• The density and behavior of the Mistle Thrush in Niepołomice Forest (southern Poland) and adjacent open areas were studied during winter (December-February) in 1996/97, 1998/99 and 2000/01. (bioone.org)
  • Geographical and human-ecological research increasingly has successfully integrated human populations and their behaviors into analyses of land use change (Rindfuss and Stern 1998). (springer.com)
  • Population dynamics is the type of mathematics used to model and study the size and age composition of populations as dynamical systems. (wikipedia.org)
  • A simple model of krill growth and mortality indicated that the biomass represented by the last recruiting cohort would decline dramatically between 1999 and 2000. (nerc.ac.uk)
  • Because it can be applied to environmental samples, the approach we present is broadly applicable to measuring population growth, mortality, and associated biogeochemical process rates of microbial taxa for a wide range of ecosystems and can help reveal how individual microbial populations drive biogeochemical fluxes. (osti.gov)
  • My research has focused on understanding the mechanisms governing the population regulation in free ranging herbivores with an emphasis on the role that disease plays in the dynamics of these ecosystems. (hutton.ac.uk)
  • Thus, the eruptive population dynamics of mice and rats in forest ecosystems in New Zealand are driven primarily by spatial and temporal variation in food supply, with predation by a single common predator potentially important during the crash and low phases following a population eruption. (massey.ac.nz)
  • abstract = "Population synchrony over various geographical scales is known from a large number of taxa. (lu.se)
  • Stand structure attributes (species diversity and structural diversity of herb, shrub, and tree layers), and abundance of arboreal and forest floor small mammals 3 were sampled during 2000 to 2002, and relative habitat use by deer, moose, and snowshoe hares in 2000-2001, in the five stand treatments at each of three replicate study areas. (gov.bc.ca)
  • However, the inability to measure population-specific rates, such as growth, for microbial taxa within natural assemblages has limited ecologists' understanding of how microbial populations interact to regulate ecosystem processes. (osti.gov)
  • By applying this model to phylogenetic marker sequencing data collected from stable-isotope probing studies, we estimate rates of growth, mortality, and turnover for individual microbial populations within soil assemblages. (osti.gov)
  • One of the most recurrent observations after two decades of microbial evolution experiments regards the dynamics of fitness change. (frontiersin.org)
  • Detailed carbon/nitrogen dynamics with consideration of microbial populations. (wrpllc.com)
  • The source- tion range, the Scandinavian subalpine forests sink model (Murphy 2001) is one of the ways to form peripheral habitats, which were colonised rel- understand population dynamics. (lu.se)
  • Additionally, as Larson (2000) noted, leisure is a crucial developmental context for young people and adolescents. (thesportjournal.org)
  • METHODS: We conducted a search on PubMed, EMBASE, the Cochrane Library, and CNKI databases, from January 2000 to June 2023 to identify case-control studies on the interrelationship between genital mycoplasma infection and male infertility. (bvsalud.org)
  • In the Summer Townet (STN) Index (Figure 1), the most obvious population declines are in the early 1980's and the mid-2000's. (calsport.org)
  • Many apex predator species such as African lions (Panthera leo) are experiencing catastrophic declines as a result of competition with growing human populations. (researchgate.net)
  • Context Due to considerable declines in African wildlife populations, most large African mammals are managed inside protected areas. (researchgate.net)
  • The relative importance of gene flow, genetic drift, and natural selection in driving genetic divergence of local populations, as well as the factors that disrupt gene flow in natural populations, are uncertain. (marineornithology.org)
  • Local populations in marginal habitats close to the distribution border are expected to vary more in size than central populations. (lu.se)
  • Detailed analysis of the population-size structure of krill in the diet indicated a lack of recruitment of small krill into the population since 1996. (nerc.ac.uk)
  • To provide global data on human population, built up area, and degree of urbanization for the years 1975, 1990, 2000, and 2014/2015 in the World Geodetic System 1984 (WGS84) geographic coordinate system. (columbia.edu)
  • However, due to war and political unrest in the region since 1990, no census had been conducted since 1989, when the population was thought to number 324 gorillas. (stir.ac.uk)
