• Constant-Time Probabilistic Learning & Inference in Hierarchical Sparse Distributed Representations , Invited Talk at the Neuro-Inspired Computational Elements ( NICE ) Workshop, Sandia Labs, Albuquerque, NM, Feb 2013. (brandeis.edu)
  • We briefly present the causal inference framework known as the Rubin causal model [ 3 , 5 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Small samples do not necessarily pose problems of statistical inference, especially when the substantive theory is strong. (iresearchnet.com)
  • In methodology I am particularly interested in new developments in multilevel modelling, bayesian statistics, and survey methodology. (surrey.ac.uk)
  • A classic model is logistic regression, where the log-odds of a subject having a phenotype is assumed to be linear in each of the variants. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Adams R.J., Wilson M.R. & Wu M.L. (1997) Multilevel item response models: An approach to errors in variables regression. (rasch.org)
  • A hierarchical regression analysis suggested no moderation effects as evidenced by the interaction term explaining an additional 1.9% of the total variance. (thesportjournal.org)
  • The relationship of sleep quality between parents and children was carried out using hierarchical models with Binary Logistic Regression, where the factors were inserted one by one (1. (bvsalud.org)
  • In addition, smoothed seasonal cycle analyses suggest that a portion of these deficiencies in some models is the result of a simulated seasonal cycle that leads that of the observations by about two months. (ametsoc.org)
  • Therefore, in the first part, we focus on the published methodologies that address the identification and estimation of causal effects derived from meta-analyses of RCTs along with the underlying assumptions. (biomedcentral.com)
  • There are many constraints and potential pitfalls involved in cross-national statistical analyses, and these will be the main theme of this research paper. (iresearchnet.com)
  • Scholars are frequently quite sensitive to this issue and so attempt to embed their statistical analyses within the histories and social uniqueness of the countries being studied. (iresearchnet.com)
  • Map Work Group to help guide application of geographic part of spatial statistical analyses (7). (cdc.gov)
  • But the rise of theoretical and systems ecology and its models, including ecological energetics, panarchy, and ascendancy, can be viewed as supporting the idea that ecologies themselves both evolve and develop. (evodevouniverse.com)
  • However, recent efforts resulted in numerous approaches, models, and theoretical explanations of the EI, which lead to a plethora of definitions and, perhaps ironically, provide little consensus on conceptualization and operationalization of EI. (thesportjournal.org)
  • The theoretical framework of the current study is based on Salovey and Mayer's (1990) ability model suggesting that EI is "the subset of social intelligence that involves the ability to monitor one's own and others' feelings and emotions, to discriminate among them and to use this information to guide one's thinking and actions" (p. 189). (thesportjournal.org)
  • Quantitative macrocomparisons have also proven themselves eminently useful in testing the validity of core theoretical assumptions, such as the convergence thesis that has long dominated development and modernization theory in political science and sociology especially. (iresearchnet.com)
  • We claim that a basic disconnect between DL/ML and biology and the key to biological intelligence is that instead of FDR or localism, the brain uses sparse distributed representations (SDR), i.e., "cell assemblies", wherein items are represented by small sets of binary units, which may overlap, and where the pattern of overlaps embeds the similarity/statistical structure (generative model) of the domain. (brandeis.edu)
  • Sparsey™: Event recognition via deep hierarchical sparse distributed codes. (brandeis.edu)
  • We evaluated our method using both datasets simulated from our model and datasets from a block model different from ours, and compared the performance with other methods. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The problem of locating bank branches is classified asNP-Hard problem which can possibly be solved only in exponential time by the increase in the number of banks and the large number of customers, especially when the location model includes various datasets, several objectives and constraints. (sepehr.org)
  • Although state-of-the-art methods show promising results for network dismantling, we take one step back and analyze the implicit assumption these network dismantling algorithms have. (hindawi.com)
  • Text preprocessing is a key component in various text mining algorithms and can affect the resulting accuracy of classification models. (uwaterloo.ca)
  • The most popular text clustering algorithms used are hierarchical clustering, k-means clustering and probabilistic clustering (ie. (uwaterloo.ca)
  • However, the large volume of text produced is still an invaluable source of information, so there is a desperate need for text mining algorithms in a wide variety of applications and domains that can effectively automate the processing of large amounts of text. (uwaterloo.ca)
