbiologyresearch.org)
Also, we have shown for the first time that knockdown of HSP60 leads to decreased IL-1β production during Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) infection, which eventually leads to decreased inflammation and increased survival of JEV-infected mice. (biomedcentral.com)
Health care providers should advise travelers to JE-endemic countries of the risk of JE virus infection and the importance of personal protective measures to prevent mosquito bites. (cdc.gov)
The current scenario regarding the widespread Zika virus (ZIKV) has resulted in numerous diagnostic studies, specifically in South America and in locations where there is frequent entry of travelers returning from ZIKV-affected areas, including pregnant women with or without clinical symptoms of ZIKV infection. (frontiersin.org)
Chronic active Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection is a severe systemic disease associated with high rates of mortality and morbidity. (researchgate.net)
Infectious mononucleosis owing to primary Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection sometimes causes hepatitis, which is usually self-limiting with mildly elevated transaminases, but can rarely develop into severe hepatitis with jaundice. (researchgate.net)
This invention is also relative to pharmaceutical compounds which contain these chimerical peptides for the prevention and/or treatment of the infection caused by a virus of the Flaviviridae family. (patentsencyclopedia.com)
1. Chimerical peptides, characterized by having a primary structure comprising at least one segment inhibitor of the activation of the NS3pro protease from a virus of the Flaviviridae family and a cell penetrating segment and these peptides are able to inhibit or attenuate the infection by the virus. (patentsencyclopedia.com)
Nipah virus, the disease that killed Sabith, has proven particularly adept at finding new routes to infection. (prothomalo.com)
In this context, pVNPs are safer than VNPs derived from mammalian viruses because there is no risk of infection or reversion to pathogenicity. (eurekaselect.com)
In mammalian cells the tell-tale signs of RNA virus infection, like the presence of cytosolic RNA having 5′-ppp or extensive (>30 bp) dsRNA segments are detected by dedicated pathogen associated molecular pattern receptors (PAMPs) or pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) in the host cell, like RIG-1, MDA5, and the IFIT family of proteins (Aoshi et al. (datexis.com)
and the retrograde axonal transport of the virus to the central nervous system via infection of olfactory or peripheral neurons ( Cho and Diamond, 2012 ). (izs.it)
Tan HKilicaslan BOnbas OBuyukavci M Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis following hepatitis A virus infection. (jamanetwork.com)
Sacconi SSalviati LMerelli E Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis associated with hepatitis C virus infection. (jamanetwork.com)
Silver BMcAvoy KMikesell SSmith TW Fulminating encephalopathy with perivenular demyelination and vacuolar myelopathy as the initial presentation of human immunodeficiency virus infection. (jamanetwork.com)
Voudris KAVagiakou EASkardoutsou A Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis associated with parainfluenza virus infection of childhood. (jamanetwork.com)
Human dengue virus infection without mosquito vector has been reported to occur as a result of mucocutaneous transmission, needlestick in patient care and laboratory accident, blood transfusion, bone marrow transplant, organ transplant, intrapartum and perinatal transmission, and breastfeeding. (biomedcentral.com)
Clinical aspects of pandemic 2009 influenza A (H1N1) virus infection. (cdc.gov)

This report describes two cases of Japanese encephalitis that were reported to CDC in 2010. (cdc.gov)

11 It is also possible that prior immunisation with yellow fever virus or JEV vaccine may induce cross-reactive antibodies. (mja.com.au)
Mosquito vectored diseases include protozoan diseases, i.e., malaria, filarial diseases such as dog heartworm, and viruses such as dengue, encephalitis and yellow fever. (vedicpaths.com)

Whole-genome analysis showed 90.4% identity with other genotype 5 viruses from humans. (cdc.gov)
Enteroviruses (genus Enterovirus, family Picornaviridae ) are among the most common viruses infecting humans worldwide. (cdc.gov)
Infections of mammalian hosts or humans, as observed for the related West Nile virus (WNV), are rare. (elsevierpure.com)
The virus, which causes a disease named COVID-19, has never before been found in humans. (valneva.com)
Recent promising therapies with recombinant fully humanized antibody against Nipah and Hendra virus have been tested in experimental animals and in a compassionate basis in humans. (medscape.com)
Deforestation and development bring humans ever closer into contact with once-remote breeding grounds for bats and the viruses they carry. (prothomalo.com)
Pragya Yadav, the lead scientist on Nipah research at India's National Institute of Virology, said the expansion of human settlement in Kerala and worldwide has led to habitat loss, declining biodiversity and migration of animals closer to people, "which eventually helps the virus to jump from bats to humans. (prothomalo.com)
Rapid-test sensitivity for novel swine-origin influenza A (H1N1) virus in humans. (cdc.gov)