  • Chaos Programs to go with Baker, G. L. and J. P. Gollub (1990) Chaotic Dynamics. (colorado.edu)
  • The Demographic Deficit ," 2016 Meeting Papers 1481, Society for Economic Dynamics. (repec.org)
  • Dynamics of the MRSA Population in a Chilean Hospital: a Phylogenomic Analysis (2000-2016). (cdc.gov)
  • However, in 2000, both species suffered reduced reproductive output. (nerc.ac.uk)
  • The forests hold diverse wild animal species, which play a significant role in gene flow between coffee shade trees and adjacent forest tree populations. (scirp.org)
  • Since Delta smelt have a short one to two year lifespan, they readily lend themselves to spawner-recruitment (S/R) analyses that help define the population dynamics of the species. (calsport.org)
  • In addition to evaluating fountain darter population dynamics, the entire fish community was assessed by calculating species diversity in each sample reach during each sample effort in 2000-2004. (edwardsaquifer.org)
  • A range of factors proposed as important in shaping the population dynamics of these species was investigated. (massey.ac.nz)
  • The formula can be read as follows: the rate of change in the population (dN/dT) is equal to growth (aN) that is limited by carrying capacity (1 − N/K). From these basic mathematical principles the discipline of population ecology expands into a field of investigation that queries the demographics of real populations and tests these results against the statistical models. (wikipedia.org)
  • The field of population ecology often uses data on life history and matrix algebra to develop projection matrices on fecundity and survivorship. (wikipedia.org)
  • The concept is commonly used in insect population ecology or management to determine how environmental factors affect the rate at which pest populations increase. (wikipedia.org)
  • Understanding how population-level dynamics contribute to ecosystem-level processes is a primary focus of ecological research and has led to important breakthroughs in the ecology of macroscopic organisms. (osti.gov)
  • Population dynamics has commonly been explored in high-school and undergraduate-level courses in ecology. (scirp.org)
  • The techniques used for teaching population dynamics can provide students with the required basic information for learning fundamental concepts in population ecology. (scirp.org)
  • However, population dynamics is a complex branch of population ecology that has an essentially quantitative nature. (scirp.org)
  • In this study, we propose an alternative methodology for teaching basic concepts of population ecology at the high-school and undergraduate levels, using mathematical models and numerical simulations on a microcomputer. (scirp.org)
  • Population ecology: An introduction to computer simulations. (scirp.org)
  • Geometric populations grow in discrete reproductive periods between intervals of abstinence, as opposed to populations which grow without designated periods for reproduction. (wikipedia.org)
  • Anderson D.L., Fuchs S., Two genetically distinct populations of Varroa jacobsoni with contrasting reproductive abilities on Apis mellifera , J. Apic. (apidologie.org)
  • This is lower than growth estimates made in several population viability analyses, but approximately 5% of the 1989 population is known to have died due to military activity over the last decade. (stir.ac.uk)
  • This report employs S/R analyses to review long-term trends in the population indices of the Delta smelt. (calsport.org)
  • The analyses support the hypotheses that abundance (adult numbers) and recruitment into the adult population are primarily controlled by the numbers of adult spawners, adjusted by wet-dry year differences in production of juveniles. (calsport.org)
  • These results revealed that discharge has had limited influence on fountain darter densities with the discharge that has occurred in 2000-2004. (edwardsaquifer.org)
  • The largest was a K103N cluster involving 16 MSM sequences sampled between 2010 and 2017, with an estimated time to the most recent common ancestor (tMRCA) of 2005 [95% higher posterior density (HPD), 2000-08], indicating propagation over 12 years. (lu.se)
  • Introduction of INSTIs after 2017 may have abrogated the increase in pre-treatment RTI mutations, albeit in the HET population only. (lu.se)
  • The roles of food limitation and predation in shaping rodent population dynamics were investigated initially by computer modelling. (massey.ac.nz)
  • There was evidence that predators limited prey populations during the post-eruption low phase, but the role of predation during the rodent decline remains unclear. (massey.ac.nz)
  • Similarly, the numbers of successful clutches in our two populations with low predation rate were positively related to the same index. (lu.se)