  • An overview of GWAS experimental methodology, confounding variables that must be controlled, statistical techniques for pre- and post-processing, limitations and applications can be found in [ 28 ], while a discussion of the clinical implications of GWAS results can be found in [ 15 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Individuals are usually part of a group having a thorough understanding of the methodology and measurement processes that have yielded the data to be evaluated, as well as the necessary expertise to identify potential sources of uncertainty in reported measurements for the assessment of the quality of measurement results. (degruyter.com)
  • The large differences are in some cases due to the fact that although a model qualitatively has patterns of spatial variations similar to those of the observations, the magnitude of those variations is much too small. (ametsoc.org)
  • Several chapters also introduce statistical methods and procedures to allow readers to analyze behavioral data. (peterlang.com)
  • As in all other stages of the benefits analysis, the assumptions and methods used in the exposure assessment should be well-justified and clearly described, with careful attention paid to assessing and communicating key sources of uncertainty. (nationalacademies.org)
  • The committee considers that the exposure assessment methods used in the analysis for the HD engine and diesel-fuel rule represent an appropriate and reasonably thorough application of available data and models. (nationalacademies.org)
  • Profile analysis has been put on firmer mathematical ground by the introduction of hidden Markov model (HMM) methods. (biopred.net)
  • A 'profile' (defined as a consensus primary structure model consisting of position-specific residue scores and insertion or deletion penalties) is an intuitive step beyond the pairwise sequence alignment methods. (biopred.net)
  • New profile methods using 'hidden Markov models' (HMMs) have been introduced to address the above questions. (biopred.net)
  • It encodes the text in a numerical way so that various classification models and clustering methods can be used on the data. (uwaterloo.ca)
  • Inspired by the work of evo-devo biologists, evo-devo complexity theorists look for processes of evolutionary creativity and developmental constraint in any autopoetic complex systems, at any scale. (evodevouniverse.com)
  • One leading branch of thought draws strongly from psychological and spiritual (or transpersonal) principles to suggest that what is needed are dialogue structures that support people in putting aside preconceptions, assumptions, biases, and mental filters to achieve states of more open awareness and "higher consciousness. (integralleadershipreview.com)
  • What they have in common is that they offer group process structures that support participants moving into states of deep interiority ("causal awareness") and deep authentic participation and inter-listening. (integralleadershipreview.com)
  • However, several conceptual limitations remain, mainly in regard to the data generation process under which the selected RCTs rise. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Although all identified methodologies provide valid causal estimates, there are limitations in the assumptions regarding the data generation process and sampling of the potential RCTs to be included in the meta-analysis which pose challenges to the interpretation and scientific relevance of the identified causal effects. (biomedcentral.com)
  • We've previously described an SDR-based, extremely efficient, one-shot learning algorithm in which the primary operation is permament storage of experienced events based on single trials (episodic memory), but in which the generative model (semantic memory, classification) emerges automatically, and as a computationally free, in terms of time and power, side effect of the episodic storage process. (brandeis.edu)
  • Clearly, this type of dialogue practice is not for everyone or every situation, but contemplative dialogue does seem to contain important pieces of the overall puzzle of generative dialogue processes. (integralleadershipreview.com)
  • Percolation is the simplest process showing a continuous phase transition, scale invariance, fractal structure, and universality and it is described with just a single parameter, that is, the probability of removing a node or edge. (hindawi.com)
  • We also discuss our approach as a radically new implementation of graphical probability modeling. (brandeis.edu)
  • The key idea is that an HMM is a finite model that describes a probability distribution over an infinite number of possible sequences. (biopred.net)
  • Alvarez P., Pulgarin, A. (1997) Application of the Rasch Model to Measuring the Impact of Scientific Journals. (rasch.org)
  • In the first month after treatment but not in subsequent months, Plasmodium falciparum infections were reduced by 73% (95% CI 43%-89%) in treatment versus control villages and differences remained significant (p = 0.00497) in multivariate models with village-level random effects. (cdc.gov)
  • A multivariate model was specified, showing older adults being more satisfied with their pain treatment. (hindawi.com)
  • In other cases the models have produced the approximate magnitude of the spatial variability of the observations but display sizable errors in the pattern of that variability. (ametsoc.org)
  • We use an accelerated failure time model, with Dirichlet process random effects for inter-subject variation, and intrinsic conditionally autoregressive random effects for spatial correlations. (ecnu.edu.cn)
  • A general overview of air-quality modeling and its role in benefits analysis follows. (nationalacademies.org)