Serologically, West Nile virus is a member of the Japanese encephalitis serocomplex, which includes antigenic related viruses as Murray valley encephalitis (MVE), St. Louis encephalitis (SLE), Kunjin (KUN), Usutu (USU), Koutango (KOU), Cacipacore (CPC), Alfuy (ALF) and Yaounde (YAO). (izs.it)
In the Australian Capital Territory, infections with Murray Valley encephalitis virus and Kunjin are combined under Murray Valley encephalitis. (health.gov.au)

The 2012 WNV season in the United States saw a massive spike in the number of neuroinvasive cases and deaths similar to what was seen in the 2002-2003 season, according to the West Nile virus disease cases and deaths reported to the CDC by year and clinical presentation, 1999-2012, by ArboNET (Arboviral Diseases Branch, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention). (mdpi.com)
CAMBRIDGE, U.K., March 12, 2002 (PRIMEZONE) -- Acambis plc ("Acambis" or "the Company") (LSE:ACM) (Nasdaq:ACAM) announces its preliminary results for the year ended December 31, 2001. (globenewswire.com)
On November 29, 2001, in partnership with Baxter, Acambis was awarded a second contract, worth $428m, to supply 155 million doses of smallpox vaccine by the end of 2002. (globenewswire.com)

The West Nile virus (WNC) first appeared in North America in 1999. (mdpi.com)
A subtype of WEST NILE VIRUS found in Africa, Europe, the Middle East, west and central Asia, and Oceania. (nih.gov)
Spread of West Nile Virus in the U.S. (cdc.gov)
To improve ZIKV serodiagnosis, we employed wild type (WT) and FL or FL/BCL mutant virus-like particles (VLP) of ZIKV, DENV1 and West Nile virus (WNV) in enzyme linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA), and tested convalescent-phase serum or plasma samples from reverse-transcription PCR-confirmed cases with different ZIKV, DENV and WNV infections. (cdc.gov)
These include dog heartworm, West Nile virus (WNV) and Eastern equine encephalitis (EEE). (vedicpaths.com)
West Nile virus emerged in the Americas, becoming endemic throughout the region (Campbell, et al. (articlesng.com)

Results from a small series suggested that interferon alfa-2b reduced the severity and duration of the complications of St Louis encephalitis virus meningoencephalitis. (medscape.com)

USUV is an arthropod-borne virus (arbovirus) circulating between arthropod vectors (mainly mosquitoes of the Culex pipiens complex) and avian amplification hosts. (elsevierpure.com)
Chikungunya virus is a pathogen transmitted by mosquitoes and has established itself in the Caribbean (approximately 350,000 suspected cases in the Western Hemisphere since December 2013). (vedicpaths.com)
Comprising approximately 3500 species, Mosquitoes are found beyond the tropical and subtropical regions of the world with which they are classically associated (Reiter, 2001). (articlesng.com)

The virus appeared in North America for the first time in 1999. (nih.gov)

The most common causes of death are pneumonia and acute encephalitis. (cdc.gov)

In general, the E gene of JEV plays a major role in the pathogenesis of encephalitis ( 7 ). (cdc.gov)

Figure 1 illustrates, for selected Diseases, the 2nd quarter 2001 totals as ratios to the mean of the 2nd quarters for the previous 5 years. (health.gov.au)

4.16 RABIES AND OTHER LYSSAVIRUSES (INCLUDING AUSTRALIAN BAT LYSSAVIRUS) 4.16.1 Virology Lyssaviruses are single-stranded RNA viruses in the family Rhabdoviridae, genus Lyssavirus. (studyres.com)
There are 12 known species within the genus Lyssavirus, including the classical rabies virus and other closely related lyssaviruses such as the Australian bat lyssavirus (ABLV) and European bat lyssaviruses. (studyres.com)