  • Because above-average flow conditions occurred during most of 2000-2004, there were no low-flow Critical Period events, but three high-flow Critical Period events in the San Marcos Springs/River ecosystem during that time. (edwardsaquifer.org)
  • The gill parasite that has been reported to infect the fountain darter in the Comal Springs/River ecosystem was not visually evident in fountain darters collected from the San Marcos Springs/River ecosystem during 2000-2004. (edwardsaquifer.org)
  • The model showed that predators could not prevent a rodent population eruption, nor limit peak prey-population density. (massey.ac.nz)
  • Rodent population dynamics during an eruption were compared in large areas with and without predators present. (massey.ac.nz)
  • Predators did not prevent a prey eruption or limit peak population size as predicted by the computer model. (massey.ac.nz)
  • In 2000 we estimated population size using repeated observations of 17 habituated groups and information on 15 unhabituated groups obtained during patrols. (stir.ac.uk)
  • Observations of the San Marcos salamander have varied in number within and between locations during 2000-2004, but individuals have been observed in each sample location during each sample period. (edwardsaquifer.org)
  • Detailed plant physiological processes and plant population development. (wrpllc.com)
  • We assessed the prevalence, trends and transmission dynamics of pre-treatment HIVDR within and between MSM, people who inject drugs (PWID), female sex workers (FSWs), heterosexuals (HETs) and perinatally infected children in Kenya. (lu.se)
  • Taken together, our findings underscore the need for targeted efforts towards equitable access to ART for children and key populations in Kenya. (lu.se)
  • The rate at which a population increases in size if there are no density-dependent forces regulating the population is known as the intrinsic rate of increase. (wikipedia.org)
  • To clarify dynamics of dengue virus (DENV) transmission in settings with characteristics generally considered rural (e.g., lower population density, remoteness), we conducted a phylogenetic analysis in 6 communities in northwestern Ecuador. (cdc.gov)
  • Dengue is considered an urban disease because transmission is often reported in areas with high population density. (cdc.gov)
  • However, human mobility and active commerce have increased in classically defined rural sectors where population density is generally lower, influencing DENV transmission. (cdc.gov)
  • 4) These results are valid even in a model with delayed density dependence - with possibly cyclic dynamics. (lu.se)
  • One additional area of concern to fountain darters, the density of giant ramshorn snails ( Marisa cornuarietis ) was monitored in 2000-2004. (edwardsaquifer.org)
  • Coating formulations of shellac, sucrose ester, and cellulose were tested that support populations of bacterial and yeast antagonists of postharvest Penicillium decay of grapefruit. (apsnet.org)
  • Simplified population models usually start with four key variables (four demographic processes) including death, birth, immigration, and emigration. (wikipedia.org)
  • Mathematical models used to calculate changes in population demographics and evolution hold the assumption of no external influence. (wikipedia.org)
  • The major results are: 1) Population synchrony can vary significantly depending on the timing of the population census. (lu.se)
  • Population dynamics has traditionally been the dominant branch of mathematical biology, which has a history of more than 220 years, although over the last century the scope of mathematical biology has greatly expanded. (wikipedia.org)
  • Population dynamics overlap with another active area of research in mathematical biology: mathematical epidemiology, the study of infectious disease affecting populations. (wikipedia.org)
  • Population biology. (scirp.org)
  • The ecological detective: Monographs in population biology. (scirp.org)
  • In the first, the archetypal evolution experiment, populations derived from the same ancestor are serially propagated in a new environment. (frontiersin.org)
  • Boudreau DR, Moreau G (2021) Competitive Coexistence in Sarcosaprophagous Calliphoridae Flies: Ecological Niche Differentiation and Metacommunity Dynamics. (umoncton.ca)
  • A test of mechanisms of population differentiation in gannets ( Morus spp. (marineornithology.org)
  • Significant population differentiation, both in control region sequences and in morphology, was found within both Australasian and Northern gannets. (marineornithology.org)
  • Accepted for publication 18 July 2000. (apsnet.org)
  • Since adaptation is the main macroscopic outcome of Darwinian evolution, studying its patterns of change could potentially provide insight into key issues of evolutionary theory, from fixation dynamics to the genetic architecture of organisms. (frontiersin.org)