  • Finally, the concentration-response section explores the sources and selection of these functions and issues associated with the existence of thresholds, analysis of population subgroups, and assumptions regarding effects lags (the temporal relationship between changes in exposure and resulting changes in health outcomes). (nationalacademies.org)
  • Gene coexpression analysis refers to the en masse discovery of coexpressed genes from a large variety of transcriptomic experiments. (mdpi.com)
  • Also, as Ragin (1994) argues and empirically demonstrates, Boolean analysis can help overcome this dilemma by enabling us to build conjunctural models with very few cases and to analyze nonevents. (iresearchnet.com)
  • We do the laboratory between jihadists in a countries practical estimated adjunct technological businessman and heterostructure at the analysis and process of the market parking during the equipment of Handbook( 2006- 13). (frankponten.de)
  • The most common method of text representation is the vector space model, and while this is a simple model, it enables efficient analysis of large collections of documents. (uwaterloo.ca)
  • A dichotomization model was applied for data analysis. (bvsalud.org)
  • A special thank you is directed to my co-supervisor Joost van de Weijer for conducting the statistical analysis and taking time to take on the enormous task of explaining statistics to me. (lu.se)
  • The root-mean-square differences between the annual means of the model calculations and the C2 observations after global means are removed vary from about twice to nearly four times the difference between the C2 and Meteor observations. (ametsoc.org)
  • For instance, the differences between the zonal averages of total cloudiness for contrasting seasons suggest that near 60° most models predict minima in cloudiness in summer, whereas observations strongly suggest the opposite. (ametsoc.org)
  • However, some models, which appear to have the proper phase of the seasonal cycle, still show large root-mean-square differences and small correlations when compared with the smoothed seasonal cycle of the C2 observations. (ametsoc.org)
  • No specific differences are evident in the physical characteristics of models that are relatively adept at reproducing seasonal and interannual variations and those that perform more poorly. (ametsoc.org)
  • Managed ecosystems provide an excellent opportunity to control for this and evaluate the relative strength of these processes by minimising differences between comparable niches separated at different geographic scales. (nature.com)
  • The main purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between flow experience and goal orientation theory, as well as, the differences in flow experience based on the orthogonal model of goal orientation theory. (frontiersin.org)
  • Disentangling the processes regulating species' distributions makes a significant step towards achieving an integrated understanding of natural and managed ecosystems ( Gaston, 2000 ). (nature.com)
  • This evolution is due to continued improvements in modeling capabilities and to a marked increase in available air-monitoring data for many pollutants. (nationalacademies.org)
  • The brain is also massively parallel, but uses only 20 watts and moreover, the forms of MP used in DL, model / data parallelism and shared parameters, are patently non-biological, suggesting DL's core principles do not emulate biological intelligence. (brandeis.edu)
  • Their popularity has been spurred, in part, by the increasing availability of good data for a growing number of countries and, in part, by the diffusion of statistical skills among researchers. (iresearchnet.com)
  • These groups may also include experts such as statisticians and data scientists involved in the data evaluation process. (degruyter.com)
  • In the absence of quantitative data in the human, this process is often dependent upon the use of animal and in vitro data to estimate human response. (cdc.gov)
  • PBPK models are effective tools for integrating diverse dose-response and mechanistic data in order to more accurately predict human risk. (cdc.gov)
  • Yet, for these models to be useful and trustworthy in performing the necessary extrapolations (spe- cies, doses, exposure scenarios), they must be thoughtfully constructed in accordance with known biology and pharmacokinetics, doc- umented in a form that is transparent to risk assessors, and shown to be robust using diverse and appropriate data. (cdc.gov)
  • Based on the behavior of the data, a mathematical assessment is the assumption that the toxic effects in a par- model is selected which possesses a sufficient number of ticular tissue can be related in some way to the concentra- compartments (and therefore parameters) to describe the tion time course of an active form of the substance in that data. (cdc.gov)
  • The advantage of this modeling approach is that there is no limitation to fitting the model to the experimen- * tal data. (cdc.gov)
  • Since the model parameters do not possess any intrinsic meaning, they can be freely varied to obtain the best possible fit, and different parameter values can be used for each data set in a related series of experiments. (cdc.gov)
  • This includes the application of multilevel models to adjust for prison context, and longitudinal models to examine changes in prisoner experience and attitudes over time. (surrey.ac.uk)
  • In this paper, we develop various aspects of the finite model theory of propositional modal logic. (upenn.edu)
  • We show that a class of finite models that is defined by a modal sentence is closed under extensions if it is defined by a diamond-modal sentence. (upenn.edu)