Herpes simplex virus encephalitis (HSVE) is associated with significant morbidity and mortality, even with appropriate antiviral therapy. (researchgate.net)

Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is known to be a causative agent of hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH). (researchgate.net)

Ribavirin (already established as therapy for hepatitis C virus, which is also in the Flaviviridae family) was used in a study of 153 Indian children with JEV encephalitis, but did not indicate any benefit compared with placebo. (mja.com.au)
10. Chimerical peptides according to the claim 1, where the mentioned virus from the Flaviviridae family is a Hepacivirus and specifically HCV. (patentsencyclopedia.com)

Synthesis and secretion of recombinant tick-borne encephalitis virus protein E in soluble and particulate form. (microbiologyresearch.org)

Kaji MKusuhara TAyabe MHino HShoji HNagao T Survey of herpes simplex virus infections of the central nervous system, including acute disseminated encephalomyelitis, in the Kyushu and Okinawa regions of Japan. (jamanetwork.com)

33 Antigen detection assays are not available for MVEV, but have been used for JEV and Dengue fever virus. (mja.com.au)
Briggs, M. Virus-like particles in serum of patients with Australia-antigen-associated hepatitis. (eurekaselect.com)
Monkeypox virus antigen was readily demonstrated by immunohistochemistry using anti-vaccinia mouse polyclonal antibodies as well as anti-monkeypox rabbit polyclonal antibodies. (blogspot.com)
The presence of poxviral antigen, as determined by immunohistochemistry, correlated with ultrastructural identification of replicating virus. (blogspot.com)

Here, we describe the generation of 39 flaviviral virus-like particle (VLP)- and nonstructural protein 1 (NS1)-secreting stable cell lines in HEK-293 cells representing 13 medically important flaviviruses. (cdc.gov)
We highlight some reports on dengue virus that have documented non-vector transmission and that are relevant to the transmission of Zika virus and other flaviviruses. (biomedcentral.com)

If you go to Asia, you might need vaccination for Japanese encephalitis, a virus spread by mosquitos in the region. (educationupdate.com)

In this study, the role of the His residue at position 39 in the M protein (M39) of dengue virus type 2 (DENV-2) in the virus life cycle was investigated. (microbiologyresearch.org)
Mutations encoding basic (Arg), non-polar (Leu and Pro) and uncharged polar (Asn, Gln and Tyr) amino acids at M39 were introduced into a DENV-2 genomic-length cDNA clone and their effects on virus replication were examined. (microbiologyresearch.org)
Like other RNA viruses, DENV continues to evolve. (cdc.gov)
Laboratory testing with a rapid conducted at that time showed that 6.1% of the residents assay suggested that a dengue virus (DENV) was the caus- in nearby regions of Uganda had specifi c antibodies to ative agent. (folkhalsomyndigheten.se)

In October 2001, following the tragic events of September 11, the US Government decided to create a stockpile of smallpox vaccine large enough to provide a dose for every US citizen. (globenewswire.com)
Chumakov KM, Powers LB, Noonan KE, Roninson IB, Levenbook IS (1991) Correlation between amount of virus with altered nucleotide sequence and the monkey test for acceptability of oral poliovirus vaccine. (springer.com)
Valneva is leveraging its well-established platform for IXIARO ® , the Company's commercial vaccine product indicated for active immunization for the prevention of Japanese encephalitis. (valneva.com)
This platform operates on a highly purified Vero-cell based, inactivated, whole virus strategy for vaccine development. (valneva.com)
Chackerian, B. Virus-like particles: flexible platforms for vaccine development. (eurekaselect.com)
An early polio vaccine had been cultivated on pulverized mouse brains and her studies indicated that XMRV had entered the human virome through the blood supply and through the MMR and Polio vaccines given to American children and the Japanese Encephalitis vaccines given to US military personnel. (blogspot.com)
As a result, hundreds of children became sick and some even perished while this unethical vaccine was released to the public en masse anyway. (hpathy.com)

Condit C (2001) Principles of virology. (springer.com)

Monitoring of Usutu virus activity and spread by using dead bird surveillance in Austria, 2003-2005. (elsevierpure.com)

Low temperatures preserve infectivity, with stability being greatest below -60°C. It is inactivated by heat (50 to 60°C for at least 30 minutes), ultraviolet light, and gamma irradiation (Burke and Monath, 2001). (izs.it)

