• The mechanism of the one-order-of-magnitude increase in the density of vertically aligned carbon nanotubes (CNTs) achieved by a recently developed thermal chemical vapor deposition process was studied using synchrotron radiation spectroscopic techniques. (iucr.org)
  • Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are increasingly being used in electronics products. (mdpi.com)
  • The current excitement in carbon nanotubes (CNTs) was triggered by Sumio Iijima's Nature publication in 1991 [ 1 ]. (springer.com)
  • This chapter presents the results of experimental studies of the electrical, mechanical and geometric parameters of vertically aligned carbon nanotubes (VA CNTs) using scanning probe microscopy (SPM). (intechopen.com)
  • The proposed techniques allow to overcome the difficulties associated with the vertical orientation and high aspect ratio of nanotubes in determining the electrical and mechanical parameters of the VA CNTs by standard methods. (intechopen.com)
  • Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have proved to be excellent candidates for sensing applications. (hindawi.com)
  • Recent studies have raised a concern over the potential carcinogenicity of carbon nanotubes (CNTs), one of the most commonly used engineered nanomaterials with asbestos-like properties. (oncotarget.com)
  • While carcinogenesis induced by various chemicals and environmental agents including cigarette smoke, air pollution, and heavy metals has been extensively studied [ 7 - 9 ], relatively little has been carried out or known about the cancer risk caused by nanomaterial exposure, notably carbon nanotubes (CNTs) which share similar properties with asbestos fibers, a known human carcinogen [ 10 - 13 ]. (oncotarget.com)
  • More recent advances in carbon nanotube production methods have resulted in a tremendous push to incorporate CNTs into polymer matrices. (chemtec.org)
  • 1998 - First carbon nanotube field-effect transistors are demonstrated by groups at Delft University and IBM. (wikipedia.org)
  • Multi-walled carbon nanotubes ( MWCNTs ) consist of nested single-wall carbon nanotubes [1] in a nested, tube-in-tube structure. (wikipedia.org)
  • Multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) based sensors are sensitive to a variety of gases such as NH 3 , NO, NO 2 , H 2 , SF 6 , and Cl 2 [ 1 - 3 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • Low dielectric property of polypropylene (PP) is the main barrier to microwave sintering of PP. In this study, 1 wt% of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) were incorporated into the PP as the microwave susceptors, together with different amounts (0, 5, 15, and 30 wt%) of hydroxyapatite (HA) to produce PP/MWCNT/HA biocomposites for bone tissue engineering by microwave sintering. (edu.au)
  • This work describes the synthesis of nanocomposites of multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) with co-oxide nanocomposite (MWCNTs)/MO. (ugm.ac.id)
  • The zigzag and armchair configurations are not the only structures that a single-walled nanotube can have. (wikipedia.org)
  • 2000 - First demonstration proving that bending carbon nanotubes changes their resistance 2001 April - First report on a technique for separating semiconducting and metallic nanotubes. (wikipedia.org)
  • [11] These properties are expected to be valuable in many areas of technology, such as electronics , optics , composite materials (replacing or complementing carbon fibers ), nanotechnology , and other applications of materials science . (wikipedia.org)
  • 1200. Charles W. Bauschlicher Jr., Alessandra Ricca, Ralph Merkle, 'Chemical storage of data,' Nanotechnology 8(1997):1-5. (nanomedicine.com)
  • Chen H, Roy A, Baek J, Zhu L, Qu J, Dai L: Controlled growth and modification of vertically-aligned carbon nanotubes for multifunctional applications. (egfrsignals.com)
  • Iijima analysed the deposit on the cathode and found macroscopic amounts of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) and facetted graphitic particles. (springer.com)
  • Vapor sensors are easily fabricated onto alumina substrates using foils of silver-decorated nitrogen-doped multiwalled carbon nanotubes (CN X -MWNTs-Ag) as active sensing material. (hindawi.com)
  • Nitrogen-doped MWNTs (CN X -MWNTs) have also been shown to be an excellent approach to overcoming some limitations which exhibit pure carbon nanotube systems in gas sensing applications [ 6 , 18 , 19 ] due to their higher chemical reactivity at the surface. (hindawi.com)
  • By taking advantage of the facility to deposit metallic nanoparticles on CN X -MWNTs and the high affinity that Ag exhibits to sulfur containing molecules, we have fabricated a carbon disulfide (CS 2 ) gas sensor. (hindawi.com)
  • Both substantial original contributors to the field, the authors present Carbon Nanotubes for Polymer Reinforcement, the first monograph on various conventional and innovative techniques to disperse and functionalize carbon nanotubes for polymer reinforcement, elegantly explaining the basic sciences and technologies involved in those processes. (chemtec.org)
  • Carbon Nanotubes for Polymer Reinforcement is a comprehensive treatment and critical review of the new class of polymer nanocomposites, and points to areas of future developments. (chemtec.org)