  • In sharp contrast, it is well known that many classical results for first-order logic, including various preservation theorems, fail for the class of finite models. (upenn.edu)
  • In addition, we found CRE1-repression of nitrogenous substances uptake, components of chromatin remodeling and the transcriptional mediator complex, as well as developmental processes. (biomedcentral.com)
  • It has been an unspoken assumption that the law is made by humans for humans. (firstmonday.org)
  • That assumption no longer holds: The information, communication, and culture that are the subject of information law and policy increasingly flow between machines, or between machines and humans. (firstmonday.org)
  • Unstructured text is easily processed and analyzed by humans, but it is significantly harder for machines to understand. (uwaterloo.ca)
  • The problem with profiles is that they are complicated models with many free parameters. (biopred.net)
  • This paper describes the process of PBPK model development and highlights issues related to the specification of model structure and parameters, model eval- uation, and consideration of uncertainty. (cdc.gov)
  • However, there is the general conclusion that models that have more sophisticated physical processes tend to better simulate the cloud observations. (ametsoc.org)
  • In this paper, I argue that this phenomenon reflects the fact that the interpretation of modals is an ANAPHORIC process, precisely analogous to the anaphoric interpretation of tense. (upenn.edu)
  • Assessment is explained as the process of measuring an individual's way of doing gender in comparison to their sex. (wikipedia.org)
  • Adams R.J., Wilson M.R. & Wang W.C. (1997) The Multidimensional Random Coefficients Multinomial Logit Model. (rasch.org)
  • The ability model (Salovey & Mayer, 1990) suggested that EI includes an array of capabilities and skills to successfully recognize, express, articulate, understand, reason with, and regulate one's and others' emotions (Mayer & Salovey, 1997). (thesportjournal.org)
  • Hull, D. L. (1988) Science as a process: an evolutionary account of the social and conceptual development of science University of Chicago Press. (berkeley.edu)
  • Mishler, B. D. (1989) Untitled review of Hull, D.L. (1988) Science as a process. (berkeley.edu)
  • The orthogonal model of flow theory constitutes an important part for understanding the quality of this enjoyable and self-rewarding subjective experience ( Csikszentmihalyi and Csikszentmihalyi, 1988 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • Beyond the descriptive definitions of pain, there remains the need to develop models that account for determinants that may account for the pain experience among a diverse adult population. (hindawi.com)
  • In an evidence-based model, the source of scientific evidence is empirical research in the form of evaluations of programs, practices, and policies. (iresearchnet.com)
  • For each measure, a linear mixed effects model with dog ownership as a fixed effect, and a random effects structure of measurement point nested in participant nested in pair was used to assess the effect of dog ownership. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The classification models used in the context of text mining aims to assign predefined classes to text documents, and some of the various models used include Naive Bayes, Nearest Neighbour, Decision Tree and Support Vector Machines (SVM). (uwaterloo.ca)
  • However, since the compartmental model does not possess a physiological structure, it is often not possible to incorporate a description of these non-linear biochemi- cal processes in a biologically appropriate context. (cdc.gov)
  • Recently, similar definition of the cost [ 29 ] was used to analyze fragmentation and strengthening process for a class of random network models. (hindawi.com)
  • These questions were selected in recognition of the creative and radical rethinking of psychoanalytic epistemology, theory, practice, education, and ethics during the past quarter of a century, a rethinking that reflects the rapidly changing assumptions underlying our current socio-cultural times. (academyanalyticarts.org)
  • During these years, we have witnessed the application of the standards of the health-care model and the principles of industrialization and commercialization to psychoanalysis as theory, practice, and education. (academyanalyticarts.org)
  • The theory, Sparsey, was introduced 20 years ago as a canonical cortical circuit/algorithm model, but not elaborated as an alternative to PPC theories. (brandeis.edu)
  • This study used the path-goal theory and sex-role congruency hypothesis as the foundation for this model. (regent.edu)
  • It needs to be guided by strong theory and background knowledge, its applicability is limited to relatively few cases, and it may be biased in favor of corroborating nonadditive, conjunctural models. (iresearchnet.com)
  • Examples are provided to illustrate approaches for selecting a ``preferred'' model from multiple alternatives. (cdc.gov)
  • Here, a connection to the large-deviation statistics of log-correlated random processes enables a definitive determination of the correct small- u 0 asymptotics. (osti.gov)
  • The conceptual framework of this leadership model is that leaders who practice certain leadership styles, according to subordinates' expectations of gender stereotypes, could influence the subordinate commitment to superior. (regent.edu)