Oligomeric rearrangement of tick-borne encephalitis virus envelope proteins induced by an acidic pH. (microbiologyresearch.org)

No specific treatment is available for the arbovirus encephalitides. (medscape.com)

8 It has an envelope and contains a very large RNA virus genome. (medsci.org)

Zika virus infections and their associated complications have directly affected individuals and families, and caused social and economic disruption. (who.int)
Zika virus (ZIKV) is a mosquito-borne fl avivirus fi rst studies in the absence of epidemics ( 6 - 8 ). (folkhalsomyndigheten.se)

Airaksinen A, Pariente N, Menendez-Arias L, Domingo E (2003) Curing of foot-and-mouth disease virus from persistently infected cellsby ribavirin involves enhanced mutagenesis. (springer.com)
Intraventricular ribavirin has been associated with clinical improvement in 4 patients with subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE) and apparently reduced mortality in an open-label trial in patients with Nipah virus encephalitis. (medscape.com)

In Kerala, a tropical state surrounding Sabith's hometown, extensive tree loss and rapid urbanization in recent decades created ideal conditions for a virus like Nipah to emerge. (prothomalo.com)
The analysis is based on an examination of 95 spillovers in the past two decades of viruses found in bats, including Ebola, SARS, Marburg and Nipah. (prothomalo.com)
The region has not only been a host to Nipah virus (NiV), Crimean-Congo Haemorrhagic fever (CCHF), and Avian Influenza A (AI A) (H5N1) but has also contributed to the rapid spread of the recent Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) [ 4 ]. (jogh.org)

A Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) belonging to the genotype I-a (GI-a) has been isolated for the first time from a Culex gelidus mosquito in the Province of Jambi, Indonesia. (biomedcentral.com)

Other close relatives, members of the TBEV serocomplex, include Omsk hemorrhagic fever virus, Kyasanur Forest disease virus, Alkhurma virus, Louping ill virus and Langat virus. (wikipedia.org)
Overseas experience with WNV and JEV encephalitis suggests that IgM in serum usually appears 4-9 days after disease onset and can persist for months. (mja.com.au)
Borrego B, Novella IS, Giralt E, Andreu D, Domingo E (1993) Distinct repertoire of antigenic variants of foot-and-mouth disease virus in the presence or absence of immune selection. (springer.com)
Japanese encephalitis (JE) is a mosquito-borne disease that occurs in Asia and the western Pacific region. (cdc.gov)
Although these biosensors are currently among the less popular tools for human disease detection, they have become useful tools for the screening and detection of pathogenic bacteria, fungi, and viruses because of their versatile advantageous features compared to other sensing devices. (frontiersin.org)
To help clarify the diagnostic features of VKH disease, the International Committee on Nomenclature established revised criteria for the diagnosis of VKH disease, published in 2001. (medscape.com)
Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE) is a rare degenerative disease of the central nervous system associated with measles virus. (cdc.gov)
Autochthonous hepatitis E in Southwest England: natural history, complications and seasonal variation, and hepatitis E virus IgG seroprevalence in blood donors, the elderly and patients with chronic liver disease. (nature.com)
the mechanism of virus persistence in animal hosts in Europe leading to endemization of the disease is still unknown. (izs.it)
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) define bioterrorism as "the intentional release of viruses, bacteria, or other germs that can sicken or kill people, livestock, or crops. (medicalnewstoday.com)
1 4.16.2 Clinical features Rabies is a zoonotic disease caused by human exposure to saliva or nerve tissue of an animal infected with rabies virus or other lyssaviruses. (studyres.com)
As the clinical disease caused by classical rabies virus and other lyssaviruses is indistinguishable, the term 'rabies' refers to disease caused by any of the known lyssavirus species.2-5 Human exposure can occur via a scratch or bite that has broken the skin, or via direct contact with the mucosal surface of a person, such as nose, eye or mouth. (studyres.com)

It has now resulted in 2 cases of locally-transmitted Chikungunya virus in Florida in July of 2014. (vedicpaths.com)