  • This time, a new form of carbon nanotube, namely, single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) with diameters between 1.1 and 1.3 nm were obtained [ 4 ]. (springer.com)
  • Single-walled carbon nanotubes ( SWCNTs ) have diameters around 0.5-2.0 nanometers , about 100,000 times smaller than the width of a human hair. (wikipedia.org)
  • 2004 March - Nature published a photo of an individual 4 cm long single-wall nanotube (SWNT). (wikipedia.org)
  • 9] Y. Saito, K. Hata, T. Murata, and J. Jan, "Field emission patterns originating from pentagons at tip of a cabon nanotube," Appl. (fujipress.jp)
  • 14] Y. Saito, S. Uemura, and K. Hamaguchi, "Cathode ray tube lighting elements with carbon nanotube field emitters," Jpn. (fujipress.jp)
  • 1991 Nanotubes synthesized hollow carbon molecules and determined their crystal structure for the first time in the soot of arc discharge at NEC, by Japanese researcher Sumio Iijima. (wikipedia.org)
  • Relying on first- principles calculations, we found that iodine molecules (I 2 ) in contact with a carbon nanotube interact to form monoiodide or/and polyiodide from two and three I 2 as a result of removing electrons from the carbon nanotube (p-type doping). (osti.gov)
  • A carbon nanotube ( CNT ) is a tube made of carbon with a diameter in the nanometer range ( nanoscale ). (wikipedia.org)
  • In this work the coupling between carbon foam and composite materials made of carbon nanotubes and epoxy-resin allows to build a material able to absorb the electromagnetic field thus reducing its intensity in the environment where the mitigation of electromagnetic field is required. (scirp.org)
  • 1958 - Hillert and Lange observe a growth of nanoscale tubular carbon filaments from n-heptane decomposition on iron at about 1000 °C. Roger Bacon grows "graphite wiskers" in an arc-discharge apparatus and use electron microscopy to show that the structure consist of rolled up graphene sheets in concentric cylinders. (wikipedia.org)
  • Bollmann and Spreadborough discuss friction properties of carbon due to rolling sheets of graphene in Nature. (wikipedia.org)
  • A "sliced and unrolled" representation of a carbon nanotube as a strip of a graphene molecule, overlaid on diagram of the full molecule (faint background). (wikipedia.org)
  • In the study of nanotubes, one defines a zigzag path on a graphene-like lattice as a path that turns 60 degrees, alternating left and right, after stepping through each bond. (wikipedia.org)
  • 1993 - Groups led by Donald S. Bethune at IBM and Sumio Iijima at NEC independently discover single-wall carbon nanotubes and methods to produce them using transition-metal catalysts. (wikipedia.org)
  • The use of metal catalysts and filamentous carbon from vapour-based routes has a long history dating back well before Iijima's landmark work, perhaps even as far back as 1889 [ 6 ]. (springer.com)
  • In addition, it highlighted the use of transition metals as catalysts for carbon nanotube synthesis. (springer.com)
  • The results can be used in the development of diagnostic methods as well as in nanoelectronics and nanosystem devices based on vertically aligned carbon nanotubes (memory elements, adhesive structures, nanoelectromechanical switches, emission structures, etc. (intechopen.com)
  • Physics of Carbon Nanotube Devices covers the essential aspects for developing the technology, with ample coverage of the physics that govern the working principles of nanotubes - applications in electronics, nanoelectromechanical systems, field emission, optoelectronics and sensing. (chipsbooks.com)
  • 1997 First carbon nanotube single-electron transistors (operating at low temperature) are demonstrated by groups at Delft University and UC Berkeley. (wikipedia.org)
  • Besides being small and allowing more transistors to be packed into a single chip, the uniform and symmetrical structure of nanowires and/or nanotubes allows a higher electron mobility (faster electron movement in the material), a higher dielectric constant (faster frequency), and a symmetrical electron/hole characteristic. (hellenicaworld.com)
  • The initial development of carbon nanotube synthesis revolved heavily around the use of 3 d valence transition metals such as Fe, Ni, and Co. More recently, noble metals (e.g. (springer.com)
  • These different growth systems are briefly examined in this article and serve to highlight the breadth of avenues available for carbon nanotube synthesis. (springer.com)
  • Li Z, Jiang Y, Zhao P: Synthesis of single-walled carbon nanotube films with large area and high purity by arc-discharge. (egfrsignals.com)
  • 22. Tao S, Endo M, Inagaki M: Recent progress in the synthesis and applications of nanoporous carbon films. (egfrsignals.com)
  • August - General Electric announced the development of an ideal carbon nanotube diode that operates at the "theoretical limit" (the best possible performance). (wikipedia.org)
  • This book bridges the experimental and theoretical aspects of carbon nanotube devices. (chipsbooks.com)
  • Qin this website L, Iijima S: Structure and formation of raft-like bundles of single-walled helical carbon nanotubes produced by laser evaporation. (egfrsignals.com)