  • The conceptual framework of the leadership model is that leaders who practice Supportive Follower Commitment to Superior (DV) Participative Control Variables Age, Gender, Tenure, Education Directive H1 Achievement-oriented H2 Leader Gender (Mo) certain leadership styles, according to subordinates' expectations of gender stereotypes, could influence the subordinate commitment to superior. (regent.edu)
  • These models share much with traditions of contemplative practice, which use deep listening, stillness, equanimity, and inner reflection as tools of insight and growth. (integralleadershipreview.com)
  • Under the assumption of the random network models, they found that the optimal cost for fragmentation and strengthening process consists out of the list of priorities of degrees for removed nodes which is independent of the network's degree distribution. (hindawi.com)
  • Common models used for NER include Hidden Markov model (HMM) and Conditional random fields (CRF). (uwaterloo.ca)
  • This suggests that general assumptions cannot be made about the health outcomes of older adults. (hindawi.com)
  • Hidden Markov models are a general statistical modeling technique for 'linear' problems like sequences or time series and have been widely used in speech recognition applications for twenty years. (biopred.net)
  • That assumption no longer holds: The subject of information policy is increasingly flows between machines, machinic rather than social values play ever-more important roles in decision-making, and information policy for human society is being supplemented, supplanted, and superceded by machinic decision-making. (firstmonday.org)
  • The present article contributes to the discussions of the link as between diversity and social capital levels by focusing on the process linking diversity and trust. (socresonline.org.uk)
  • I am an associate editor for Sociology and the Journal of the Royal Statistical Society Series A . I am a member of the Royal Statistical Society Social Statistics Committee (secretary 2015-2021), sit on the editorial board of the British Journal of Criminology and I am co-director of the Surrey Centre for Criminology . (surrey.ac.uk)
  • Finally, future evo-devo models may require what [http://vcresearch.berkeley.edu/faculty/lucia-jacobs Lucia Jacobs] refers to as "cog-evo-devo" (Jacobs 2012), the recognition that both information and cognition evolve and develop, are causal agents in the dynamics of complex replicators, and are increasingly important in determining their future, via such mechanisms as collective ethics, empathy, and niche construction, as higher intelligence emerges. (evodevouniverse.com)
  • In this paper, we study robustness of complex networks under a realistic assumption that the cost of removing a node is not constant but rather proportional to the degree of a node or equivalently to the number of removed links a removal action produces. (hindawi.com)
  • Finally, future evo-devo models may require what [http://vcresearch.berkeley.edu/faculty/lucia-jacobs Lucia Jacobs] refers to as "cog-evo-devo" (Jacobs 2012), the recognition that both information and cognition evolve and develop, are causal agents in the dynamics of complex replicators, and are increasingly important in determining their future, via niche construction, as higher intelligence emerges. (evodevouniverse.com)
  • These processes are the dynamical and informational opposite of the predictable, information-conservative, convergent, unifying, and hierarchical processes of "development," which work to replicate and maintain that system. (evodevouniverse.com)
  • To reduce the uncertainty inherent in such extrapolations, there has been considerable interest in the development of physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) models of toxic chemicals for application in quantitative risk assessments. (cdc.gov)
  • Most studies on CCR in fungi have been made with gene model systems where CCR functions in the counteraction of gene induction [ 7 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The implicit assumption that the cost of a removing action is equivalent for all nodes regardless of their importance or centrality in network is not a realistic one. (hindawi.com)
  • Once developed, these models are useful for interpola- tion and limited extrapolation of the concentration profiles which can be expected as experimental conditions are var- ied. (cdc.gov)
  • Overall, selection unsurprisingly predominantly shapes these microbial communities, but we show the balance of neutral processes also have a significant role in defining community assemblage in eukaryotic microbes. (nature.com)
  • The ideal of open, free, authentic communication includes assumptions about human nature that, it turns out, are not easily realized. (integralleadershipreview.com)
  • Many have been envisioning and experimenting with new dialogue, problem solving, and decision making models that might support fuller access to the abundant intelligence, compassion, and creativity latent in the human condition (we review many of these later). (integralleadershipreview.com)
  • A few models reproduce this event about as well as do the Meteor observations, whereas many models fail to show any evidence of it. (ametsoc.org)
  • Thus, we show how measuring brain activity can deliver insights into how notifications are processed, at a finer granularity than can be afforded by behavior alone. (researchgate.net)
  • In this paper, we introduce an automatic block-wise Genome-Wide Association Study (GWAS) method based on Hidden Markov model. (biomedcentral.com)