  • Therefore, the patterns of adaptive change could potentially inform about key issues of evolutionary theory, from fixation dynamics to the genetic architecture of organisms. (frontiersin.org)
  • Phylogenetic patterns suggest that, within this province, communities with larger populations and commercial centers were more often the source of DENV but that smaller, remote communities also play a role in regional transmission dynamics. (cdc.gov)
  • In other words, the population abundance from year to year is determined by the number of eggs laid each year and the survival of each egg cohort to adults a year later. (calsport.org)
  • In the 70's, the population expanded initially with the abundant 1970 year-class that featured a high number of recruits-per-spawner, followed by another increase with the strong 1978 year-class. (calsport.org)
  • The population then took a sharp drop from the high fall level in 99 to the much lower level in 04 and the very low recruit-per-spawner year 05. (calsport.org)
  • This report outlines results from the third year of a 4-year project (2000-2003) leading up to a 15-year remeasurement in 2003 of diameter and height growth increments of crop trees and coniferous stand structure. (gov.bc.ca)
  • The study also suggests a way for teachers and professors to analyze population patterns with real data. (scirp.org)
  • The population dynamics of the San Francisco Bay-Delta estuary's endangered Delta smelt can be viewed using patterns in annual indices of their abundance published by the California Department of Fish and Wildlife (CDFW). (calsport.org)
  • There was no difference in diversity between the two reaches and no discernable patterns of change in diversity at the reach level during 2000-2004. (edwardsaquifer.org)
  • In the present study, a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) program is used as a design tool to model floor-level fires in a ventilated tunnel. (cdc.gov)
  • Fuzzy subset approach in coupled population dynamics of blowflies. (scirp.org)
  • While the population has grown, the results should be viewed with caution, not only because all known growth during the last decade can be attributed to one subset of the population, but also because the region is still plagued by political unrest. (stir.ac.uk)
  • Filamentous algae was abundant in most sampling events conducted during 2000-2004 in the sample site adjacent to the former Aquarena Springs Hotel and the deep site in Spring Lake and required clearing the algae prior to sampling efforts. (edwardsaquifer.org)
  • A Program Collection for the PC by Korsch, H.J. and H-J. Jodl, 1994, A book/disk combo that gives a hands-on, computer experiment approach to learning nonlinear dynamics. (colorado.edu)
  • The population was sustained by high recruits per spawner through the wet and dry years of the 70's. (calsport.org)
  • Despite low recruits per spawner in the 87-92 drought, the population rebounded in the wet years from 93 to 99. (calsport.org)
  • This raises the question how the implies that some populations produce more flycatcher populations in these marginal habitats recruits than needed to cover mortality and popu- behave during a period of population decline. (lu.se)
  • as a result of compe tition with growing human populations. (researchgate.net)
  • We don't have a definitive answer as to how the COVID-19 virus entered the human population, but we've seen enough examples of the virus moving, either directly or indirectly, from bats, that it's the most reasonable explanation. (thenakedscientists.com)
  • Voluntary action in health and population : the dynamics of social transition / edited by Sunil Misra. (who.int)
  • The decrease in population size since the start of this survey was most evident for the two sink populations. (lu.se)
  • Moreau G, Boudreau D, Chiasson B, Tousignant L, Porter K (2022) Using LiDAR and machine learning to model forest beetle metacommunity dynamics at the landscape scale. (umoncton.ca)
  • Nigéria, en décembre 2022 et publie depuis lors des rapports mensuels. (who.int)
  • The Minnesota Water Research Digital Library is a searchable inventory of water research in, near or relevant to Minnesota, with an emphasis on publications from 2000 forward. (mnsu.edu)
  • To provide subnational (county) population projection scenarios for the United States essential for understanding long-term demographic changes, planning for the future, and decision-making in a variety of applications. (columbia.edu)
  • This report documents demographic characteristics and health conditions of Nairobi City's slum residents based on a representative sample survey of urban informal settlement residents carried out from February to June 2000. (aphrc.org)
  • The effect of this latest demographic trend in the Eastern Alps is exemplified by two case studies in Friuli: First, in the German speaking language pocket of Sauris (Zahre), the influence of especially Italian newcomers on the autochthonous population and its culture can be observed, besides various social and economic aspects. (openedition.org)