  • Some of these candidates include: hybrid molecular/semiconductor electronics, one-dimensional nanotubes/nanowires (e.g. silicon nanowires or carbon nanotubes) or advanced molecular electronics. (hellenicaworld.com)
  • 2003 September - NEC announced stable fabrication technology of carbon nanotube transistors. (wikipedia.org)
  • 1952 - Radushkevich and Lukyanovich publish a paper in the Soviet Journal of Physical Chemistry showing hollow graphitic carbon fibers that are 50 nanometers in diameter. (wikipedia.org)
  • August - University of California finds Y-shaped nanotubes to be ready-made transistors. (wikipedia.org)
  • Chen C, Zhang Y: Review on optimization methods of carbon nanotube field-effect check details transistors. (egfrsignals.com)
  • The relationship between field emission current and interelectrode distance was obtained by changing the distance between the tip of the nanotube emitter and the counterpart anode, which can be potentially applied as the principle for an approaching sensor to detect nanometer scale distance by observing field emission current in real time. (fujipress.jp)
  • Qiu W, Li Q, Lei Z, Qin Q, Deng W, Kang Y: The use of a carbon nanotube sensor for measuring strain by micro-Raman spectroscopy. (egfrsignals.com)
  • RG7420 purchase Progress in carbon nanotube gas sensor research. (egfrsignals.com)
  • 1976 - A. Oberlin, Morinobu Endo, and T. Koyama reported CVD (Chemical Vapor Deposition) growth of nanometer-scale carbon fibers, and they also reported the discovery of carbon nanofibers, including that some were shaped as hollow tubes. (wikipedia.org)
  • Lastly, using Raman spectroscopy, we quantitatively determined the doping level and estimated the number of conducting channels in high electrical conductivity fibers composed of iodine-doped double-wall carbon nanotubes. (osti.gov)
  • Two different kind of heterogeneous materials are designed, one is a layered radar absorbing material made exclusively of epoxy resin and carbon nanotube in different weight percentage, the others are porous carbon foam where the pores are supposed be filled with carbon nanotubes and epoxy-resin. (scirp.org)
  • Discovered in the twentieth century, carbon nanotubes (CNT) were an integral part of science and industry by the beginning of the twenty first century, revolutionizing chemistry, physics, and materials science. (chemtec.org)
  • Many of the aspects discussed here differ significantly from those learned in books or traditional materials, and are essential for the future development of carbon nanotube technology. (chipsbooks.com)
  • A single-walled carbon nanotube was grown by chemical vapor deposition across a 10-micron gap in a silicon chip, then used in cold atom experiments, creating a blackhole like effect on single atoms. (wikipedia.org)
  • The structure of an ideal (infinitely long) single-walled carbon nanotube is that of a regular hexagonal lattice drawn on an infinite cylindrical surface, whose vertices are the positions of the carbon atoms. (wikipedia.org)
  • Since the length of the carbon-carbon bonds is fairly fixed, there are constraints on the diameter of the cylinder and the arrangement of the atoms on it. (wikipedia.org)
  • In this method, metal ions including Pd, Pt, Ru and Ag are reduced to zero-valence atoms by self-generated long carbon-chain alcohol inside the micellar core and then hydrophilic metal nanoparticles form. (ncl.edu.tw)
  • June - Gadget invented by Rice University that can sort nanotubes by size and electrical properties. (wikipedia.org)
  • B, Chen D: Improvement of carbon nanotube field emission properties by ultrasonic nanowelding. (egfrsignals.com)
  • Altay M, Eroglu S: Thermodynamic analysis and chemical vapor deposition of multi-walled carbon nanotubes from pre-heated CH 4 using Fe 2 O 3 particles as catalyst precursor. (egfrsignals.com)
  • Kong J, Franklin N, Zhou C: Nanotube molecular wires as chemical sensors. (egfrsignals.com)
  • Ionescu M, Zhang Y, Li R: Hydrogen-free spray pyrolysis chemical vapor deposition method for the carbon nanotube growth: parametric studies. (egfrsignals.com)
  • In the case of noble metal catalyst particles, at temperatures where the VLS model is expected to be valid, they exhibit very low carbon solubility and negligible carbide formation. (springer.com)
  • We report field emission microscopy images from single walled carbon nanotubes showing resolvable fine structure with five- and six-fold symmetry. (aip.org)
  • We present evidence indicating that these images have atomic resolution and that they depict the electronic structure of individual nanotube caps under high-field conditions. (aip.org)
  • 1955 - Hofer, Sterling and McCarney observe a growth of tubular carbon filaments, of 10-200 nm in diameter. (wikipedia.org)
  • By this method, in the Pd case, by changing the carbon chain length of the surfactant, the diameter of the nanoparticles can be controlled. (ncl.edu.tw)
  • The longer the carbon chain length is, the shorter is the particle diameter. (ncl.edu.tw)
  • at IBM independently discovered that co-vaporizing carbon and transition metals such as iron and cobalt could specifically catalyze SWCNT formation. (wikipedia.org)