Since then, encephalitis cases have been reported in several hospitals and currently Japanese encephalitis (JE) has become widespread and endemic across 32 out of 34 Indonesian provinces [ 2 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Numerous proteins of SARS-CoV, Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV), and the endemic human coronaviruses HCoV-NL63 and HCoV-OC43 were also more reactive with IgG, IgM, and IgA in COVID-19 patient sera than in unexposed control sera, providing further evidence of immunologic cross-reactivity between these viruses. (bvsalud.org)

Furthermore, we described the versatility of plant viruses, with innate immunostimulatory properties, in providing a huge natural resource of carriers that can be used to develop the next generation of sustainable vaccines. (eurekaselect.com)
He worked in Sheffield between 1992 and 2001 where he was involved in several trials of meningococcal group C and other vaccines. (meningitis.org)

46 There are numerous reports of immunotherapy for WNV encephalitis in Israel and the United States with WNV-specific intravenous immunoglobulin (Omr-IgG-am, Omrix Biopharmaceuticals, Tel Aviv, Israel) obtained from donors with high titres of WNV antibodies. (mja.com.au)

As more and more people across the globe live close to bats and other animals that host deadly viruses, those pathogens are finding easier pathways to infect people, often with lethal consequences. (prothomalo.com)
Respiratory viruses infect the human upper respiratory tract, mostly causing mild diseases. (mdpi.com)

With the wide availability of effective therapy, initiating antiviral treatment before a definitive diagnosis of HSE encephalitis (ie, during the workup) is now common practice. (medscape.com)

Murray Valley encephalitis virus (MVEV) is a mosquito-borne virus that is found across Australia, Papua New Guinea and Irian Jaya. (mja.com.au)

no human infections with avian viruses have been reported. (who.int)
SARS-CoV-2 is a new coronavirus identified in late 2019 and belongs to a family of enveloped RNA viruses that include MERS and SARS, both of which caused serious human infections of respiratory system. (valneva.com)
In Europe, WNV has mainly been reported in central and south-eastern Europe, regions in which WNV infections and virulence have recently increased, and the implicated viruses have spread to new areas, including Bulgaria and Greece in 2010, Albania and Macedonia in 2011, and Croatia, Serbia, and Kosovo in 2012, Germany in 2018. (izs.it)
Dengue virus has expanded its range and is responsible for 50 - 100 million infections annually, with thousands of deaths, mostly from its severe dengue haemorrhagic fever. (articlesng.com)
Fujimoto HAsaoka KImaizumi TAyabe MShoji HKaji M Epstein-Barr virus infections of the central nervous system. (jamanetwork.com)

Hepatitis E is hyperendemic in many developing countries in Asia and Africa, and is caused by hepatitis E virus (HEV) genotypes 1 and 2, which are spread via the faecal-oral route by contaminated water. (nature.com)
Figure 2: Brachial plexograms of eight patients with hepatitis E virus-associated neuralgic amyotrophy. (nature.com)

The virus is released from the host cell upon fusion of the transport vesicle with the host cell membrane, the cleaved Pr now segments dissociate, resulting in a fully mature, infectious virus. (wikipedia.org)

The formation of intracellular prM/E heterodimers occurs rapidly after translation and is believed to be important for the assembly and secretion of immature virus particles. (microbiologyresearch.org)
However, the mutations that abolished virus replication prevented secretion of prM/E complexes. (microbiologyresearch.org)

However, the envelope protein contained Lys 84, which was specific to strains of genotype 5 viruses from South Korea. (cdc.gov)
Much earlier, a report stated that a 74 kDa protein on Vero cells was found to be capable of binding JEV and might be involved in virus uptake process [ 10 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Numerous studies have shown that replication of RNA viruses is involved in many specific RNA-RNA, RNA-protein, and protein-protein interactions. (biomedcentral.com)
13 , 14 However, the amino acid perfectly maintains the stability of the mutual structural conformation of the virus S-protein and the ACE2 receptor in a holistic manner. (medsci.org)
Shukla, D.D. Expression of potyvirus coat protein in Escherichia coli and yeast and its assembly into virus-like particles. (eurekaselect.com)

Diagnostic testing for these viruses is difficult because many of the pathogens require specialized biocontainment. (cdc.gov)
Human Coronaviruses and Other Respiratory Viruses: Underestimated Opportunistic Pathogens of the Central Nervous System? (mdpi.com)

Non-structural proteins are involved in the transcription and replication of the virus. (medsci.org)