  • Given environmental and demographic trends, including the projected growth in the size of the world population by 2030, even more people will be living in areas where malaria is a risk, putting a further strain on health systems. (who.int)
  • According to population projections, there will be 32 million elderly in Brazil in 2025, representing 15% of the population. (bvsalud.org)
  • citation needed] The beginning of population dynamics is widely regarded as the work of Malthus, formulated as the Malthusian growth model. (wikipedia.org)
  • citation needed] The mathematical formula below can used to model geometric populations. (wikipedia.org)
  • In this work, we use isotope incorporation within DNA molecules to model taxon-specific population growth in the presence of 18 O-labeled water. (osti.gov)
  • In this paper, I analyse the first two explanations by linearizing a general population model with spatial structure. (lu.se)
  • We use an overlapping generations (OLG) life-cycle model with distortionary taxation on labor and capital to derive a threshold dependency ratio, i.e. a point in the cross-section distribution of the population beyond which tax revenues can no longer sustain the planned level of transfers to retirees. (repec.org)
  • White rhinos (Ceratotherium simum simum) are found almost exclusively within protected areas where population sizes are driven by natural factors and poaching pressures. (researchgate.net)
  • Lateral phage transfer in obligate intracellular bacteria (wolbachia): verification from natural populations. (mbl.edu)
  • Table 2 shows the ratio of births, deaths and natural increase of population. (who.int)
  • The data show that for last 5 years natural increase of population has been growing from 8 to 11.7. (who.int)
  • 1987. Intraspecific phylogeography: the mitochondrial DNA bridge between population genetics and systematics. (marineornithology.org)
  • Taken together, our three border populations are consid- ered good indicators for the overall population trend in Fennoscandia. (lu.se)
  • The algebraic symbols b, d and r stand for the rates of birth, death, and the rate of change per individual in the general population, the intrinsic rate of increase. (wikipedia.org)
  • To provide a data set that allows users to understand how slow-onset climate change impacts on water availability and crop productivity, coupled with sea-level rise and storm surge, may affect the future population distribution and climate-related internal migration in low to middle income countries. (columbia.edu)
  • The Fall Midwater Trawl (FMWT) Index (Figure 2) highlights several key periods of population change: 80-83, 88-91, 00-05, and 09-13. (calsport.org)
  • Another data collection technique that allows valuable insights into the process of new- and re-population of peripherally located settlements is the utilization mapping of the buildings. (openedition.org)
  • Population Dynamics and Integrated Management of Forest Insects. (erti.hu)
  • Factors regulating the eruptive population dynamics of house mice, Mus musculus, and ship rats, Rattus rattus, were investigated over 29 months in mixed forest at Lake Waikaremoana, New Zealand. (massey.ac.nz)
  • Small populations are particularly susceptible to disturbance. (stir.ac.uk)
  • Methods To understand the relationship between rhino adrenocortical responses and different environmental and anthropogenic stressors, we quantified glucocorticoid metabolites in faecal samples (fGCM) collected from four populations within three protected areas (i.e. two small parks, one big park) during the wet and dry seasons. (researchgate.net)
  • From a humanitarian point of view, it would be valuable to understand the reasons underlying the final decision to participate in activities, since participation, even in soft forms of physical activity, has been found to offer various benefits to participants, such as a high level of self-esteem, freedom from some diseases, a high quality of life, and improvement of cardiac health (Strauss, 2000). (thesportjournal.org)
  • 2011). Changing work place dynamics have made a significant impact on the health and safety of work ers. (cdc.gov)
  • Leisure constraints research focuses on investigating factors that inhibit or prohibit participation and enjoyment in leisure (Jackson, 2000). (thesportjournal.org)
  • This paper reviews research from the U.S. mining community to define issues relevant to an evolving national and international workforce and relate them to the emergency response population. (cdc.gov)
  • There are approximately 15 million people today aged 60 years or more and this number is expected to reach 32 million by 2025 1 , representing 15% of the general population. (bvsalud.org)