TBEV is a positive-sense single-stranded RNA virus, contained in a 40-60 nm spherical, enveloped capsid. (wikipedia.org)

Such broad tropism of JEV rationally suggests that most possibly there exists more than one cellular receptor responsible for virus binding and entry into susceptible cells above mentioned. (biomedcentral.com)
The virus is also susceptible to disinfectants such as 3 to 8% formaldehyde, 2% glutaraldehyde, 2 to 3% hydrogen peroxide, 500 to 5,000 ppm available chlorine, alcohol, 1% iodine, and phenol iodophors. (izs.it)

Sonmez FMOdemis EAhmetoglu AAyvaz A Brainstem encephalitis and acute disseminated encephalomyelitis following mumps. (jamanetwork.com)

Enteroviruses are associated with diverse clinical syndromes ranging from minor febrile illness to severe, potentially fatal conditions (e.g., aseptic meningitis, encephalitis, paralysis, myocarditis, and neonatal enteroviral sepsis) and could be linked with the development of some chronic diseases (e.g., type 1 diabetes and dilated cardiomyopathy) ( 1,2 ). (cdc.gov)
This report published in Communicable Diseases Intelligence Volume 25, No 3, August 2001 contains an analysis and tables of monthly notifiable diseases and laboratory data, and quarterly surveillance reports. (health.gov.au)
There were 20,278 notifications to the National Notifiable Diseases Surveillance System (NNDSS) with a notification date between 1 April and 30 June 2001 (Table 2). (health.gov.au)
Notification rates of diseases by State or Territory, 1 April to 30 June 2001. (health.gov.au)

It is estimated that 50% or less of those individuals infected with enteric viruses or bacteria actually become ill (Haas et al. (scienceopen.com)
This can include bacteria, viruses, or fungi. (medicalnewstoday.com)
A myriad of agents can potentially be transmitted through blood transfusions, including bacteria, viruses, and parasites. (medscape.com)

These antigens can replace current antigens derived from live or inactivated virus for safer use in diagnostic testing. (cdc.gov)

The purpose of this review is to provide a complete update of the various analytical methods for virus detection, such as molecular, immunological, sensor-based and other detection assays, along with the advantages and limitations of these strategies. (frontiersin.org)

A previous paper revealed that the platelet number of patients with influenza virus-associated encephalopathy (IE) was correlated with the o. (researchgate.net)
La información en esta página debería ser considerada como ejemplos de información de antecedentes para la temporada de influenza 2021-2022 para la práctica médica respecto del uso de medicamentos antivirales contra la influenza. (cdc.gov)
Actualización sobre el virus la influenza aviar A (H5N1) en los seres humanos. (cdc.gov)

Immunological basis for immunization : varicella-zoster virus. (who.int)

Cynomolgus monkeys (Macaca fascicularis) were exposed by fine-particle aerosol to lethal doses of monkeypox virus, Zaire strain. (blogspot.com)

We isolated Japanese encephalitis virus genotype 5 from human specimens in South Korea. (cdc.gov)
Enteroviruses are common human viruses associated with various clinical syndromes, from minor febrile illness to severe, potentially fatal conditions (e.g., aseptic meningitis, paralysis, myocarditis, and neonatal enteroviral sepsis). (cdc.gov)
Briones C, Domingo E, Molina-París C (2003) Memory in retroviral quasispecies: experimental evidence and theoretical model for human immunodeficiency virus. (springer.com)

Of the 663 million cases of malaria estimated to have been averted in sub-Saharan Africa between 2001 and 2015, more than half have been attributed to the wide-scale deployment and use of long-lasting insecticidal nets and indoor residual spraying. (who.int)
Lyssaviruses have been found in all continents, except Antarctica.11 Rabies that is due to the classical rabies virus and occurs in land dwelling (terrestrial) mammals is present throughout much of Africa, Asia, the Americas and Europe, where the virus is maintained in certain species of mammals, particularly dogs. (studyres.com)

Anatomy10

Organisms83

Diseases43

Chemicals and Drugs39

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment28

Phenomena and Processes38

Disciplines and Occupations1

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Named Groups1

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Flavivirus16

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Infection21

Cases of Japanese encephalitis1

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Humans8

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20023

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19991

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Quarter 20011

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